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This study examined how population density and agricultural land productivity in a metropolitan area varied spatially by discussing the case of the Kanto district. A mathematical model was presented for describing the relationship of these two values. Population density values were calculated from grid-cell data of the population census of 1980. Values of agricultural land productivity were represented by agricultural income per hectare estimated from grid-cell data of the agricultural census of 1980. Figure 3 shows distribution of these values.We attempted to find the complicated spatial patterns of these values by analyzing the covariation of them in two aspects: the covariation with distance from the city center (Fig. 4) and with azimuth angle in distance belts (Fig. 5).The facts that we found are summarized as follows:The covariation with distance showed a tendency to correlate positively in the inside range of 35km and showed a tendency to correlate negatively in the outside range of 35km, except the non-agricultural city core and the mountainous area beyond 95km.The variation with azimuth angle, both of density and of productivity, consisted of long waves and short waves. The long waves of density and productivity showed similar curves. By contrast, the short waves of them showed inverse curves. This inverse relationship was weaker in the outside range of 35km than the inside.A mathematical model was then presented on the basis of these facts. This model consists of the following two parts:1) The covariation with distanceThe following formulation describes the covariation of population density fP and agricultural land productivity fA with distance. Equation (1) shows the productivity fA (r, p) at a place where distance from the edge of the city center is r and deviation of density is p. Variables fA (r, p), gA (r), and hA (p) in (1) correspond to curves FA, G, and H in Figure 6 respectively. The variable gA (r) is a component declining exponentially with distance r; gA (r)>0 and (d/dr) gA (r)<0 for r>0. The variable hA (r) is a component increasing with decreasing deviation p; (d/dp) hA (p)<0; hA (p)≈0 at p=0. Let fP(r) be the population density at distance r and fP be the mean value of fP(r) with respect to overall r, we get p=fP(r)-fP and (d/dr)fP(r)<0. Thus hA (p) becomes a function of r and (d/dr)hA(p(r)) becomes positive. Let r0 be a constant distance, the relationship between gA (r) and hA (p) is given by inequalities (2) and (3).2) The covariation with azimuth angleThe following formulation describes the covariation of population density up and agricultural land productivity uA, with azimuth angle in a specific distance belt Both uP and uA are standardized values with respect to overall angle in the distance belt. The density uP(θ) at angle θ can be written in equation (4). Variables uP(θ) and vP(θ) in (4) correspond to curves UP and VP in Figure 7 respectively. The variable vP(θ) is a component representing long periodic variation; vP(θ+λ1)=vP(θ) for a constant λ1(>0)

2017-06-20 02:00:08
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4 0 0 0 IR いわゆる小山評定についての諸問題―本多隆成氏の御批判を受けての所見、及び、家康宇都宮在陣説の提示―

著者: 白峰旬
出版者: 別府大学会
雑誌: 別府大学大学院紀要 (ISSN:13450530)
巻号頁・発行日: no.19, pp.21-36, 2017-03

いわゆる小山評定に関しては、本多隆成氏が存在論の立場から、筆者(白峰)が否定論の立場から論争(小山評定論争)が続いているが、本多氏が論文「「小山評定」再論―白峰旬氏のご批判に応える―」を、2015年10月に『織豊期研究』17号に発表し、拙論への御批判を提示された。本稿では、本多氏による拙論への御批判を検討し、私の所見を示すこととする。

2017-06-19 21:18:29
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https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/120006239484

4 0 0 0 IR 鋸歯尖頭器・石鋸の系譜と展開

著者: 久我谷渓太
出版者: 東京大学大学院人文社会系研究科・文学部考古学研究室
雑誌: 東京大学考古学研究室研究紀要 (ISSN:18803784)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.30, pp.1-32, 2016-03-29

本稿は、鋸歯尖頭器・石鋸の系譜と展開の分析をもとに、縄文時代の九州西北部沿岸地域から新石器時代の朝鮮半島にかけて成立していたとされる「漁撈文化」「漁撈文化圏」の再検討を試みたものである。はじめに基礎作業として資料の集成を行い、その結果から両者を一体的に捉えた4つの類型を提示し、類型ごとの年代や分布状況を整理した。従来の研究ではこれらの系譜を朝鮮半島や大陸方面に求める見解があったが、分析の結果から唐津湾沿岸地域において凹基形鋸歯鏃を構造的な特徴を維持しつつ大型化させたことにより、出現したものである可能性を指摘した。破損率の高い脚部を別造りにして交換を容易にすることにより、運用効率を向上させる狙いがあったと想定される。このことから、鋸歯尖頭器を伴わず少数の石鋸のみが確認される遺跡が多数存在するという現象を備蓄分や廃棄品が残置された結果であると解釈し、朝鮮半島の遺跡で石鋸が確認されるのも、九州から限定的・断続的に持ち込まれたものが同様の理由によって当地に残されたことによると捉えた。「漁撈文化(圏)」を構成したとされる他の遺物についても、近年の研究では朝鮮半島との関係性の強さを疑問視する見方が相次いでいるうえ、相互の時間的・地理的な連動性も明確ではないといえる。以上のことから、漁撈具から推察される当時の日韓交流には文化的な共通性・一体性を認めるほどの密な関係は見出せず、総体的な枠組としての「漁撈文化(圏)」の存在自体も認め難いと結論される。Saw-formed edge point and blade are stone implement that it was probably used as a harpoon by combining both. These are recognized in Jomon culture in Kyushu and Korean Peninsula neolith culture characteristically. In the past study, the genealogy of saw-formed edge point and blade in Kyushu has been thought in Korean Peninsula. And this view was considered to be one of evidence that there was "fishing culture" to be common in both areas at that time. In this paper, sort out these four types (and the others), arranged time and distribution of each type. Of four types, "Tokuzotani type" point tend to be excavated with a large quantity of saw-formed edge flint arrowhead. About half of these arrowheads ware damaged barb, it is thought that the reason is these were used as harpoon. When I suppose that saw-formed edge point and blade is saw-formed edge arrowhead which upsized, it is thought that saw-formed edge blade corresponds to barb of saw-formed edge arrowhead. For these reason, it is assumed that saw-formed edge blade was developed for the purpose of improve efficiency of parts replacement by separating barb damaged easily from head part. It is thought that other three types diverged from "Tokuzotani type". Saw-formed edge blade which is accepted in Korean Peninsula is "Shitadani type" and "Monzen type". The existence of "Tokuzotani type" is not recognizable. The number of individual and the remains which there were excavated is overwhelmingly less than in Kyushu. There were brought fragmentarily from Kyushu, did not take root in Korean Peninsula. This result of analysis brings doubt in a frame of "fishing culture".

2017-06-19 14:13:37
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https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/120005745739

4 0 0 0 The voice of the poor in the Middle Ages : an anthology of documents from the Cairo Geniza

著者: Mark R. Cohen
出版者: Princeton University Press
巻号頁・発行日: 2005

2017-06-19 13:57:20
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https://ci.nii.ac.jp/ncid/BA83292676

4 0 0 0 IR 正岡子規と新体詩 -俳句と散文のあいだで-

著者: 田部知季
出版者: 早稲田大学大学院文学研究科
雑誌: 早稲田大学大学院文学研究科紀要 (ISSN:24327344)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.62, pp.752-738, 2017-03-15

2017-06-18 22:00:41
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https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/120006230465

4 0 0 0 OA 検査値データ自動分析機能を搭載した多機能型持参薬鑑別システムの開発と効果の検討

著者: 桐生嘉浩本間直美吉野多栄子村井ユリ子祖父江展佐藤良智
出版者: 一般社団法人日本医薬品情報学会
雑誌: 医薬品情報学 (ISSN:13451464)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.19, no.1, pp.8-16, 2017-05-31 (Released:2017-06-16)
参考文献数: 13

Objective: Numerous new drugs have been developed in recent years, making the available types of prescription drugs quite diverse, with increasingly more complex drug interactions. From an operations support system perspective, hospitals that cannot incorporate a large-scale custom-order system because of financial or use-efficiency limitations have no choice but to rely on commercial products. However, this leaves many problems unsolved, such as functional restrictions and limited specifications. In this study, we used Microsoft®Visual Basic®for Application (VBA) to develop an economical drug discrimination system suited to our situation and equipped with original function from the perspective of clinical pharmacists.Design: System design and development.Methods: We prototyped the system in VBA and used Microsoft®Excel®to create Query Tables. The utility of the new system was evaluated based on drug discrimination output and time required in each process.Results: The new system is capable of inter-database communication and automated data analysis and uses drop-down lists of pre-defined options for data input in many places. Compared with the conventional method, the new system enabled us to significantly reduce the average time needed to input and confirm data by as much as 61.9%. This indicates that the new system can considerably reduce the time required for completing time-intensive processes and is also useful in preparing highly precise drug discrimination reports.Conclusion: Based on the results obtained so far, the new, original system, developed with zero design or development costs, is more efficient and offers more reliable information in the clinical setting than the conventional system. As a result, we are able to maintain operational quality and reduce the amount of time required for drug discrimination.

2017-06-18 21:55:32
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4 0 0 0 日本製プロパガンダ・ポスターに見られるデザイン的傾向に関する考察--昭和館所蔵作品を中心として

著者: 田島奈都子
出版者: 昭和館
雑誌: 昭和のくらし研究 (ISSN:13478974)
巻号頁・発行日: no.9, pp.7-34,3〜4, 2011-03

2017-06-18 11:33:58
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https://ci.nii.ac.jp/naid/40018925585

4 0 0 0 IR プロ野球・四国アイランドリーグplus 愛媛マンダリンパイレーツの場合 : 地域密着型球団を目指して

著者: 川口啓太
出版者: 明治大学教養論集刊行会
雑誌: 明治大学教養論集 (ISSN:03896005)
巻号頁・発行日: no.490, pp.27-72, 2013-01

すべての人たちがスポーツを楽しむ権利を認めた「スポーツ基本法」が,2011年(平成23)6月に成立した。学校教育などを通してスポーツの普及・振興を目指してきた「スポーツ振興法」の制定から50年目の全面改正であった。これまで競技スポーツに比重が置かれていた政策が,今回の基本法では「地域スポーツ」も重視されている。スポーツの推進を国の責務とし,国や地方自治体からの財政確保にも触れた内容でスポーツの転換期を実感する。しかし,1990年代のバブル経済崩壊の後遺症と2008年(平成20)秋の金融危機に端を発した経済不況は「失われた20年」とも言われ,今日もなお日本のスポーツに様々な形で影響を与えている。学校スポーツと共に日本のスポーツを支え築き上げてきた企業スポーツへの影響は特に大きく,この20年間に「200チーム以上の有力クラブが休・廃部した」とも言われている。