著者

照屋 寛善 宮城 重二 平良 一彦

出版者

The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.3, pp.108-115, 1982 (Released:2011-02-25)

参考文献数

9

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We have tried to classify the health/medical services administration in Okinawa after World War II into five periods and to describe the trends of major communicable diseases and causes of death for each period. First period (1945-49, the period under the administration of the U.S. Military Government (USMG)): In those days, the major activities of health/medical services for Okinawa Civilians were first, supplying food and second, controlling acute communicable diseases; especially, malaria which was very prevalent. USMG executed an aggressive sanitation program which included DDT spraying. Second period (1950-51, the period during which the USMG administration turned control over to a civil administration): Acute communicable diseases were eradicated by the aggressive sanitation control, but chronic communicable diseases - leprosy, tuberculosis, venereal disease and others became more prevalent. USMG issued many ordinances to affect "control of communicable diseases". USMG especially showed deep concern for controlling venereal disease and established district health centers and began free treatment for venereal disease in these centers. Third period (1952-64, the period of full-scale construction of U.S. Military bases): Markets, crowded houses, slums, so-called red-light districts and other similarly difficult living situations developed around U.S. Military bases with the full-scale construction of the bases, and chronic communicable diseases, especially, tuberculosis were very prevalent in the 1950's and 1960's. However in the 1960's the death rate due to tuberculosis decreased gradually as did the rates for gastroenteritis and pneumonia or bronchitis. On the other hand, the death rate due to adult diseases such as cerebrovascular disease, cancer, heart disease and others increased year by year. Fourth period (1965-71, the period of a great increase in financial and technological aid from the Government of Japan to Okinawa): The period started from the time when the late Prime Minister Mr. Sato made a speech on his visit to Okinawa in 1965 that a medical school should be established in University of the Ryukyus. From that time the financial and technological aid from the Government of Japan to Okinawa was substantial. A vaccination program to fight tuberculosis for health personnel, families of tuberculosis patients, students of the first and second year of junior high school was established in 1966, and consequently the morbidity rate due to tuberculosis decreased year after year. Fifth period (1972-, the period after Japanese laws were applied). After the application of Japanese laws, the condition of health/medical services in Okinawa improved considerably. The mortality and morbidity rates due to adult diseases increased significantly as the rates for communicable diseases declined.

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育学会

雑誌

教育学研究 (ISSN:03873161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.1, pp.49-54, 2017-03-30 (Released:2017-07-28)

著者

SOICHIRO KUSAKA TSUTOMU SAITO ERIKO ISHIMARU YASUHIRO YAMADA

出版者

The Anthropological Society of Nippon

雑誌

Anthropological Science (ISSN:09187960)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2202191, (Released:2022-05-19)

被引用文献数

1

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Many human skeletal remains of the Late–Final Jomon period have been found in shell-mounds on the Atsumi peninsula in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. Several types of burials have been found, such as mass burial and bone-gathering burials arranged like a square board (banjo-shuseki burial). In this study, strontium isotope analysis was performed to reveal the meanings of banjo-shuseki burials. The materials included 22 samples of tooth enamel and bones from the Hobi shell-mound, and 30 samples from the Ikawazu shell-mound. The concentration of calcium and strontium was measured, as were the strontium isotope ratios. The results indicated that the tooth enamel from the banjo-shuseki burial exhibited higher strontium isotope ratios than those of tooth enamel from the single burial in Hobi. The tooth enamel from the banjo-shuseki burial and a mass burial in Ikawazu included some individuals with higher strontium isotope ratios. These ratios were higher than the range of the values of human bone samples, modern plants around the sites, and the enamel of terrestrial animals, indicating the possibility that these people grew up in a different place to the sites where they were buried. The individuals in the banjo-shuseki burials may include immigrants who grew up in other areas or their diets incorporated food from other areas.

著者

平出鏗二郎 著

出版者

文昌閣

巻号頁・発行日

1909

著者

鈴木 舞衣 薬袋 奈美子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本都市計画学会

雑誌

都市計画報告集 (ISSN:24364460)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.84-89, 2022-06-08 (Released:2022-06-08)

参考文献数

6

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外遊びは子どもにとって健やかな成長や幸福度の向上のために必要な生活行為の一つである。しかし、現代の子どもたちは外で遊ばない傾向にある。加えて、子どもの遊び空間は特に都市部において公園に限定化されており、自由に遊べる空間が不足している。 本研究では、子どもの外遊びの状況を把握するとともに、外遊びを妨げる要因の一つとして地域住民の外遊びに対する迷惑意識に着目し、調査を行った。その結果、地域住民は外遊びで発生する騒音に不満を持っていること、住宅が密集している狭い道路で特に苦情が発生していることが明らかになった。子どもたちは外遊びがルールやマナーによって規制されていると感じており、自由に遊べないことに不満を抱いていることがわかった。また、地域によっては路上で遊ぶことを好む子どももおり、郊外に住む子どもは都心に住む子どもに比べて路上で遊ぶ傾向があることがわかった。

著者

芳虎 画

出版者

松延堂伊勢屋庄之助

巻号頁・発行日

vol.初編, 1871

著者

堀部 真広

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬理学会

雑誌

日本薬理学雑誌 (ISSN:00155691)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.5, pp.561-575, 1968-09-20 (Released:2010-07-09)

参考文献数

86

著者

荒木 厚 井藤 英喜

出版者

一般社団法人 日本老年医学会

雑誌

日本老年医学会雑誌 (ISSN:03009173)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.1-12, 2018-01-25 (Released:2018-03-05)

参考文献数

71

被引用文献数

2 4

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「高齢者糖尿病の診療向上のための日本糖尿病学会と日本老年医学会の合同委員会」によって作成された「高齢者糖尿病ガイドライン2017」のエッセンスを紹介し,解説を加えた.高齢者糖尿病では認知機能や身体機能の障害がおこりやすく,それらの評価を含む高齢者総合機能評価を行うことが大切である.高齢者糖尿病の血糖コントロール目標(HbA1c値)は認知機能,ADL,併発疾患,重症低血糖のリスクなどに基づいて設定する.食事療法は過栄養だけでなく,低栄養,サルコペニアなどを考慮して行い,タンパク質やビタミンなどを十分に摂取する.運動療法は身体活動量を増やし,有酸素運動だけでなく,レジスタンス運動やバランス運動を行うことが望まれる.薬物療法は低血糖および他の有害事象を防ぐため,個々の心身機能や病態に十分配慮して行い,低血糖やシックデイの対策を行う.アドヒアランス低下や多剤併用にも注意する.今後,認知機能の簡易な評価法の開発,介護施設入所者の糖尿病のエビデンスの集積,および大規模なレジストリー研究などを行うことが,ガイドラインのさらなる発展のために必要である.

著者

中川 清

雑誌

白鴎大学論集 = Hakuoh Daigaku ronshu : the Hakuoh University journal (ISSN:09137661)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.83-121, 1996-03-01

著者

金 永晃

出版者

智山勧学会

雑誌

智山学報 (ISSN:02865661)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, pp.A41-A56, 2002-03-31 (Released:2017-08-31)

著者

松村 健太 松岡 豊

出版者

日本生物学的精神医学会

雑誌

脳と精神の医学 (ISSN:09157328)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.143-155, 2009-06-25 (Released:2010-06-25)

参考文献数

97

被引用文献数

1

著者

中尾 健二

出版者

静岡大学教養部

雑誌

静岡大学教養部研究報告. 人文・社会科学篇 (ISSN:02850427)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.2, pp.226-216, 1992-03-10

著者

堀江 秀樹 安藤 聡 齊藤 猛夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本食品科学工学会

雑誌

日本食品科学工学会誌 (ISSN:1341027X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.11, pp.661-664, 2013-11-15 (Released:2013-12-31)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

4 8

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γ-アミノ酪酸(GABA)にはストレス緩和効果が期待されている.ナス8品種果実のGABA含量を比較したところ,品種間の差は大きいものではなく,平均値は果実100gあたり24mgであった.60℃で加熱すれば,果実中のGABA含量が増加し,グルタミン酸塩を外部から補って加熱することにより,GABA含量を倍増することができた.GABAを含む野菜として,ナスの消費喚起が期待される.

著者

中原 誠 都留 正人 上田 治 田路 明子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本超音波検査学会

雑誌

超音波検査技術 (ISSN:18814506)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.7, pp.477-482, 2002-12-01 (Released:2007-09-09)

参考文献数

28

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PURPOSE : The purpose was consideration the measurement of pulmonary regurgitant flowvelocity by continuous-wave Doppler echocardiography. MATERIAL AND METHOD : The study population consisted of 51 patients that underwent the cardiac catheteri2ation within 10 days after the Doppler examination. In these patients, for 13 patients of right-sided pressure determination, we did linear regression analysis to differ. ence between pulmonary artery diastolic pressure and right ventricular end-diastolic pressure in the catheterization (PADP-RVEDP) versus the pulmonary artery-to-right ventricular pressure gradient at end-diastolic by continuous-wave Doppler echocardiography that were cornptrted in means of the simplified Bernoulli equation (4V2) from the pulmonary regurgitant flow velocity (PR-PG), and compared. For 46 patients of left-sided pressure determination, we did linear regression analysis to left ventricular end-diastolic pressure in the catheterization (LVEDP) versus PR-PG. Moreover, we were classified angina pectoris (group AP), acute myocardial infarction (group AMI). congestive heart failure (group CHF) in 51 patients. and we considered for significant difference at PR-PG of the groups.RESULT : PADP-RVEDP versus PR-PG had the correlation (y=0.96x+2.2, r=0.88, p<O.0001). LVEDPversus PR-PG had the correlation (y=0.73x-7.0, r=0.83, p<0.0001; x=1.37y+9.6). For difference of PR-PG at the each team, group AP were 3.4±1.0mmHg, group AMI were 6.4±2.5mmHg. and group CHF were 15.1±4.3mmHg, there were significant difference at al: groups. CONCLUSION : The pulmonary artery-to-right ventricular pressure gradient at end-diastolic was able to get noninvasively by continuous-wave Doppler echocardiography, because PADPRVEDP and PR-PG approximated to each other. It seemed that adding lOmmHg to PR-PG were valid at estimation of LVEDP. Normal PR-PG were understood 5mmllg or less, and CHF were high PR-PG. It was useful for diagnosis of CHF that pulmonary regurgitant flow velocity was measured by continuous-wave Doppler echocardiography.

著者

渡島 寛治

出版者

公益社団法人 日本マリンエンジニアリング学会

雑誌

日本舶用機関学会誌 (ISSN:03883051)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.8, pp.550-561, 1970 (Released:2010-05-31)

参考文献数

11

著者

Emiko Kurisaki Masao Sato Sigeyuki Asano Hirobumi Gunji Mamoru Mochizuki Hajime Odajima Haruki Wakasa Hiroshi Satoh Chiho Watanabe Kouichi Hiraiwa

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Health Science (ISSN:13449702)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.6, pp.309-317, 1999-12-31 (Released:2008-04-14)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

2 1

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It has been assumed that "smelter disease" is caused by sulfuric dioxide. A typical episode resulting in "smelter disease" occurred in Fukushima, Japan. Twenty-seven workers became ill and eventually three of them died. The concentration of mercury (Hg) was found to be higher in all tissues and blood of the three victims than in those of normal Japanese, although the concentrations of zinc, cadmium, copper and lead in all tissues examined were within the normal range. The clinical course after the incident and autopsy findings clarified the cause of death to be acute Hg fume poisoning. To determine the histological localization of Hg and metallothionein (MT), Hg staining by the photo-emulsion method and immunostaining using anti-MT antibody were carried out. Numerous Hg granules were observed in the epithelia of the proximal tubules of the renal cortex using the photo-emulsion histochemical method. The liver of victims contained a few Hg granules in the hepatic cellular cytoplasm and sinusoid. Immunostaining of the kidney showed a strong positive reaction with anti-MT in the proximal tubules outside the medulla. The presence of Hg-bound MT in the kidneys of the victims was confirmed by gel chromatography. This is the first evidence of Hg-MT in the tissues of humans with acute Hg fume poisoning. Mercury might induce the synthesis of MT in human tissues. In addition, fractionation of the supernatants on gel chromatography revealed that most of the Hg in the kidney and lung of the patient who had the most severe renal and lung damage and who was the first of the three victims to die was distributed in high molecular weight protein fractions (HMW) and a small portion of Hg was bound to MT. These findings suggest that the amount of synthesized MT in tissues was not sufficient for MT to bind to Hg. The amount of Hg absorbed into tissues may be too large for MT to protect tissues, and thereby Hg may be bound to HMW.

著者

特許庁

出版者

特許庁

著者

市川収 著

出版者

創元社

巻号頁・発行日

1944

著者

岡崎 正道

出版者

岩手大学人文社会科学部

雑誌

人間・文化・社会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.347-366, 1997-03-28

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「国体」と言えば,戦後世代には「国民体育大会」の略称としか伝わらない。しかし戦前においてはこの言葉は,天皇を神聖不可侵の絶対的存在と位置づげ,これに対する無限の忠誠を日本人の崇高な責務として強要する,イデオロギーの表現にはかならなかった。大戦末期には,「国体護持」に固執するあまり戦争終結の方策を誤り,ついに原爆の惨禍を阻止することもかなわなかった。すなわち「国体」と引き換えに,幾十万の無筆の生命が奪われたのである。アジアの無数の民にはかり知れぬ痛苦を与えた侵略行為の根底にも,この「国体」の妄想があったことは言を持たない。そしてこの観念に対し異を唱える者は「国賊」「非国民」の罵声を浴び,疑念なくこれを信奉すべく大多数の日本人が徹底的に精神を呪縛された。まさに一億総マインドコントロールの恐怖である。だがかかる「国体」の観念は,実は戦時中の軍国主義の特産物ではない。その淵源は,幕末期のナショナリズムの高揚の中で唱導された,国家独立の希求のスローガンにある。本稿では,そうした前史をふまえつつ,近代日本における国体観念の諸相について論じてみたい。

著者

齋藤 憲司

出版者

国立国会図書館調査及び立法考査局

雑誌

レファレンス (ISSN:00342912)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.11, pp.11-30, 2010-11