著者
竹林 幹雄 黒田 勝彦 鈴木 秀彦 宮内 敏昌
出版者
Japan Society of Civil Engineers
雑誌
土木学会論文集 (ISSN:02897806)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2001, no.674, pp.35-48, 2001-04-20 (Released:2010-08-24)
参考文献数
28
被引用文献数
1 3

本論文では, 自由化が進展した国際航空旅客輸送市場の構造分析を行うことを目的とする. まず, 市場をエアラインと旅客から構成される完全競争市場であると仮定し, モデル化を行った. さらに, 旅客需要はネットワークのサービスレベルに応じて弾力的に変化する需要変動型とした. 次に2010年におけるアジア~太平洋~欧州路線にモデルを適用し, 需要予測を行うと同時に, 成田, 関西両空港における空港容量拡張の影響を検討した. その結果, 空港容量の拡張により, ハブ機能を強化することが可能であることを示した.
著者
篠崎 真枝 大橋 ゆかり
出版者
公益社団法人 日本理学療法士協会
雑誌
理学療法学Supplement Vol.42 Suppl. No.2 (第50回日本理学療法学術大会 抄録集)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.1982, 2015 (Released:2015-04-30)

【はじめに,目的】理学療法教育において,臨床実習は,学内教育と臨床現場をつなぐ重要な教育過程である。同時に,これまで学習してきた現象を体験し,理学療法士という専門職の魅力を感じる再考の機会である。本研究では,総合臨床実習後の感想より,学生が臨床実習をどのように振り返り,理学療法士についてどう捉えたかを検討することとした。また,長期臨床実習は1期,2期と実習施設を変えて2回実施する。1期目の経験を踏まえて2期目の実習指導がなされることが多いが,それぞれの実習目標の設定な明確ではない。そのため,本研究では,1期と2期での学生の学びの特徴についても検討し,目標設定に繋げることを目的とした。【方法】4年次に実施する総合臨床実習は7週間を2回行う。1期目,2期目終了後に臨床実習を振り返って内省し,次への自分自身の課題や目標を考える手段として臨床実習感想を作成している。本研究は4年生37名を対象にし,研究目的での感想文の利用に同意を得られたものを分析対象とした。感想文をすべてテキスト形式にデータ化し,語句の整理を行った後,KH Coder.2.Xを用いて分析した。KH Coderは,内容分析の考え方を基盤として開発された計量テキスト分析のためのフリーソフトウェアである。1期と2期での学生の学びの違いについて分析するため,各期終了後の感想でデータ全体に比して高い確率で出現する特徴語を抽出し,語句と語句の結びつきを示す共起ネットワークを作成し,各期の特徴を分析した。さらに,臨床実習の経験により,学生が理学療法士をどのように捉えたかを検討するために,理学療法士を示す語句はすべてPTとしてまとめ,「PT」という語句と結びつきを示す語句について抽出した。【結果】感想から得られたテキストデータ全体では,1195文章数,39514語句数からなり,2319種類の語句が分析対象として抽出された。1期の感想では643文章数,2期は552文章数から成った。各期のテキストデータを特徴づける30語を比較すると,1期は「コミュニケーション」「関係-築き」という情意面に関する語句が抽出された。また,「分かる-変化-気づく」といった長期間の臨床実習で得られる症例の反応の変化に関する語句がみられた。「アプローチ-難しい」「不足-技術」という理学療法介入での困難を示す語句がみられた。さらに,共起ネットワークでは,「不安」「緊張」「反省」という語句も示された。一方,2期では「リハビリテーション」「生活」という広い視点で理学療法に取り組む姿勢を示す語句が抽出された。「PT」を含む文章は全体で110あり,これらと結びつきを示す特徴語を抽出した。今回は理学療法士のイメージを検討するため,分析対象は名詞,形容詞,形容動詞とした。共起関係により結びつきの高い語句として抽出された13語は,「患者」「介入」「生活」「治療」「自分」「病院」「実施」「実習施設」「実習指導者」「理学療法」「重要」「環境」「関係」であった。【考察】臨床実習後の感想を計量テキスト分析したところ,1期と2期で総合臨床実習という経験の振り返りで出現する語句から,学生の捉え方や学びの傾向の違いが示された。1期では経験を次の臨床実習へ繋げるという意味でも「難しい」「不足」「反省」から自らの課題を明確にしようとする傾向がみられた。また,1期でコミュニケーションに関連する語句が抽出され,臨床の場面で患者や実習指導者とのコミュニケーションや関係づくりの難しさや重要性を学んでいた。1期では,初めての長期臨床実習に対し,「不安」「緊張」を示す語句もみられ,学生の不安感の高さが伺えた。コミュニケーションに対しては臨床実習前に状況を想定したシミュレーションなどを通して,準備を行う必要性が示唆された。2期では,2回の臨床実習を総括し,「生活」「リハビリテーション」という広い視点で考える必要性を感じたと考えらえる。理学療法士像については,「患者の生活に介入する」ということと,それを実行するために必要となる「環境」や「関係」の重要性が認識されていたと考える。【理学療法学研究としての意義】本研究より,臨床実習での経験について,学生の振り返りの傾向が明らかとなった。また,各期の学びの特徴も示され,それぞれの実習目標設定や臨床実習前の準備に活用し,今後の臨床実習展開へ繋げることができた。
著者
三浦 衛 酒井 修二 石井 純平 山尾 創輔 伊藤 康一 青木 孝文
出版者
一般社団法人 映像情報メディア学会
雑誌
映像情報メディア学会誌 (ISSN:13426907)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.68, no.4, pp.J135-J143, 2014 (Released:2014-03-25)
参考文献数
31

A method is presented for measuring accurate and dense 3D shapes of an object from two views captured with a moving consumer digital camera. Since existing 3D measurement systems require special and expensive measurement equipment such as laser scanners or technical knowledge such as camera calibration, it is difficult for ordinary consumers to use existing systems practically in their daily life. An easy-to-use 3D measurement system was achieved by using a Structure from Motion algorithm based on feature matching to estimate camera parameters and area-based matching to determine an accurate and dense correspondence. Experiments demonstrated that the proposed method makes it possible to measure a 3D shape with accuracy comparable to that of a laser scanner.
著者
河村 悠太 楠見 孝
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.86, no.1, pp.21-31, 2015 (Released:2015-04-25)
参考文献数
34
被引用文献数
1

Advertisements for charity generally employ one of two advertising strategies. The first appeals to the efficacy of support, while the second appeals to the necessity of support. Two experiments investigated the effect of each type of charity advertising on donations and on donors’ explicit and implicit evaluations of the recipients. The results indicated that although participants’ explicit evaluations of charity recipients were not changed by efficacy-based advertising, they were negatively influenced by necessity-based advertising. Furthermore, Experiment 1 detected moderating effects of empathic concern. The explicit evaluations of participants in the necessity-based advertising group were negatively correlated with their empathic concern. Implicit evaluations were consistently negative in both groups. Both advertising strategies were more effective at securing donations than the control group, which did not use any strategies. These findings suggest practical implications for charity advertising.
著者
西澤 匡史 星出 聡 苅尾 七臣
出版者
公益財団法人 日本心臓財団
雑誌
心臓 (ISSN:05864488)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.46, no.5, pp.563-568, 2014 (Released:2015-05-15)
参考文献数
13
著者
Tsuyoshi T. SEKIYAMA Masaru KUNII Mizuo KAJINO Toshiki SHIMBORI
出版者
(公社)日本気象学会
雑誌
気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.93, no.1, pp.49-64, 2015 (Released:2015-03-18)
参考文献数
55
被引用文献数
1 34

We investigated the horizontal resolution dependence of atmospheric radionuclide (Cs-137) simulations of the Fukushima nuclear accident on March 15, 2011. We used Eulerian and Lagrangian transport models with low- (15-km), medium- (3-km), and high- (500-m) resolutions; both models were driven by the same meteorological analysis that was prepared by our data assimilation system (NHM-LETKF) for each horizontal resolution. This preparation was necessary for the resolution-dependent investigation, excluding any interpolation or averaging of meteorological fields. In the results, the 15-km grid analysis could not reproduce Fukushima’s mountainous topography in detail, and consequently failed to depict a complex wind structure over mountains and valleys. In reality, the Cs-137 plume emitted from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) was mostly blocked by Mt. Azuma and other mountains along the Naka-dori valley after crossing over Abukuma Mountains on March 15, 2011. However, the 15-km grid simulations could not represent the blockage of the Cs-137 plume, which unnaturally spread through the Naka-dori valley. In contrast, the 3-km and 500-m grid simulations produced very similar Cs-137 concentrations and depositions, and successfully produced the plume blockage and deposition along the Naka-dori valley. In conclusion, low-resolution (15-km grid or greater) atmospheric models should be avoided for assessing the Fukushima nuclear accident when a regional analysis is needed. Meanwhile, it is reasonable to use 3-km grid models instead of 500-m grid models due to their similarities and the high computational burden of 500-m grid model simulations.
著者
座馬 耕一郎
出版者
日本霊長類学会
雑誌
霊長類研究 (ISSN:09124047)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.29.017, (Released:2013-12-13)
参考文献数
107
被引用文献数
2 2

The relationship between primates and lice is discussed. Lice are ectoparasites that live on the body surface of mammals and, in contrast to ticks and fleas, do not leave the host during their life cycle. Host mammals may experience adverse effects from lice, such as anemia and skin irritation. Moreover, lice are vectors of infectious diseases; for example, human lice (Pediculus humanus) transmit the epidemic typhus pathogen between humans (Homo sapiens). DDT virtually eliminated human lice in several countries after World War II. Early Japanese primatologists who began research during this period had little interest in the relationship between primates and lice. Primates groom each other to remove lice, ticks, and small objects. Prosimians use their lower incisors to groom, similar to rodents and African antelopes, whereas anthropoids, which have a retinal fovea with high visual acuity and functional fingers that allow them to find and pick small ectoparasites from the body surface, groom using their hands and mouth. Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata) and lice (Pedicinus obtusus, P. eurygaster) have an entwined host-parasite and predator-prey relationship. Lice lay nits on monkeys, who are hosts, in areas where hair growth is dense because the hair conceals nits from the monkeys, who are their predators. Monkeys remove and eat nits according to nit density. Given the high intrinsic rate of natural increase in lice, monkeys need to groom daily. This necessity may explain why monkeys live with grooming partners making social groups. The development of simplified techniques to estimate louse infection in primates will advance the study of socioecological models and lice infection dynamics in primate metapopulations.
著者
長橋 良隆 里口 保文 吉川 周作
出版者
一般社団法人 日本地質学会
雑誌
地質学雑誌 (ISSN:00167630)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.106, no.1, pp.51-69, 2000-01-15 (Released:2008-04-11)
参考文献数
71
被引用文献数
27 59

本州中央部の3層の鮮新-更新世火砕流堆積物と広域火山灰層の対比と噴出年代の推定は, それらの層位的関係, 層相, 古地磁気方位, 鉱物組成や火山ガラスおよび斜方輝石の屈折率・化学組成, 層序学的年代資料に基づいて行われた.穂高-Kd 39テフラは約1.76 Maに噴出し, 火砕流噴出に伴うco-ignimbrite ashを形成した.恵比須峠-福田テフラは約1.75 Maに噴出し, stage 1の水蒸気プリニー式噴火による降下火山灰の形成, stage 2(前期)の降下軽石・火砕流の噴出と降下火山灰の形成, stage 2(後期)の火砕流噴出に伴うco-ignimbrite ashの形成, stage 3の噴火活動終了後に再堆積した火山砕屑性堆積物に分けられる.大峰-SK 110テフラは約1.65 Maに噴出し, stage 1の火砕流噴出, stage 2の噴火活動の休止期, stage 3の火砕流噴出とその火砕流が新潟堆積盆に直接流入した火山砕屑性堆積物および火砕流噴出に伴うco-ignimbrite ashの形成に分けられる.
著者
飯森 正秀
出版者
Japan Oil Chemists' Society
雑誌
油化学 (ISSN:18842003)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.2, pp.91-94, 1971-02-20 (Released:2009-11-10)
参考文献数
2

Studies of the adsorption of detergents (LAS and ABS) on skin, nail and hide powder in various pH, and the dermatological effect of LAS on human skin by immersion and patch-test were carried out.Higher detergent adsorption onto human skin was observed when treated in acidic detergent solution, which indicated there might exist some correlation between detergent adsorption and pH of the solution. Clinical test showed no dermatological side-effect on human skin due to detergent adsorption.
著者
相磯 和嘉
出版者
Japan Oil Chemists' Society
雑誌
油化学 (ISSN:18842003)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.7, pp.327-334, 1962-07-20 (Released:2009-09-16)
参考文献数
30
著者
Chih-Hsiu Cheng Hao-Tsung Su Ling-Wei Yen Wen-Yu Liu Hsin-Yi Kathy Cheng
出版者
理学療法科学学会
雑誌
Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.4, pp.1271-1276, 2015 (Released:2015-04-30)
参考文献数
15
被引用文献数
4 30

[Purpose] Nonspecific neck pain is a common musculoskeletal disease. Therapeutic exercise has been shown to improve pain and disability in short-term and midterm follow-ups. This study performed a literature review of the long-term effects of therapeutic exercise on subjects with nonspecific chronic neck pain. [Subjects and Methods] The databases of the CINAHL, MEDLINE, PEDro and PubMed were used. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) published from January 2000 to January 2014 and explicitly including a one-year follow-up were identified. [Results] Only six articles were included in this review. They had scores of 5 to 8 points on the PEDro scale, and the level of evidence was grade I. The study results show that the main exercises used were cervical strengthening and endurance training exercise. Short-term exercises (10 to 12 weeks) helped to improve the body function, structure, activity and participation immediately after the intervention, but not at the long-term follow-up. On the other hand, long-term interventions (1 year) resulted in improvements in body function and structure at the 3 year follow-up. [Conclusion] The results of the six high-quality studies suggest that long-term exercise have long-term benefits for patients with nonspecific neck pain in terms of body function and structure.
著者
平川 純
出版者
社団法人 日本写真学会
雑誌
日本写真学会誌 (ISSN:03695662)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, no.2, pp.94-97, 1997-04-25 (Released:2011-08-11)

魚眼レンズの射影方式に従うズームレンズを開発した。射影方式を工夫することにより簡単な構成で180度に及ぶ広画角のズームレンズを提供することが出来る。
著者
Seung Hwa Lee Jeong Hoon Yang Seung-Hyuk Choi Young Bin Song Joo-Yong Hahn Jin-Ho Choi Wook Sung Kim Young Tak Lee Hyeon-Cheol Gwon
出版者
日本循環器学会
雑誌
Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.CJ-15-0041, (Released:2015-05-28)
参考文献数
30
被引用文献数
3 11

Background:Limited data are available on the clinical outcomes of medical therapy (MT) compared with revascularization in elderly patients with coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO).Methods and Results:Between March 2003 and February 2012, we retrospectively analyzed 311 patients aged ≥75 years in the Samsung Medical Center CTO registry. Among these, 153 patients were treated with MT and 158 patients with revascularization by intervention or surgery. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) and propensity score-matching were performed. The primary outcome was cardiac death during follow-up. Median follow-up duration was 34 (interquartile range: 15–58) months. Overall, patients in the MT group were high-risk subjects. Cardiac death of 30 patients (19.6%) occurred in the MT group vs. 17 patients (10.8%) in revascularization group (P=0.027). In the multivariate analysis, there was no significant difference between groups in the rate of cardiac death (hazard ratio [HR], 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86–3.24, P=0.13). After adjustment with IPTW, MT showed comparable risk of cardiac death with revascularization therapy (HR, 1.26; 95% CI, 0.71–2.21, P=0.43). In the propensity score-matched population, there was no significant difference in the rate of cardiac death between the MT and revascularization groups (HR, 1.52; 95% CI, 0.76–3.07, P=0.24).Conclusions:In the treatment of CTO in elderly patients, MT alone did not increase the risk of long-term cardiac death when compared with aggressive revascularization treatment.
著者
松森 晶子
出版者
日本言語学会
雑誌
言語研究 (ISSN:00243914)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1989, no.95, pp.120-143, 1989-03-25 (Released:2010-11-26)
参考文献数
15

According to early autosegmental treatments of pitch-accent languages, such as Goldsmith (1976), Haraguchi (1977, 1978, 1979), each pitch-accent language has a finite number of Basic Tone Melodies, and tones are mapped to tone bearing units with regard to the universal convention known as the Well Formedness Condition. Rather than the concept of Basic Tone Melody, the present paper, basically continuing on from the idea given by Pulleyblank (1983), suggests that each tone is introduced to the tonal tier, one by one, by tonal rules. The correlative assumption of this approach is that tones are not automatically associated to tone bearing units by the Well Formedness Condition, but mapped to them only if specified by a particular association rule.The ultimate purpose of this study is to develop a type of approach to Japanese pitch-accent systems that incorporates recent developments in the autosegmental theory of other tonal and pitch-accent languages. Based on the notions such as floating tone, extratonality, etc., this paper presents a theory of tonal rules, which aims to explain all the varieties of Japanese pitch-accent systems, whereby all predictable information is not included by underlying phonological entries, but rather is ultimately supplied by a finite number of parameters.
著者
Nobuhiko Mori Hiroshi Horino Akiyoshi Matsugi Noriyuki Kamata Koichi Hiraoka
出版者
理学療法科学学会
雑誌
Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.5, pp.1287-1290, 2015 (Released:2015-05-26)
参考文献数
22
被引用文献数
4

[Purpose] We investigated the effect of rhythmic ankle movement on the contralateral soleus H-reflex. The H-reflex was evoked from the right soleus muscle. [Subjects and Methods] Healthy humans rhythmically moved the left ankle (movement condition) or held the left ankle stationary (stationary condition) at one of three positions corresponding to the ankle positions at which the H-reflex was evoked in the movement condition. The background electromyographic amplitude in the right soleus muscle was maintained at 10% of the maximum voluntary contraction level, and that in the right tibialis anterior muscle was matched between the stationary and movement conditions. [Results] The soleus H-reflex was suppressed throughout all phases of contralateral rhythmic ankle movement. [Conclusion] Rhythmic movement of the contralateral joint suppresses the H-reflex in the muscle that is the prime mover of the joint homologous to the rhythmically moving joint. This inhibitory mechanism may be activated during unilateral rhythmic movement to isolate the motor control of the moving ankle from that of the contralateral stationary ankle.