著者
鈴木 亮 中川 哲彦 水口 裕之 今津 進 中西 剛 中川 晋作 中西 真人 早川 尭夫 真弓 忠範
出版者
日本DDS学会
雑誌
Drug Delivery System (ISSN:09135006)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.13, no.2, pp.87-93, 1998-03-10 (Released:2009-01-21)
参考文献数
20
被引用文献数
1 1

It is necessary to develop a more efficient gene expression system for gene therapy. A plasmid DNA, using eukaryoic or mammalian promoters, requires to localize into nuclear for gene expression. However, it is difficult to entry into nuclear, because nuclear pore size is not sufficient against the size of plasmid DNA. In this study, to develop a novel cytoplasmic gene expression system that dose not require nuclear localization of plasmid DNA to transcription, we examined the characterization of T7 cytoplasmic gene expression system. When co-transfected with pT7-IRES-L(luciferase expression plasmid containing T7 promoter) and T7 RNA polymerase into LLCMK2 cells, the gene expression of pT7-IRES-L was observed rapidly within 6hr after transfection and significant level of luciferase activity was detected. In contrast, pRSVL, a common plasmid DNA consist of luciferase expression plasmid and Rous sarcoma virus promoter, required 24-48hr for induction of gene expression. The gene expression level of the T7 system was enhanced with an increase in the amount of T7 RNA polymerase. To increase and prolong the gene expression, a plasmid DNA(pT7 AUTO-2) which contained the T7 RNA polymerase gene driven by the T7 promoter was co-transfected with pT7-IRES-L and T7 RNA polymerase. The plasmid DNA(pT7 AUTO-2) dose-dependently enhanced the luciferase gene expression by pT7-IRES-L and T7 RNA polymerase. In addition, we attempted to optimize the cytoplasmic gene expression system. The optimal ratio for co-transfection of pT7-IRES-L and pT7 AUTO-2 was 1 to 3 (mole ratio). These results suggest that T7 gene expression system may be useful in many gene therapies where transient but rapid efficient gene expression is required.
著者
関西 剛康
出版者
公益社団法人 日本造園学会
雑誌
ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.84, no.5, pp.453-458, 2021-03-31 (Released:2021-06-16)
参考文献数
54

The purpose of this study is to elucidate the view of gardens held by Ashikaga Takauji and his younger brother Tadayoshi, members of the Ashikaga shogun clan who played active roles in Kyoto Prefecture in the early Muromachi period. Takauji used his residential garden for mingling with Zen priests, but not for hosting poetry meetings, which was one of the Japanese dynastic customs. His younger brother Tadayoshi, however, started to hold such events as poetry meetings at the garden of his residence, known as Sanjobo-montei, offering a place to the aristocratic class called Kuge, the military nobility known as Buke, and Zen priests so that they could mingle with one another. This suggests that it is Ashikaga Tadayoshi who began the custom of using residential and other gardens for the Japanese dynastic culture. The Ashikaga brothers used the gardens of other places than their residences, such as Tenryu-ji Temple and Saiho-ji Temple, for communicating with various people, including the Emperor and Zen priests. The Ashikaga brothers organized events for the dynastic culture and Zen Buddhism at such gardens, making cross-cultural communication between the Kuge aristocratic class, the Buke military nobility, and Zen priests catch on with these three circles.
著者
阿部 匠 山田 康司 西 剛秀
出版者
公益社団法人 有機合成化学協会
雑誌
有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.78, no.6, pp.597-607, 2020-06-01 (Released:2020-06-12)
参考文献数
80
被引用文献数
6 8

C3-Nucleophilic substitution of indoles has been limited because the transformation requires an umpolung of the C3 position of indoles. Among the indole derivatives, indole-2,3-epoxides could be potentially be used as C3-electrophilic reagents due to the electrophilic nature of the C2 and C3 positions. However, their use as C3 electrophilic reagents has not been possible so far due to their instability.We describe a novel and bench stable surrogate of indole-2,3-epoxide, 2-hydroxyindoline-3-triethylammonium bromide (HITAB), which was found to be a convenient reagent for formal C3-electrophilic reactions of indoles with nucleophiles. By taking advantage of the nucleophilic character of the oxygen of the 2-hydroxyindoline, interrupted retro-Claisen and interrupted Feist-Bénary reactions with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, one-pot formation of furodiindolines from 3-substituted indoles were achieved. Furthermore, we developed a novel cascade reaction of the indole-2,3-epoxide surrogate with γ-carbolines to access multiheterocyclic compounds containing both isotryptamines and pyrimido[1,6-a]indoles. This reaction utilizes the in situ formation of a bulky quaternary ammonium salt via ammonium exchange, which undergoes Hofmann elimination/vinylogous Mannich/retro-Mannich/cyclization cascade sequences. The synthetic potential of the ammonium salts was demonstrated by the short synthesis of cryptolepine, iheyamine A, racemocine B derivative, and neocryptolepine derivative.
著者
関西 剛康
出版者
公益社団法人 日本造園学会
雑誌
ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.69, no.5, pp.687-690, 2006 (Released:2007-11-13)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
2 2

After the Onin civil war (1467-77) in the mid-Muromachi era, Zen temples were restored comprehensively, from buildings and rooms, to gardens, which is the background of the dry landscape garden. The objective of this study is to explore the methods for producing the scenic composition of dry landscape gardens, which were developed mainly in the Zen sect. In order to study these production methods, the authors delved into the shoin style of architecture accompanied with dry landscape gardens, the characteristics of the rooms inside the buildings, how landscape paintings of Zen art that were developed to ornament the rooms were produced, and what kinds of characteristics are possessed by the pictoral composition of the landscape paintings. As a result, it was analogized that the similarities between dry landscape gardens and landscape paintings are not only the subject matter but also the characteristics of their components.
著者
矢沢 代四郎 田中 寛 片岡 英幸 北西 剛 大脇 成広 佐伯 満男
出版者
Japan Society for Equilibrium Research
雑誌
Equilibrium Research (ISSN:03855716)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, no.6, pp.496-504, 1995 (Released:2009-06-05)
参考文献数
11

Two cases of horizontal eye movements disorders due to pontine lesions are reported and their clinical symptoms described. Case 1, a 52-year-old female, showed right lateral gaze paralysis together with right facial paralysis, vestibular dysfunction and scanning speech after surgery on an epidermoid cyst in the 4th ventricle. Case 2, a 56-year-old female, displayed right lateral gaze paralysis combined with right facial paralysis, vestibular dysfunction, right deafness and left hemiplegia following pontine hemorrhage. The right lateral gaze paralysis of both cases were analyzed and speculated to have resulted from combined disorders of the right abducens nucleus, the right PPRF (paramedian pontine reticular formation) and the right MLF (medial longitudinal fasciculus) in the pontine tegmentum.
著者
黒澤 俊 羽生 剛 小西 剛 野中 勝利 楠見 浩二 松田 大 北島 宣
出版者
京都大学農学部附属農場
巻号頁・発行日
no.20, pp.33-34, 2011 (Released:2013-10-08)

マルチング資材であるタイベックシートは,ミカン栽培では果実品質向上を目的として全国的に広く利用されているが,落葉果樹類での利用はあまり進んでいない。しかし,その特性からブドウ,カキ等の落葉果樹でもこの資材を利用することで光合成量の増加による糖度の上昇,反射光および樹冠下の温度環境の改善による着色促進効果が期待できると考えられる。そこで本研究では,タイベック素材の農業資材(タイベックシートおよび同素材で作られたブドウ傘)を用いたブドウの高品質果実生産技術の開発を試みた。その結果,非透水性タイベックシートとタイベック傘の併用により糖度が上昇することが明らかとなった。また,これらの併用により収穫期が促進されることも示唆された。これらの結果から,タイベック素材の農業資材を利用することで高品質果実生産が可能であり,しかも現在よりも出荷時期を早めることができる可能性が示唆された。
著者
黒澤 俊 松本 大生 小西 剛 野中 勝利 楠見 浩二 松田 大 北島 宣
出版者
京都大学農学部附属農場
雑誌
京大農場報告 = Bulletin of the Experimental Farm, Kyoto University (ISSN:09150838)
巻号頁・発行日
no.22, pp.25-26, 2013-12

西南暖地で、無核短梢剪定栽培を行った場合に着色不良が問題となる四倍体ブドウ品種'巨峰'について,プラスチック製結束バンドを利用した結果枝の結縛処理の処理部位と処理時期の違いが果粒品質の及ぼす影響を調査した。調査の結果,いずれの処理も果粒サイズに影響を与えないこと,ベレーゾーン期1ヶ月前に節間に処理した場合には有意に糖度が高くなることが明らかとなった。また,ベレーゾーン期2週間以前の処理は,有意ではないものの,糖度や果皮色を改善する傾向にあることが示唆された。
著者
鈴木 幹男 北西 剛 山名 高世 北野 博也 矢澤 代四郎 北嶋 和智
出版者
Japan Otological Society
雑誌
Otology Japan (ISSN:09172025)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.8, no.5, pp.526-530, 1998-12-25 (Released:2011-06-17)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
1

Several point mutations of mitochondrial DNA have recently been identified as a cause of hearing loss. In Japan, there are considerable number of patients with A-to-G mutations at nucleotide position 3243 and at 1555. We investigated the prevalence of these mutations in patients with hearing loss using polymerase chain reaction method (PCR). We identified 3243 point mutation in 2 of 72 patients (2.8%) and 1555 point mutation in one of 57 patients (1.8%). The clinical neuro-otologic findings in patients with point mutations were consistent with those previously reported. The number of patients examined was composed of 9% of a total in our outpatient clinic. Therefore, we estimated 0.4% of patients in our clinic have a point mutation at nucleotide position 3243 or 1555.
著者
中西 剛司 一ノ瀬 幸裕 窪 誠也
出版者
日本高圧力学会
雑誌
高圧力の科学と技術 (ISSN:0917639X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.4, pp.377-381, 2010 (Released:2010-12-11)
参考文献数
10

We describe a simple setup to observe H2O ice VI single crystals under high pressure by using transparent Bridgman anvils with a compact hydraulic oil cylinder. It is confirmed that growth and melting of the ice VI single crystal was clearly observed as reported in diamond anvil cell experiments. Furthermore, this setup allows students starting to learn high pressure experiments to understand the opposed anvil technique because the anvils are not only easy to manipulate but also visible even when pressure is generated.
著者
片岡 圭子 小西 剛 西川 浩次
出版者
京都大学農学部附属農場
雑誌
京大農場報告 (ISSN:09150838)
巻号頁・発行日
no.10, pp.7-12, 2001-03
被引用文献数
2

大阪府高槻市古曽部町のシクラメンを栽培中のガラス温室(約93.8m2)に細霧冷房装置を導入し,夏季の冷房効果について検討した.温室内は二重遮光を行い,ノズル数は29個,5分間おきに1分間噴霧,3分間おき1分間噴霧および無噴霧の処理を設けた.2000年8月5日から8月17日の期間において,外気温および室内気温を30秒間隔で測定し,午前10時から午後4時までの間の平均気温を比較したところ,外気温よりも,5分間おき1分間噴霧で約2℃,3分間おき1分間噴霧で約3℃の室内気温の低下が認められた.無噴霧では外気温との差はほとんど認められなかった.7月14日から8月31日の期間について,細霧冷房を導入した2000年と細霧冷房未導入であった前年(1999年)との平均気温を比較したところ,約0.8℃の冷房効果が認められた.シクラメンの生育は前年までよりも良好で,出荷期の前進が認められた.病虫害の増加は認められなかった.
著者
中西 剛
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.127, no.3, pp.491-500, 2007 (Released:2007-03-01)
参考文献数
38
被引用文献数
2 8

Rodent models have great utility for evaluating the potential of environmental chemicals to alter human reproductive development. However, animal studies have some problems of species differences in extrapolating to human developmental toxicity induced by xenobiotics, because the placental endocrine functions in particular vary considerably among different species. For example, estrogen biosynthesis during pregnancy in humans is much different from that in rodents. In humans, ovarian function gradually declines after fertilization, as the placenta becomes the primary site of estrogen biosynthesis during pregnancy. In contrast to the process in humans, the ovary (not the placenta) is the main source of estrogen during pregnancy in rodents, because the placenta of rodents does not express the catalytic enzymes for estrogen biosynthesis, such as aromatase. The regulation of estrogen biosynthesis in the placenta is very important for human embryos because altering placental function can cause permanent effects on embryos. It has been suggested that rodents are therefore unsuitable for evaluating the potential effects of xenobiotics on the human reproductive system and developmental toxicity induced by the alteration of placental endocrine functions. Consequently, there is an urgent need to establish effective tools to evaluate the in vivo reproductive and developmental toxicity of environmental contaminants that disrupt the placental endocrine functions, including maintenance of local estrogen concentrations in the placenta. To resolve the problems, in this review we propose using transgenic mice, in which the transgene is controlled by placental-specific promoters, and local transgene systems into the placenta using viral vectors.
著者
大西 剛
出版者
東京大学
雑誌
若手研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2006

本研究計画では1)単結晶基板表面上の分子層ステップの形状と密度を制御した上で、2)ヘテロエピタキシーと電界効果トランジスターへの応用、そして3)界面修飾による低次元導電層の形成を行う予定であった。テンプレートとなるSrTiO_3単結晶基板表面の分子層ステップの密度を制御する上で必要なSrTiO_3ホモエピタキシーをPLDにて行うに当たり、レーザーによる原料蒸発時にSr/Ti比がずれることが明らかとなると共に、それが分子層ステップの形状(ファセットの有無)を支配することがわかった。理想的なホモエピタキシーにはアブレーション条件を正確に制御し、Sr/Ti比が1となるようにすることが必要である。次に、そうして得たホモエピタキシャル薄膜が堆積された基板がなぜか導電性になってしまうことがわかった。これは真空中のPLDによるSrTiO_3薄膜の堆積によって、堆積した薄膜はもとより基板が酸素欠損していることに寄ることを突き止めた。詳細な実験の結果、導電性は酸素欠損した薄膜よりも酸素欠損した基板が担っており、薄膜が基板から酸素を引き抜いていることによることがわかった。この現象は酸化物薄膜であれば堆積する材料にはあまり寄らず、真空中でPLDによって薄膜を形成する際に避けられない現象であることがわかった。このSrTiO_3基板からの酸素の引き抜きをアブレーション条件、酸素分圧、基板温度を制御することで液体He温度で40,000cm^2V^<-1>s^<-1>を超える高移動度2次元導電層が作製できることがわかった。またこれらの導電性を表面形状を崩さすに消し去るには大気中での低温アニールが有効であることを突き止めた。