著者

Kishino Shigenobu Takeuchi Michiki Park Si-Bum Hirata Akiko Kitamura Nahoko Kunisawa Jun Kiyono Hiroshi Iwamoto Ryo Isobe Yosuke Arita Makoto Arai Hiroyuki Ueda Kazumitsu Shima Jun Takahashi Satomi Yokozeki Kenzo Shimizu Sakayu Ogawa Jun

出版者

National Academy of Sciences

雑誌

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (ISSN:10916490)

巻号頁・発行日

2013-10-14

被引用文献数

287

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腸内細菌の脂肪酸代謝を解明 -腸内細菌と食事のバランスによる生活習慣病予防への新たな視点-. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-10-15.

著者

TIAN Li KAMATA Sei-ichiro TSUNEYOSHI Kazuyuki TANG Haijiang

出版者

一般社団法人電子情報通信学会

雑誌

IEICE transactions on information and systems (ISSN:09168532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.89, no.1, pp.290-297, 2006-01-01

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

10

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To find the best transformation between a "model" point set and an "image" point set is the main purpose of point pattern matching. The similarity measure plays a pivotal role and is used to determine the degree of resemblance between two objects. Although some well-known Hausdorff distance measures work well for this task, they are very computationally expensive and suffer from the noise points. In this paper, we propose a novel similarity measure using the Hilbert curve named Hilbert scanning distance (HSD) to resolve the problems. This method computes the distance measure in the one-dimensional (1-D) sequence instead of in the two-dimensional (2-D) space, which greatly reduces the computational complexity. By applying a threshold elimination function, large distance values caused by noise and position errors (e.g. those that occur with feature or edge extraction) are removed. The proposed algorithm has been applied to the task of matching edge maps with noise. The experimental results show that HSD can provide sufficient information for image matching within low computational complexity. We believe this sets a new direction for the research of point pattern recognition.

著者

Wu Chun-Chieh Bender Morris A. Kurihara Yoshio

出版者

社団法人日本気象学会

雑誌

Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan. Ser. II (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.6, pp.777-788, 2000-12-25

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

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GFDLにおいて開発されたハリケーンモデルをAVN及びNOGAPS全球解析のそれぞれと結合して、台風予報システムGFDSとGFDNがつくられた。GFDSシステムは、1995(1996)年に16(24)個の台風について、125(178)例の予報実験を行い、台風経路の予報で非常に良い成績を示した。12、24、36、48及び72時間後の予報位置の平均誤差は、1995(1996)年の場合、95(108)、146(178)、193(227)、249(280)及び465(480)kmである。CLIPER予報と比べると、約30%の精度向上となった。平均誤差と同時に誤差の標準偏差も減少したが, これは、低緯度では進路が北に偏る傾向があるものの、GFDSの予報精度と信頼度の高さを示すものである。一方、台風強度の予報は満足出来るものではなく、大西洋における誤差と同様に、弱い(強い)台風を実際よりも強く(弱く)予報し過ぎる傾向がみられた。1996年には二組の予報システム(GFDSとGFDN)で同時に予報が行われたので、二組の台風位置予報を比較した。台風の予報位置の誤差は、距離については両者は大体同程度であったが、それぞれの予報位置には、異なった方向に系統的に偏る傾向(系統的偏差、場所に依存する)が認められた。その結果、二つの予報の平均をとると、それぞれの予報にくらべて予報誤差が10%減少した。予報の向上は、それぞれの予報を系統的偏差で修正する補足実験でも認められた。系統的偏差は定常ではないが、それを熱帯低気圧の予報精度向上に役立てることができるかもしれない。

著者

Chang-Peng YANG Zhi-Rong NONG Jian-Lin LU Lu LU Jian-Shou XU Yun-Zhe HAN Ying-Jie LI Shuji FUJITA

出版者

社団法人 日本食品科学工学会

雑誌

Food Science and Technology Research (ISSN:13446606)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.75-78, 2004 (Released:2007-05-18)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

2 10

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Occurrence of polyphenol oxidase (PPO, o-diphenol: oxygen oxidoreductase, EC.1.10.3.1) in the fruits of nine cultivars of banana (Musa spp.) commercially cultivated in China was investigated. All banana fruits peel and pulp tested had PPO activity, and all PPO strongly oxidized dopamine and 3-hydroxytyramine (tyramine). However, very weak and/or no oxidative activity was recognized on such trihydroxybenzenes as phloroglucinol and gallic acid. Similar substrate specificity of PPOs toward phenolic compounds was detected in the pulp and peel of all banana cultivars tested. The specific PPO activities toward dopamine for pulp were between 5.11 and 25.72, and those of peel were between 6.75 and 26.86 units/mg protein. However, PPO activities toward dopamine in the pulp and peel of AAA and AA genome group bananas were higher than those of ABB and AAB groups. The changes of pulp and peel PPO activities during fruit development were also determined in the three banana cultivars. During this development a remarkable decrement in pulp and peel PPO activities was found in all banana cultivars used.

著者

中島 秀人 MORENO-PENARANDA Raquel MORENO-PENARANDA Raqouel

出版者

東京工業大学

雑誌

特別研究員奨励費

巻号頁・発行日

2009

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世界中の都市で人口が急増し、都市の面積が拡大している。都市外の生物多様性は犠牲となり、生物多様性の喪失や温室効果ガスの排出など、地球環境問題を悪化させている。食物を供給し、洪水やヒートアイランド効果を抑え、地域の福利に不可欠な物資やサービスを提供する、生態系の能力は見落とされている。近年になってようやく、ローカルおよびグローバルな観点から、地域の食システムを(再)構築する都市農業の潜在性が注目されるようになった。当研究は、日本の都市農業が持続性や福利にどの程度貢献しているかを検証し、また、都市農業と林業・漁業の繋がり、さらにはこれに対する地域、国、国際的ガバナンスの影響を検証した。日本は、都市圏で国内農業生産の1/4以上を供給する高度先進国であり、グローバルな持続可能性に貢献すると同時に、地域の農業の生態学的、社会経済的恩恵を得ている珍しい事例である。この研究では、持続可能な自然資源管理について、フィールド調査を中心として分析を加え、社会や生態系に関する学際的な理解を深めた。具体的には、生態系サービスと生物多様性を高める都市農業の生態系上の役割を調査し、それが都市のエコロジカルフットプリントをどの程度軽減するかを分析した。以上のコアプロジェクトに加えて、インドネシアにおけるバイオ燃料作物の持続可能性の研究、日本では、石川県金沢市の生物多様性について広範囲な調査を行い、沖縄では、沿岸地域の暮らしの影響評価にも関わった。具体的には、石油流出による沖縄の生物影響評価を利害関係者の認識の観点から調査し、インドネシアでは、パーム油拡大による生態学的、社会経済的影響についてのフィールド調査を実施した。

著者

Yu-Ming Chi Motoyuki Nakamura Toyokichi Yoshizawa Xi-Ying Zhao Wen-Mei Yan Fumio Hashimoto Junei Kinjo Toshihiro Nohara Shinobu Sakurada

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.10, pp.1989-1991, 2005 (Released:2005-10-01)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

14 24

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To determine the antinociceptive mechanism of incarvillateine (INCA), the opiate antagonists nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI), β-funaltrexamine (β-FNA) and naltrindole (NTI) were pretreated prior to its injection in a formalin test. The antinociceptive effect of INCA was antagonized by nor-BNI (κ-receptor antagonist) and β-FNA (μ-receptor antagonist), while NTI (δ-receptor antagonist) did not influence its effect. Furthermore, the antinociceptive effect of INCA was blocked by theophylline (THEO), an adenosine-receptor antagonist. These results suggested that the antinociceptive effect arose from the activation of μ-, κ-receptors and adenosine-receptor.

著者

Shih-Yi Lin Cheng-Li Lin Wu-Huei Hsu I-Kuan Wang Chiz-Chung Chang Chiu-Ching Huang Chia-Hung Kao Shu-Hui Liu Fung-Chang Sung

出版者

(公社)日本産業衛生学会

雑誌

Journal of Occupational Health (ISSN:13419145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3, pp.158-166, 2013 (Released:2013-10-04)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1 8

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Background: Physicians are frequently studied as a population that experiences extremely high stress, burnout, and prolonged working hours that might harm one's health. However, they have sound medical knowledge and have easy access to medical resources. We studied the incidence of cancer among Taiwanese physicians using a nationwide cohort study design. Methods: Data were obtained from the National Health Insurance (NHI) system in Taiwan. The physician cohort contained 22,309 physicians, and each physician was randomly frequency-matched according to age and sex with 4 people from the general population. Results: The overall incidence ratio of cancer was 27% lower in the physician cohort than in the nonphysician comparison cohort (33.9 vs. 46.5 people per 10,000 person-years, crude hazard ratio (HR)=0.73, 95% CI=0.70, 0.76). The adjusted HR was 0.78 (95% CI=0.72, 0.84). Female physicians experienced a higher incidence rate ratio of overall cancer, compared to male physicians (crude HR=1.17, 95% CI=1.03, 1.33 vs. crude HR=0.70, 95% CI=0.67, 0.74, respectively). Physicians were at a significantly higher risk of thyroid cancer (HR 1.75, 95% CI=1.14, 2.68), prostate cancer (HR=1.54, 95% CI=1.21, 1.97), breast cancer (HR=1.45, 95% CI=1.00, 2.09), and non-cervical gynecological cancer (HR=4.03, 95% CI=1.77, 9.17), compared with the general population. Conclusions: Physicians are at lower overall risk of cancer than the general population, apart from cancer of the thyroid, prostate, breast, and non-cervical gynecological cancer.(J Occup Health 2013; 55: 158–166)

著者

Shi-Xia ZHANG Hong-Bin WANG Jian-Tao ZHANG Nan ZHANG Long PAN

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.9, pp.1161-1166, 2013 (Released:2013-10-01)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1 10

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Colopexy was accomplished in eight healthy mixed-breed dogs by use of a 3-portal laparoscopic technique without major intraoperative and postoperative complications. A permanent adhesion between the colon and the abdominal wall was observed. Concentrations of acute-phase C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured in serum as a marker of systemic inflammation postoperatively, and no relevant increase in CRP concentrations was found.

著者

Son Trinh-Van Gina Kwon Keum Cheol Hwang Yong Bae Park

出版者

一般社団法人 電子情報通信学会

雑誌

IEICE Electronics Express (ISSN:13492543)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.17, pp.20130596-20130596, 2013-09-10 (Released:2013-09-10)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1

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A uniplanar, compact electromagnetic band-gap (UC-EBG) structure based on modified semi-Spidron fractal and meander-line strip (SFM-EBG) patterning is proposed. The semi-Spidron fractal geometry significantly increases the equivalent capacitance, whereas meander-line strips increase the equivalent inductance; as a result, the proposed design can be used to successfully miniaturize an EBG structure having a wide operating bandwidth. The measurement results show that a center frequency reduction of 32.14% as compared to that achieved by a conventional UC-EBG structure can be achieved by utilizing this proposed structure. The SFM-EBG structure has a measured operating bandwidth of 39.7% (3.33-4.98GHz), which is wider than that of a conventional UC-EBG (31%).

著者

Jean-François Vernay

出版者

Complicités

巻号頁・発行日

2013

著者

Tae-Ho CHUNG Hee-Dong KIM Young-Sun LEE Cheol-Yong HWANG

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-0223, (Released:2013-09-20)

被引用文献数

5 14

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Helicobacter spp. may have multiple routes of transmission. It is unclear, however, whether the agent is zoonotic and therefore transmitted from an animal reservoir, including dogs. The aim of this population-based study was to assess the relationship between pet ownership or frequent exposure to dogs and Helicobacter spp. infection, especially focusing on HHLO-2 (Helicobacter heilmannii-like organisms type 2) in saliva and feces samples in Korea, using non-invasive genus/species-specific PCR. One hundred twenty-four eligible human subjects and 39 dogs participated in this study. Relativity of contact with dogs and Helicobacter spp. infection diagnosed by genus-specific PCR showed a statistically significant result (P<0.01), but in the relativity analyses between contact with dogs and H. pylori, H. felis and H. bizzozeronii infections diagnosed using species-specific PCR, only Helicobacter felis showed a statistically significant result. Although H. pylori infection showed a statistically significant relativity, no statistically significant association was found between veterinarian subjects and Helicobacter. spp., H. felis and H. bizzozeronii infections. On performing risk factor analyses of HHLO-2 infection by transmission, using matching species, between HHLO-2-positive dog owners and HHLO-2-positive dogs, Helicobacter felis infection showed an extremely significant relativity (P<0.0001) and Helicobacter bizzozeronii may also be a possible significant risk factor (P<0.01). These results suggest that HHLO-2 infection might be a zoonotic infection, because continuous contact with dogs was proved to be correlated with human H. felis and H. bizzozeronii infections in this study.

著者

Krause Kerri-Lee クラウズ ケリー・リー

出版者

名古屋大学高等教育研究センター

雑誌

名古屋高等教育研究 (ISSN:13482459)

巻号頁・発行日

no.7, pp.301-319, 2007-03

著者

Wesley W. HSIAO Hsien-Shun LIAO Hsing-Hung LIN Yueh-Lun LEE Chia-Kwung FAN Chien-Wei LIAO Po-Yen LIN En-Te HWU Chia-Seng CHANG

出版者

(社)日本分析化学会

雑誌

Analytical Sciences (ISSN:09106340)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.9, pp.885-892, 2013-09-10 (Released:2013-09-10)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

4 12

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Toxocarosis is a zoonosis caused by the transmission of the Toxocara canis (T. canis) larvae to humans. Its infectious third-stage larvae can invade the brains of paratenic hosts. The resultant brain damage can result in cerebral toxocarosis (CT). Astrocytes have important neurotrophic and neuroprotective functions in the brain. Substantial studies have shown that astrocyte apoptosis may contribute to the pathogenesis of many acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders. We propose an alternation detection method, a combination of the astigmatic detection microscopy (ADM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) techniques, to investigate the apoptosis of astrocytes triggered with T. canis larval excretory/secretory (Tc E/S) antigen. The variation in the pathology of a cell’s morphological changes was investigated with ADM and AFM analyses and then confirmed by western blotting. The results showed that the round cells increased as the concentration of Tc E/S antigen and incubated time increased. In addition, the mean height of apoptotic cells was approximately twice that of untreated normal cells, which meant there was correlation between the Tc E/S antigen treatment and cell height. For each cleaved caspase-3 in the cells cocultured with Tc E/S antigen and incubated for 9 h, the corresponding intensities increased about 34-fold (34.4 ± 1.8) compared with those of the control cells. This method can provide researchers with a perspective for understanding the limited information on the mechanism of astroglial injury and death during a T. canis larval invasion in a brain infection.

著者

Masayuki Takada Yoko Fukuda Shin-ichiro Iwamiya

出版者

一般社団法人 日本音響学会

雑誌

Acoustical Science and Technology (ISSN:13463969)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.3, pp.187-196, 2013-03-01 (Released:2013-05-01)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1 4

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The Japanese Road Traffic Law states that a vehicle horn should be used only in an emergency or in dangerous locations where a horn sign has been installed. However, drivers frequently use their vehicle horn as a signal when passing each other. Furthermore, pedestrians and cyclists are also honked at by drivers. There may be a negative effect of vehicle horn use on people outside the vehicle. Therefore, a questionnaire survey was carried out to ascertain the current circumstances of vehicle horn use. Respondents were asked about the latest or last-remembered instance of horn use in various situations, both when they were driving and when they were pedestrians. With regard to experiences of being honked at by another driver, the questionnaire included questions concerning place, traffic volume, the aim of horn use, the timing pattern of horn use, and the respondent's psychological reaction when honked at by another driver. It was found that drivers briefly honked their horn to express gratitude, or to gain another's attention, in various places. Long honks such as one long honk or two long honks mostly evoked negative psychological reactions in drivers, such as a feeling that the sound of the horn was startling, noisy, or irritating. Furthermore, pedestrians frequently had negative psychological reactions to horns used to gain their attention or to alert them to danger. More than 40% of nondrivers were displeased with the volume and sound quality of horns.

著者

Abe Shin-ya Shi Youhua Yanagisawa Masao Togawa Nozomu

出版者

The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

雑誌

IEICE Electronics Express (ISSN:13492543)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.17, pp.1414-1422, 2012

被引用文献数

14

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In this paper, we propose multiple-supply-voltages aware high-level synthesis algorithm for <i>HDR architectures</i> which realizes high-speed and high-efficient circuits. We propose three new techniques: <i>virtual area estimation</i>, <i>virtual area adaptation</i>, and <i>floor-planning-directed huddling</i>, and integrate them into our HDR architecture synthesis algorithm. Virtual area estimation/adaptation effectively estimates a huddle area by gradually reducing it during iterations, which improves the convergence of our algorithm. Floorplanning-directed huddling determines huddle composition very effectively by performing floorplanning and functional unit assignment inside huddles simultaneously. Experimental results show that our algorithm achieves about 29% run-time-saving compared with the conventional algorithms, and obtains a solution which cannot be obtained by our original algorithm even if a very tight clock constraint is given.

著者

Takeda Satoko Park Jong-Hoon Kawashima Eriko Ezawa Ikuko Omi Naomi

出版者

BioMed Central Ltd.

雑誌

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.35, 2013-08

被引用文献数

13 1

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BackgroundSome studies have shown that dietary hydrolyzed collagen peptides (HC) effectively prevent age-related bone loss. However, it is not known whether the intake of HC also has positive effect on bone mass or strength when combined with exercise during growth phase.MethodsWe examined the effects of 11 weeks of HC intake and running exercise on bone mass and strength in growing rats. Rats were randomized into four groups, the 20% casein group (Casein20), the 40% casein group (Casein40), the 20% HC group (HC20), and the 40% HC group (HC40). Each group was further divided into exercise groups (Casein20 + Ex, Casein40 + Ex, HC20 + Ex, HC40 + Ex) and non-exercise group (Casein20, Casein40, HC20, HC40). In the HC intake groups, 30% of casein protein was replaced with HC. Exercise group rats were trained 6 days per week on a treadmill (25–30 m/min, 60 min) for 60 days. After being sacrificed, their bone mineral content (BMC) and bone strength were evaluated.ResultsExercise and dietary HC effects were observed in the adjusted BMC of lumbar spine and tibia among the 20% protein groups (p < 0.001 for exercise; p < 0.05 for dietary HC, respectively). These effects were also noted in the adjusted wet weight and dry weight of femur among the 20% protein groups (p < 0.001, p < 0.01 for exercise; p < 0.01, p < 0.001 for dietary HC, respectively). On the other hand, in adjusted bone breaking force and energy, dietary HC effect was not significant. Among the 40% protein groups, similar results were obtained in the adjusted BMC, femoral weight, bone breaking force, and energy. There were no differences between the 20% protein groups and the 40% protein groups.ConclusionsThe present study demonstrated that moderate HC intake (where the diet contains 20% protein, of which 30% is HC) increased bone mass during growth period and further promoted the effect of running exercise. On the other hand, a higher HC intake (where the diet contains 40% protein, of which 30% is HC) had no more beneficial effect on bone mass than the moderate HC intake.

著者

Yoseph Bar-Cohen

出版者

The Society of Polymer Science, Japan

雑誌

高分子 (ISSN:04541138)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.72-73, 2000-02-01 (Released:2011-10-14)

参考文献数

1

著者

Kazunori KIMITSUKI Hassadin BOONSRIROJ Daisuke KOJIMA Chun-Ho PARK

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-0373, (Released:2013-09-10)

被引用文献数

9

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Feline pituitary tumors are rare. An 8-year-old male Japanese domestic cat presented with anorexia and emaciation. The cat died 17 days after admission from progressive neurological symptoms. At necropsy, a pituitary tumor measuring 25 × 18 × 15 mm was found. Microscopically, the tumor was divided into multiple lobules and had grown invasively into the adjacent brain tissue and sphenoid bone. Tumor cells had pleomorphic nuclei with prominent centrally located nucleoli and abundant amphophilic polygonal cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells stained with anti-adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), α-melanin-stimulating hormone (MSH) and β-endorphin antibodies. Ultrastructurally, the cytoplasm of the tumor cells contained various sized secretory granules. Based on these pathological findings, this tumor was diagnosed as pituitary carcinoma originated from pars intermedia cells.

著者

Kiichiro Teruya Yuki Myojin-Maekawa Fumio Shimamoto Hiromitsu Watanabe Noboru Nakamichi Koichiro Tokumaru Sennosuke Tokumaru Sanetaka Shirahata

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.3, pp.352-359, 2013-03-01 (Released:2013-03-01)

参考文献数

49

被引用文献数

3 10

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Gastrointestinal damage associated with radiation therapy is currently an inevitable outcome. The protective effect of Kefir was assessed for its usefulness against radiation-induced gastrointestinal damage. A Kefir supernatant was diluted by 2- or 10-fold and administered for 1 week prior to 8 Gray (Gy) X-ray irradiation at a dose rate of 2 Gy/min, with an additional 15 d of administration post-irradiation. The survival rate of control mice with normal drinking water dropped to 70% on days 4 through 9 post-irradiation. On the other hand, 100% of mice in the 10- and 2-fold-diluted Kefir groups survived up to day 9 post-irradiation (p<0.05 and p<0.01, respectively). Examinations for crypt regeneration against 8, 10 and 12 Gy irradiation at a dose rate of 4 Gy/min revealed that the crypt number was significantly increased in the mice administered both diluted Kefir solutions (p<0.01 for each). Histological and immunohistochemical examinations revealed that the diluted Kefir solutions protected the crypts from radiation, and promoted crypt regeneration. In addition, lyophilized Kefir powder was found to significantly recover the testis weights (p<0.05), but had no effects on the body and spleen weights, after 8 Gy irradiation. These findings suggest that Kefir could be a promising candidate as a radiation-protective agent.

著者

中村 元樹 森田 明理 杉浦 真弓 山口 裕史 西田 絵美 加藤 裕史 古橋 卓也 鳥居 寛 Fukunaga-Kalabis Mizuho 水野 俊彦

出版者

名古屋市立大学

雑誌

若手研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2013-04-01

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4箇所の胎児皮膚(頭部、背部、腹部、足底、胎生13週~22週、計36体)をHMB45, MITFなど各種抗体で免疫染色し、胎生期におけるメラノサイトの遊走過程を解明した。有毛部皮膚では、メラノサイトは胎生12から15週に、これから毛芽が形成される表皮基底層に存在し、足底皮膚では胎生早期、汗管形成以前にメラノサイトが汗管発生部位に到達し、汗管の伸長と共に深く入っていくことを明らかにした。エクリン汗腺にメラノサイト幹細胞が存在するとする近年の報告を裏付けるものであり、ヒトでの研究は初めてである。