著者

Ayumi TSUBOTA Yuko OKAMATSU-OGURA Jussiaea Valente BARIUAN Junnosuke MAE Shinya MATSUOKA Junko NIO-KOBAYASHI Kazuhiro KIMURA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.10, pp.1461-1467, 2019 (Released:2019-10-24)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

9 9

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Brown adipose tissue (BAT) contributes to non-shivering thermogenesis and plays an important role in body temperature control. The contribution of BAT thermogenesis to body temperature control in a non-cold environment was evaluated using developing hamsters. Immunostaining for uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), a mitochondrial protein responsible for BAT thermogenesis, indicated that interscapular fat tissue had matured as BAT at day 14. When pups were placed on a thermal plate kept at 23°C, the body surface temperature decreased in day 7- and 10-day-old pups but was maintained at least for 15 min in 14-day-old pups, indicating that hamsters are unable to maintain their body temperature until around day 14 even in a non-cold environment. Body temperature maintenance was also evaluated in UCP1-deficient mice. BAT analysis showed that the UCP1 protein level in Ucp1+/− Hetero mice was 61.3 ± 1.4% of that in wild-type (WT) mice and was undetected in Ucp1−/− knockout (KO) mice. When 12-day-old pups were place on a thermal plate at 23°C, body surface temperature was maintained for at least 15 min in WT and Hetero mice but gradually dropped by 2.4 ± 0.2°C in 15 min in KO mice. It is concluded that BAT thermogenesis is indispensable for body temperature maintenance in pups of hamsters and mice, even in the non-cold circumstances. The early life poikilothermy and the later acquirement of homeothermy in hamsters may be because of the postnatal development of BAT.

著者

Roberto Lombardo Daniel Murcia-Moreno Dumas Gálvez

出版者

Arachnological Society of Japan

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.2, pp.91-93, 2023-12-10 (Released:2023-12-10)

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Spiders are nearly omnipresent in tropical regions, throughout a vast range of habitats, where they act as top predators of other invertebrates. On islands, spiders may assume the role of larger mainland predators in regulating invertebrate populations. This study documents a novel predator-prey interaction between the wandering spider Ancylometes bogotensis and the land crab Gecarcinus quadratus on Coiba Island Panama Pacific. We briefly discuss the ecological implications of this predator-prey relationship and the potential influence of marine subsidies on the island’s terrestrial ecosystem.

著者

Shin-etsu SUGAWARA

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Mechanical Engineering Journal (ISSN:21879745)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.23-00375, (Released:2023-12-07)

参考文献数

53

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The recent trend of nuclear reactor miniaturization may require reconsideration of the existing framework of safety. This study conceptually explores the safety goals for transportable microreactors (TMRs) by focusing on the differences between large light-water reactors (LLWRs), which contain large amounts of hazardous fission products and TMRs. For LLWRs, the safety goals and surrogate goals representing the integrity of the reactor have played a significant role in reducing the negative health effects of radiation exposure in cases of nuclear disasters. Practitioners, notably the operator, have typically been classified as the main users of these goals. However, the innovative feature of TMRs will lead to the reconsideration of the contents and users of safety goals. The size of the radiological consequences of TMR accidents may highlight the need to capture broader consequences other than direct health effects when formulating the top-level goals. Correspondingly, additional surrogates for representing the interplay between the reactor and surrounding areas may be required. Effectively meeting these new goals only by the efforts of licensees may be a challenge; this indicates a need for the local actors wherein the TMRs are deployed to become the extended users of safety goals. Conceptualizing such new framework of microreactor safety goals as “extended safety goals” as an extension of conventional safety goals for LLWRs, the author discusses their implications and challenges.

著者

Rocío de la Vega Irina A. Heinisuo Alicia E. López-Martínez Elena R. Serrano-Ibáñez Gema T. Ruíz-Párraga Carmen Ramírez-Maestre Rosa Esteve

出版者

The Society of Physical Therapy Science

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.12, pp.768-776, 2023 (Released:2023-12-01)

参考文献数

26

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[Purpose] Non-invasive and drug-free interventions for pain are being developed. One of them is ANF (which stands for “Amino Neuro Frequency”) Therapy®, which consists in the application of carbonized metal devices on a patient’s skin. We aimed to: 1) test perceived changes in pain intensity after ANF application, 2) record frequency and severity of side effects, 3) assess clinician and patient satisfaction, 4) explore effects on swelling and range of motion (ROM). [Participants and Methods] In this real-world multisite observational study, N=113 physical therapists in 45 countries, applied ANF to N=1,054 patients (Mage=45.2, 56.2% female) with pain complaints. Demographic data, pain intensity (NRS-11), effects of ANF on swelling and ROM, clinician and patient satisfaction and side effects were collected. [Results] Main pain locations were: low back (14.9%), knee (12.4%), neck (10%), and shoulder (9.6%). Pre-treatment pain intensity was high (Mean=7.6, SD=1.9). It significantly decreased post-treatment (Mean=3.1, SD=2.0), t(1053)=7.25, with a large effect size (Cohen’s d=2.2). Swelling decreased and ROM increased. Average satisfaction with ANF was 92/100. Patients often experienced mild side effects (42.3%): dry mouth, headache and fatigue. [Conclusion] Results show large effect sizes, high satisfaction, and mild and short-term side effects. This is very promising but should be interpreted with caution considering the study limitations.

著者

Ya-Nan Ma Xuemei Jiang Wei Tang Peipei Song

出版者

International Research and Cooperation Association for Bio & Socio-Sciences Advancement

雑誌

BioScience Trends (ISSN:18817815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.5, pp.335-355, 2023-10-31 (Released:2023-11-18)

参考文献数

165

被引用文献数

3

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Studies have found that intermittent fasting (IF) can prevent diabetes, cancer, heart disease, and neuropathy, while in humans it has helped to alleviate metabolic syndrome, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, and many other disorders. IF involves a series of coordinated metabolic and hormonal changes to maintain the organism's metabolic balance and cellular homeostasis. More importantly, IF can activate hepatic autophagy, which is important for maintaining cellular homeostasis and energy balance, quality control, cell and tissue remodeling, and defense against extracellular damage and pathogens. IF affects hepatic autophagy through multiple interacting pathways and molecular mechanisms, including adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), silent mating-type information regulatory 2 homolog-1 (SIRT1), peroxisomal proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and farnesoid X receptor (FXR), as well as signaling pathways and molecular mechanisms such as glucagon and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21). These pathways can stimulate the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), play a cytoprotective role, downregulate the expression of aging-related molecules, and prevent the development of steatosis-associated liver tumors. By influencing the metabolism of energy and oxygen radicals as well as cellular stress response systems, IF protects hepatocytes from genetic and environmental factors. By activating hepatic autophagy, IF has a potential role in treating a variety of liver diseases, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, drug-induced liver injury, viral hepatitis, hepatic fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. A better understanding of the effects of IF on liver autophagy may lead to new approaches for the prevention and treatment of liver disease.

著者

Shinya Tanaka Kentaro Kamiya Nobuaki Hamazaki Ryota Matsuzawa Kohei Nozaki Takeshi Nakamura Masashi Yamashita Emi Maekawa Chiharu Noda Minako Yamaoka-Tojo Atsuhiko Matsunaga Takashi Masuda Junya Ako

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.9, pp.1860-1867, 2019-08-23 (Released:2019-08-23)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

20 24

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Background:Evidence for the prognostic value of gait speed is largely based on a single measure at baseline, so we investigated the prognostic significance of change in gait speed in hospitalized older acute heart failure (AHF) patients.Methods and Results:This retrospective study was performed in a cohort of 388 AHF patients ≥60 years old (mean age: 74.8±7.8 years, 228 men). Routine geriatric assessment included gait speed measurement at baseline and at discharge. The primary outcome of this study was all-cause death. Gait speed increased from 0.74±0.25 m/s to 0.98±0.27 m/s after 13.5±11.0 days. Older age, shorter height and lower hemoglobin level at admission, prior HF admission, and higher baseline gait speed were independently associated with lesser improvement in gait speed. A total of 80 patients died and 137 patients were readmitted for HF over a mean follow-up period of 2.1±1.9 years. In multivariate analyses, change in gait speed showed inverse associations with all-cause death (hazard ratio [HR] per 0.1 m/s increase: 0.83; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.73 to 0.95; P=0.006) and with risk of readmission for HF (HR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.83 to 0.99; P=0.036).Conclusions:Short-term improvement in gait speed during hospitalization was associated with reduced risks of death and readmission for HF in older patients with AHF.

著者

Javier Jose DIAZ RIVERA Waleed AKBAR Talha AHMED KHAN Afaq MUHAMMAD Wang-Cheol SONG

出版者

The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

雑誌

IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Communications (ISSN:09168516)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.E106-B, no.12, pp.1293-1301, 2023-12-01

被引用文献数

1

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Zero Trust Networking (ZTN) is a security model where no default trust is given to entities in a network infrastructure. The first bastion of security for achieving ZTN is strong identity verification. Several standard methods for assuring a robust identity exist (E.g., OAuth2.0, OpenID Connect). These standards employ JSON Web Tokens (JWT) during the authentication process. However, the use of JWT for One Time Token (OTT) enrollment has a latent security issue. A third party can intercept a JWT, and the payload information can be exposed, revealing the details of the enrollment server. Furthermore, an intercepted JWT could be used for enrollment by an impersonator as long as the JWT remains active. Our proposed mechanism aims to secure the ownership of the OTT by including the JWT as encrypted metadata into a Non-Fungible Token (NFT). The mechanism uses the blockchain Public Key of the intended owner for encrypting the JWT. The blockchain assures the JWT ownership by mapping it to the intended owner's blockchain public address. Our proposed mechanism is applied to an emerging Zero Trust framework (OpenZiti) alongside a permissioned Ethereum blockchain using Hyperledger Besu. The Zero Trust Framework provides enrollment functionality. At the same time, our proposed mechanism based on blockchain and NFT assures the secure distribution of OTTs that is used for the enrollment of identities.

著者

Takahiro MIURA Ken-ichiro YABU

出版者

Psychologia Editorial Office

雑誌

PSYCHOLOGIA (ISSN:00332852)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-B031, (Released:2023-12-04)

参考文献数

217

被引用文献数

2

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Support systems have been developed to facilitate the active participation of the visually and hearing impaired, as these impairments limit information acquisition and activities. However, efforts to improve the quality and quantity of information presented to persons with disabilities are still in the developmental stage due to the unique perception and recognition styles in persons with visual and hearing impairments. By clarifying such perception and recognition mechanisms and the current status of assistive technologies, researchers can develop support schemes taking advantage of the abilities of people with visual and hearing impairments, and extend their information processing. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to organize the unique characteristics of perceptual ability and communication strategies reportedly acquired by persons with visual and hearing impairments and the information assurance methods based on sensory substitution. For the visually impaired, we describe a visual substitution system that focuses on sound and tactile information, in addition to their sensory substitution functions. We also introduce example applications through support methods in parasports and computer games. For the hearing impaired, we review communication methods and support strategies using information devices.

著者

Masato Ota Kohei Taniguchi Mitsuhiro Asakuma Sang-Woong Lee Yuri Ito

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20220347, (Released:2023-12-02)

参考文献数

28

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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected cancer care. The aim of this study was to clarify the trend of colorectal cancer (CRC) stage distribution in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: In this retrospective study, we used an inpatient medical claims database established at approximately 400 acute care hospitals. From the database, we searched patients who were identified as having the main disease (using ICD-10codes [C18.0–C20]) between January 2018 and December 2020. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the impact of the pandemic on CRC stage distribution each month, and the odds ratio (OR) for late-stage cancer was calculated.Results: We analyzed 99,992 CRC patients. Logistic regression analysis, including the interaction term between increased late-stage CRC effect during the pandemic period and by each individual month, showed that the OR for late-stage CRC was highest in July during the pandemic, at 1.31 (95%CI: 1.13– 1.52) and also significantly higher in September at 1.16 (95%CI: 1.00– 1.35).Conclusion: We investigated the trend of CRC stage distribution during the COVID-19 pandemic using a nationwide hospital-claims database in Japan, and found that the proportion of early-stage cancers tended to decrease temporarily after the state of emergency declaration due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but the effect was only temporary.

著者

Yurika Tahara Mikako Fujita Tianli Zhang Dongxing Wang Hiroshi Tateishi Akihiro Togami Perpetual Nyame Hiromi Terasawa Nami Monde Joyce Appiah-Kubi Wright Ofotsu Amesimeku Doaa Husham Majeed Alsaadi Mikiyo Wada Koji Sugimura Sevgi Gezici Halilibrahim Ciftci Faruk Karahan Nazim Sekeroglu Masami Otsuka Tomohiro Sawa Yosuke Maeda Takashi Watanabe Kazuaki Monde

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.11, pp.1535-1547, 2023-11-01 (Released:2023-11-01)

参考文献数

67

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The introduction of combined anti-retroviral therapy (cART) in 1996, along with a continual breakthrough in anti-human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) drugs, has improved the life expectancies of HIV-1-infected individuals. However, the incidence of drug-resistant viruses between individuals undergoing cART and treatment-naïve individuals is a common challenge. Therefore, there is a requirement to explore potential drug targets by considering various stages of the viral life cycle. For instance, the late stage, or viral release stage, remains uninvestigated extensively in antiviral drug discovery. In this study, we prepared a natural plant library and selected candidate plant extracts that inhibited HIV-1 release based on our laboratory-established screening system. The plant extracts from Epilobium hirsutum L. and Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub, belonging to the family Onagraceae, decreased HIV-1 release and accelerated the apoptosis in HIV-1-infected T cells but not uninfected T cells. A flavonol glycoside quercetin with oenothein B in Onagraceae reduced HIV-1 release in HIV-1-infected T cells. Moreover, extracts from Chamerion angustifolium (L.) Holub and Senna alexandrina Mill. inhibited the infectivity of progeny viruses. Together, these results suggest that C. angustifolium (L.) Holub contains quercetin with oenothein B that synergistically blocks viral replication and kills infected cells via an apoptotic pathway. Consequently, the plant extracts from the plant library of Turkey might be suitable candidates for developing novel anti-retroviral drugs that target the late phase of the HIV-1 life cycle.

著者

北岡 伸一 キタオカ シンイチ Shin-ichi Kitaoka

雑誌

立教法学

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, pp.202-257, 1985-09-30

著者

Tomoe Yamada-Kato Isao Okunishi Yosuke Fukamatsu Hidenori Tsuboi Yusuke Yoshida

出版者

Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology

雑誌

Food Science and Technology Research (ISSN:13446606)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.3, pp.567-572, 2018 (Released:2018-07-25)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

3 4

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Wasabi is a member of the Brassicaceae family and produces various isothiocyanates (ITCs). Because 6-methylsulfinylhexyl ITC (6-MSITC) is stable among wasabi ITCs, it has potential as a functional compound. Hair loss can have psychological and social effects on an individual because of its impact on appearance. In this study, we investigated the stimulatory effects of 6-MSITC by culturing on human follicle dermal papilla cells (DPCs). Results showed that 6-MSITC significantly promoted DPC proliferation and upregulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA levels compared to control. Furthermore, 6-MSITC significantly upregulated adenosine A2b receptor (ADORA2b) mRNA levels. Previous studies have reported that VEGF was induced through ADORA1 and ADORA2 pathways. We suggest that 6-MSITC stimulates hair growth on DPCs related to the upregulation of ADORA2b mRNA level. Thus, 6-MSITC may be used as a functional compound.

著者

Tomoe Yamada-Kato Saori Momoi Isao Okunishi Motoyasu Minami Yuichi Oishi Toshihiko Osawa Michitaka Naito

出版者

Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology

雑誌

Food Science and Technology Research (ISSN:13446606)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.5, pp.665-671, 2016 (Released:2016-10-31)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

5 8

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Wasabi is a plant of Japanese origin belonging to the Brassicaceae family. Although the wasabi rhizome is a popular condiment in Japan, the leaf is typically discarded. For utilization of the wasabi leaf, we investigated its anti-obesity effect on Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet containing wasabi leaf extract (WLE) prepared with 50% ethanol. At the experimental endpoint, WLE had significantly decreased the body weight of rats and upregulated the mRNA expression of the β3-adrenergic receptor (Adrb3) in the interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT). WLE may have promoted lipid absorption from the dietary fat, as the fecal lipid content was considerably lower in the WLE group. These results suggest that WLE suppressed obesity in rats fed a high-fat diet, which was related to the upregulation of Adrb3 mRNA expression in the interscapular BAT without increased fecal lipid excretion. Thus, wasabi leaves may be used as a functional food material for the suppression of obesity.

著者

Rubén Arturo LÓPEZ-CRESPO Adriana MÉNDEZ-BERNAL Alba Marina ROSALES-MENDOZA Samantha Miroslava TORRES-CERVANTES Suellen Elena ROBLES-ESPÍNDOLA José Antonio GONZÁLEZ-HUERTA Mario Erasmo ZAMORA-MARTÍNEZ

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.23-0343, (Released:2023-11-24)

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Rabbit Fibroma is a Leporipoxviral disease and is considered the third most common cutaneous neoplasm in pet rabbits. Two domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were submitted to the veterinary clinic due to the presence of a nodule on the lip. Histologically, epithelial cells of the epidermis and hair follicles showed mild to moderate ballooning degeneration, spongiosis, and several eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. The dermis was expanded by atypical spindle cells that also showed eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusion bodies. The tissues were evaluated by using transmission electron microscopy. In both cases, keratinocytes exhibit several electron dense and pleomorphic intracytoplasmic viral particles consistent with Poxviruses. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of Rabbit Fibroma Virus infection in Domestic Rabbits in Mexico.

著者

Tsuyoshi HONJO Tzu-Ping LIN Yuhwan SEO

出版者

The Society of Agricultural Meteorology of Japan

雑誌

農業気象 (ISSN:00218588)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.2, pp.59-66, 2019 (Released:2019-04-10)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

18 22

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Sky view factor (SVF) is a ratio of sky in upper hemisphere and is an important index for many environmental studies. Frequently used method for measuring SVF is taking fisheye image of upper hemisphere by a camera with fisheye lens (Nikon FC-E8 and FC-E9). In this study, we devised the usage of a spherical camera (RICOH Theta S), which can takes a picture with 360° field of view (FOV), for SVF measurement. Applicability of the spherical camera to the measurement of SVF is tested by comparing with conventional fisheye cameras. The result showed that it can take the same quality of fisheye images as conventional fisheye camera and can be applied to the measurement of SVF. Accuracy and causes of errors are considered and as a conclusion, the spherical camera has enough performance for the replacement of conventional cameras. The algorithm of making fisheye images of different projection methods and of calculating SVF are written as programs in R.

著者

Toyonobu Tsuda Kenshi Hayashi Takeshi Kato Takashi Kusayama Yoichiro Nakagawa Akihiro Nomura Hayato Tada Soichiro Usui Kenji Sakata Masa-aki Kawashiri Noboru Fujino Masakazu Yamagishi Masayuki Takamura on behalf of the Hokuriku-Plus AF Registry Investigators

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-23-0418, (Released:2023-10-20)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

1

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Background: The prognostic effect of concomitant hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) on adverse events in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) has not been evaluated in a multicenter prospective cohort study in Japan.Methods and Results: Using the Hokuriku-Plus AF Registry, 1,396 patients with nonvalvular AF (1,018 men, 72.3±9.7 years old) were assessed prospectively; 72 (5.2%) had concomitant HCM. During a median follow-up of 5.0 years (interquartile range 3.5–5.3 years), 79 cases of thromboembolism (1.3 per 100 person-years) and 192 of heart failure (HF) (3.2 per 100 person-years) occurred. Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the HCM group had a significantly greater incidence of thromboembolism (P=0.002 by log-rank test) and HF (P<0.0001 by a log-rank test) than the non-HCM group. The Cox proportional hazards model demonstrated that persistent AF (adjusted hazard ratio 2.98, 95% confidence interval 1.56–6.21), the CHA2DS2-VASc score (1.35, 1.18–1.54), and concomitant HCM (2.48, 1.16–4.79) were significantly associated with thromboembolism. Conversely, concomitant HCM (2.81, 1.72–4.43), older age (1.07, 1.05–1.10), lower body mass index (0.95, 0.91–0.99), a history of HF (2.49, 1.77–3.52), and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (0.98, 0.97–0.99) were significantly associated with the development of HF.Conclusions: Concomitant HCM predicts the incidence of thromboembolism and HF in AF patients.

著者

Tie-Zhi Liu Li Liu Jing Wen Shu-Yan Liu

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.6, pp.150-155, 2023-10-27 (Released:2023-11-20)

参考文献数

26

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A powdery mildew was found on Leontopodium leontopodioides (Asteraceae) in China. Phylogenetic analyses using a combination of internal transcribed spacer and 28S rDNA sequences showed that this species, which clusters as sister to Neoerysiphe joerstadii, is allied to N. galii, N. geranii, and N. nevoi. This species differs from the closely allied N. joerstadii in the number and size of asci (3-10 asci, 55-75 × 20-40 µm versus 16-32 asci, 40-60 × 20-30 µm). This species is morphologically very similar to N. gnaphalii, but clearly differs from this species in having larger chasmothecia and colorless appendages. Therefore, the powdery mildew on L. leontopodioides is described as N. leontopodii sp. nov.

著者

Kazuki Akamatsu Keigo Imamura Shin-ichi Nakao Xiao-lin Wang

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.8, pp.255-261, 2022-08-20 (Released:2022-08-20)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1

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We developed a membrane reactor integrating dimethoxydimethylsilane (DMDMS)-derived hydrogen-selective silica membranes with Rh/Al2O3 catalysts and produced high-purity hydrogen from simulated biogas by operating the reactor under pressure on the reaction side while maintaining ambient pressure and excluding sweep gas that has often been used on the permeate side. We investigated changes in the performance of the DMDMS-derived membrane when exposed to pressurized hydrothermal conditions. The results indicated that pressure had a nonnegligible effect on membrane performance and led to a more severe decline in hydrogen permeance compared with exposure under similar hydrothermal conditions but at 0.1 MPa pressure. Although the performance of the DMDMS-derived membrane decreased, we developed a membrane reactor and operated it for hydrogen production. For the various pressures (0.6–1.0 MPa) and temperatures (500–600°C) tested, the conversions exceeded those in the packed-bed reactor, and high hydrogen purity was achieved without the use of sweep gas. Specifically, 55% conversion with 94% hydrogen purity was achieved when the membrane reactor was operated at 0.6 MPa and 600°C.

著者

Kanako Tokuda Shiou-Ling Lu Zhang Zidi Yumiko Kato Siyu Chen Kazuya Noda Katsutoshi Hirose Yu Usami Narikazu Uzawa Shinya Murakami Satoru Toyosawa Mitsunori Fukuda Ge-Hong Sun-Wada Yoh Wada Takeshi Noda

出版者

Japan Society for Cell Biology

雑誌

Cell Structure and Function (ISSN:03867196)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.23061, (Released:2023-10-04)

被引用文献数

1

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Osteoclasts play a crucial role in bone homeostasis by forming resorption pits on bone surfaces, resulting in bone resorption. The osteoclast expression of Rab38 protein is highly induced during differentiation from macrophages. Here we generated mice with double knockout (DKO) of Rab38 and its paralogue, Rab32, to investigate the roles of these proteins in osteoclasts. Bone marrow–derived macrophages from Rab32/38 DKO mice differentiated normally into osteoclasts in vitro. However, DKO osteoclasts showed reduced bone resorption activity. These osteoclasts also demonstrated defective secretion of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase and cathepsin K into culture medium. Furthermore, the plasma membrane localization of a3, an osteoclast-specific a subunit of V-ATPase, was abrogated in DKO mice, substantiating the reduced resorption activity. In vivo, Rab32- and Rab38-positive cells were attached to the bone surface. Eight-week-old DKO mice showed significantly thickened trabecular bones in micro-CT and histomorphometry analysis, as well as reduced serum levels of cross-linked C-telopeptide of type I collagen, indicating diminished bone resorption in vivo. In DKO male mice over 10 weeks of age, hyperostosis appeared at the talofibular syndesmosis, the distal junction of the tibia and fibula. Furthermore, middle-aged mice (10 to 12 months of age) exhibited kyphosis, which is not usually observed in wild-type male mice until around 24 months of age. These results indicate that Rab32 and Rab38 contribute to osteoclast function by supporting intracellular traffic, thereby maintaining normal bone homeostasis.Keywords: Rab32, Rab38, osteoclast, lysosome-related organelle, secretory lysosome

著者

Hyeyoung Cho Kyeong-Yae Sohng

出版者

The Society of Physical Therapy Science

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.10, pp.1661-1665, 2014 (Released:2014-10-28)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

38 48

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[Purpose] The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of a virtual reality exercise program (VREP) on physical fitness, body composition, and fatigue in hemodialysis (HD) patients with end-stage renal failure. [Subjects and Methods] A nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. Forty-six HD patients were divided into exercise (n=23) and control groups (n=23); while waiting for their dialyses, the exercise group followed a VREP, and the control group received only their usual care. The VREP was accomplished using Nintendo’s Wii Fit Plus for 40 minutes, 3 times a week for 8 weeks during the period of May 27 to July 19, 2013. Physical fitness (muscle strength, balance, flexibility), body composition (skeletal muscle mass, body fat rate, arm and leg muscle mass), and fatigue were measured at baseline and after the intervention. [Results] After the VREP, physical fitness and body composition significantly increased, and the level of fatigue significantly decreased in the exercise group. [Conclusion] These results suggest that a VREP improves physical fitness, body composition, and fatigue in HD patients. Based on the findings, VREPs should be used as a health promotion programs for HD patients.