著者

Maria Suzuki Kanae Masuda Hideaki Asakuma Kouki Takeshita Kohei Baba Yasutaka Kubo Koichiro Ushijima Seiichi Uchida Takashi Akagi

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.UTD-323, (Released:2022-05-25)

被引用文献数

6

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In contrast to the progress in the research on physiological disorders relating to shelf life in fruit crops, it has been difficult to non-destructively predict their occurrence. Recent high-tech instruments have gradually enabled non-destructive predictions for various disorders in some crops, while there are still issues in terms of efficiency and costs. Here, we propose application of a deep neural network (or simply deep learning) to simple RGB images to predict a severe fruit disorder in persimmon, rapid over-softening. With 1,080 RGB images of ‘Soshu’ persimmon fruits, three convolutional neural networks (CNN) were examined to predict rapid over-softened fruits with a binary classification and the date to fruit softening. All of the examined CNN models worked successfully for binary classification of the rapid over-softened fruits and the controls with > 80% accuracy using multiple criteria. Furthermore, the prediction values (or confidence) in the binary classification were correlated to the date to fruit softening. Although the features for classification by deep learning have been thought to be in a black box by conventional standards, recent feature visualization methods (or “explainable” deep learning) has allowed identification of the relevant regions in the original images. We applied Grad-CAM, Guided backpropagation, and layer-wise relevance propagation (LRP), to find early symptoms for CNNs classification of rapid over-softened fruits. The focus on the relevant regions tended to be on color unevenness on the surface of the fruit, especially in the peripheral regions. These results suggest that deep learning frameworks could potentially provide new insights into early physiological symptoms of which researchers are unaware.

著者

Ryo Norikoshi Katsunori Kohata Tomoko Niki Kazuo Ichimura

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.UTD-347, (Released:2022-05-25)

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Flower opening is associated with the expansion of petal cells. To understand the role played by soluble carbohydrates during cell expansion associated with petal growth, changes in soluble carbohydrate concentrations in petal limbs during flower opening in Phlox drummondii were investigated. The size of adaxial and abaxial epidermal cells in the petal limbs gradually increased during flower opening. 2-C-Methyl-d-erythritol (2-C-ME) was identified using 1H-NMR in P. drummondii petals. 2-C-ME was the most abundant carbohydrate in the petal limbs at five developmental stages, with the concentration of glucose the second highest, although the concentration of the latter was half of that of the 2-C-ME concentration in all five stages. The concentrations of 2-C-ME and glucose increased during flower opening. In contrast, inorganic ion concentrations did not increase during flower opening. The osmotic potential of petal limbs decreased considerably during the final stage of flower opening; this decrease could in part be attributed to the increasing 2-C-ME concentration. Transmission electron microscopic observations showed that the petal limb cells in open flowers were occupied primarily by the vacuole. The concentration of 2-C-ME in the vacuole was estimated to be 131 mM, which was much higher than the concentrations of the other carbohydrates. We conclude that the accumulation of 2-C-ME in the vacuole at a high concentration acts as an osmoticum, decreasing the osmotic potential of petal limbs and thereby increasing turgor pressure, which is thought to be involved in cell expansion of petal limbs during flower opening.

著者

Orawan Pimsorn Somsak Kramchote Patcharaporn Suwor

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.UTD-359, (Released:2022-05-25)

被引用文献数

1

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Lime (Citrus aurantiifolia var. Pan) fruits were coated with Aloe vera gel (AVG) at 0 (distilled water as control), 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% concentration as a 5 min dip and stored at ambient temperature (29 ± 1°C, 74 ± 5% RH) for 16 days. AVG coating markedly slowed fruit yellowing based on color scores and CIE L*, a*, and b* values, resulting in an increase in shelf life of about four days longer than that of the control (10 days). It did not significantly affect other fruit responses; AVG-coated and uncoated fruit had comparable weight loss, juice content, total soluble solids (TSS), titratable acidity (TA), and vitamin C content. Thus, AVG coating improved shelf life of lime primarily through delayed yellowing without adverse effects on other physicochemical attributes.

著者

馬嶋 健一郎 藤原 正則 和田 亮一 村木 洋介 光島 徹

出版者

一般社団法人 日本消化器がん検診学会

雑誌

日本消化器がん検診学会雑誌 (ISSN:18807666)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.2, pp.120-129, 2018 (Released:2018-03-17)

参考文献数

32

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便潜血検査(fecal occult blood test:FOBT)陽性者に施行した大腸CT検査の診断精度を全大腸内視鏡検査を標準として検証した。当施設の任意型検診において, FOBT陽性者に対し同日に大腸CT検査と全大腸内視鏡検査を施行した120名を対象とした。前処置法は3%となるようにガストログラフイン®を混合したニフレック®液を使用した。大腸CT検査における患者ごとの感度, 特異度は, 6mm以上の病変で感度85.7%(30/35), 特異度95.3%(81/85), 10mm以上の病変で感度100%(17/17), 特異度98.1%(101/103)であった。FOBT陽性者に対する精密検査として大腸CT検査の精度は良好であり, 精検法となり得ると考えられる。

著者

陳 惠貞

雑誌

子ども学研究論集 = CHILD STUDIES (ISSN:18837387)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, pp.57-67, 2012-03-31

著者

張 立娜 武本 歩未 大塚 美智子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本家政学会

雑誌

日本家政学会誌 (ISSN:09135227)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.11, pp.563-573, 2015 (Released:2015-11-14)

参考文献数

8

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Three-dimensional measurements of Chinese middle-aged and elderly women and younger women were used to ascertain the body type characteristics of middle-aged and elderly women. An average body shape was determined based on principal component analysis of 3-dimensional body shapes, and the body type characteristics of middle-aged and elderly women and younger women were compared. In addition, a model of the trunk that closely followed the contours of the body was created to simulate a virtual model of an average body shape, and the characteristics of the body shape of middle-aged and elderly women were ascertained. Principal component analysis of 3-dimensional body shapes identified the forward/backward or left/right of the body, body fat percentage, and spinal curvature as body type characteristics of middle-aged and elderly women. A cross-sectional comparison with the body angles of an average body shape revealed that middle-aged and elderly women had a gently sloping bust, a more protruding abdomen, and a marked disappearance of the “S curve” of the spine. A pattern that closely followed the contours of the body was created based on the average body shape. Body type characteristics of middle-aged and elderly women that were identified in principal component analysis were a rising incline from the anterior obliques to the shoulders, and the degree of obesity was distributed in the upper anterior obliques.

著者

吉武 良治 柴田 英喜

雑誌

情報処理

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.26-31, 2012-12-15

著者

西川 雅史

出版者

公共選択学会

雑誌

公共選択の研究 (ISSN:02869624)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2002, no.38, pp.19-30, 2002-07-15 (Released:2010-10-14)

参考文献数

23

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The main purpose of this paper is to scrutinize the Duverger's Law. We especially shed light on (1) Duvergerian convergence process as a mechanism that makes the number of prim candidates converges to the stable value, and (2) whereabouts its stable value goes.In the first section Duverger's law is formalized for applying it to OLS estimation. In the second section, it empirically analyzed it by using single member district (SMD) data of Japan 1996 and 2000. The conclusion can be summarized to the following three points. (I) As long as the number of prime candidate is more than 2, Duvergerian slide down convergence works. However when it was smaller than 2, statistically significant conclusion was not obtained. Therefore, (II) the Duverger's Law in a classic meaning is untenable. In addition, (III) some of results statistically reject the hypothesis assumed that Duvergerian equilibrium is equal to 2 in SMD. According to these results, Duvergerian slide down convergence is tenable while the Duvergerian equilibrium departs from 2.

著者

森田 潤司 MORITA Junji

出版者

京都

雑誌

同志社女子大学生活科学 = DWCLA human life and science (ISSN:13451391)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, pp.77-103, 2015-02-20

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資料

著者

増田 彩花

出版者

愛知教育大学

巻号頁・発行日

2014-04-24

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平成25年度 修士論文 抄録

著者

松島 理 松島 成夫

出版者

JAPAN TECHNICAL ASSOCIATION OF THE PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY

雑誌

紙パ技協誌 (ISSN:0022815X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.9, pp.1350-1356,038, 2003-09-01 (Released:2010-10-27)

参考文献数

17

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有限要素法によって, 段ボール箱側板 (幅L=240-302.5mm, 高さ207.5mm) の手かけ穴 (平行部の長さΔL0=0.0-62.5mm, 穴側端は半円弧: 半径r=12.5mm) に一様持上げ応力Pが働く場合の弾性応力解析をおこない, その応力状態を議論した。絶対値の大きい幅および高さ方向の垂直応力σx, σyおよびせん断応力は穴の上辺および側端付近に集中する。|σx|の最大値は, ΔL0<1.6rでは穴上辺に, ΔL0>1.6rでは板上辺の中央泣置にある。|σy|の最大値は, ΔL0<1.6rでは穴上辺に, ΔL0>1.6rでは穴側端にある。τxyは負で, |τxy|の最大値は, ΔL0<1.6rでは穴上辺に, ΔL0>1.6では穴側端からr/2上部位置にある。ΔL0の増加に伴って, σx, σyの最大値は増加し, σ γの最小値の絶対値は減少する。そして, ΔL0の増加に伴って, σx, σyの最小値の絶対値は減少, 増加する。

著者

吉田 英雄 福井 利安

出版者

一般社団法人 軽金属学会

雑誌

軽金属 (ISSN:04515994)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.8, pp.496-512, 1988-08-30 (Released:2008-07-23)

参考文献数

76

被引用文献数

15 7

著者

鹿毛 秀彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本鋳造工学会

雑誌

鋳造工学 (ISSN:13420429)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.74, no.9, pp.601-604, 2002-09-25 (Released:2015-01-07)

参考文献数

2

著者

小林 まおり 藤井 真治 岩谷 幸雄 坂本 修一 鈴木 陽一

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本バーチャルリアリティ学会

雑誌

日本バーチャルリアリティ学会論文誌 (ISSN:1344011X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.93-97, 2011-03-31 (Released:2017-02-01)

参考文献数

25

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The perception of the spatial location of an auditory stimulus can be captured by a spatially disparate visual stimulus, a phenomenon known as the ventriloquism effect. Many studies have shown temporal and spatial dependency of this phenomenon but its temporal dynamics are not fully understood. In this study, we presented participants with a three-minute of audio-visual stimuli, consisting of a pair of light and sound noise with a spatial disparity of either 0, 5 or 10 degrees. Ten participants were instructed to observe the audio-visual stimuli, and to report their position consistency of stimuli by pushing one of two bottoms, which indicated "same" or "different" respectively. The time series reported were analyzed as perceptual transitions. The results showed that (1) the mean total duration of the "same location" response increased as the disparities between noise and light decreased, (2) the percept switched during the stimulus presentation in all disparity condition after initial build-up of perception of "same location", and (3) the mean transition times varied depending on the disparity condition. These results show that the ventriloquism effect varies with observation time, suggesting that audiovisual spatial integration have time-varying nature.

著者

上寺 祐之 安原 洋

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療機器学会

雑誌

医療機器学 (ISSN:18824978)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.3, pp.301-310, 2016 (Released:2016-07-28)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

出版者

国際情報社

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32(6)(178);6月号, 1967-06

著者

髙森 八四郎 TAKAMORI Hachishiro 朝日大学法学部教授

出版者

朝日大学法学会

雑誌

朝日法学論集 = The Asahi law review, Asahi University School of Law (ISSN:09150072)

巻号頁・発行日

no.38, pp.61-73, 2010-02-27

著者

日本法律研究会 編

出版者

三光社

巻号頁・発行日

1919

著者

岩崎 和隆

出版者

一般社団法人 情報システム学会

雑誌

情報システム学会 全国大会論文集 情報システム学会 (ISSN:24339318)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.S1-B3, 2019 (Released:2021-07-27)