著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1938年06月21日, 1938-06-21

著者

由木 義文

出版者

Japanese Association of Indian and Buddhist Studies

雑誌

印度學佛教學研究 (ISSN:00194344)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.385-389, 1983-12-25 (Released:2010-03-09)

著者

吉岡 博

出版者

一般社団法人 日本小児神経学会

雑誌

脳と発達 (ISSN:00290831)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.4, pp.317-327, 1983-07-01 (Released:2011-08-10)

参考文献数

50

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新生仔期の低酸素症がその後の脳組織発達におよぼす影響を3H-チミジンオートラジオグラフィーにより細胞増殖動態面から検討した.実験ではJcl: ICR系生後2日目の哺乳マウスに30分間無酸素負荷を行い, 生存マウスを低酸素群とし, 無処置同胞マウスを対照群とした.低酸素群の体重・体長は生後20日目までは増加が不良で対照群に比し有意に低値を示したが, その後は回復し有意差はなくなった. 脳重量も生後10日目では対照群に比べ11%減少していたが, 生後20日目には有意差はなくなった.負荷直後の低酸素群マウスの視床・小脳には神経細胞の変性が存在した. 低酸素群の分裂指数や標識率は, 生後5日目までは対照群より下まわっていたが, 7日目および10日目では対照群より高値をとり, 15日目以後には両群ほぼ等しくなった生後2日目の低酸素群小脳外顆粒層細胞の世代時間は対照群に比べ約2時間延長したが, それは主としてG2期の延長によるものであった. 一方, 生後7日目では低酸素群のそれは対照群に比し約2時間短縮しており, G1期の短縮がその主因であった.以上より, 細胞増殖動態の面で, 生後2日目における30分間の低酸素負荷がおよそ5日目まで抑制をもたらすこと, その後はcatch up現象が生ずること, そしてその抑制と回復は別の機構により行われることが示唆された.

著者

林 英夫

出版者

立教大学

雑誌

史苑 (ISSN:03869318)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.1, pp.4-5, 1989-04

著者

中井 大介 庄司 一子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育心理学会

雑誌

教育心理学研究 (ISSN:00215015)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.1, pp.49-61, 2009-03-30 (Released:2012-02-22)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

8 4

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本研究では, 中学生の教師に対する信頼感の規定要因を検討するため, 中学生の過去の教師との関わり経験と教師に対する信頼感との関連を検討した。中学生374名を対象に調査を実施した。その結果, (1) 生徒の教師に対する信頼感のポジティブな側面である「安心感」「正当性」と, 「教師からの受容経験」「教師との親密な関わり経験」が正の関連を示すこと, (2) 生徒の教師に対する信頼感のネガティブな側面である「不信」と, 「教師との傷つき経験」が正の関連, 「教師からの受容経験」が負の関連を示すことが明らかになった。また, 「教師との関わり経験尺度」の下位尺度得点で調査対象者を類型化し, 教師に対する信頼感との関連を検討したところ, (3) ポジティブな経験をしている群は教師に対する信頼感が高いこと, (4) ネガティブな経験のみしている群, ポジティブな経験・ネガティブな経験共に少ない群は教師に対する信頼感が低いことが明らかになった。以上, 本研究の結果から, 生徒の教師に対する信頼感には, 従来指摘されてきた教師の信頼性の側面だけではなく, 生徒側の個人的な心理的要因も関連している可能性が明らかになった。

著者

岩井 正浩

出版者

[愛知淑徳大学大学院教育学研究科]論集編集委員会

雑誌

愛知淑徳大学論集. 教育学研究科篇 (ISSN:21861536)

巻号頁・発行日

no.4, pp.1-14, 2014-03-18

著者

長儀 拓 三上 勇気

出版者

一般社団法人 日本認知・行動療法学会

雑誌

認知行動療法研究 (ISSN:24339075)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.3, pp.162-163, 2019-09-30 (Released:2020-06-25)

著者

久保田 尚浩 宮向 真由美 山根 康史 小林 昭雄 水谷 房雄

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE

雑誌

園芸学会雑誌 (ISSN:00137626)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.5, pp.927-931, 1999-09-15 (Released:2008-01-31)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

3 3

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ブドウの芽の休眠打破に効果のあるニンニクについて, その有効成分を検討するため, 'マスカット・オブ・アレキサンドリア'と'巨峰'の挿し穂に対するニンニクの抽出物と揮発物の休眠打破効果を調査した.市販のガーリックオイルとニンニク磨砕物を挿し穂の切り口に塗布したところ, そのいずれにおいても発芽が著しく促進された.しかし, 凍結乾燥したニンニクからの抽出物および市販のニンニク粉末をラノリンで混和して塗布したところ, 休眠打破の効果は全く認められないか, 極めて小さかった.磨砕したニンニクを煮沸すると, 煮沸しない場合と比較して, 上澄み液, 沈殿物ともに休眠打破の効果が低下した.挿し穂をニンニク磨砕物および市販のガーリックオイルで気浴処理したところ, 塗布処理に比べて効果は小さいものの, いずれの気浴処理でも発芽が促進された.これらのことから, ニンニクに含まれるある種の揮発性物質がブドウの芽の休眠打破に有効であると推察された.ニンニク揮発性物質の休眠打破効果は, 11月のようなブドウの芽の休眠が深い時期ほど大きく, 休眠が浅くなるにつれて低下した.

著者

Megan M Bruwer Lize Neethling

出版者

International Community of Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development

雑誌

International Review for Spatial Planning and Sustainable Development (ISSN:21873666)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.209-227, 2022-01-15 (Released:2022-01-15)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

1

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Fast-food drive-throughs are a common feature in our fast-paced lives where convenience and service access are highly prized. This convenience comes at a high environmental price: long queues of idling vehicles guzzle fuel and generate emissions linked to global warming and health concerns. Drive throughs also generate significant income for franchisees and reduce parking requirements at fast-food outlets. Fast-food and drive-throughs are becoming more prevalent in the developing world at a time when these countries are facing rapidly increasing traffic congestion, driven by a desire for private transport use. This study considers aspects of sustainability of drive-throughs according to the mobility paradigm in the developing world, where vehicle centric urban form and rapid development are contributing to a mobility crisis. The drive-through is a prime example of capitalist vehicle-centric urban form. This paper is intended as a starting point for discussion on drive-through appropriateness in developing countries. Only two aspects of drive-through operations are considered in this initial investigation: the cost of using a drive through (fuel cost and environmental cost, approximated by the emissions load), and the space saving benefit realized by eliminating parking. This research found that drive-throughs save substantial land area by reducing parking and stimulate higher profits, making it unlikely that drive-throughs will be phased out, even with the significant environmental impact of drive throughs quantified in this paper. Recommendations for improved operations of drive-throughs are therefore suggested to mitigate long idling times in drive-through queues, and a call for more sustainable land-use planning is proposed.

著者

上原 史子

出版者

JAPAN ASSOCIATION OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2009, no.157, pp.157_99-114, 2009-09-30 (Released:2011-11-30)

参考文献数

56

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This article covers the development of the Austrian foreign policy shift from permanent neutrality to a strong European Engagement after World War II. After World War II, the Allies (USA, Soviet Union, Great Britain, and France) divided Austria into four zones. Neutrality was reached in long and difficult negotiations between the Austrian and the Soviet governments, granting Austrian independence on October, 26, 1955. Neutrality can be seen as the prize Austria had to pay for the withdrawal of Soviet troops from the Austrian territory after ten years of occupation. With neutrality, Austria declared not to join military alliances and would not allow military bases from foreign countries on its territory.From the beginning, Austria's neutrality has been accompanied by an active and independent foreign policy. Unlike Switzerland, Austria joined the United Nations and has played an active part on many UN commissions and committees, in addition to providing troops for several UN peacekeeping operations since 1960.Participation in the economic integration of Western Europe has hardly ever been seen by Austrian politicians to be in conflict with their country's neutrality, so in the 1960s, there were further discussions concerning membership of the European Community. But Austria's neutrality proved to be an obstacle when these discussions were abandoned in the face of strong opposition from the Soviet leadership, which at that time saw the EC as an extension of NATO.The free trade agreements concluded between Austria and the EC in 1972 were regarded as a sufficient basis for economic cooperation with the EC over the next 15 years. It was towards the end of the 1980's that the question of joining the EC was again raised by the Austrian government, with a view to participating in the EC's Single Market.While Austria prepared for membership, the question was to be answered if such a step would be compatible with the status of permanent neutrality being the core of the State Treaty (“Staatsvertrag”) from 1955.In 1988, the Soviet foreign minister, Shevardnadse, was strongly against the EC membership of neutral Austria, but in 1989 its tone was softened and Soviet Union recognized Austria's right to choose its own integration policy. On 17 July 1989, Austrian foreign minister, Mock, handed in Austria's application for EC membership in Brussels.In the aide-memoire from the Austrian government to the EC in 1990, the aim of accession was confirmed: Austria was in the heart of Europe and wished to assume all the rights and obligations of a Community member. Neutrality, it went on, was Austria's “specific contribution to the preservation of peace and security in Europe”. Thus Neutrality has been redefined in order to enable Austria to conduct a policy of European solidarity.

著者

簑和田 寛子

出版者

耳鼻咽喉科臨床学会

雑誌

耳鼻咽喉科臨床 (ISSN:00326313)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.6, pp.735-798, 1969-06-01 (Released:2011-10-14)

参考文献数

517

被引用文献数

2

著者

Yu MORIWAKI Nobuo SAKAI Yoshinori SAWAE Teruo MURAKAMI

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering (ISSN:18809863)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.153-164, 2009 (Released:2009-05-12)

参考文献数

10

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The human forearm with elbow joint has two degrees of freedom of motion. Especially it is noticed that the wide range for the rotation of the forearm (pronation-supination) is attained according to the sophisticated complexity of the human forearm with elbow joint. The elucidation of its movement mechanism is useful for the functional evaluation for the medical treatment and application to the welfare devices for the upper limb. The purpose of this study is to develop the arm model that functionally mimics the musculoskeletal system of the human forearm with elbow joint. In this paper, we made a physical model and the computational models, which replicate the bionic function of the forearm with elbow joint. By estimating the moment arms in a physical model, the mobility of the simplified physical model was evaluated. In the three-dimensional computational forearm bone models different in the geometry, the beneficial property of the centroidal lines of the bones was confirmed to extend the range of motion for the pronation-supination.

著者

渡辺淳一著

出版者

新潮社

巻号頁・発行日

1975

著者

荻野吟子女史顕彰碑建設期成会編集

出版者

瀬棚町

巻号頁・発行日

2004

著者

高見澤潤子著

出版者

主婦の友社

巻号頁・発行日

1976

著者

Duohui Zhou Zhongli Dai Mingde Ren Mingyuan Yang

出版者

International Heart Journal Association

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.2, pp.356-366, 2022-03-30 (Released:2022-03-30)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

9

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Recent studies demonstrated that circular RNAs play important roles in exosome-mediated cardio-protective effects after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). A previous study reported that circ_0001747 level is down-regulated in mouse hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury model. However, its biological role and working mechanism in AMI remain largely unknown.Exosomes were isolated from the culture supernatant of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) using an ExoQuick precipitation kit. We treated mouse myocardial cells HL-1 with H/R to explore the role of exosomal circ_0001747 in AMI pathology. Cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation were analyzed by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine assay, flow cytometry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation assay were conducted to confirm the interaction between microRNA-199b-3p (miR-199b-3p) and circ_0001747 or MCL1 apoptosis regulator, BCL2 family member (MCL1).H/R-induced HL-1 dysfunction was attenuated by the incubation of exosomes derived from ADSCs, especially the exosomes with high amounts of circ_0001747. Circ_0001747 directly targeted miR-199b-3p in HL-1 cells. miR-199b-3p overexpression partly overturned exosomal circ_0001747-mediated protective effects in H/R-induced HL-1 cells. MCL1 was a direct target of miR-199b-3p in HL-1 cells. miR-199b-3p silencing alleviated H/R-induced damage in HL-1 cells partly by up-regulating MCL1. Circ_0001747 can elevate the messenger RNA and protein levels of MCL1 by sequestering miR-199b-3p.Overall, these results indicated that ADSCs-derived exosomes with high amounts of circ_0001747 attenuated H/R-induced HL-1 dysfunction partly by targeting miR-199b-3p/MCL1 signaling.

著者

前田 幹広

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬剤学会

雑誌

薬剤学 (ISSN:03727629)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.6, pp.284-286, 2017-11-01 (Released:2017-11-01)

参考文献数

1

著者

伊藤 正彦

巻号頁・発行日

2006-03

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Supervisor:Ho tu Bao

著者

TRONU CARLA

出版者

京都大学

雑誌

若手研究

巻号頁・発行日

2020-04-01

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Recent research on early modern lay Christians in Japan compensantes for elite-centered earlier studies, but targets only highly Christianized villages or cities. This project studies lay Christians in cities where Christians were minoritarian (like Edo, Kyoto, Fushimi, etc) by looking at the spatial distribution of and tension between churches, mission posts and lay confraternities in order to elucidate the reality of the lay Japanese Christians, and how they engaged at a local level with the transregional and global missionary networks, and the rivalry between Jesuits and Mendicants.