著者
小針 大助
出版者
日本野生動物医学会
雑誌
日本野生動物医学会誌 (ISSN:13426133)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.1, pp.19-23, 2023-04-05 (Released:2023-06-05)
参考文献数
10

近年,動物園における研究や教育活動は必ずしも珍しいものではなくなってきているが,一般的には,まだ研究や教育の場という認識が根付いているとは言い難い。一方で大学も,市民の目に見える形で公開されている研究成果が少なく,地域に根ざしたより実践的な研究の実施とその成果の社会への還元が強く求められている。そこで本学では「地元の大学が,かかりつけの研究機関として地域の動物園をサポートすることで,双方の研究と教育機能強化を図る」ことを目指し,農学部・工学部・教育学部の教員が集まり,2015年から日立市かみね動物園と, 2020年からは千葉市動物公園と研究と教育に関する連携活動を実施している。取り組みとしては,動物園を利用した研究の推進や飼育員による研究活動の支援,動物園のイベント等に大学教員や学生が協力する一方で,大学の授業やインターンシップ等で動物園に協力いただいたりしているが,特にそれぞれの活動の中で,スタッフ一人一人の顔が見え,互いに気軽に相談できるような連携関係を作っていくことを重視している。我々の実施している連携活動は,従来他の大学と動物園の間でも実施されてきている内容で,特に斬新なものではないが,地方大学と地域の動物園が,研究と教育の連携活動を通じて地域の学術文化拠点として根付いていくための一つのモデルになればと考えている。
著者
笠川 浩子
出版者
公益社団法人 日本アイソトープ協会
雑誌
RADIOISOTOPES (ISSN:00338303)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, no.3, pp.293-300, 1963-08-01 (Released:2010-07-21)
参考文献数
15

体内汚染に着目した放射線管理の観点から重要な尿中の全放射能測定方法のうち, 塩基性リン酸塩沈殿への共沈を利用する方法をとりあげ, 実際の管理業務として用いる観点から, 人間の尿を使用し, 種々の問題点を検討した。検討事項はつぎのとおりである。a.尿中放射性物質の回収率に対する尿の個体差の影響, および同一尿における種々の核種の回収率の差。b.操作簡易化のために各検体に加えるNaOH量を一定にすることの可否。c.採尿後, 検査までの放置時間の回収率への影響の有無。d.放射性物質の回収率を左右すると考えられる因子についての考察。著者が試みたいくつかの実験結果から塩基性リン酸塩沈殿への共沈を利用する方法は, (a) 比較的短時間で結果が得られること。 (b) 特殊な技術, 器具および試薬などを必要としないこと。などの利点を備えているが, 実施にさいし (a) 回収率が尿の個体差の影響を受けること。 (b) 回収率が最高となるNaOH添加量を正確に定めがたく, 操作簡易化のために, その量をすべての尿に対して一定にし得ないこと。 (c) 採尿後, 検査までの時間に制約があること。 (d) すべての核種に対して回収率が等しくないこと。などの点を配慮する必要があると考えられる。
著者
Yuya USHIODA Mineo KANEKO
出版者
The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers
雑誌
IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences (ISSN:09168508)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2023VLP0020, (Released:2023-09-04)

Adiabatic logic circuits are regarded as one of the most attractive solutions for low-power circuit design. This study is dedicated to optimizing the design of the Two-Level Adiabatic Logic (2LAL) circuit, which boasts a relatively simple structure and superior low-power performance among many asymptotically adiabatic or quasi-adiabatic logic families, but suffers from a large number of timing buffers for “decompute”. Our focus is on the “early decompute” technique for fully pipelined 2LAL, and we propose two ILP approaches for minimizing hardware cost through optimization of early decompute. In the first approach, the problem is formulated as a kind of scheduling problem, while it is reformulated as node selection problem (stable set problem). The performance of the proposed methods are evaluated using several benchmark circuits from ISCAS-85, and the maximum 70 % hardware reduction is observed compared with an existing method.
出版者
あんふぁんて出版部

あんふぁんての目 新会員訪問インタビューシリーズその(1)あんふぁんてのお金のこと優生保護法改悪反対 集会に参加して署名集め雑感厚生省・職員会館訪問記公開質問状の返事その(2)グループ報告 図書コーナーあんふぁんてからあんふぁんてへ就学時健診あっちからこっちから<続>全P研シンポジウムから情報コーナースタッフから
出版者
グループわいふ

グラビア●自立する女たち 写真・文 野村路子 ブックパワーインタビュー●フィリピンの底辺を行く 三好亜矢子 多国籍企業に食い荒される砂糖とバナナの島特集●成功したしつけ・失敗したしつけ《投稿》 子離しのはなし 高宮みか オチンチンついてるの 折笠和子 しつけに終りはないけれど 属 静特集レポート●母親はどんなとき子どもを叱っているかどこが悪い?日本の子育て 田中喜美子わいふスクラップ帖 キリヌキ菌保菌者同盟コミックライブラリー 青い目の間借人 絵・西田淑子 案・米津加代子わたしのえらぶ画家⑩《野村順子》 佃 堅輔バリカンとウーマンリブ 橋本チエ子《わいふ家庭科》あなたの食卓診断⑤ 竹内冨貴子「妊娠中絶禁止」のホンネとタテマエ わいふ編集部妻たちの蟻地獄 木下律子《読者のページ》らうんど・てーぶる ■随筆■対話のページ■おしゃべりサークルだより書評情報コーナー投稿規定投稿募集編集だより
著者
Yukihiro Hara
出版者
The Medical Association of Nippon Medical School
雑誌
Journal of Nippon Medical School (ISSN:13454676)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.82, no.1, pp.4-13, 2015-02-15 (Released:2015-03-20)
参考文献数
80
被引用文献数
118 156

In recent years, our understanding of motor learning, neuroplasticity and functional recovery after the occurrence of brain lesion has grown significantly. Novel findings in basic neuroscience have provided an impetus for research in motor rehabilitation. The brain reveals a spectrum of intrinsic capacities to react as a highly dynamic system which can change the properties of its neural circuits. This brain plasticity can lead to an extreme degree of spontaneous recovery and rehabilitative training may modify and boost the neuronal plasticity processes. Animal studies have extended these findings, providing insight into a broad range of underlying molecular and physiological events. Neuroimaging studies in human patients have provided observations at the systems level that often parallel findings in animals. In general, the best recoveries are associated with the greatest return toward the normal state of brain functional organization. Reorganization of surviving central nervous system elements supports behavioral recovery, for example, through changes in interhemispheric lateralization, activity of association cortices linked to injured zones, and organization of cortical representational maps. Evidence from animal models suggests that both motor learning and cortical stimulation alter intracortical inhibitory circuits and can facilitate long-term potentiation and cortical remodeling. Current researches on the physiology and use of cortical stimulation animal models and in humans with stroke related hemiplegia are reviewed in this article. In particular, electromyography (EMG) -controlled electrical muscle stimulation improves the motor function of the hemiparetic arm and hand. A multi-channel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) studies in which the hemoglobin levels in the brain were non-invasively and dynamically measured during functional activity found that the cerebral blood flow in the injured sensory-motor cortex area is greatest during an EMG-controlled FES session. Only a few idea is, however, known for the optimal timing of the different processes and therapeutic interventions and for their interactions in detail. Finding optimal rehabilitation paradigms requires an optimal organization of the internal processes of neural plasticity and the therapeutic interventions in accordance with defined plastic time windows. In this review the mechanisms of spontaneous plasticity after stroke and experimental interventions to enhance plasticity are summarized, with an emphasis on functional electrical stimulation therapy.
著者
三好 知美 渡邉 正樹
出版者
日本公衆衛生学会
雑誌
日本公衆衛生雑誌 (ISSN:05461766)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.22-120, (Released:2023-09-05)
参考文献数
42

目的 健康・医療情報の多くは,リスクやベネフィットなどの数量や確率といった数値情報を多く含んでいる。一般市民は,健康・医療情報で提示される数値情報を適切に理解し,情報に基づいた意思決定が求められる。したがって,学齢期からの健康に関する数的思考力(ニューメラシー)向上を目的とした教育が重要となる。ニューメラシーとは,「日常生活における様々な場面において,必要となる数学的な情報や考え方を検索し,活用し,解釈し,伝達する力」と定義される。本研究では,オーストラリアの初等・中等教育の保健体育科教育で行われているニューメラシーに関連する項目について内容を概観し,健康に関するニューメラシー向上のための健康教育の課題を明らかにすることを目的とした。方法 オーストラリアで実施されているニューメラシーに関する教育について,Australian Curriculumの情報を収集し,オーストラリアで実際に用いられている保健体育科の教科書の記載内容について検討した。結果 Australian Curriculumでは,①ニューメラシーは,汎用的能力として位置づけられ,②ニューメラシーは,教科横断的にカリキュラム全体で育成されるべき能力として示され,③保健体育科は,ニューメラシーと関連の高い学習領域の一つに取り上げられており,健康に関するニューメラシーの教育は主に保健体育科で取り扱われていた。保健体育科におけるNumeracy Learning Progressionのうち,保健に関連の高い内容は,「パーセンテージの操作」「数字のパターンと代数的思考」「単位の比較」「測定単位の比較」「測定値の計算」「データの解釈」であり,Year8(13歳)とYear10(15歳)で扱われていた。結論 健康に関する数値情報を正しく理解するために,日本の健康教育においてもニューメラシーを向上する学習が求められる。そのためAustralian Curriculumの保健体育科における健康に関するニューメラシー教育の内容が参考になると考えられた。
著者
大房 剛
出版者
日本応用藻類学会
雑誌
Algal Resources (ISSN:18833284)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, no.1, pp.15-21, 2011 (Released:2021-06-03)

From October 2008 to April 2009, the domestic production of Nori, Porphyra spp, amounted 9,106 million of sheets in Japan, while only 402 million sheets were imported from other countries. That is, 95% of Nori demanded in Japan, has been produced domestically. On the contrary, the import ratio of other seaweed, such as Wakame, Undaria pinnatifida, and Hijiki, Sargassum fusiforme has been quite high. Japan imported over 80% of its annual Wakame demand and approximately 90% of its annual Hijiki from Korea and China. Recently, however, in Japan many problems have been occurring in the edible seaweed industries field in terms of the price which has been kept lower, a skewed age composition of fishermen which is mostly consisted of the aged, and decreasing number of the fishermen. In regard to Wakame and Hijiki, how to maintain the current import volume must be a key issue. It is, therefore, very important to collect the information about cultivating condition of Wakame and Hijiki in Korea and China.
著者
Elizabeth Dean
出版者
The Society of Physical Therapy Science
雑誌
Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, no.9, pp.645-658, 2023 (Released:2023-09-02)
参考文献数
78

This timely evidence synthesis supports the need for an Academy of Plant-based Physical Therapy. Given epidemiological and empirical evidence and the profession’s values and practice scope, the time has come for a specialty of plant-based physical therapy based on population health principles. This review connects these factors. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are largely nutrition-related resulting from unnatural elements of our diet (i.e., heart disease, several cancers, hypertension, stroke, diabetes, obesity, gastrointestinal diseases, autoimmune diseases, renal disease, and Alzheimer’s disease). Most adults, even children, have NCD risk factors or manifestations. Alternatively, plant-based nutrition can prevent, manage, as well as potentially reverse these diseases, as well as augment conventional physical therapy outcomes by reducing inflammation and pain. Proposed competencies for plant-based physical therapists include high-level competency in health and NCD risk assessments/evaluations, to establish population health-informed nutrition needs for maximal health, healing and repair, in turn, function and wellbeing; and assessment of patients’ nutrition-related knowledge, beliefs/attitudes, self-efficacy, and readiness-to-change. Population-informed nutritional counseling is initiated as indicated. An Academy of Plant-based Physical Therapy could advance the profession globally at this point in history and also serve as a role model to other health professions through practicing evidence-based, plant-based nutrition built upon population health principles.
著者
石井 知行
出版者
日本医科大学医学会
雑誌
日本医科大学雑誌 (ISSN:00480444)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.50, no.1, pp.96-116, 1983-02-15 (Released:2009-07-10)
参考文献数
89

The alcoholics were diagnosed and classified based on the criteria, offered at the Alcoholism Diagnostic Conference (1977) which was held under the auspices of the Ministry of Welfare, Japan. Grade of cerebral atrophy was estimated. Measurement items on the Computed Tomography (CT Scan) which contributed to discrimination among these groups were investigated simultaneously.The study consisted of seventy-five alcoholic patients and control group of ninety-four who were devoid of any evidence for alcoholism. Influential factors which were involved in cerebral atrophy of the alcoholic groups were investigated and factorial analysis was completed. There was a definite increase in cerebral atrophy during the aging process in patients with long term durations of drinking alcohol. There was a close correlation between age and duration of drin-king alcohol.Each group was compared by one-way classification analysis of variance on power normal distribution. There were significant differences between the alcoholics and the controls among all CT items. Enlargement of ventricles was recognized in the alcoholics. Also, significant differences were recognized according to the Ventricle index, the Evans' index, the Huckman number, and the width of Sylvian fissure between alcoholic dementia and other alcoholic psycho-ses. The degree of the enlargement of ventricles was extremely striking in alcoholic dementia.The results of one-way classification analysis of variance concerning the vertical diameter of the fourth ventricle showed a significant difference between the alcoholics and the controls. A tendency for cerebellar atrophy existed in the alcoholics.A regression analysis of CT items on age was performed. It was noticed that there was a parallel between the regression lines of the alcoholics and the controls, with the only difference being in the grade of CT items. Furthermore, another important finding was noticed in the 27-78 year range which indicated the same ratio between the alcoholics and the controls in the development of the enlargement of the ventricular systems (central atrophy). The mean value and standard deviation of each measurement item in each age stratum and each diagnostic group indicated that cerebral atrophy was much higher in the younger alcoholic group than in the aged control group. It was suggested that cerebral atrophy which developed as a result of the abnormal process of alcohol dependence appeared in the early stages of dependence and was more severe than atrophy caused by the physiological process of aging. In spite of continuous alcohol depen-dence, this atrophy did not make any rapid progress as anticipated in comparison with the control group. Once the initial atrophy developed, the rate of progression was the same in both the alcoholics and the controls. However, it was shown that cerebral atrophy started early in the initial stages of alcohol dependence, whereas physiological atrophy mainly started later in the natural process of aging.It was observed that a significant difference existed between the alcoholics and the controls after Kruskal-Wallis Test and Dunn-Multiple Comparison Test against the cortical sulcus (C.S) item. That is, cerebral cortical atrophy was seen in the alcoholics.After the results of canonical discriminant analysis against 9 CT items, the Ventricle index definitely contributed both in the discrimination between the alcoholics and the controls and in the discrimination between alcoholic dementia and other alcoholic psychoses. Furthermore, the horizontal diameter of the third ventricle contributed to the latter discrimination, while the Evans' index contributed to the former discrimination.