著者

嶋田 晴行

出版者

一般財団法人 アジア政経学会

雑誌

アジア研究 (ISSN:00449237)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.3, pp.45-58, 2010-07-31 (Released:2014-09-15)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

1

---

Nine years after the collapse of the Taliban regime, the hope and optimism that the Afghan people held prior to the presidential election in 2004 seem to have declined. The deteriorating security situation has demanded the reconstruction and expansion of the security sector (national army and police) as the top priority. In fact, some measures, such as increasing the number of army and police staff members, have been taken, but the improvement in the quality is at a standstill. Accordingly, the dependence of the security sector of Afghanistan on the NATO-led International Security Assistance Forces (ISAF) has been increasing.Even though there has been no distinct change in the fragile fiscal structures, which historically rely greatly on external assistance, a policy of upgrading the facilities, equipment, training, and salary levels in the security sector will create further pressure. Moreover, questions will be raised about the sustainability.In order to achieve successful state-building, restoring security and confidence in the government is crucial. In addition, it is necessary to establish a self-reliant fiscal structure. Nevertheless, things have not progressed well due to the worsening security situation in Afghanistan. However, because of increasing casualities and fiscal pressure, scepticism about assistance to Afghanistan has grown among the countries that have provided considerable inputs to Afghanistan. As a result, the governments of Canada and the Netherlands have announced timelines for withdrawal of their military units. Moreover, even the US declared its intention to start withdrawal of its military presence in the summer of 2011 in exchange for a short-term additional dispatch and further assistance to the Afghan security sector.Such a strengthening of assistance in the Afghan security sector would be a ‘localization’ of the security affairs and an ‘exit strategy’ for foreign stakeholders. However, this strategy cannot be achieved in a short period of time. Eventually, dependency on external resources will continue.Such dependency will result in an unstable situation in Afghanistan because external assistance tends to fluctuate due to political and economic reasons. Therefore, drawing a blueprint for Afghanistan’s future is a difficult task. However, stabilization in Afghanistan will contribute to regional stabilization in the Middle East, Central Asia and South Asia. Appealing to external stakeholders to share the burden and accept long-term involvement with Afghanistan is the key to success in Afghan state-building.

著者

松村優哉 [ほか] 著

出版者

技術評論社

巻号頁・発行日

2021

出版者

日本選挙学会

雑誌

選挙研究 (ISSN:09123512)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.87-119, 2016 (Released:2019-12-01)

著者

宮下 芳明

雑誌

情報処理

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.8, pp.743-745, 2017-07-15

著者

阪口 紗季

雑誌

情報処理学会論文誌デジタルコンテンツ(DCON) (ISSN:21878897)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.2, pp.iv-vi, 2018-08-20

著者

Akio Tanikawa

出版者

Arachnological Society of Japan

雑誌

Acta Arachnologica (ISSN:00015202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.2, pp.91-93, 2006 (Released:2007-04-10)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

1 1

---

A new lycosid species, Hippasa babai, is described using the specimens from Yonagunijima Is., which can be distinguished from H. holmerae Thorell 1895 by short male papal tibia as well as broad and thick projection of epigynum.

著者

田山花袋 著

出版者

春陽堂

巻号頁・発行日

1916

著者

宮岸 哲也 李 紹恩

出版者

安田女子大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2016-04-01

---

本研究では、チベット=ビルマ語派のゾゾ語について、民話の音声データと、基本動詞と授与補助動詞構文の用例データを収集した。これらのデータに基づき、ゾゾ語の格助詞、名詞句構造、連体修飾構造、体言化、授与補助動詞構文について詳細に記述した。特に、ゾゾ語の授与補助動詞構文については、与益・与害の用法のみならず、非意図的な事態を表わす非能動的用法があることを見つけた。更に、これらを同様の授与補助動詞構文を持つ他の諸言語と対照した結果、授与補助動詞構文における文法化の過程の類型的規則性を示すことができた。

著者

日本人材機構編著

出版者

きんざい (発売)

巻号頁・発行日

2020

著者

松山 薫

出版者

Tokyo Geographical Society

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.106, no.3, pp.332-355, 1997-06-25 (Released:2010-04-23)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

4 4

---

Military establishments are special kinds of public facilities which are not oriented to common users and are under direct government control. To verify their strong spatial influence, the author reviewed a series of policies on the disposal of national properties, and studied changing land use of the former military airfields in the Kanto District.With the end of World War II, a large number of military establishments and properties all over Japan lost their functions. Many of them were released for public use and others were taken over by U.S. military. Their disposal was affected by three groups of government policies : fundamental laws on the disposal of national property exercised by the Finance Ministry; several policies on postwar reconstruction, industrial promotion, regional development, etc. ; and the occupation policies with military purposes and defense policies based on the Security Treaty between Japan and U.S.A.Based on the investigations covering 60 airfields in the Kanto District, the author has found that three stages characterize the major patterns of land use conversion.In the first stage (1945-1960), most of the former Japanese military airfields became farmlands for food supply and unemployment relief under the reclamation policy. The other airfields, especially those located closer to the metropolis, remained for military use by the U.S. Armed Forces.The second stage (1960-1975) corresponds with the period of rapid economic development, and a lot of industrial estates were developed on the former airfields. Most of them were converted from reclaimed farmlands. Another conspicuous land use emerging on the former airfields in this period was military use by the Japanese Self Defense Forces, taking over the U.S. military bases or reclaimed farmland.The third stage (1975-) is characterized by large-scale redevelopment for public purposes on the former U.S. military airfields which were returned to the Japanese Government.Although these three stages generally correspond with the Japanese socio-economic changes throughout the postwar period, some of the land use changes preceded general changes, because they were authorized by the government policies.Actual cases of the changing of land use on the 60 airfields are classified into five types : A (farmlands), B (farmlands to industrial sites), C (U.S. military to public use), D (U.S.military or Japanese Self Defense Forces), and E (farmlands or U.S. military to airfields). The average distance from the metropolis is the greatest in type A, followed by B and D. C and E are situated closest to the metropolis. Type C has had the most extensive and various spatial effects on surrounding areas. It is also worth noting that the boundaries of former military airfields can be easily identified in many cases even after land use conversion.These changes have influenced various aspects of the changing spatial structure in the Kanto District, mainly because of the land property characteristics (large-scale area, firm ground surface, land ownership with grid pattern, etc.) and historical factors (former national lands with special public facilities).

著者

清水 真弓 湯浅 賢治 神田 重信

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本歯科放射線学会

雑誌

歯科放射線 (ISSN:03899705)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.4, pp.279-284, 1991-12-30 (Released:2011-09-05)

参考文献数

19

---

On the sialogram of the submandibular gland, ducts and/or glands communicating with Wharton's duct are sometimes seen and considered to be the major sublingual gland or accessory submandibular gland.But no distinct definition of the major sublingual gland image on sialograms is so far given.We defined, therefore, the major sublingual gland image on sialograms mainly referring to anatomical literature. The frequency of appearance of the major sublingual gland image on sialograms was also examined.Our results include:1. The major sublingual gland was defined as follows on the sialogram of the submandibular gland: the gland which has a duct communicating with Wharton's duct within 10mm from the orifice.2. The major sublingual gland was identified on 64 out of 553 submandibular gland sialograms.

著者

井上 博文 重野 芳人 徳田 昌則 大谷 正康 東口 方也 本吉 実 松永 久 児玉 文男 大矢 龍夫 別所 永康 中西 恭二 江島 彬夫 石坂 邦彦 数土 文夫 香月 淳一 川名 昌志 安藤 遼 中谷 元彦 川見 明 池田 隆果 松尾 亨

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.2, pp.A17-A36, 1978-02-01 (Released:2010-03-15)

被引用文献数

4

著者

後藤 倫子 Rinko Goto

出版者

同志社法學會

雑誌

同志社法學 = The Doshisha Hogaku (The Doshisha law review) (ISSN:03877612)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.2, pp.599-671, 2018-07-31

---

ジェノサイド条約は、国際連合の下で準備作業が進められ、1948年12月9日に国際連合総会の全会一致の下で採択された。本稿は、「ジェノサイド」の造語を編み出し、ジェノサイド条約の準備作業にも参加したラファエル・レムキンが本条約の内容に与えた影響について、本条約の準備作業以前の彼の条約構想と本条約の規定を、準備作業の過程を踏まえて比較・検討することで、明らかにすることを目的とする。

著者

中村 泰 徳光 直樹 成田 貴一 佐藤 義智 久次米 章 伊藤 孝道 森 隆資 喜多村 実 熊井 浩 児玉 文男 大堀 佳彦 東口 方也 三好 俊吉 田口 喜代美 白谷 勇介 荒木 英夫 古賀 敬造 大喜多 義道 川見 明 中島 和徳 成田 進 海保 信恵 古崎 宣 増尾 久 尾上 俊雄 石井 照朗 植村 健一郎 加藤 直 平山 俊三 宇野 克洋 三崎 晴夫 桜場 和雅 木村 博則 丸川 雄浄 豊田 守 伊藤 洋一 矢野 芳則 米沢 戴 松原 嘉市 別所 勇 高田 寿

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.11, pp.S438-S449, 1974-09-10 (Released:2010-10-12)

被引用文献数

4 4

著者

高井蘭山 著

出版者

岡田茂兵衛等

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3編 巻之2, 0000

出版者

日本国有鉄道建設局

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第12回, 1962

著者

安田 純

出版者

立命館大学

巻号頁・発行日

2020-03-31

著者

井奥 加奈 高田 陽子 青山 紗弓 竹井 よう子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本食品科学工学会

雑誌

日本食品科学工学会誌 (ISSN:1341027X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.4, pp.190-195, 2005 (Released:2007-04-13)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

3 4

---

野菜類におけるフラボノイド含有量の季節変動を検討するため, 6月に流通する主な市販野菜のフラボノイド含有量とピーマンに含まれるケルセチン・ルテオリン含有量の季節変動を検討した. ピーマンにおいては10-12月にケルセチン・ルテオリン含有量とも多くなり, 5-6月に減少する傾向がみられた. フラボノイド含有量が多い時期は, 産地間の含有量にも有意な差がみられた. そこで, 緑黄色野菜5種類 (ケール, こまつな, ほうれんそう, チンゲンサイ, 青じそ) に関して6月におけるケルセチン含有量と1月におけるケルセチン含有量を比較した. その結果, ケルセチン含有量の多いケール以外では有意な差がみられなかった. したがって, 野菜類のフラボノイド含有量の季節変動は変動が大きな野菜と小さな野菜がある可能性が示唆された.

著者

関 義正

出版者

THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY

雑誌

動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.2, pp.101-111, 2019 (Released:2019-12-18)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

1 1

---

Rhythmic entrainment, or synchronization, to musical rhythm is universally observed in almost all human culture; however, in non-human animals, this kind of behavior has been demonstrated only by some specific species. Thus, exploring the evolutional origin and the psychological substrate for this capability is an attractive research topic. This article reviews recent studies tackling this question and relevant researches, then, introduces a hypothesis explaining the origin of the prominent capability for rhythmic synchronization in humans.

著者

石破 洋 Hiroshi ISHIBA

雑誌

島根女子短期大学紀要 (ISSN:02889226)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, pp.A13-A24, 1998-03-30