著者

Teruaki TOZAKI Fumio SATO Mutsuki ISHIMARU Mio KIKUCHI Hironaga KAKOI Kei-ichi HIROTA Shun-ichi NAGATA

出版者

日本ウマ科学会

雑誌

Journal of Equine Science (ISSN:13403516)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.3, pp.107-114, 2016 (Released:2016-09-30)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1 11

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Ligand-dependent nuclear receptor compressor-like (LCORL) encodes a transcription factor, and its polymorphisms are associated with measures of skeletal frame size and adult height in several species. Recently, the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) BIEC2-808543 located upstream of LCORL was identified as a genetic diagnostic marker associated with withers height in Thoroughbreds. In this study, 322 Thoroughbreds-in-training were genotyped for BIEC2-808543 to evaluate the association between genotype and body composition traits, including body weight, withers height, the ratio of body weight to withers height, chest circumference, and cannon circumference. Of these, withers height and cannon circumference were significantly associated with LCORL genotypes throughout almost the entire training period in males and females. Animals with a C/T genotype had higher withers height (maximum differences of 1.8 cm and 2.1 cm in males and females, respectively) and cannon circumstance (maximum differences of 0.65 cm and 0.48 cm in males and females, respectively) compared with animals with a T/T genotype. These results suggested that the regulation of LCORL expression influences the skeletal frame size in Thoroughbreds and thus, indirectly affects the body weight. Although LCORL and BIEC2-808543 would be useful for selective breeding in Thoroughbreds, the production of genetically modified animals and gene doping based on genetic information should be prohibited in order to maintain racing integrity.

著者

Yousuke MAEDA Michiko HANADA Masa-aki OIKAWA

出版者

日本ウマ科学会

雑誌

Journal of Equine Science (ISSN:13403516)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.3, pp.81-97, 2016 (Released:2016-09-30)

参考文献数

141

被引用文献数

21

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This report describes the descriptive epidemiology of racing fractures that occurred from the 1980s to 2000s on racetracks of the Japan Racing Association (JRA). The incidence of racehorse fractures during flat racing was approximately 1–2%. Fractures occurring during a race are more likely to occur in a forelimb. Fractures mostly occur at the third and fourth corners of oval tracks and on the home stretch. They also occur more frequently at the time of changing the leading limb. Comparison of the incidence of racing fracture between before and after reconstruction of the geometrical configuration of a racetrack revealed that there was an outstanding reduction in the number of serious fractures in the year before and after reconstruction. It was postulated that the improvement in racing time, possibly influenced by reconstructing the geometrical configuration of the racetrack, was connected to the reduction in the number of fractures. Of non-biological race- and course-related factors, type of course (dirt or turf), track surface condition, differences between racecourses, and racing distance significantly influence racing time. By using an instrumented shoe, vertical ground reaction forces (VGRFs) on the forelimb during galloping and the relationships between a rough dirt and woodchip track surface and a smooth dirt and woodchip surface were measured. Relating the incidence of racing fractures with track conditions in general showed that track surface has significant effects on the incidence of fracture, with the incidence of fractures increasing as track conditions on dirt worsen and a tendency for the incidence of fractures to decrease as track conditions on turf worsen. It seems probable that track condition in general may affect the incidence of fracture. The incidence of fracture in horses during both racing and training decreased as the years progressed.

著者

Kanichi KUSANO Masahiko YAMAZAKI Masataka KIUCHI Kouki KANEKO Katsuhiro KOYAMA

出版者

日本ウマ科学会

雑誌

Journal of Equine Science (ISSN:13403516)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.3, pp.125-129, 2016 (Released:2016-09-30)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

11

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The oxidant and antioxidant equilibrium is known to play an important role in equine medicine and equine exercise physiology. There are abundant findings in this field; however, not many studies have been conducted for reference ranges of oxidative stress biomarkers in horses. This study was conducted to determine the reference values of reactive oxygen metabolites (d-ROMs) and biological antioxidant potential (BAP) using blood samples from 372 (191 males, 181 females) Thoroughbred racehorse aged 2 to 5 (3.43 ± 1.10 (mean ± SD)) years old. There were obvious gender differences in oxidative biomarkers, and growth/age-related changes were observed especially in females. Gender and age must be considered when interpreting obtained oxidative stress biomarkers for diagnosis of disease or fitness alterations in Thoroughbred racehorses.

著者

永田 斉寿 飯塚 日向子 北原 正彦

出版者

日本環境動物昆虫学会

雑誌

環動昆 (ISSN:09154698)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.4, pp.153-165, 2006-12-15

被引用文献数

2

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2004年4月から2005年11月まで,福島県いわき市の3地域において,トランセクト法によるチョウ類調査を行った.調査の結果,石森山では7科54種1348個体,水石山では8科49種1416個体,仏具山では8科56種1080個体のチョウ類が確認された.3地域全体では8科69種3844個体が確認された.この中で環境省(2000)のレッドリストの準絶滅危惧2種を確認できた.また,分布地域を北東方向に拡大しているツマグロヒョウモン,アオスジアゲハ,モンキアゲハ,ウラギンシジミ,ムラサキシジミなども確認された.3地域全体を込みにしたいわき市の優占種構成は,関東北部地域のそれと類似しており,両地域間で似たような群集構成を持っていることが示唆された.一方,3地域間の比較では,最大種数(56種)は仏具山で確認されたが,森林性スペシヤリストの種数は石森山で最大であった(11種).水石山は確認種数は最も少なかった(49種)が,3地域の中では,草原性種の平均密度が最も高く,森林性種のそれを上回っていた.以上の3地域間の群集構造の違いは,各々の地域の人為的撹乱度の違い,環境構造や植生の違いなどが主に影響しているものと考えられた.3地域の環境評価段階は各評価指数によって違いが認められたものの,3地域共に中自然〜多自然,もしくは二次段階から原始段階の中に収まることが分かり,調査した3地域は都市の近郊に位置しているものの,チョウ類群集にとっては比較的良好な生息環境が維持・提供されているものと判断された.

著者

居城 舜子

出版者

経済理論学会

雑誌

季刊経済理論 (ISSN:18825184)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.3, pp.19-31, 2007-10-20

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As a means by which the countries in Europe and North America will cancel the gender pay gap after the 1980s, the principle of equal pay for equal work or for work of equal value, in other words, the pay equity strategy (PE) has been adopted. However, several researchers have redefined this strategy in recent years. This paper aims at considering the process and background of deployment of PE strategy and the meaning of this redefinition and including the implication to Japan. All the EU Member States already prohibit direct/indirect discrimination based on sex by legislation, They consider of wage differentials which are not justified by the objective base as wage discrimination, and equal work or the same value labor equal pay is applied. The state law which specified PE has been introduced in many states of the United States and Canada is introduced. However, the question and the objection are taken out to the effect of PE strategy based on the job evaluation system (JES) which is a means to measure the equal value in Europe and North America by expansion of deregulation of the labor market in the 90s, and the trial which pursues the new possibility of PE strategy has appeared. The one is a measure of Canada or ILO which strengthens the law about the existing PE and raises the effectiveness of PE strategy. Not only the measure against wage discrimination but the opinion of Hartmann who emphasizes various strategies based on the gender discriminating analysis incorporating housekeeping, child-rearing and a life cycle has appeared. In recent years, Jill Rubery has proposed that attention should be paid to workplace environment, a wage structure and many factors that affect indirect discrimination Gender Mainstreamed Analysis of Pay Gaps. Rubery perceives the difference in the wage structure between each country, and analyzes their differences and GPG. Consequently, it became clear that the difference in GPG and a female wage level are influenced by the difference among many elements which determines the structure of wages, such as labor agreement, the minimum wage system, and a salary system. Therefore, it is inadequate just to carry out legislation, regulation, and surveillance, and a measure to the element which determines the wage structure of each country is needed. In Japan, the enactment of PE is still a subject. Since many researchers point out that gender discrimination remains strongly entrenched in the workplace, gender-specific measures are still important. Furthermore, we should also observe the structure of wages as a reduction measure of gender pay gap from now on so that Rubery may suggest. A minimum wage level (the percentage to an average-wages level is 36.5%) in Japan is quite low as compared with Western countries. The level of a minimum wage has not gone up but the inequality of wages is expanded. As the part-time worker of less than 115% of wages of a minimum wage frame has reached 28% of the whole part, improving of a minimum wage is also a concern of female laborers' subject. Since the scope is wide and the regulation of the minimum wage is strong, its effectiveness is high as a reduction measure of gender pay gap. More attention should be paid to the measures which pull up the minimum wage from a new viewpoint.

著者

太田 俊也 塚谷 秀範 根津 定満 柏尾 栄 近藤 正 山田 泰博 田中 郁夫 今林 泰

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.35, pp.171-176, 2011

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For the central stations in big cities that serve regional area, it is impossible to discontinue the railway operations and difficult to transfer the railway tracks. The passengers' safety and convenience need to be secured at first in order to start the development of the stations. This paper describes the case of JR Hakata Station project which solved such issues in the large central station development which were restricted by urban conditions, using various structural methods and techniques.

出版者

日経BP社

雑誌

日経ビジネス (ISSN:00290491)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1114, pp.34-36, 2001-10-29

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福岡市の中心部を流れる那珂川。川の東側に博多駅、西側には繁華街の天神や福岡市役所がある。この川を挟んで「なぜ税金が違うのか」と憤る会社社長がいる。中堅印刷会社を経営するA社長だ。 A社長は1999年2月、地元の中小企業で構成する経済団体で税制問題を扱う責任者に就任した。なり手がないこの役職を渋々引き受けた経緯がある。

著者

橋本 晴行 松永 勝也 南里 康久

出版者

日本自然災害学会

雑誌

自然災害科学 (ISSN:02866021)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.43-58, 2001-05-31

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

3

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Short-time heavy rains caught people in the northern part of Kyushu on June 29,1999. In particular the biggest rainfall rate of about 100mm/h was measured in the eastern district of Fukuoka City. As a result the Mikasa River and the Sannou-Channel River overflowed their banks and the flooding water moved down the roads to the JR Hakata-eki Station. Many office buildings, subway station, shopping area of the Hakata-eki Station and the roads were inundated with water. The economic activity of Fukuoka City was damaged during the flood. After the flood disaster we had interviewed the residents and office workers from July 5 to 30 to investigate the overflowing period, and the direction and depth of inundation flow. Furthermore we had made questionnaire survey to know the response and consciousness of the residents and office workers to the flood disaster from August 6 to 30. It is found that the Sannou-Channel River began to overflow the banks around 9 : 00 and the Mikasa River around 9 : 30 on June 29. Flooding water reached JR Hakata-eki Station around 10 : 20. The response of the residents and office workers to the present flood was slow and their consciousness was weak.

著者

白石 稔 川崎 英正 村上 祐二 瀧 圭介 間宮 裕子 菊池 忍

雑誌

日本整形外科スポーツ医学会雑誌 = Japanese journal of orthopaedic sports medicine (ISSN:13408577)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.3, 2001-09-13

著者

岡田 空海地 里中 直樹 藤原 徳一 上村 匡敬 須賀 一彦 柴田 政明

出版者

一般社団法人日本機械学会

雑誌

設計工学・システム部門講演会講演論文集 (ISSN:13480286)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2012, no.22, pp."3406-1"-"3406-8", 2012-09-26

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Recently various measures are made towards realization of low carbon society. Water-power generation is one leading policy. However, development of the small-scale water-power generation to power consumption, such as a plain part, is not fully progressing. Therefore, this research aims to develop the micro water-power generation equipment which used the new type of turbine. For developing new type of turbine called the tornado type, its prototype model experiment and numerical simulation are performed and the various parameters of the turbine are determined and the manufacturing checks are performed. Then, we conducted the profile data of turbine generated by the 3D-CAD, production of the prototype model by using RP equipment, and the check experiments of operation by the produced the prototype model. Moreover, cutting of the actual turbine by using 5-axis processing machine with the tool path data generated by the 3D-CAM was also performed. As a result, we confirmed that the rapid prototyping model is possible to rotate in the water flow. In addition, in the actual cutting experiment of the turbine, we confirmed that it is possible to manufacture of the turbine by 5-axis processing machine.

著者

田中 純夫 佐渡 幹也 西田 敬志

出版者

日本教育心理学会

雑誌

日本教育心理学会総会発表論文集

巻号頁・発行日

no.56, 2014-10-26

著者

平田 拓

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬理学会

雑誌

日本薬理学雑誌 (ISSN:00155691)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.140, no.4, pp.146-150, 2012 (Released:2012-10-10)

参考文献数

10

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不対電子のエネルギー吸収を特異的に検出することができる電子常磁性共鳴(EPR)分光(電子スピン共鳴,ESRとも呼ばれる)は,フリーラジカル分子の研究において強力な計測手法となっている.EPR分光は,核磁気共鳴(NMR)とは兄弟関係にある磁気共鳴分光法であり,NMRイメージング(核スピンの可視化)同様に電子スピンの分布を可視化するイメージング法も30年来研究されてきた.近年になり,短時間で電子スピンの3次元空間分布を計測する技術が開発された.本稿では,高速EPRイメージングを用いて,生体内の酸化還元状態を可視化する,レドックス計測について紹介する.電子スピンの緩和時間は,ナノ秒からマイクロ秒のオーダーであり,NMRと同様のパルス法による計測は容易ではない.特に,生体を対象とする低周波・低磁場のEPR計測では,連続波を用いた計測が主に用いられている.高速に磁場を掃引するEPRイメージング装置の開発により,生体内で寿命が短いフリーラジカル種の検出,測定が可能になった.また,ニトロキシルラジカルの寿命は溶液または生体中の還元作用の強さを反映するため,ニトロキシルラジカルの信号の消失速度を測定することにより,酸化還元状態(レドックス)をマッピングする方法を説明する.通常,3次元画像計測は長い計測時間が必要とされ,生体内でのレドックスマップを得ることは容易ではなかったが,計測技術の進歩により新しい生体計測への応用も可能になった.

著者

平田 拓 藤井 博匡 伊藤 康一 藤井 博匡 伊藤 康一 赤羽 英夫

出版者

北海道大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2006

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実験小動物として用いられるマウスを対象として、電子スピン共鳴(ESR)イメージング法の研究を行った。マウス頭部を計測する650MHzのマイクロ波共振器を作製し、ESR分光装置を改良した。また、スライス選択ESR画像を取得するイメージング法を開発した。さらに、データ取得を高速化することにより、マウス頭部において、半減時が短い六員環のナイトロキシルラジカルを可視化することに成功した。

出版者

日経BP社

雑誌

日経アーキテクチュア (ISSN:03850870)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1033, pp.36-38, 2014-10-10

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事例コンビニ出店の迅速化を支援品質の高い建物を早く入手して事業効率を高める。そんな発注者ニーズに応えるには川上段階で迅速な意思決定ができる仕組みづくりが不可欠だ。先進的な民間発注者はBIMを自らの業務プロセスに取り込もうとしている。

著者

三木羅風 著

出版者

アルス

巻号頁・発行日

1926

著者

マリヴォー作 鈴木康司訳

出版者

咲良舎

巻号頁・発行日

1995

著者

難波 敦子 成 暁 宮川 金二郎

出版者

日本家政学会

雑誌

日本家政学会誌 = Journal of home economics of Japan (ISSN:09135227)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2, pp.193-197, 1998-02-01

参考文献数

6

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A search for the correlation between Japanese and Chinese food cultures identified the production of natto, a non-salted and fermented soybean product, in China. Natto is prepared by Jingpo-zu in Dehong Thai-zu Jingpo-zu Province of Yunnan in China. Boiled soybean covered with bamboo grass, straw or loquat leaves is left to ferment in a bamboo basket. After fermentation, it is eaten with pepper, or salt and pepper is added to produce a seasoning like Japanese miso. Salted natto is also dried for storage as drynatto, and some natto is used to prepare Shui-douchi a kind of supplementary food. Our search indicates that the nattoline from Nepal via Bhutan and Myanmar that has been presented by Sasaki can be extended to Yunnan in China.

著者

山口 一臣

出版者

成城大学

雑誌

成城大學經濟研究 (ISSN:03874753)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.162, pp.199-254, 2003-11-20

著者

山口 一臣

出版者

成城大学

雑誌

成城大學經濟研究 (ISSN:03874753)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.161, pp.27-68, 2003-06-20

著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1902年09月02日, 1902-09-02