著者
木村 建哉
出版者
成城大学
雑誌
成城美学美術史 (ISSN:13405861)
巻号頁・発行日
no.20, pp.1-18, 2014-03

The Castle of Cagliostro (1979) is the first feature film (long film) by MIYAZAKI Hayao, the most famous Japanese anime director. In this article I will show that this animation film is a typical swashbuckler very much influenced by classical Hollywood ones. For that purpose, I first argue what classical Hollywood swashbucklers are, and briefly explain the history of this genre (or subgenre of adventure movies). Second I clarify typical traits of narratives and ways of directing of classical Hollywood swashbucklers. Then I show not only that The Castle of Cagliostro is a typical swashbuckler but also that it is one of the best swashbucklers in the film history, and I suggest that influences of classical Hollywood movies should be more taken into account in thinking about and analyzing MIYAZAKI's films.The Castle of Cagliostro (1979) is the first feature film (long film) by MIYAZAKI Hayao, the most famous Japanese anime director. In this article I will show that this animation film is a typical swashbuckler very much influenced by classical Hollywood ones. For that purpose, I first argue what classical Hollywood swashbucklers are, and briefly explain the history of this genre (or subgenre of adventure movies). Second I clarify typical traits of narratives and ways of directing of classical Hollywood swashbucklers. Then I show not only that The Castle of Cagliostro is a typical swashbuckler but also that it is one of the best swashbucklers in the film history, and I suggest that influences of classical Hollywood movies should be more taken into account in thinking about and analyzing MIYAZAKI's films.
著者
山田 壮志郎
出版者
一般社団法人日本社会福祉学会
雑誌
社会福祉学 (ISSN:09110232)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.53, no.1, pp.67-78, 2012-05-31

近年,一部の無料低額宿泊所が,ホームレスを対象とした貧困ビジネスであるとして社会問題化している.本稿の目的は,2010年に厚生労働省が行った調査の個票データを分析することを通じて無料低額宿泊所の現状を明らかにすることである.特に本稿では,無料低額宿泊所の特質である利用料の低廉性と居住の一時性について検討した.その結果,第1に,無料低額宿泊所の宿泊料は近隣の一般住宅の家賃と同程度以上であるが,居室の水準は一般住宅と同程度以上とはいいがたいことが分かった.また第2に,入所期間が1年以上の長期に及んでいる入所者が6割近くに上っており,その背景には入所者の生活保護費に関する地方負担の仕組みが一般住宅への転居を阻害していることがあると推測された.問題解決のためには,ホームレスに対する生活保護行政が無料低額宿泊所に依存することなく運用できる環境を整備することが必要である.
著者
関 修
出版者
日本医学哲学・倫理学会
雑誌
医学哲学 医学倫理 (ISSN:02896427)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.15, pp.33-47, 1997

1. Medical Philosophy, Ethics and Problems of Homosexuality. The various concepts of sexuality were invented by psychopathology in the late 19th Century. In the DSM-III-R of 1987, homosexuality suddenly became normal from abnormal. However transgender remains an illness, as it was before. It is only a political problem. Another important problem is about AIDS. In Japan, there is discrimination between AIDS caused by medicine and AIDS caused by other factors. 2. Homosexuality as Thought : Situation of modern French Thought. In France, The "May Revolution" of 1968 caused the foundation of a new university : Paris 8th (Vancennes). One of its founders, Rene Scherer began his first lecture on sexuality in the faculty of Philosophy. His partner, Guy Hocquenghem, founded FHAR. Recently, Red and Black-Homosexuals in France after 1968 by F.Martel was published. However, Prof. Scherer has told me it is a defective book. 3. Thought of G. Hocquenghem : concerning homosexual desire. The originality of Hocquenghem's thought seems to lie in his idea of forming "a group of subjects" through the anus. The creation of relations among others by anality stands against ideas of couples. Being homosexual is not a means to attain self-identification, but a means to be out of self, to become a foreigner. It is also an escape to an infinite drifting from a stiff identity. 4. The Voice of M. Foucault : Homosexuality as a form of existence. Foucault's thought about homosexuality summarizes two points. First, to be homosexual is not correct ; to become homosexual is correct. He takes "gay" to create a new form of existence. Therefore, he does not think coming-out to be inevitable. Secondly, his problem is to begin to love among individuals. It means that "I" is more essential than sexuality. Here there seems to be fascination for passivity. 5. Conclusion : In Japan, they say "gay" is already out of fashion : now "queer" replaces it. However, such nomenclature is only a matter of fashion. To my regret, regular studies on gayness or queerness are not carried out in Japan. Now, it is necessary to study homosexuality as thought. That means to meet various thoughts not only to introduce and imitate them but to get involved in them : to have a mind of "hospitality". That is a critically needed task in Japan.

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著者
中村 一基 NAKAMURA Kazumoto
出版者
岩手大学語文学会
雑誌
岩大語文 (ISSN:09191127)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, pp.1-9, 1996-01-01
著者
冨安 昭彦 冨安 昭彦
出版者
千葉大学
雑誌
千葉大学社会文化科学研究 (ISSN:13428403)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.10, pp.79-93, 2005-03-31

本稿はデューク大学出版の季刊誌『レズビアン&ゲイ・スタディーズ』(GLQ)のトランスジェンダー特集号(1998年)で発表された、歴史学者ジョアン・マイエロウィッツの論文の翻訳である。[Meyerowitz, Joanne, "Sex Change and the Popular Press : Historical Notes on Transsexuality in the United States, 1930-1955," GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies, 4:2(1998), pp.159-187]マイエロウィッツはこの論文のなかで、従来のトランスセクシュアリティに関する歴史認識の見直しを主張する。そして、20世紀初めにヨーロッパで興った性別変更の医療化の過程、さらに、1930-50年代のアメリカで公表された性別変更の報道などの分析を通じて、当時のトランスジェンダーの人びとが、「読むこと」を通じて、自己のアイデンティティを構築し、再形成していった過程を明らかにしている。なお、マイエロウィッツは現在インディアナ大学の歴史学教授で、The Journal of American Historyの編集者でもある。主な編著書:How Sex Changed: A History of Transsexuality in the United States (Harvard UP, 2002); History and September 11th: Critical Perspectives on the Past (Temple UP, 2003)ほか。
著者
奥田 知志
出版者
日本犯罪社会学会
雑誌
犯罪社会学研究 (ISSN:0386460X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, pp.21-37, 2010

2006年1月7日JR下関駅は炎に包まれた.放火による焼失だった.犯人として逮捕されたのは8日前に福岡刑務所を一人満期出所した74歳男性.彼は,これまで50年近く刑務所で過ごしてきた.裁判の度に「知的障害」を指摘されてきたにもかかわらず,最後の犯行時に至るまで療育手帳は持っていなかった.放火は,重罪である.当然ゆるされるものではない.ただ彼を断罪することだけがこの社会のなすべきことだろうか.犯行動機とされる「刑務所に帰りたかった」は,今日の社会の現実を端的に指摘している.放火を断罪することは当然である.だがそれだけでは何も解決しない.この事件は,今日の社会のあり方をそのものを問うた事件であった.「障害」を持ち,家族もなく,働くこともできず,帰る場所もない者が,「刑務所に帰りたい」と願う.社会が彼に対して「罪を犯すな」言うことは簡単である.そうならば,ではこの社会はあの日犯罪以外のどのような選択肢を彼に提示できたであろうか.事件に関わった者として,また,ホームレス支援に関わった者としてこの事件の記録とこの事件が社会に与えた意味,そして何よりも今後の社会のあり方について考察する.
著者
櫻庭 京子 丸山 和孝 峯松 信明 広瀬 啓吉 田山 二朗 今泉 敏 山内 俊雄
出版者
一般社団法人電子情報通信学会
雑誌
電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. SP, 音声 (ISSN:09135685)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.105, no.686, pp.29-34, 2006-03-21
被引用文献数
1

著者らは男性から女性へ性別の移行を希望する性同一性障害者(Male-to-Female transgendered/transsexual=MtF)に対して、声を女性化させるためのtranssexual voice therapyを行っており、今回の発表では話者認識技術を用いて知覚的女性度を推定するシステムの臨床応用について検討する。このシステムは、声道特性と音源特性それぞれについて、男声モデル・女声モデルを持ち、各特性別に入力音声の女声度を推定、聴取実験により女性と判定される率(知覚的女声度)の予測値を算出する。上記のシステムを実際の臨床で用いた結果、声道形状を変えながらピッチをあげて女声をつくる方略の完成度を知ることはできるが、発話スタイルの動的制御に基づく女声の生成方略には対応できておらず、今後の検討の課題であることがわかった。
著者
清水 睦美 内田 良
出版者
日本教育社会学会
雑誌
教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.84, pp.103-121, 2009-05-31

The purpose of this paper is to review the qualitative researches that have been carried out in the last decade, in the field of sociology of education. First, we explore the studies in the new field of "sociology of education", which focus on the educational processes in school where students assimilate cultures under social control. These studies reveal demonstratively, for example, how a 'macro-level' educational idea takes shape in a 'micro-level' classroom, or how a change in the 'macro-level' educational situation is related to a change in the 'micro-level' classroom. Then, we examine the studies of education for the new comers, which area of study has been expanding and deepening recently. The new-comer students in Japan have been treated as minority, and researchers have applied the qualitative methods to look into the reality of the situation. Empirical researches, as well as critical ones, have led to the new studies which evaluate the educational practice theoretically. It must be noted that constructionism has played an important role on the development of qualitative researches. Social constructionists deal with educational discourse, deviant behavior and social problems, adopting observations of participants, interviews, and/or ethnographies. And, they apply the methodology to the problems specific to educational practice. Lastly, we consider relationship between the researcher and the subject, and raise a question how to describe the relationship in the articles. Qualitative researchers often interact face to face with their subjects, communicating with each other in the process of field work However, it all depends on the researcher to analyze the data and present them, even though the subject takes part in an active and important way. Consequently, the reader could not see what kind of relationship the researcher has with the subject, unless the writer describe anything about it. We divide researchers into a few groups, according to their styles of description of the relationship; (1) researcher in a position of social scientist, (2) researcher describing the relation in a way of; (a) making people aware of it, (b) utilizing it as research material. After examining these groups, we have reached the conclusion that researcher need to devote more attention to the process of observing and interviewing their subjects, and describing the result. When researchers make their own reports of the facts that they observe, they must always give detailed account of their methods. To promote the qualitative researches in the field of sociology of education, it is worth bearing in mind that the researcher should give an accurate description of the issue, as well as the methods they have adopted.