著者

後藤 悌

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.12-18, 2010 (Released:2010-04-01)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1

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インターネットの普及によって手に入れることができる情報は増えた。医療の情報を得ることも容易となったが,インターネットにおける,がん医療の情報は必ずしも正しくない。調査では,国内で「肺癌」と検索し,上位50に表示されたサイトの中で,正しい治療方法を提示していたサイトは5割に満たなかった。このような状況を改善するために,私たちのグループはWebサイトを主体的に評価し,医療関係者の立場から,患者やその家族に勧めることのできるサイトを抽出し,Webサイト(http://www.がん情報.net)に掲載する試みを始めた。

著者

池田 一城

出版者

日本観光研究学会

雑誌

観光研究 (ISSN:13420208)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.61-72, 2015 (Released:2016-12-01)

参考文献数

21

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The aim of this paper is to examine the cultural influence of the development of infrastructure on tourism in Koyasan, one of the most famous religious and tourist site in Japan. I will discuss two points. Firstly, the development of railways and road networks have increased the number of tourists rapidly and brought the mass-tourism into Koyasan. Secondly, this development, especially construction of road networks and car parks in and around the Koyasan area after 1960's, has changed the flow of tourists and the meanings of the places. With the development of infrastructures, the religious and historical places have been decontextualized and changed into the sightseeing "points".

著者

池田 勇太

出版者

公益財団法人 史学会

雑誌

史学雑誌 (ISSN:00182478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.115, no.6, pp.1041-1078, 2006-06-20 (Released:2017-12-01)

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The present article attempts to clarify the birth of monarchical constitutionalism on the occasion of a debate over a popularly elected parliament in 1874, by focusing on Motoda Nagazane (or Eifu) 元田永孚, who was Emperor Meiji's tutor in Confucianism. The introduction of a constitutional polity in the absence of a government not only displayed the strong character of a modernization measure and was thought to realize a political society supported by the masses and open public opinion, but also a parliament, constitution and separation of the legislative and administrative branches of government were expected to solve real problems that existed in local administration and politics at the time. The article begins with an examination of the actions taken by the Governor of Fukushima Prefecture Yasuba Yasukazu 安場保和 in order to clarify the era's parliamentary movement against the background of local administration and to argue that the fair and just nature (ko 公) of a constitutional polity was thought to be identical to traditional Confucian political ideals. Secondly, the introduction of a constitutional polity at that point in time was not the result of power politics fought along vertical, class lines, but was rather a specific political expression of what the Restoration bureaucracy thought desirable. On the other hand, the introduction of such a polity under well-meaning auspices from above also meant that the bureaucracy did not always seek broad pluralistic opinions on the subject, but rather tended to make policy decisions in a more theoretical manner. The 1874 debate over a popularly elected parliament brought the issue of mass popular political participation to the forefront in terms of "joint rule by king and citizen." It was here that Motoda Eifu suggested that in a monarchical state it was necessary to make a distinction between "public opinion" and "the just argument," arguing that it was the monarch who should employ the latter. Any parliamentary system in which the monarch enjoys ultimate prerogative, moreover, demands that the monarch have the ability to exercise that prerogative properly, which necessitated the development of a system of imperial advisors and educators. At that time there was also the idea that the position of senior political advisor (genro 元老) should be created outside of the cabinet to perform such a function. Motoda, on the other hand, reformed such an idea based on the necessity of a monarch performing his duties with the final say within a constitutional polity. This is why it can be said that both monarchical constitutionalism and the establishment of the emperor's prerogative within it was born out of the 1874 debate over a popularly elected parliament.

著者

瀨古 祥子 福井 亘 濱田 佳奈

出版者

社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究(オンライン論文集) (ISSN:1883261X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.7-10, 2015-12-09 (Released:2016-01-29)

参考文献数

16

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This paper will examine citizens’ thoughts on the pavement/curb failure by street tree roots in urban area of Kyoto city. The problem is a street tree root growth that rift up and break many pavements and curds. Through some questionnaire, this paper can know they have various thoughts on the problem. Citizens feel that street having the failures is not safe for their daily life. They also think the failure is not good for trees and the townscape. Some experts point out the size of planting plots and the wide of sidewalk is too small for street trees. This study also researches the incidence rate of the failure. We chose some main streets to this research. The sites of this research are 4 main streets running north-south in Kyoto city. All species of street trees for the research is maidenhair tree. As a result, people living in front of a street has the highest rate of the failure has stronger opinion on the problems than other cases. About 49% of them want to improve the condition of sidewalk and planting plot, and about 58% of them feel that the pavement/curb failure by street tree roots is not safe for walking. Improvement of comfortable sidewalk for street trees and people is required.

著者

寺島 雅隆

出版者

名古屋文化短期大学

雑誌

研究紀要 (ISSN:09148353)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, pp.22-28, 2008-03-05 (Released:2016-12-19)

著者

岩田 康男 立石 博臣 楊 鴻生 厚井 薫 福西 成男 今村 史明

出版者

一般社団法人 日本臨床リウマチ学会

雑誌

臨床リウマチ (ISSN:09148760)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, pp.37-41, 2010-03-30 (Released:2016-02-26)

参考文献数

9

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目的:外来通院中の関節リウマチ(以下RA)患者の喫煙状況を調査した. 対象・方法:RA患者115名,変形性関節症(膝)(以下OA)患者59名で,調査項目はRA罹患前や罹患時の喫煙歴,現在の喫煙習慣,喫煙量,その期間や検査データ(リウマトイド因子(RF),CRP,ESR,WBC,Hb)などである.喫煙者の定義はSmokers(以下S群)は罹患時に1日に少なくとも1本以上喫煙していた患者,Never smoked(以下NS群)は過去,現在を含めて全く喫煙をしていない患者,Ex-smokers(以下ES群)は罹患時に6ケ月以上喫煙を中止していた患者とした. 結果:RA患者は女性92例,男性23例,OA患者は女性50例,男性9例であった.性別に見てみるとRAではS群は女性で92例中11例,12.0%,ES群は5例,5.4%であり,男性でS群は23例中15例,65.2%,ES群は13.0%であり,男性ではS群とES群を合わせると78.2%を占めていた.リウマトイド因子は男性RA患者のS群で平均210.0U/ml,NS群で21.5U/mlと有意にS群において高値であった. 結論:男性RA患者の65.2%は罹患時に喫煙者であり,国民栄養調査結果と比較して高率であった.男性RA患者では喫煙者で有意にRFが高値を示した.男性喫煙者ではRAに罹患するリスクが高まっている可能性がある.

著者

Hisanori Fukunaga Akinari Yokoya Yasuyuki Taki Kevin M. Prise

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.242, no.1, pp.77-81, 2017 (Released:2017-05-27)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

6

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On March 11, 2011, a devastating earthquake and subsequent tsunami caused serious damage to areas of the Pacific coast in Fukushima prefecture and prompted fears among the residents about a possible meltdown of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant reactors. As of 2017, over six years have passed since the Fukushima nuclear crisis and yet the full ramifications of the biological exposures to this accidental release of radioactive substances remain unclear. Furthermore, although several genetic studies have determined that the variation in radiation sensitivity among different individuals is wider than expected, personalized medical approaches for Fukushima victims have seemed to be insufficient. In this commentary, we discuss radiobiological issues arising from low-dose radiation exposure, from the cell-based to the population level. We also introduce the scientific utility of the Integrative Japanese Genome Variation Database (iJGVD), an online database released by the Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University that covered the whole genome sequences of 2,049 healthy individuals in the northeastern part of Japan in 2016. Here we propose a personalized radiation risk assessment and medical approach, which considers the genetic variation of radiation sensitivity among individuals, for next-step developments in radiological protection.

著者

新里 法子 番匠谷 綾子 大谷 聡子 五藤 紀子 岩本 優子 山﨑 健次 香西 克之

出版者

一般財団法人 日本小児歯科学会

雑誌

小児歯科学雑誌 (ISSN:05831199)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.3, pp.237-242, 2012-06-25 (Released:2015-03-17)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1

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児童虐待の相談件数は近年急激な増加傾向を示しており,社会全体で早急に解決すべき重要な課題となっている。我々は,広島県内の2 か所の児童相談所および子ども家庭センターの一時保護施設に入所した要保護児童を対象に,齲蝕経験者率,未処置歯所有者率,一人平均齲蝕経験歯数および一人平均未処置歯数について調査し,一般の児童と比較検討を行った。その結果,要保護児童は齲蝕経験者率および未処置歯所有者率が高く,一人平均齲蝕経験歯数および一人平均未処置歯数が多いことが示された。また,虐待により保護された要保護児童と,その他保護者の長期療養などの理由で入所した要保護児童の齲蝕罹患状況に,大きな差は認められなかった。要保護児童全体の齲蝕罹患率が高いことから,要保護児童の生活環境自体が齲蝕を誘発しやすいことが推測された。歯科医療従事者は小児の多発齲蝕や長期にわたる齲蝕の放置などを通じて,保護者の養育放棄とそれに伴う養育環境の悪化に気付くことで,虐待を早期に発見できる可能性があることが示唆された。

著者

松井 藤五郎

出版者

一般社団法人 人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.330-334, 2011 (Released:2011-01-06)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2

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This paper describes a reinforcement learning framework based on compound returns, which is called compound reinforcement learning. Compound reinforcement learning maximizes the compound return in returns-based MDPs. We also describe compound Q-learning algorithm. We present experimental results using an ilustrative example, 2-armed bandit.

著者

今井 真介

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.6, pp.408-412, 2014-06-01 (Released:2015-06-01)

参考文献数

2

著者

Katunobu Yokoyama

出版者

Japan Society of Civil Engineers

雑誌

Doboku-Gakkai-si (ISSN:0021468X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1949, no.3, pp.29-36, 1949-03-15 (Released:2010-08-05)

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ラーメンの解法には種々の試みがなされてゐるが, 全部が全部と言つて良い程式を覺えねばならないと云ふ缺點を有して居るが, 獨りモーメント分配法は固定梁の端モーメント, 格點に於ける分配率, 格點より隣接格點への傳達率の觀念さへ念頭に置けば別に面倒な式を覺へずとも如何程でも眞に近い値を求めることが出來る.しかし之には目の子式運算と云ふ缺點を有し複雜な構造物には不向である.私は以下述べる如き格點子なる量を考へることに依り規則的な式の作法に成功した.

出版者

公益財団法人 日本学術協力財団

雑誌

学術の動向 (ISSN:13423363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.8, pp.8_123-8_123, 2017-08-01 (Released:2017-12-09)

著者

川村 清一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本植物学会

雑誌

植物学雑誌 (ISSN:0006808X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.263, pp.409-415, 1908 (Released:2007-04-05)

被引用文献数

1

著者

Mohamad Samir A. EID Hitoshi AIDA

出版者

一般社団法人 電子情報通信学会

雑誌

IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems (ISSN:09168532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.E100.D, no.8, pp.1738-1750, 2017-08-01 (Released:2017-08-01)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

3

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Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks based on HTTP and HTTPS (i.e., HTTP(S)-DDoS) are increasingly popular among attackers. Overlay-based mitigation solutions attract small and medium-sized enterprises mainly for their low cost and high scalability. However, conventional overlay-based solutions assume content inspection to remotely mitigate HTTP(S)-DDoS attacks, prompting trust concerns. This paper reports on a new overlay-based method which practically adds a third level of client identification (to conventional per-IP and per-connection). This enhanced identification enables remote mitigation of more complex HTTP(S)-DDoS categories without content inspection. A novel behavior-based reputation and penalty system is designed, then a simplified proof of concept prototype is implemented and deployed on DeterLab. Among several conducted experiments, two are presented in this paper representing a single-vector and a multi-vector complex HTTP(S)-DDoS attack scenarios (utilizing LOIC, Slowloris, and a custom-built attack tool for HTTPS-DDoS). Results show nearly 99.2% reduction in attack traffic and 100% chance of legitimate service. Yet, attack reduction decreases, and cost in service time (of a specified file) rises, temporarily during an approximately 2 minutes mitigation time. Collateral damage to non-attacking clients sharing an attack IP is measured in terms of a temporary extra service time. Only the added identification level was utilized for mitigation, while future work includes incorporating all three levels to mitigate switching and multi-request per connection attack categories.

著者

中川 一郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本栄養・食糧学会

雑誌

栄養と食糧 (ISSN:18838863)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.4, pp.179-183, 1975-06-30 (Released:2009-11-16)

参考文献数

20

著者

北岡 明佳

出版者

日本基礎心理学会

雑誌

基礎心理学研究 (ISSN:02877651)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.1, pp.177-178, 2017-09-30 (Released:2017-12-07)

著者

Miyuki Yokoyama Tetsu Watanabe Yoichiro Otaki Ken Watanabe Taku Toshima Takayuki Sugai Tetsuya Takahashi Daisuke Kinoshita Harutoshi Tamura Satoshi Nishiyama Hiroki Takahashi Takanori Arimoto Tetsuro Shishido Sou Yamauchi Tamon Yamanaka Takuya Miyamoto Isao Kubota

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-17-0731, (Released:2017-11-30)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

40

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Background:Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is an athero-occlusive disease and a known risk factor for cardiovascular events. The controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score and geriatric nutritional risk index (GNRI) are objective tools for evaluating malnutrition and are reportedly associated with poor clinical outcomes in patients with fatal diseases. However, the effect of malnutrition on the clinical outcomes in patients with PAD remains unclear.

著者

木村 幸紀 荒木 和之 花澤 智美 酒巻 紅美 岡野 友宏

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本歯科放射線学会

雑誌

歯科放射線 (ISSN:03899705)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.4, pp.231-239, 2001-12-30 (Released:2011-09-05)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

2

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Actinomycosis is an unusual chronic suppurative bacterial infection, predominantly caused by Actinomyces israelii, that most often affects the cervico-facial region, accounting for about 60%. Classically, the clinical presentation is a hard, boardlike mass, multiple abscesses and/or sinus tracts, and trismus. Because of the current lack of familiarity with this disease and its ability to mimic other infections or even neoplasms, actinomycosis of the mandible and/or paramandibular tissue may frequently be misdiagnosed. Recently, we experienced three cases with osteomyelitis of the mandible with actinomycosis, clinically diagnosed as a parotid tumor or nonspecific osteomyelitis, however, not conforming radiologically. The images of actinomycotic mandibular osteomyelitis should be, therefore, critically re-evaluated.Materials and Methods: The CT appearances of two cases with a final diagnosis of actinomycotic mandibular osteomyelitis and nineteen cases diagnosed as non-actinomycotic mandibular osteomyelitis between 1993 and December 2000 were reviewed. The evaluation included bone marrow density changes, sequesta, periosteal reaction, cortical bone thickening, the extent of cortical bone destruction, abscess formation, and soft tissue swelling. Ultrasonography of abscesses from actinomycotic mandibular osteomyelitis was evaluated retrospectively, in two cases (one having received both CT and US examinations). The internal echogenecity of an abscess between the masseter muscle and the ramus of the mandible, and cortical bone destruction were investigated.Results: On CT, no remarkable osteosclerotic and/or osteolytic bone marrow changes, or small punched out radiolucent areas (less than 6mm) of the mandibular ramus accompanied with a well demarked overlying abscess were seen in actinomycotic osteomyelitis. Any other CT findings in actinomycosis of the mandible were nonspecific. Ultrasonography showed a well-defined hypoehoic area, including multiple, relatively large, hyperechoic spots in abscesses from actinomycotic mandibular osteomyelitis. Destruction of the cortex was also seen simultaneously.Conclusion: Actinomycotic mandibular osteomyelitis may be characterized by its CT appearances. Ultrasonography can also be used as an additional diagnostic tool to detect those radiological changes caused by actinomycosis.

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.10, pp.672-676, 1979-10-25 (Released:2009-05-25)

著者

伊藤 詩織 佐々木 万丈 北村 勝朗

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

日本体育学会大会予稿集 第67回(2016) (ISSN:24241946)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.127_1, 2016 (Released:2017-02-24)

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女性スポーツ競技者にとって、月経期間に痛みや症状があることは、競技力向上を目指す上でストレッサーとなることが予測される。本研究は経血の処置方法に着目し、布ナプキンの使用を女子大学生スポーツ競技者に適用することで、月経症状に対する意識に変容が見られるか検討をおこなった。A大学で部活動やクラブチームに所属している学生7名を対象とした。1か月目の月経期間は市販ナプキンで過ごし、その後3か月の月経期間は、ガーゼとコットンを体調によって組み合わせて使用し、月経期間が終了する毎にアンケート調査をおこなった。分析の結果、市販ナプキンの使用時に自覚された「ムレ」「かゆみ」などの不快感が有意に低減し、また認知的評価では、日常生活における月経随伴症に対するコントロール感の向上が示された。これらの結果から、市販ナプキンよりも通気性や保温性のある布ナプキンを使用することで、月経症状に対する意識が改善したと考えられる。さらに、月経による愁訴の一つである「集中力の低下」が低減したことも示され、布ナプキンを使用することが、より競技に集中することができるなど、競技力向上の一助となる可能性のあることが考えられる。