著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1929年01月10日, 1929-01-10

著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1937年03月04日, 1937-03-04

著者

久保田 裕之

出版者

SHAKAIGAKU KENKYUKAI

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.3-19,136, 2010

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Within recent family sociology in Japan, it has been taken for granted that the family cannot and should not be defined by researchers, partly because of the negative effect of including various lifestyles. However, avoiding family definition can be harmful or even destructive, unless there is a clear-cut explanation of what exactly is meant by saying "family cannot and should not be defined". This paper, then, will argue that it is inevitable and even essential for every single piece of scientific research on families to define a concept of the family in some way, and, conversely, to define a concept of "non-family", according to the best interest of each research project. In this paper, we examine three famous studies in the history of family sociology in Japan which focused on the concept of "non-family": one by Teizō TODA ([1973] 1970), another by Kiyomi MORIOKA ([1981] 1987), and a third by Yoshitaka IKEOKA et al. (1999). By examining this tradition of "non-family" studies, the inevitability and necessity of definition can best be illustrated, as the borderline which is drawn between the concepts of family and of non-family. Firstly, we scrutinize Masahiro YAMADA (1986; 1992) and IKEOKA et al. (1999), dealing with the subjective family definitions of the parties involved, because these approaches sometimes seem to put overmuch emphasis not on the researchers' definition but on the parties' subjective image and discourse on family. Secondly, contentions over the constructionist approach follow, which have arisen within the Sociology of Social Problems under the name of Ontological Gerrymandering. Finally, we examine TODA ([1973] 1970) and MORIOKA ([1981] 1987), which explicitly define the concepts of family and non-family. In conclusion, it can be argued that it is inevitable and even essential to define concepts of the family and "non-family", according to the best interests of each research project. "Family" should be re-defined and up-dated in order to embrace the diverse lifestyles within and without those of traditional families.

著者

鹿又伸夫研究代表者

出版者

北海道大学文学部

巻号頁・発行日

1998

著者

市野川 容孝

出版者

青土社

雑誌

現代思想

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.12, pp.216-237, 2005-11

著者

中沢 仁

出版者

専修大学人間科学学会

雑誌

専修人間科学論集. 心理学篇 (ISSN:21858276)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2, pp.35-42, 2012-03

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ブレイン・マシン・インターフェース技術の開発に相まって進展したブレイン・デコーディングの技術は,マインド・リーディングとしての理解も可能であり,心的機能の解明に役立つ可能性を秘めている。このブレイン・デコーディングの方法について,現行の脳活動情報の測定技術による制約,デコーディングのモデル,心理学的基盤について原理的な考察を行った。また,ブレイン・デコーディングにブレイン・マシン・インターフェースの方法を組み合わせることによる,心的機能構築のシミュレーションの可能性について考察した。

著者

西羽 義夫 ニシハ ヨシオ Nishiha Yoshio

出版者

大阪大学人間科学部

雑誌

大阪大学人間科学部紀要 (ISSN:03874427)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, pp.43-79, 1976-03

著者

Motoi Nishi Hirotsugu Miyake Tatsuya Kato Masami Yamazoe Eiji Tanaka Takao Ishii Katsuya Usui

出版者

日本疫学会

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.5, pp.315-319, 1999 (Released:2007-11-30)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1 3

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There have been few reports with regard to the life spans of medical doctors. The status of the medical doctors graduating from 1926 to 1974, alive or dead as of October 1996, was ascertained on the basis of the list of graduates from the School of Medicine, Hokkaido University. Excluding data on female doctors and those who died in battle during World War II, data on a total of 3, 982 doctors were available for study. Their mortality as of October 1996 decreased in parallel with the graduation year. Their mean future life span at graduation was estimated to be about 52.88 years (95% Cl, 52.45-53.31) through linear regression (r=0.992). Their mean age at graduation was 25.17 years. This was not different from the future life expectancy at 25 years of age of the general population (52.35 years). The future life span of surgeons and gynecologists-obstetricians was shorter than that of the doctors of basic medical sciences and internal medicine. This difference might be accounted for by factors peculiar to each speciality (e.g., exposure to blood) or by the degree of stress from work. J Epidemiol, 1999; 9 : 315-319

著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1938年01月31日, 1938-01-31

著者

杉浦 浩美

出版者

日本家族社会学会

雑誌

家族社会学研究 (ISSN:0916328X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.2, pp.248-248, 2010-10-30 (Released:2011-10-30)

著者

松田 茂樹

出版者

日本家族社会学会

雑誌

家族社会学研究 (ISSN:0916328X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.79-79, 2007-04-30 (Released:2009-08-04)

著者

奥田 亮 川上 正浩 坂田 浩之 佐久田 裕子

出版者

大阪樟蔭女子大学

雑誌

大阪樟蔭女子大学人間科学研究紀要 (ISSN:13471287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.1-14, 2010-01-31

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大学生活にさまざまな意義を認めるためには,大学に適応し充実感を感じることが重要であると考えられる。そこで本研究では,先行研究を踏まえて,1回生から4回生までを対象に大学生活充実度尺度を実施し,その因子構造について検討した上で,大学生活充実度が学年ごとにどのように異なるのかについて,縦断,横断を含めた複数の観点から分析を行った。まず大学生活充実度尺度については,因子分析によって"フィット感","交友満足","学業満足","不安"の4 因子が抽出された。そして複数年度の1〜4回生の横断および縦断データから,4回生時に充実度全般が最も高まることが明らかになった。一方,1〜2回生にかけては充実度にほとんど変化が見られず,2〜3回生にかけては部分的に充実度が高まるという結果と,ほとんど変わらないという結果の,相違する二つの結果が得られた。今後はさらにデータを集積し,上記の結果を再検討することや,大学生活充実度に学年差をもたらす要因を詳しく検討していくことが課題とされた。

著者

北村 倫夫 石田 宰 渡辺 謙仁 李 在栄

出版者

北海道大学大学院国際広報メディア・観光学院 = Graduate School of International Media, Communication, and Tourism Studies, Hokkaido University

雑誌

国際広報メディア・観光学ジャーナル

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.99-118, 2012-09-20

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This study was aimed at proposing a strategy for promoting Science and Technology Tourism (STT) in Hokkaido, and was based on the case study for about thirty examples in Japan and foreign countries. By definition, STT is "the tourism aiming at learning about science and technology by seeing, hearing and experiencing." Although STT has been recognized as an important domain of tourism in foreign countries, it has not been right in Japan. However, as people's concern about science and technology is increasing in recent years, STT is playing a more important role in Japan and also in Hokkaido. The conditions for a success of STT in Hokkaido are having fundamentally three functions which consist of an exhibition function, a knowledge exchange function, and a participating experience function. Moreover, realization of the "economies of scale in tourism," effective use of unique natural resources, use of advanced science institutions, organizing of science tours, training of science communicators, cooperation with school education, etc. are also desirable conditions to make STT successful.

著者

執行 嵐

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.3, pp.61-91, 1953-04-30 (Released:2009-11-11)

参考文献数

101

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Family stability is an important concern in modern society. In Japan, there has never been any predictive study concerning this problem. In order to stimulate Japanese scholars and case workers to undertake study of this problem it is desirable to know something of the nature of such studies in foreign countries, especially in the United States where most work has been done on the problem to date. This paper is limited to a review of research methods in the United States.Such predictive studies can be classified into four types, according to the following two criteria.A. Predication of probabilities of marital happiness from premarital factors, or prediction from marital conditions.B. Prediction of probabilities of marital happiness by the use of other, methods, such as the post-facto, the cross-sectional, the follow-up and the longitudinal methods.The nature of these techniques can be suggested in this manner;1. Post-facto predictive studies from premarital experience.2. Post-facto predictive studies from marital life.3. Follow-up predictive studies from premarital life.4. Follow-up predictive studies from marital life.The following are the methodological problems dealt with in this article according to this classification.1. The halo effect in post-facto studies.2. The representative nature of samples.3. Combinations of predictive items between husband and wife and configurations of predictive factors.4. Reliability and validity of happiness scales and predictive scales.5. Various problems in practice, etc. Finally, this paper treats, from the methodological and practical point of view, the relation between the method of statistical prediction and the method of prediction from case studies.

著者

大道 安次郎 池田 義祐 森 東吾 領家 穣 作田 啓一 執行 嵐 渡辺 洋二

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.2, pp.104-107, 1958-12-30

著者

天野 祐吉

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

新聞学評論 (ISSN:04886550)

巻号頁・発行日

no.35, pp.166-172, 285-284, 1986-04-30

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Advertisements are, so to speak, "sketches of the unconscious" of people's everyday lives. And because of being "unconscious", they sometimes have more reality than intentional sketches. If we regard advertisements as "diaries of the age", then we see them not only as sourses of news information about commodities but also as sketches of ordinary people's everyday lives in ordinary words and seen through the goods they advertise. Advertisers order adpersons to sell goods, and adpersons always have to take advantage of ordinary people's ordinary desires. These pressures make advertisements sketches of ordinary people's everyday lives. If advertisements fail to grasp the "new", then at that very moment they lose all value. Japanese poet Junzaburo Nishiwaki said that "Life is a concept created by literature." We may rightly say that what we refer to as "the masses" is an image created by advertisements. Of course, the vital image of the masses appears not only in advertisements, but it is in them that the masses present their most journalistic form. It seems almost impossible to capture the masses without advertisements which depict ordinary people's lives along with their feelings and make them visible. Nevertheless, it is far from an easy matter to capture the vital image of the masses without debasing them by superficial interpretations because what appear only in expressions often lose their vividness when discussed by words. If we are to capture "the masses merely in the advertisements", then we may have to create some methods of expression which are free from the already established academic ones.

著者

白石 哲

出版者

九州大学

雑誌

九州大學農學部學藝雜誌 (ISSN:03686264)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.89-96, 1964-02

被引用文献数

1

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The author had an information that a certain unknown animals had done severe damage to the fruits of strawberries under plastic-cover culture in Yoshii-Machi, Ukiha-Gun, Fukuoka Prefecture, from the latter part of January, 1963. The injurious animals were conjectured to be either mice or voles, judging from the faeces discovered at the farms and the method of eating the fruits (Plate 14, Figs. 1-3). The author carried on investigations twice at the farms of Oshiki (A) and Chitose (B) under the control of Chitose branch office of Yoshii-Machi Agricultural Cooperative Association. The one was carried on in the middle of February and the other in the latter part of March. Concerning the farm at Noraku (C), Mr. Gyotoku made an investigation on March 17, 1963 (Fig. 1). As the result, the author got three individuals of the Japanese mouse (♀2, ♂1), one of the Japanese harvest mouse (♀1) and one of the Japanese field vole (♀) from the farms belonging to A, B and C by means of snap-traps (Plate 14, Figs. 7,8 and Table 3). There were four kinds of strawberries cultured at the farms, i.e. "Kurume 102" (Benizuru-Norin 5), "Kurume 28" (Yachiyo), "Donner" and "Kurume 20" (Chiyoda). Among them, the three were under plastic-cover culture, while the rest (Kurume 20) was under spring culture (Plate 15, Figs. 1-9). The damage was discovored seriously at the farms where "Kurume 102" strawberries were cultured, and about twenty per cat of them were attacked by the above-mentioned mice and voles (Plate 14, Figs. 4-6 and Table 2). The total sum of damage was estimated at about 200,000 to 250,000 yen. Among individuals of these three species, the Japanese mice were regarded as the chief injurious ones, when the consideration was given to the collected number of this species (Table 3). There were some corn ricks on the farms which gave the favourite habitats to this kind of mice. So, at the end of the first investigation, these corn ricks were got rid of farms and the poison baits "Strong Ratemin" (zinc phosphide) were scattered there (Plate 13. Figs. 1-5). Visiting there in the second investigation, the author found a fair success in the above treatments for the mice and voles control (Plate 12, Fig. 9). Here, the author can conclude that clearing of circumstances of farms is the most essential to control mice and voles, and continual work for capturing them by means of poison baits and traps is as important as the first treatment, though these are worn-out sayings.本年1月下旬以降,福岡県浮羽郡吉井町農協千年支所管下の促成イチゴ畑に鼠害が現われた.そこで筆者は2月中旬と3月下旬の2回,現地に出かけ調査を行なつた.作付されていたイチゴは促成品種としては久留米102号(農林5号=紅鶴),半促成品種としては久留米28号(八千代)とダナー(Donner),露地栽培品種としては久留米20号(千代田)であつた.これらのうち被害が出たのは促成品種であつた.被害額は約20~25万円と見つもられ,促成イチゴ作付面積のおよそ20%が侵された.促成イチゴはビニールの帯を使うトンネル栽培法によつて栽培されていた.筆者は折敷(A地区),千年(B地区)の2カ所の圃場を調査したが,行徳技師による能楽(C地区)の報告も考慮した.現地における捕鼠作業の結果,加害鼠は野生ハツカネズミ,カヤネズミ,ハタネズミの3種と判明したが,生息数の上から考えると野生ハツカネズミが主と考えられた.そこで, 圃場に見られた,鼠にとつては好適な生息場所である稲積みや,わら小屋を除去し,殺鼠剤"強力ラテミン"の継続投与を行なつた結果,被害の軽減に著しい効果をみとめた.

著者

神田 邦彦

出版者

二松學舎大学

雑誌

日本漢文学研究 (ISSN:18805914)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2, pp.105-129, 2007-03

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Fujiwara Michinori is famous as a close retainer of the former Emperors Toba and Goshirakawa during the Heian Inseiki, the period ruled by the former emperor. Until now, although aspects of his life as a politician have been studied, there has not been any discussion about him as a musician. His musical activities were extremely varied, and he knew the Biwa, Sou, Sho, Mai, and Imayou.This paper focuses on Michinori's Biwa performances as a part of his musical activities. First, I examine the relationship between Michinori and his teacher Fujiwara Takahiro and his students, Minamoto Hironori and Nakahara Ariyasu. Michinori had an extremely close relationship with Ariyasu. In Ariyasu's work "Kokinkyoroku," he discusses his relationship with Michinori. Ariyasu also discusses Michinori as a Biwa performer. In those days there were two schools of Biwa, the Katura School and the Nishi School. Although Michinori studied the Biwa at the Nishi School under Fujiwara Takahiro, he chose not to success Takahiro at the Nishi School and instead developed his own original style of performing on the Biwa. Music was considered an indispensable cultural activity for bureaucrats in those days. Michinori's various musical activities showed his passion for music. No doubt, he was influenced by his surroundings, and especially the former Emperors Toba and Goshirakawa whom Michinori attended to. Both emperors were devoted to music, and they had an influence on Michinori. During the Hogen period, Michinori altered his activities to concentrate on music such as the Uchinoen and Sumaiseche. He also revised the dances of girl musicians, breaking off with ancient instruments. Michinori's musical activities are worthy of evaluation not only in terms of musical history, but also from the vantage point of cultural history.

著者

Outani Hidetatsu Okada Minoru Yamashita Akihiro Nakagawa Kanako Yoshikawa Hideki Tsumaki Noriyuki

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS ONE (ISSN:19326203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.10, 2013-10-16

被引用文献数

75

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ヒトの皮膚細胞から軟骨様細胞へ直接変換に成功. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2013-10-14.

著者

江草 由佳

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.7, pp.473-476, 2013-10-01 (Released:2013-10-01)