著者

武田 香陽子 高橋 淳 益川 弘如 島森 美光

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.137, no.6, pp.659-664, 2017-06-01 (Released:2017-06-01)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

8 9

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Recently, the practice of active learning has spread, increasingly recognized as an essential component of academic studies. Classes incorporating small group discussion (SGD) are conducted at many universities. At present, assessments of the effectiveness of SGD have mostly involved evaluation by questionnaires conducted by teachers, by peer assessment, and by self-evaluation of students. However, qualitative data, such as open-ended descriptions by students, have not been widely evaluated. As a result, we have been unable to analyze the processes and methods involved in how students acquire knowledge in SGD. In recent years, due to advances in information and communication technology (ICT), text mining has enabled the analysis of qualitative data. We therefore investigated whether the introduction of a learning system comprising the jigsaw method and problem-based learning (PBL) would improve student attitudes toward learning; we did this by text mining analysis of the content of student reports. We found that by applying the jigsaw method before PBL, we were able to improve student attitudes toward learning and increase the depth of their understanding of the area of study as a result of working with others. The use of text mining to analyze qualitative data also allowed us to understand the processes and methods by which students acquired knowledge in SGD and also changes in students’ understanding and performance based on improvements to the class. This finding suggests that the use of text mining to analyze qualitative data could enable teachers to evaluate the effectiveness of various methods employed to improve learning.

出版者

[製作者不明]

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第26冊(明治42年7月-12月), 1000

著者

笠原 千絵 遠藤 惇 中村 絵理

出版者

JAPANESE PHYSICAL THERAPY ASSOCIATION

雑誌

日本理学療法学術大会

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2011, pp.Eb1278-Eb1278, 2012

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【はじめに、目的】 当院回復期リハビリテーション病棟では、診療報酬改定により創設された休日リハビリテーション提供体制加算を、平成22年6月よりPT・OTの日曜出勤を開始した事で取得している。休日リハビリテーションを開始した事による効果を調査し、その必要性を患者および家族に理解してもらうため、リハビリテーションの効果判定の1つのFIM変化を中心に開始前後を比較した研究を行い報告する。【方法】 平成22年4月~平成23年3月の間に、当院回復期リハビリテーション病棟を退院した患者の内、休日リハビリテーション提供体制加算(以下:加算)を取得開始した6月をまたいで入退院のあった患者を除外した114名(開始前群17名、開始後群97名)を研究対象とした。加算取得開始前群(以下:A群)および開始後群(以下:B群)について、性別、年齢、疾患区分、高次脳、退院時HDS-R得点、同居人数、リハ単位数(1ケ月の総単位数/入院人数)、入院期間、退院先、入院時FIM得点、入退院時FIM得点変化、FIM利得(退院時FIM総得点-入院時FIM総得点)、FIM効率(FIM利得/入院日数)について比較した。統計処理として、Welchの二標本t検定、一標本t検定、対応のあるt検定を用い、有意水準5%未満とした。【倫理的配慮、説明と同意】 本研究は、データ収集後個人情報を除去し、個人を特定できないよう処理した上で行った。【結果】 性別は、A群は男性8名、女性9名、B群は男性46名、女性51名であった。平均年齢は、A群は76.8±8.0歳、B群は74.8±13.6歳であり、群間での差は無かった(p値0.4223)。疾患区分は、A群は脳血管疾患23.5%、運動器疾患52.9%、廃用症候群23.5%、B群は脳血管疾患44.3%、運動器疾患37.1%、廃用症候群18.6%であった。高次脳機能障害の有無は群間での差は無かった(p値0.4893)。退院時HDS-R得点は、A群: 29~21点4名・20~11点3名・精査困難10名、B群:30点11名・29~21点30名・20~11点18名・10~0点15名・精査困難23名であり群間での差があった(p値0.02561)。同居人数は、群間での差は無かった(p値0.2622)。リハ単位数は、群間での差が無かった(p値0.1198)平均入院期間は、A群は70±45.6日、B群は81.8±52.8日であり、群間での差は無かった(p値0.3601)。退院先は、A群は自宅52.9%、施設17.6%、病院29.4%、B群は自宅54.6%、施設28.9%、病院14.4%、死亡2.1%であった(特養は施設に分類している)。入院時FIM得点は、排尿コントロールのみ群間での差があった。入退院時FIM得点変化では、A群では排尿コントロール、移乗(トイレ)、移動(階段)、理解、社会的交流に有意差があった。B群では、排尿コントロール以外の全ての運動項目、社会的交流、問題解決、記憶に有意差があった。FIM利得、FIM効率については、有意差は見られなかった。【考察】 入退院時FIM得点変化で、入院時FIM得点に差のあった排尿コントロールを除いた項目で、変化に差のあったものは、A群で4項目、B群で15項目であり、特にB群では運動項目での差が多かった。これは、当院ではPT・OTとも運動項目での介入を行う場合が多く、そのため運動項目での差が出ていたと考えられる。退院時HDS-R得点、疾患別割合に差があった事は結果に影響している可能性がある。リハ介入日数は休日リハ開始により増加しているが、リハ単位数に差は無かった。先行研究において、総運動量が同じならば毎日のリハ提供がADL改善に効果的であるとの報告がある。日曜にリハビリテーションが休みで、臥床傾向にあった患者に対して、PT・OTが介入する事により、離床およびADL練習等に積極的に介入できたためであると考えられる。入院期間に差が無かったのは、当院では入院時に疾患別の入院期間を提示されており、その期限を目安に退院準備をしているためと考えられ、FIM得点向上が入院期間短縮に結び付くためには、早期からの多職種による退院支援が必要と考えられる。今回の研究では、FIM得点向上のみでは入院期間短縮や自宅復帰率向上に結び付かないという結果であった。FIM向上に加えて、何の要因が入院期間短縮や自宅復帰率向上に結び付くのかを、今後の調査で明らかにし、対策をしていく必要があると考えられる。【理学療法学研究としての意義】 休日リハビリテーションによる効果について検証する事は、その必要性を患者および家族に理解してもらうために必要であると考えられる。

著者

新妻利久著

出版者

東京電気大学出版局 (発売)

巻号頁・発行日

1969

著者

石川 静香 椋本 泰生 西原 亜希子 清水 佳代子 船田 幸奈 岩部 彩加 毛利 洋久 広瀬 卓哉 綾井 健太 黒住 瑞紀 難波 経立 佐々木 英之 松元 一郎 高木 雄一郎

出版者

公益財団法人 日本心臓財団

雑誌

心臓 (ISSN:05864488)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.10, pp.1130-1136, 2020-10-15 (Released:2021-10-25)

参考文献数

1

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目的:当院ではメディカルスタッフが中心となり,循環器科疾患診療に従事する,多職種でチーム医療を行うCardiovascular Care Team(CCT)を立ち上げ,さまざまな取り組みを行っている.CCTではワーキングチームの1つとして心電図チームを組織し,職員の心電図関連のスキルアップを目指した. 方法:新入職の看護師に対しては入職時に12誘導心電図講習を行った.入職後1年以上経過した職員に対しては,当院独自の基準によるモニター心電図ライセンス制度を導入し,講習を受講したのち,資格試験合格によりライセンス取得とした.各講習の受講前後にはアンケートにより知識や意識の変化を調査した.ライセンス取得者らで全病棟のモニター心電図記録の回診を行い実務に還元した.モニター心電図回診導入後に重症不整脈の指摘状況や誤認率が変化したか調査した. 結果:講習終了後には講習前と比較して心電図に対する苦手意識や嫌悪感が減少していた.ライセンス取得者は年々増加し,モニター心電図回診導入後,年々重症不整脈の見落としや誤認が減少していた. 考察:心電図チームによる講習,ライセンス制度により職員の心電図に対する関心が高まり,苦手意識も減少していた.結果として病棟での重症不整脈などの見落としが減少し,リスクマネジメントの向上に寄与できた.専門的にみられがちな12誘導心電図記録,モニター心電図判読を病院内の多くの職員に広めていくことができた.今後もさらなる質的向上を目指した取り組みを行う予定である.

著者

桜井役 著

出版者

敞文館

巻号頁・発行日

1929

著者

荻野 達史

出版者

静岡大学人文社会科学部

雑誌

人文論集 = Studies in humanities (ISSN:02872013)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.2, pp.1-39, 2019-01-31

著者

為永春水 作

出版者

大嶋屋伝右衛門

巻号頁・発行日

vol.初編上, 1838

著者

宮崎 弦太

出版者

日本グループ・ダイナミックス学会

雑誌

実験社会心理学研究 (ISSN:03877973)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.60-70, 2015 (Released:2015-12-22)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1

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親密関係では共同規範に従った恩恵の授受を行うことが理想とされる。本研究は,我々は親密関係において常に共同規範を遵守するわけではなく,関係相手の応答性に応じて共同規範を柔軟に調節していること,また,そのプロセスが愛着不安によって調整されることを検討した。2つの調査(調査1の参加者は150名,調査2の参加者は188名)の結果,親密関係において相手が自分に対して非応答的であった過去の出来事を想起した人は,想起しなかった人よりも,共同規範を弱めていた。ただし,愛着不安の強い人は,恋人の非応答性を想起すると共同規範を強めていた。これらの結果は,親密関係におけるリスク制御という点から考察された。

著者

池田 和臣 小田 寛貴

出版者

中央大学文学部

雑誌

文学部紀要 言語・文学・文化 (ISSN:05296803)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.119, pp.35-56, 2017-03-15

著者

玄田 悠大 米森 公彦 竹内 雄一 永野 真義 中島 直人

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.793, pp.668-679, 2022

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<p>The purpose of this study is to grasp the act of conserving and inheriting modern architecture as a long-term sustainable process from the completion. The research subject is the former Tetsuma Akaboshi House, designed by Antonin Raymond. The viewpoints based on the conservation succession process are following.</p><p>1. Institutional status such as rights related to the owner</p><p> The system of rights related to the owner effectively responded to changes in the social situation.</p><p>2. Daily use by the owner and resident</p><p> It was effective that the owner and resident lived with the philosophy of supporting the building's maintenance and inheriting.</p>

著者

髙橋 元貴

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.792, pp.452-463, 2022-02-01 (Released:2022-02-01)

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The purpose of this paper is to clarify the structural characteristics of maintenance system of Edo Castle moats based on the historical records for Fushin-bugyo’s daily operations. First, in order to set the subject of this paper's analysis, the spatial configuration of Edo castle moats is examined and the Fushin-bugyo’s management responsibilities and jurisdictional divisions on the moats are organized. Second, the multi-layered castle moats maintenance system is clarified from the aspect of management by the fushin-bugyo and the actual maintenance labor. In conclusion, the spatial characteristics of the castle moats and its duration are discussed.

著者

宗野 みなみ 永野 真義 中島 直人 宮城 俊作

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.792, pp.399-410, 2022

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<p>This paper aims to clarify how the living space of the townhouses is used during float festival, the characteristics of the space for watching it, and their transformations. Findings are as follows. First, the living space is open to the street, which has become more prominent at present. Hospitality has not changed, but the visitor type has been unified and fixed. Second, basically, the watching space faces the street. In addition, view of the street, daily use and floor finishing affect its selection. At present, a new watching space appeared with the change of living space.</p>

著者

千代 章一郎

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.792, pp.432-441, 2022

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<p>This paper aims to clarify cross points of interior decoration in Auguste Perret (1874-1954) and Le Corbusier (Charles-Edouard Jeanneret, 1887-1965) as the considerations concerning the concept of "decor" in the 20th century. As a result of chronological reorganization of the training of Jeanneret at the Perret's office and the subsequent communication between two mainly by correspendances, the difference between the two became clear in the discussion on "movable furniture" and "immovable furniture". It was also a question of strategy regarding the segmentation of structural skeleton and furniture. </p>

著者

川嶋 勝 大川 三雄 矢代 真己 田所 辰之助

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

no.791, pp.172-183, 2022-01

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<p>This study reveals the publishing activities of Kenchiku Shoin and examines the development of architectural books based on the characteristics of publication types.</p><p>1. Founded during the Meiji period, the pioneering Kenchiku Shoin is one of Japan's longest-running architectural publishers. Its activities are divided into four phases according to changes in the engineering literature field.</p><p>2. Kenchiku Shoin's architectural books a) fulfilled the demand for textbooks in the early days of architectural education, b) expanded readership to upwardly mobile, soon-to-be architecture clients by conveying visual information through plates, and c) contributed to the reinstatement of architecture in modern Japanese culture.</p>

著者

中谷 礼仁 庄子 幸佑 鈴木 明世

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

no.791, pp.221-231, 2022-01

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<p>In this paper, the sites where production and living have been sustained over thousands of years are named Millennium Villages, and we presented a methodology for grasping the candidate sites. It is based on the past research that village names recorded in <Wamyô Ruiju Shô> were compared with current location and then verified. The specific locations have been plotted in a spatial map, a comprehensive and objective grasp becomes possible. There are around 2000 candidates of Millennium Village. The results have been widely analyzed and the preference of the site selection has been found.</p>

著者

杉山 真魚 千代 章一郎 田所 辰之助

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

no.790, pp.2767-2778, 2021-12

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<p> The paper analyses Baillie Scott's words and drawings to clarify the range of his conception of 'decoration' in his theory of house building. </p><p> Section 2 focuses on his background to uncover his references to house design and decoration, discussing his activities from two perspectives: one, the significant influence of the Arts and Crafts movement on British architecture at the end of the 19th century; and two, Scott's reputation in Europe at the beginning of the 20th century. </p><p> Section 3 categorises 16 of Scott's writings on house building into four groups in chronological sequence: (a) articles about suburban houses; (b) articles about country houses and cottages; (c) his book <i>Houses and Gardens</i>; and (d) studies on the rational and British character. </p><p> Section 4 examines three meanings Scott ascribed to 'decoration'. The first, <i>superficial pretentiousness</i>, resulted from his negative attitude towards commercial decoration, such as painting woodwork and covering walls and ceilings with wallpapers, which he considered merely superadded ways to conceal structures. The second meaning, <i>decoration as architectural clothing</i>, considers the relationship between buildings and decorations. In Scott's view, a building's decoration should represent the clothing of architecture with pattern and colour. This required not a superficial but an organic evaluation of the relationship between architectural decoration and other interior factors, such as furnishings or floorplans, to which decorative designs are applied. This section focuses on the relief imparted by constructive features, the architectural embellishments connecting with furnishings, and heraldic decoration to create interiors with 'homely comfort'. The third meaning is <i>structural decoration</i>. Scott thought that a building without artistic pattern and colour should possess real structural beauty to which decoration provides the finishing touch. This manifested as the expression of structural facts by strengthening the texture and colour of natural materials. The goal of this treatment was an outside appearance akin to 'the earth's crust'—built structures that harmonised with nature. </p><p> Section 5 summarises the range of Scott's conception of 'decoration' in his theory of house building with a précis in table form of the subject matter and related keywords. It is thought that Scott's subject matter gradually deepened from <i>decoration as architectural clothing to structural decoration</i>. This variation would require the extension of the meaning of the word 'decoration'. Meanwhile, the expected effect of the finishing touch changed from 'homely comfort' to 'the earth's crust'. The latter relates to the essential problem of human common sense to nature. This section deals with a discussion of common decoration and its relation to the significance of the effect of 'the earth's crust'. It also refers to the problem of relationships between components of a house. </p>

著者

エンケ ホルワ 夏目 欣昇 濱田 晋一 麓 和善

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

no.790, pp.2755-2766, 2021-12

被引用文献数

1

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<p> Since BC, cities have been constructed on the Mongolian Plateau with the establishment of dynasties, but most turned to ruins. However, the Tibetan Buddhist temples built after the 16th century, which are an indispensable element in the process of Mongolians settling down from nomadic life, have been relatively well preserved in Inner Mongolia. These temples are considered the epitome of the Mongolian economy, culture, art, and construction technology of the time. Therefore, there is great value and significance in researching them systematically. Interestingly, these temples originated from Inner Mongolia, the southern part of Mongolia. The architectural design of these temples has been largely influenced by Chinese and Tibetan temple architecture and is therefore considered an important sample for studying temple architecture in both Mongolia and East Asia. Yet, there is still no systematic study on this subject. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to study the arrangement plan, which is the most important aspect in the design and first stage of temple construction of Inner Mongolian Tibetan Buddhist temples. </p><p> In this study, 30 well-preserved temples, that were constructed between the end of the Northern Yuan Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty were selected as the object of this research. Firstly, the temples were divided into different levels according to the historical background of the temples. Further, the temple buildings were also classified based on their functions. Lastly, the arrangement plan has been modeled, which was also classified into a series of different types to further clarify the characteristics of the arrangement of the Inner Mongolian Buddhist temples. </p><p> Results-wise, this study suggests that these temples could be divided into three levels: Province Level, League Level, and Banner Level. Furthermore, there were 56 kinds of temple buildings among these 30 temples, which were divided into 3 types according to their functions. In accordance with the main buildings among the 56 classifications, the arrangement form of the temple has shown to be divided into Integrated Type and Separated Type. Importantly, Integrated Type could be divided into more detailed types like Symmetric Type and Asymmetric Type. The characteristic arrangement plans of these temples in different regions have been clearly found through a comparative analysis of each level's temple arrangement of various types. Surprisingly, the reason behind the characteristics has been initially discovered during this study. </p><p> In conclusion, this study presents a classification of arrangement characteristics of Buddhist temples of Inner Mongolia, based on arrangement plans in a variety of temples in Inner Mongolia. Finally, this research also provides a foundation for further studies on Mongolian temple architecture. </p>

著者

盧 ユニア Roh Junia

出版者

意匠学会

雑誌

デザイン理論 (ISSN:09101578)

巻号頁・発行日

no.79, pp.29-43, 2022-01-31

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学術論文This paper will focus on Japanese art ceramics displayed at the Japan-British Exhibition in 1910. By noting the prevalence of Kyo-ware (Kyo-yaki) works among the exhibits, this study aims to clarify its relationship with the design reform movement that took place in Kyoto in the early 20th century. The ceramics for export during the Meiji era, which are generally characterized by splendor and excessive decorations, were the dominant prior to 1910. However, new styles of Kyo-ware, such as Art Nouveau and experimenting with glaze techniques, gained prominence during this year and became representative of Japan. This is closely related to the design reforms that Iwata Nakazawa and Chū Asai brought about in the Kyoto craft world. After the decline of Japonism, the Japanese ceramic industry turned its back on international business and focused on the domestic market instead. For this reason, there are very few studies on international pieces in this period. The study of ceramics displayed at the Japan-British Exhibition will therefore provide an important clue as to how the Japanese pottery industry presented itself to the world at the time.

著者

前﨑 信也 Maezaki Shinya

出版者

意匠学会

雑誌

デザイン理論 (ISSN:09101578)

巻号頁・発行日

no.79, pp.15-28, 2022-01-31

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学術論文