著者
市橋 則明 吉田 正樹
出版者
日本体力医学会
雑誌
体力科學 (ISSN:0039906X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.42, no.5, pp.461-464, 1993-10-01
被引用文献数
8 4

A study was conducted to determine the minimum quantity of leg exercise required to prevent disuse atrophy of the quadriceps femoris muscle during bed rest. The subjects were 10 normal young university students with a mean age of 21.1 years. First, analysis of rectified filtered electromyography(RFEMG)was performed on the rectus femoris and vastus medialis during walking with cadences of 100 steps/min and 150 steps/min. Then, the effects of straight leg raising(SLR), patella setting(PS), knee extension-flexion in a supine position(KEF)and knee extension in a sitting position(KE)were analysed for each muscle using the same method. Based on the value of RFEMG for each muscle during walking, the repetition number for each exercise was calculated. For the rectus femoris, the repetition number for each exercise corresponding to 10000 steps with a cadence of 100 steps/min was 289 for SLR, 466 for PS, 1255 for LEF and 1663 for KE. For the vastus medialis, the corresponding numbers were 1223, 381, 6367 and 2170, respectively. When the cadence increased to 150 steps/min, the repetition number of each exercise for each muscle also increased. These results indicate that high-repetition exercise is recommendable to prevent disuse atrophy of the quadriceps femoris muscle. Therefore, the activity of patients should be increased to stimulate weakened muscles such as the quadriceps femoris during hospitalization.
著者
松村 敦 岡本 穂高 宇陀 則彦
出版者
日本教育工学会
雑誌
日本教育工学会論文誌 (ISSN:13498290)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, no.Suppl., pp.93-96, 2010-12-20 (Released:2016-08-07)
参考文献数
10
被引用文献数
2

本研究では,子どもの視点を考慮した絵本推薦システム構築のための基礎的準備として,子どもの好みと絵本の主題との関係性を捉える方法を検討した.実際に,34組の親子による絵本の読み聞かせ場面をビデオで撮影し,子どもの反応を記録した.次に,ビデオを分析し,反応の強弱によって子どもに好まれる絵本のページを特定した.最後に,各ページの主題を抽出し,子どもの好みと主題との関係性を分析した.その結果,21.4%のページには反応がなく子どもの好みとは無関係であることを示した.また,ページ毎に子どもの好みと主題とを結びつけて分析することで,より詳細な関係性を捉えられる可能性を示した.
著者
Yumi Hirakawa Seiichiro Hasezawa Takumi Higaki
出版者
Japan Mendel Society, International Society of Cytology
雑誌
CYTOLOGIA (ISSN:00114545)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.83, no.3, pp.289-293, 2018-09-25 (Released:2018-10-12)
参考文献数
29
被引用文献数
1

We previously established an experimental system for efficient pathogenic signal induced-cell death using tobacco BY-2 cells and culture filtrate of a plant pathogenic bacterium, Erwinia carotovora. Using this experimental system, cytoskeletal and vacuolar changes during the process of filtrate-induced cell death were characterized in detail. However, the initial events induced by the filtrate were largely unknown. In this study, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and endocytosis stimulation were examined in BY-2 cells treated with the filtrate of E. carotovora. Transient ROS production within 2 min was observed after the filtrate treatment. Treatment with the Ca2+ chelator BAPTA or the protein kinase inhibitor K252a significantly inhibited ROS production in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that ROS production depends on Ca2+ influx or protein phosphorylation. In addition, internalization of the endocytic marker FM4-64 was promoted by filtrate treatment within 30 min, suggesting that the filtrate treatment stimulated endocytosis. These results showed that ROS production and subsequent endocytosis stimulation are the initial events induced by culture filtrate of E. carotovora in BY-2 cells.
著者
崔 相 大島 泰雄
出版者
公益社団法人 日本水産学会
雑誌
日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.2, pp.97-106, 1961-02-25 (Released:2008-02-29)
参考文献数
21
被引用文献数
32 46

The sea cucumber Stichopus japonicus, is widely distributed along all the coast of Japan. Commercially it is divided into three forms due to the body color, the green, red and black. Of these three, the former two are important, through they have a different market value. As for the taxonomy of this species, there are Stichopus japonicus and S. armata described by E. SELENKA (1867); S. japonicus var. typicus by H. THEEL (1886); and S. armatus and S. roseus by E. AUGUSTIN (1908). K. MITSUKURI (1897) and H. OHSHIMA (1918) made it clear that these were all but synonyms of the S. Japonicus and this remains still accepted. The two forms of the Green and the Red, on the other hand, were first reported by K. MITSUKURI (1912) and were ascribed by the same author to a color variation due to the difference in habitat and thereafter his opinion has been widely accepted by the investigators. Between these two forms, however, there are found some distinct differences, not only morphological but also ecological. The present authors have studied this problem and hereby propose to separate them into two independent communities, ecologically and taxonomically different from each other with the following grounds: 1) The predominant color of the Green is dark bluish green, which varies with individuals from light bluish green to yellowish brown or dark brown. The key tone for the Red is red or brownish red, and the ventrum being in red without exception and to be its characteristic. There are, though very low in their occurrence (no more than 1 to 2 per cent), some intermediate forms with the dorsum similar to the Green and the ventrum similar to the Red, and vice versa. 2) The Polian vesicles of the Green are usually of stumpy shape with dully round tip, while those of the Red are slender with projected tip. 3) The body contractibility of the Red is remarkable and under a mechanical stimulus, for example, it contracts into an almost round shape, while no such habit is observed with the Green. 4) The shape of the ossicles of tentacles is much more complicated in the Red than the Green, whereas the disk of the tables of the former is more round-shaped and the circum-ference of its holes is broader than the latter. As for the size of the disk of tables, when compared with individuals of the same body weight, the Green wins over the Red. 5) The Green has a preference to somewhat lower salinity and eventually finds its favorite habitat on sand and muddy-sand grounds, while the Red with fondness for higher salinity lives mainly in the rock, pebble and gravel grounds. 6) The matured egg of the Red has a gelatinous coating 23-26 microns thick, while the Green has without it. In the coasts of Mie and Aichi Pref., the spawning period of the Red is earlier and shorter than that of the Green. 7) In view of the modes of reaction to the environments, such as growth and adaptation for salinity, the Green and the Red are judged to belong to a different environment, respectively. 8) In summer season when the water temperature is high, almost all of the Red take aestivation, on the contrary 50 per cent of the Green of 6 to 30gr. (weight of body-wall) and 75 per cent of the grown-up are found in aestivation, and younglings of less than 5gr. totally dispense with it.
著者
斎藤 夏来
出版者
名古屋大学
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2016-04-01

研究課題において設定した研究対象である宇喜多能家画像について、その伝来事情を論考「宇喜多能家画像の伝来事情」にまとめ、『岡山地方史研究』に投稿した。大寺社や大名家に伝来したわけではなく、近世期には村方社会において保存されてきた本画像の伝来経緯をいおおむねあきらかにすることができた。こうした伝来事情の検討を通じ、研究対象である能家画像が、むしろ典型的な中世画像の一例と考え得ることなどを指摘した。この論考は年度内の刊行予定である。また、主な研究目的である画像賛の読解について、高精細赤外線画像を用いた読解作業と、関連史料の収集とをほぼ終了し、「(仮)室町武士の創出ー宇喜多能家画像賛の検討」と題する論考の執筆に着手した。文書や記録などの補助史料としてではなく、むしろ文書や記録などの読み直しを迫られる史料として、画像賛という史料の特性や価値を捉えようとしている。なお本研究で撮影作成した高精細赤外線画像は、求めに応じて東京大学史料編纂所に提供し、『大日本史料』9編28の346~349頁掲載の「絹本着色宇喜多能家像」の翻刻に用いられた。この翻刻の成果も、執筆中の論考において、あわせて検討を加える予定である。また、本研究課題に密接に関連する著書『五山僧がつなぐ列島史ー足利政権期の宗教と政治ー』(名古屋大学出版会)を刊行した。
著者
亀田 晃輔
出版者
神戸大学美術史研究会
雑誌
美術史論集
巻号頁・発行日
no.15, pp.115-135, 2015-02
著者
Pipatpol Tanavongchinda 小山 幸伸
出版者
National Institute of Technology, Oita College
雑誌
大分工業高等専門学校紀要 (ISSN:13460781)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, pp.25-26, 2017 (Released:2017-12-28)
参考文献数
3

Diversity of vocabulary is high in the agricultural domain by the people different in a background such as farmer, distribution processor, researcher, and so forth. The diversity is a hurdle to share and exchange agricultural information. In order to lower this hurdle in Thailand, we considered to create the common agricultural vocabulary (CAVOC) in Thai. To realize this, we created the CAVOC translator. It is a mechanism to translate based on CAVOC in English and Japanese defined by Japanese research group. As a result, we confirmed that our system can easily create CAVOC in Thai, and eliminate obvious mistakes.
著者
佐藤 嘉明
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.70, no.587, pp.199-206, 2005-01-30 (Released:2017-02-11)
参考文献数
14

Karo Obi, this name has been well known as the architect who got the first prize in the design competition of the Kanagawa Prefectural Government Hall held in 1926. So far, the Kanagawa Prefectural Government Hall has been regarded as the first Imperial Crown Style (TEIKAN-YOSHIKI) building. Owing to his father's advice, he modified the tower of this building from Buddhism five-storied pagoda. This thesis shows the summary of Obi's whole life with background situation to create this eclecticism design and the relation between Imperial Crown Style public buildings and great architect Toshikata Sano.
著者
住岡 敏弘
出版者
宮崎公立大学
雑誌
宮崎公立大学人文学部紀要 (ISSN:13403613)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.19, no.1, pp.243-256, 2012-03-02

人格教育をめぐる政策としては、「人格教育における連携事業」(Partnership in Character Education Project)が有名である。この事業は、1994年に、クリントン政権のもとで成立した『アメリカ学校改善法』(Improving America's Schools Act)のなかで規定され、人格教育プロジェクトについて州政府に対する補助金規定が盛り込まれた。その後、ブッシュ政権のもとで2002年に成立した『落ちこぼれ防止法』(No Child Left Behind Act)においてもこの事業は引き継がれ今日に至っている。しかし、「人格教育における連携事業」創設以前にも、連邦政府は既に人格教育に対する補助金事業を行っていた。1981年10月には、『シティズンシップの原理の教授に教育分野の包括補助金を使用する権限を付与する法律(An Act to authorize the use of education block grant funds to teach the principles of citizenship)(PL97-313)』が成立し、レーガン政権下での『初等中等教育法』の改正法である『1981年教育統合改善法(Education Consolidation and Improvement Act of 1981)』チャプター2の包括補助金から、シティズンシップ教育プログラムの改善に対して補助金が支出することが可能になったのである。この規定にもとづき、人格教育プログラムの改善にも連邦資金が使われてきたのである。本論では、シティズンシップ教育に対する連邦政府の公的関与に対する本格的な分析の前段階として、同法成立に向け連邦議会で提出された法案ならび公聴会での論議についての確認を行った。
著者
平岡 聡 Satoshi HIRAOKA 京都文教大学臨床心理学部臨床心理学科 Kyoto Bunkyo University Department of Clinical Psychology Faculty of Clinical Psychology
出版者
京都文教大学
雑誌
臨床心理学部研究報告 = Reports from the Faculty of Clinical Psychology, Kyoto Bunkyo University (ISSN:18843751)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, pp.65-74, 2010-03-31

This paper aims to elucidate some problems concerning discrimination and equality in Indian Buddhism from the standpoint of Buddhist karmic concepts. In understanding a religion, it is very important to clarify how the religion looks at human beings. We could easily surmise the idea of equality of human beings in Christianity, because they are thought to be equally created by God. Or we could guess the equality in Christianity from another aspect: human beings all share the original sin which was fi rst committed by Adam and Eve. Then what stance does Buddhism take concerning this problem? How has the view of humanity in Buddhism been infl uenced by karmic ideas (especially bad karma accumulated in one's past lives) corresponding to sin in Christianity? I will make clear the problem in Indian Buddhism and then consider the direction which Buddhism should take in the future.