著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1948年10月15日, 1948-10-15

著者

渡辺 肇

出版者

加計学園倉敷芸術科学大学

雑誌

倉敷芸術科学大学紀要 (ISSN:13443623)

巻号頁・発行日

no.9, pp.265-278, 2004

著者

丹後 俊郎

出版者

日本行動計量学会

雑誌

行動計量学 (ISSN:03855481)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.56-67, 2001 (Released:2009-04-07)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2 4

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Meta-analysis is a statistical method which examines all the combinable studies on a particular subject conducted independently in the past in order to estimate the size of the common effect regarding the same research question, e.g., to estimate the efficacy, toxicity effect and environmental risk of certain treatments. In other words, meta-analysis is a scientific procedure that integrates the evidence obtained all over the world. This paper describes its application to clinical research.

著者

門内 輝行

出版者

一般社団法人 日本デザイン学会

雑誌

デザイン学研究特集号 (ISSN:09196803)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.13-29, 2002-09-30 (Released:2017-11-27)

参考文献数

27

巻号頁・発行日

1944-09

著者

佐藤 守男

出版者

北海道大学法学部

雑誌

北大法学論集 (ISSN:03855953)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.6, pp.75-127, 2000-03-31

著者

一條 宏明 朴沢 二郎 藤原 文明 西村 哲也

出版者

Japan Society for Equilibrium Research

雑誌

Equilibrium Research (ISSN:03855716)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.4, pp.414-419, 1988

被引用文献数

1

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This study was performed to determine the influence of repeated rotatostimulation on the vestibulo-ocular reflex. Three figure skaters and three ballet dancers with careers of more than 10 years were examined by two rotation tests with Contraves' computerized rotary chair on the same day. The two tests were Trapezoid Rotation (TR) test (±2, 4, 6, 8, 10°/sec<SUP>2</SUP>, 10″) and Sinusoidal Harmonic Acceleration (SHA) test (0.01, 0.02, 0.04, 0.08, 0.16 Hz).<BR>1) The TR test showed that skaters and ballet dancers had equivalent values of VOR-Gains as the average of healthy untrained subjects.<BR>2) VOR-Gains measured by the SHA test were lower than the average of healthy untrained subjects.The difference was most clearly noticed with rotations of 0.16Hz.<BR>3) No subjects showed vestibular asymmetry, except for one subject who showed directional preponderance to the left.<BR>4) Nystagmus duration measured by the TR test was within the normal range.

著者

中野 晋 湯浅 成昭 粕淵 義郎

出版者

公益社団法人 土木学会

雑誌

土木学会論文集F6(安全問題) (ISSN:21856621)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.2, pp.I_118-I_123, 2012 (Released:2013-01-30)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

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東日本大震災では岩手,宮城,福島3県で園児・児童・生徒553名が亡くなったが,大川小学校などの事例を除くと引き渡し後に自宅や帰宅途中で犠牲になった子供たちが多いと伝えられている.一方,学校施設は災害直後から避難所として利用され,多くの教職員が避難所の開設・運営,さらに被災した学校の復旧や代替施設での学校再開など平常とは異なる膨大な業務の上に,児童・生徒のメンタルケアにも心を砕く必要があった.こうした教育機関での災害対応上の課題を整理し,これらの教訓から教育機関の防災管理のあり方について述べる.これを踏まえて徳島県でまとめた学校防災管理マニュアルガイドラインとこれの普及方法について報告する.

著者

宮本 陽子

出版者

慶應義塾大学

雑誌

史学 (ISSN:03869334)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.1, pp.67-90, 1996-09

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西欧中世における権威の理念ボーヴェのヴィンケンティウスと『大鏡』『大鏡』序文に示された権威の構造ヴィンケンティウスの権威の序列構造における個人の権威の位置付けThe Speculum maius (first manuscript completed by 1244) is recognized as the greatest encyclopedia before the eighteenth century French Encydopedie. The compiler of this encyclopedia, Vincent of Beauvais (1190?-1264), collected and presented all the knowledge available to the thirteenth century Latin West. The Speculum maius, therefore, offers an insight into the thought of the thirteenth century, the formative period of the High Middle Ages. It also provides ideal material with which to examine the elusive notion of authority (auctoritas). In the introduction, 'Apologia Actoris', Vincent defines and classifies the different kinds of authority he used in the Speculum maius. This paper explicates Vincent's idea of epistemological authority and considers some of the wider historical implications of his idea. In chapter 12 of Apologia Actoris, Vincent maps out a hierarchical structure of authority. The ultimate authority is Holy Scripture, which is beyond any debate or any authority of the Church. Next to Holy Scripture, Vincent says he wants (volui) to give the same, highest degree of authority to the canonized Saints and the papal bulls and conciliar cannons. He further explains the relationship between these two categories in a somewhat enigmatic sentence : "Therefore, both kinds are appropriately placed in the first degree of authority, because as the exceeding and the exceeded they are mutually given precedence to each other (Utrumque ergo genus in primo auctoritatis gradu merito ponitur, quoniam ut excedentia et excessa sibi vicissim preferuntur)." The middle rank of authority is given to Christian scholars who were prudent and catholic, but not canonized. The lowest rank of authority is given to non-Christian scholars and philosophers ; despite their ignorance of the truth of catholic faith, they made statements that may well be proven true by catholic faith and human reason. Vincent denies any authority to apocryphal texts on the grounds that they are either written anonymously or of dubious verity. In describing the first rank of authority, Vincent shows a certain tentativeness which he does not display when dealing with other ranks of authority. Vincent places the authority of Saints and that of papal bulls and conciliar cannons at the same level. In other words, he places inner authority at the same level as the social authority of the Church. He further states these two to be of a mutually supplementing nature. As opposed to when he describes other ranks of authority, he does not present this view as a given norm. He wants to recognize them as of the same dignity; this is his personal opinion. In order to understand this peculiar mode of presentation, we need to take into consideration the person of Vincent and the social situation of his time. Vincent was a Dominican. Dominicans combined preaching and contemplation. Vincent was also a close associate and even lector of the Cistercians. He shared their criticism of the state of the world (including the institutional Church) and shared their strong inclination toward contemplation. Vincent was convinced of the efficacy of inner authority. In this temporal world, the ultimate way to the truth of God seemed to be the experience of personal communion with God, the experience toward which contemplation strives. Vincent trusted the Church to shepard believers. However, Vincent also believed that in some cases the inner authority of exceptional individuals could supersede the social authority of the Church. This is so because these individuals have direct knowledge of transcendental reality attained through personal communion with God. But Vincent knew that such a view could be accused of heresy by those who held the social authority of the Church firmly above the inner authority of individual believers. Since the late twelfth century, the proliferation of heresy was a most pressing problem for the Church. One of the crucial points in defining heresy was balancing the authority of individual believers with that of the Church. The dichotomy of inner and social authority is already manifest in the Gospels. Nevertheless, though never denied, inner authority was never given a clear position in the structure of Church. Vincent, therefore, had to be tentative in his assertion of the value of inner authority. Further evidence that Vincent valued inner authority can be seen in his statements that he compiled the encyclopedia as a guide, and that readers should make their own judgments. Evidence is also found in the way he cites the authors' names for his quotations in the main texts, not in the margin, lest they should be lost or become obscure through the mistakes of scribes. Vincent's emphasis on inner authority has wider historical implications. For one, the question of balance between inner and social authority, which re-surfaced during the Reformation era, has not been solved even today. It also draws attention to the question of European individualism, particularly to the view that it had its germination in the Middle Ages (cf. among others, Jan A. Aertsen and Andreas Speer eds, Individuum und Individualitdt im Mittelalter (Berlin/New York, 1996); Aaron Gurevich, The Origins of European Individualism Oxford/Cambridge, Mass., 1995; Colin Morris, The Discovery of the Individual 1050-1200 Tronto, 1972).

著者

小林 弘憲 富永 敬俊 勝野 泰朗

出版者

日本ブドウ・ワイン学会

雑誌

ASEV日本ブドウ・ワイン学会誌 (ISSN:13422324)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.75-80, 2006

被引用文献数

2

著者

橋本 望

出版者

アークメディア

雑誌

臨床精神医学 (ISSN:0300032X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.12, pp.1521-1528, 2016-12

著者

KAWASAKI Kenichi

出版者

GRIPS Policy Research Center

雑誌

GRIPS Discussion Papers

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18-05, 2018-06

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The US imposed US tariffs on steel and aluminum imports in March 2018. An estimate of the economic impact of tariff hikes made using a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model of global trade, incorporating a dynamic capital formation mechanism, indicates that US import tariffs could protect the relevant US sectors but would have a negative impact on the US economy at the macro level. This key policy finding could not be attributed to the conventional framework of fixed labor in a CGE model. Also, a sensitivity analysis using a CGE model indicates that international capital movements would differentiate the impact of tariff hikes among countries. Trade deficits themselves would not necessarily be of much concern given the somewhat compensatory benefits of international capital inflows. On the other hand, possible capital outflows could exaggerate the adverse effects of tariff hikes. It is estimated here that for an import tariff hike of one percentage point worldwide, global trade would decrease by around 1.7 per cent and global GDP would decrease by around 0.2 per cent. It is of concern that emergent protectionism would reduce the growth of both global trade and the global economy.

著者

天神 朋美

出版者

聖マリアンナ医科大学

巻号頁・発行日

2012

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博士論文

著者

田中 淳平

出版者

北九州市立大学経済学会

雑誌

北九州市立大学商経論集 (ISSN:13472623)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.1, pp.199-211, 2015-03

著者

東野 和幸 杉岡 正敏 小林 隆夫 石川 昂紀

出版者

室蘭工業大学航空宇宙機システム研究センター

雑誌

室蘭工業大学航空宇宙機システム研究センター年次報告書 = Muroran Institute of Technology Aerospace Plane Research Center Annual Report

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2009, pp.39-41, 2010-06

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研究成果の概要 : エンジン関連

著者

関根 達人

出版者

日本第四紀学会

雑誌

第四紀研究 (ISSN:04182642)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.4, pp.193-203, 2014

被引用文献数

5

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現在,北海道・北東北の縄文遺跡群の世界遺産登録を目指した活動が進行している.三内丸山遺跡の調査以降,青森県は縄文の遺跡の宝庫として広く認知されるようになったが,三内丸山遺跡や是川遺跡といった著名な遺跡が注目される一方,他県と比べ縄文遺跡が多いのか少ないのか,時期毎の増減はどうなっているのかといった基本情報は必ずしも明確にされないまま,集落論が語られてきた.個々の遺跡の発掘調査データに立脚したミクロな分析の積み上げは確かに重要だが,同時に文化財保護行政資料として作成された遺跡地名表・遺跡地図データを学問の俎上に載せ,マクロな視点からそれぞれの地域の縄文遺跡の特徴を大掴みで把握することも必要であろう.本稿では,青森県遺跡地図情報から時期毎・地域毎の遺跡数を集計し,それと青森県内で検出された竪穴住居跡数の集計情報を重ね合わせた上で,宮城県の遺跡数との比較を行うことにより,縄文時代の遺跡数や人口規模の変遷を検討した.

著者

水野豊 編

出版者

水野豊

巻号頁・発行日

1889

著者

岩下 剛

出版者

東京都市大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2013-04-01

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日本スポーツ振興センターの事故データと、事故発生時の気象データをマッチングさせ研究を行った。冷房普及率の高い東京都区部および冷房普及率の低い東京都市部の学校を調査したところ、夏期、中間期において区部小中学校教室における事故率の経年減少が市部小中学校教室に比べ著しかった。学校における熱中症発生と環境温度との関係を考察したところ、外気温熱指標の上昇に対応する熱中症発生リスクの増大が顕著であった。高温下の体育館における環境温度の熱中症発生への影響は校庭と同等であることを確認した。東京都のある区の学校空気検査結果行政データを入手し考察したところ、中学校教室で平均CO2濃度が基準を超過していた。

著者

樫田十次郎 著

出版者

実業之日本社

巻号頁・発行日

1911

著者

池原 陽斉

出版者

京都女子大学国文学会

雑誌

女子大國文 (ISSN:02859823)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.162, pp.32-51, 2018-01-31