著者

Barbro B Johansson

出版者

The Keio Journal of Medicine

雑誌

The Keio Journal of Medicine (ISSN:00229717)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.4, pp.231-246, 2004 (Released:2005-06-17)

参考文献数

238

被引用文献数

60 81

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Research during the last decades has greatly increased our understanding of brain plasticity, i.e. how neuronal circuits can be modified by experience, learning and in response to brain lesions. Currently available neuroimaging techniques that make it possible to study the function of the human brain in vivo have had an important impact. Cross-modal plasticity during development is demonstrated by cortical reorganization in blind or deaf children. Early musical training has lasting effects in shaping the brain. Albeit the plasticity is largest during childhood, the adult brain retains a capacity for functional and structural reorganization that earlier has been underestimated. Resent research on Huntington's disease has revealed the possibility of environmental interaction even with dominant genes. Scientifically based training methods are now being applied in rehabilitation of patients after stroke and trauma, and in the sensory retraining techniques currently applied in the treatment of focal hand dystonia as well as in sensory re-education after nerve repair in hand surgery. There is evidence that frequent participation in challenging and stimulating activities is associated with reduced cognitive decline during aging. The current concept of brain plasticity has wide implication for areas outside neuroscience and for all human life.

著者

山田 達郎 木綿 隆弘 平居 聖朗

出版者

一般社団法人 日本風工学会

雑誌

日本風工学会年次研究発表会・梗概集 平成21年度日本風工学会年次研究発表会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.80, 2009 (Released:2009-07-07)

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本研究では,開発した可変ピッチ式H型ダリウス風車が風向に対して指向性を持つ特性を強風時の過回転を防止するヨー制御に利用することを目的として,メイン尾翼とサブ尾翼で構成される新型尾翼を考案した.本尾翼のヨーイング角速度,定常状態時の風向との角度(偏心角)を数値解析及び風洞実験により調べ,サブ尾翼のシャフトを長くすることで最大ヨーイング角速度を低下させることができる.また,定常時の偏心角が60°になるためのメイン尾翼とサブ尾翼のシャフト長さの比と面積の比の関係を明らかにした.

著者

村野 剛志 飯沼 武 舘野 之男 大崎 洋充 立石 宇貴秀 寺内 隆司 加藤 和明 井上 登美夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本放射線技術学会

雑誌

日本放射線技術学会雑誌 (ISSN:03694305)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.9, pp.1151-1156, 2008-09-20 (Released:2008-10-08)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2 2 1

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The benefits of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) cancer screening are expected to include a large population of examinees and are intended for a healthy group. Therefore, we attempted to determine the benefit/risk ratio, estimated risk of radiation exposure, and benefit of cancer detection. We used software that embodied the method of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) to calculate the average duration of life of radiation exposure. We calculated the lifesaving person years of benefit to be obtained by 18FDG PET cancer screening detection. We also calculated the benefit/risk ratio using life-shortening and lifesaving person years. According to age, the benefit/risk ratio was more than 1 at 35–39 years old for males and 30–34 years old for females. 18FDG PET cancer screening also is effective for examinees older than this. A risk-benefit analysis of 18FDG-PET/computed tomography (CT) cancer screening will be necessary in the future.

著者

田良島 哲

出版者

一般社団法人 映像情報メディア学会

雑誌

映像情報メディア学会誌 (ISSN:13426907)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.11, pp.1586-1588, 2007-11-01 (Released:2010-01-15)

参考文献数

6

著者

Isamu Shiina Keisuke Ono Kenya Nakata

出版者

The Chemical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemistry Letters (ISSN:03667022)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.147-149, 2011-02-05 (Released:2011-01-08)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

48

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A variety of optically active 1-heteroarylalkanols and their esters, which include heteroaromatic moieties, such as 2-furyl, 2-thienyl, 3-thienyl, 2-thiazoyl, 2-benzothiazoyl, and 2-benzoxazoyl groups, are efficiently produced by a novel asymmetric esterification. The transition states that form the desired (R)-esters from the (R)-1-heteroarylalkanols are determined by DFT calculations, and the structural features of these transition states are systematically discussed.

著者

船津 敏弘 前田 紀子 谷矢 隆介 山本 奈美絵

出版者

動物臨床医学会

雑誌

動物臨床医学 (ISSN:13446991)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.2, pp.87-91, 2003 (Released:2007-11-02)

参考文献数

6

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犬のボディ・コンディション・スコア(BCS)について、年齢、犬種、性別、飼育形態などの観点から検討を行った。さらに各種疾病におけるBCSの変化について調査した。子宮蓄膿症、皮膚病および跛行症例においてはBCS 5の症例が多かった。泌尿器疾患、消化器疾患においてはBCS 2の症例が多かった。循環器、肝臓疾患、腫瘍などではBCS 5およびBCS 1の両方が多い傾向が認められた。 死亡原因別にみると心不全はBCS 4のものとBCS 2の例が多かった。心不全で長期的な管理ができた例、および腎不全の症例ではBCS 2が多かった。肝障害ではBCS 5が多く、糖尿病ではBCS 5とBCS 1の症例に分かれた。犬のBCSの変化には十分注意することが重要であると思われた。

著者

臼井 恵次 岸野 拓男 東 俊雄 進藤 晴夫 丸本 卓哉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本水環境学会

雑誌

水環境学会誌 (ISSN:09168958)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.10, pp.690-695, 1993-10-10 (Released:2008-04-21)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

5 3

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Fulvic acid extracted from lake sediments was treated with Amberlite XAD-2 and XAD-8 resins. The metal complexing ability of the fulvic acid was measured at pH 6.0 with a Cu2+ titration method, in which free Cu2+ was determined with an ion selective electrode. A two binding site model, in which there are two kinds of the molecules having strong and weak complexing ability and they complex with metal ion at the ratio of 1 : 1, was employed for the determination of the stability constant and complexing capacity of the fulvic acid, because the hyperbolic approxmation could apply to the Scatchard plot of the found values.The stability constants of the fulvic acids having strong complexing ability and weak complexing ability were in the range of 6.33-7.12 and 4.35-4.66, respectively. Both colorless fractions of the fulvic acid which were not adsorbed on XAD-2 and XAD-8 resins had such a high complexing ability as 44 and 32 μmol·g-1, respectively.On the other hand, both colored fractions of the fulvic acid which were adsobed on the resins had only little complexing capacity.

著者

臼井 恵次 進藤 晴夫 丸本 卓哉 岸野 拓男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本水環境学会

雑誌

水環境学会誌 (ISSN:09168958)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.9, pp.596-599, 1994-09-10 (Released:2008-01-22)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

2 1

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A release of phosphorus from calcium phosphate, iron(III) phosphate, and aluminum phosphate owing to the complex formation of their metals with fulvic acid was examined. Fulvic acid was extracted from lake sediments and treated with Amberlite XAD-8 resin. The non-adsorbed fraction of fulvic acid on the resin, which has highly Cu2+-complexing capacity, was used in this study, because the adsorbed fraction has only little Cu2+-complexing capacity as reported in our previous paper.The non-adsorbed fraction was able to release phosphorus from calcium phosphate, but not from iron(III) phosphate, and aluminum phosphate. The application of X-ray analysis to the calcium phosphate indicated that the major component is hydroxyapatite. The stability constant of the Cu2+-fractionated fulvic acid was determined to be 2×105 (log K=5.3) and the average molecular weight of the fulvic acid was 1,026.

著者

小松 俊彦

出版者

一般社団法人日本PDA製薬学会

雑誌

日本PDA学術誌 GMPとバリデーション (ISSN:13444891)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.8-12, 2001 (Released:2006-07-29)

参考文献数

10

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In recent years, in Japanese society, Medical practice, medicines, foods, and environmental accidents and natural disasters have been happening. The importance of “Danger management” has been realized, and its system has been strongly sought. On the other hand, even about contagious diseases, treatment with sulfa drugs and/or antibiotics, and inoculation with vaccines have advanced in development. In the developed countries, contagious disease had been thought to be almost conquered. Nevertheless, in the past 20 years about 30 new infectious diseases have appeared, and the previous diseases also have gained immunity to medicines by changing character and virology, reappearing as new diseases and are looked upon as problems. Especially concerning infectious diseases, the importance of controlling dangers such as HIV infected blood plasma goes without saying. With this background, concerning the increasingly sought biosafely, biological production facilities biohazards counterplans sighted as basic lectures are to be conducted. The lecture content is dealing with biohazards, and biosafety principles and practices, and biosafety guideline in bioproduction facilities.

著者

江草 由佳

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.10, pp.581-584, 2011 (Released:2011-01-01)

著者

村瀬 勝信

出版者

日本パーソナリティ心理学会

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.3, pp.324-326, 2006 (Released:2006-08-30)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

4 4

著者

Hiroyuki MASUDA Haruka MATSUMAE Tsuyoshi MASUDA Hideo HATTA

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.1, pp.9-12, 2010 (Released:2010-03-31)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

2 2

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Thiamin (vitamin B1) is known to activate carbohydrate metabolism in part through activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of thiamin tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide (TTFD), a thiamin derivative, on utilization of exogenous glucose by measuring oxidation of 13C-glucose at rest and during prolonged exercise in mice under normal dietary conditions. Mice orally ingested TTFD (0.1 mg/g BW [body weight]) and 13C-glucose (0.8 mg/g BW) or 13C-lactate (0.1 mg/g BW) plus glucose (0.8 mg/g BW) at rest or before endurance running. The average percent of 13C atoms in total 12C+13C (13C atom%) in expired air after ingestion of 13C-glucose at rest was significantly lower in the TTFD group than in the control group. No significant difference was found in 13C atom% in expired air after ingestion of 13C-glucose and prolonged exercise. In addition, no significant effect of TTFD was found in expired 13C atom% after ingestion of 13C-lactate plus glucose at rest. TTFD also had no effect on concentrations of muscle or liver glycogen at rest. These results suggest that TTFD, which is a thiamin derivative, decreases oxidation of exogenous glucose at rest, but not during exercise.

著者

Mayu Kuroki Shinichi Ookawara Kohei Ogawa

出版者

The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan

雑誌

JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN (ISSN:00219592)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.Supplement., pp.s73-s78, 2009-12-30 (Released:2009-12-30)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

39 56

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A novel high-fidelity CFD model is proposed for the process optimization and intensification of methane steam reforming in a packed bed reactor. The random packing of spherical particles is constituted by simulating a dumping of particles into the annular reactor by a commercial code based on discrete element method (DEM). The complex spatial geometry between hundreds of particles is created associated with a developed interparticle bridge method, which eliminates the interparticle and particle–wall contact regions by assuming that the small regions are stagnant and would not affect the reactor behavior. The conservation equations of mass, momentum, energy and chemical species are fully solved by employing a commercial CFD code based on finite volume method. A newly coded subroutine is incorporated into the CFD code to evaluate the reaction rates according to the species partial pressures and temperature on each surface cell covering the particles. The values of reaction, equilibrium and adsorption constants are specified based on the experiments in the literature. According to the reaction rates, the mass and heat sources are given to each fluid cell on the surface cell. It is verified that the developed CFD model is capable of predicting the distributions of species and temperature microscopically as well as macroscopically for methane steam reforming. The present DEM–CFD procedure enables one to investigate the behavior of packed bed reactor in detail once the catalyst is characterized in a conventional way. Therefore it would become a powerful tool to optimize and intensify any process in a packed bed reactor where the plug flow assumption is invalid.

著者

安達 文夫

出版者

一般社団法人 画像電子学会

雑誌

画像電子学会誌 (ISSN:02859831)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.5, pp.683-690, 2004 (Released:2009-09-03)

参考文献数

14

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博物館のディジタルアーカイブは,展示を含めた広範な公開に活用するために行われる.研究向けには,目録にあたる基本情報が網羅的に付されることが求められる.一般向けには利用者層に応じて選ばれた資料が,解説や関連情報とともに提供されることが望ましい.概観を表す画像は基本情報の一部と位置付けることができる.資料の内容を表す情報として,研究に必要な情報量を持つことで,一般向けにもディジタルアーカイブとしての価値が生ずる.   このような例として,国立歴史民俗博物館では,非常に細かく描かれた大型の平面資料やコレクション資料を主な対象とした超精細ディジタル資料を制作している.多くの入館者が利用できるよう,操作性に特段の配慮をしている.展示などに適用した事例から,資料の細部や隠れた箇所を明りょうに見ることができ,原品で必要な細心の注意を払うことなく,自由に閲覧できるといった実物にはない効用を持つことが,ディジタル資料が広く活用されるために必要であることが示された.

著者

本間 善夫

出版者

日本コンピュータ化学会

雑誌

Journal of Computer Chemistry, Japan (ISSN:13471767)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1012130084, (Released:2010-12-18)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

鈴木 雄亮 金子 毅

出版者

日本法科学技術学会

雑誌

日本法科学技術学会誌 (ISSN:18801323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.99-105, 2009 (Released:2009-08-25)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1 1

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In this study, the stability of methamphetamine, bromovalerylurea, acetaminophen and salicylic acid in formalin solution was investigated during 90 days. The stability of these drugs was examined in 4 types of formalin solution (10% and 20% concentration pH adjusted formalin (pH7.4) and each concentration pH unadjusted formalin solution) and at 2 temperature conditions (room temperature and cold storage).   Methamphetamine was very stable at cold storage in each formalin solution. In contrast, more than 80% of methamphetamine was converted into its N-methyl derivative, dimethylamphetamine in pH adjusted formalin at room temperature at 90 days. Bromovalerylurea was stable only when in pH unadjusted formalin at cold storage. Under the other conditions, bromovalerylurea was decomposed and observed a compound assumed to be the bromovalerylurea-formaldehyde reaction product by LC/MS. The concentration of acetaminophen was decreased gradually under all conditions and a compound assumed to be the acetaminophen-formaldehyde reaction product was detected by LC/MS and GC/MS. When salicylic acid was stored under all conditions, concentrations of salicylic acid did not change.   Thus, it appears that the stability of drugs varies individually in the presence of formalin and under different conditions (formalin concentration, pH and storage temperature). So, forensic scientists must note when attempting to determine the drugs in the formalin-fixed biological specimens.

著者

鵜飼 卓

出版者

一般社団法人 日本救急医学会

雑誌

日本救急医学会雑誌 (ISSN:0915924X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.12, pp.1069-1079, 2008-12-15 (Released:2009-08-07)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1

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2008年上半期の自然災害による死者は約23万人,被災人口は約 1 億 3 千万人に上る。人口の急増と都市への集中などによって,自然災害はその規模を拡大させ,また地域紛争も後を絶たず,災害の被害者は益々増加の傾向にある。世界の難民は約 1 千万人,国内避難民は約 2 千万人を数える。これらの災害に対して,国際社会は人々の生命を救い,生活を支援するために,国連レベル,各国レベル,自治体レベル,そして市民レベルで各種の人道支援活動を開始するが,医療支援はその重要な一部分を占める。国際的な人道支援に関与する国連機関としては,UNOCHA,UNHCR,UNICEF,WHO,WFP,HABITAT,IOMなどがあり,医療を担当する主なNGOにはICRC,IFRCをはじめ,MSF,MDM,Merlin,CARE,CARITASなど数多くの団体がある。日本の国際災害緊急医療支援を実施する組織としては,日本国際緊急援助隊医療チーム,日赤医療チーム,AMDA,HuMAなどがある。これらの団体が海外の災害被災地に医療チームを派遣して救援医療活動を行うに当たって守るべき行動規範としてスフィアプロジェクトと国際赤十字のガイドラインとがある。これらを知らずしていきなり未経験の派遣希望者を被災地に派遣すべきではない。国際災害救援医療活動に伴う課題は少なくない。被災地への到着のタイミングの遅れ,被災者の真のニーズの把握とグループの持つ対応能力との整合性,他団体の活動との重複や競合,復旧・復興・開発段階の地域の医療との整合性,経済性などは全世界的な共通の課題であり,日本国内の問題としては人材確保と教育の機会,活動資金の調達,被災地のニーズに見合う特色のあるチーム作りなど数々の課題が残されている。これらの課題にもかかわらず,国際災害救援医療は日本人による国際貢献の一手段として,世界に一灯をともすものとして発展させるべきであろう。若手の医療人の参加を期待する。

著者

笠井 航 長谷川 修

出版者

日本神経回路学会

雑誌

日本神経回路学会誌 (ISSN:1340766X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.3, pp.149-157, 2009-09-05 (Released:2009-10-30)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

3 2

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In this paper, we propose a fast learning algorithm of a support vector machine (SVM). Our work is based on the Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) and we compress the data to perform properly in the context of clustered data margin maximization. For solving the problem faster, we propose the improved TOD algorithm, which is one of the simplest form of LVQ. Experimental results demonstrate that our method is as accurate as the existing implementation, but it is faster in most situations. We also show the extension of the proposed learning framework for online re-training problem.

著者

鈴木 信治

出版者

日本腰痛学会

雑誌

日本腰痛学会雑誌 (ISSN:13459074)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.59-63, 2005 (Released:2007-12-14)

参考文献数

9

著者

Mikinobu TAKEUCHI Naoya KUWAYAMA Michiya KUBO Kimiko UMEMURA Yutaka HIRASHIMA Shunro ENDO

出版者

The Japan Neurosurgical Society

雑誌

Neurologia medico-chirurgica (ISSN:04708105)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.9, pp.470-471, 2005 (Released:2005-09-26)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

7 10

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A 68-year-old man presented with occlusion of the internal carotid artery (ICA) manifesting as a 6-month history of progressive sensory and motor disturbance of the left lower limb. Angiography clearly demonstrated a collateral arterial network between the ICA and external carotid artery (ECA) through the vidian artery, a small branch of both the ICA and ECA. The vidian artery may form an unusual but important ECA-ICA collateral pathway in patients with occlusive lesion of the ICA.