著者
池上 重康 木方 十根 砂本 文彦 鈴木 貴仁
出版者
一般財団法人 住総研
雑誌
住総研研究論文集 (ISSN:21878188)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, pp.53-64, 2012 (Released:2017-08-10)

路面電車郊外とは,19世紀末に米国で展開した路面電車沿線に開発された郊外住宅地のことを指す。日本の地方都市における路面電車郊外像を探るべく,10の事例報告を通して類型化し,郊外住宅地の概念にどう位置づけられるか考察した。人口変動に伴う宅地化圧力と都市計画の実施状況を軸に以下の類型を見出した。人ロポテンシャルの高い都市では典型的な路面電車郊外が形成されたが,それ以外の都市では土地区画整理を計画したが連続的な宅地形成には至らず,都市計画事業を実現できず宅地化の萌芽に留まる例もあった。日本の路面電車郊外は自発性を含み,理念先行ではなく都市のポテンシャルに即して形成された郊外住宅地であると位置づけられる。
著者
岩元 俊輔 木方 十根
出版者
公益社団法人 日本都市計画学会
雑誌
都市計画. 別冊, 都市計画論文集 = City planning review. Special issue, Papers on city planning (ISSN:09131280)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.44, no.3, pp.823-828, 2009-10-25
被引用文献数
3

鹿児島県は太平洋戦争末期において小都市に至るまで戦災を被った。本論は、こうした鹿児島県下の地方小都市の戦災復興都市計画における広場の計画に着目した研究である。その目的は広場の計画と実施状況を把握することでその特色を明らかにすること、実施された広場の現況および現況に至る過程での改修・改変の実態を明らかにすることを通して、都市計画資産の継承について問題提起することである。本報告で明らかとなったことは、鹿児島県の小都市では、ロータリーや親水空間などが計画され、都市美の形成を意図した広場が実現したこと。しかしながら、当初計画では美観や親水性に考慮して設けた広場が、交通優先の機能重視の改変によって、その空間的価値や意味を喪失し、現在では市民の空間としての価値が認識されることのない状況にあること。以上である。
著者
大前 敦巳 岡山 茂 田川 千尋 白鳥 義彦 山崎 晶子 木方 十根 隠岐 さや香 上垣 豊 中村 征樹
出版者
上越教育大学
雑誌
基盤研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2022-04-01

大学は都市の発達とともに拡大発展を遂げてきた。両者の間にどのような歴史的関係性を築いてきたか、学際的な観点から問い直すことが、今日世界的に注目されている。本研究は、中央集権の近代国民国家を形成した日本とフランスを対象に、都市との相互浸透性の中で大学が拡大し、学問が変容してきた歴史をたどり、大学人にとどまらない重層的な行為者との関わりを考慮に入れた国際比較を企てる。その基底に潜在する学問的無意識を、日仏の経路依存性の違いをふまえながら省察し、今日のグローバル化する共通課題に対し、大学のユニバーサリズムとローカリズムを両立させる持続的発展がいかに可能になるか、国際的な議論と対話を展開する。
著者
コーザー ボウ 木方 十根 鷹野 敦
出版者
Architectural Institute of Japan
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.86, no.780, pp.687-696, 2021 (Released:2021-02-28)
参考文献数
31

This study examines signage and monuments to discover how they may contribute to Built Environment Education (BEE) for self-directed lifelong learning. The site chosen for this study is Ishibashi Memorial Park in Kagoshima, due to its layered historical functions; currently as an educational park for Kagoshima’s stone bridge heritage, but formerly a battleground and religious site. This analysis is conducted using BECK (Built Environment Context of Knowledge) Charts developed in our previous study, which allows us to categorize types of knowledge presented, and to visualize where this knowledge is concentrated. The text and diagrams on 20 signs and 9 monuments are analyzed by coding phrases according to the horizontal and vertical axis of the BECK Chart. These codes were tabulated, the number of occurrences were entered into the corresponding cell on the chart, and each cell was assigned a tonal gradation with darker tones representing higher frequency. This allowed us to see at a glance which types of knowledge were mainly presented on each sign or monument. This analysis demonstrated that technical, political, and social knowledge about the built environment appeared most frequently. The amount of textual information available throughout the park is extensive, and thus it is possible to state that the signs and monuments have potential to contribute to BEE through self-directed lifelong learning. However, some hurdles to learning were also identified. Due to its many uses over time, this site contains a mixture of historic remains, reconstructed historical artifacts, and modern facilities. These are scattered throughout, and there is no clear attempt to integrate these coherently in the overall park design. This makes it difficult for visitors to infer the relationship between these disparate elements through the information on the signs alone. Additionally, reading the signs is time consuming, and depending on the background, motivation, and literacy of the visitor, the amount of effort needed to understand all the information on display is considerable. While the potential for BEE in the park is great, whether this translates into actual learning is questionable. This is an important consideration in relation to the design of parks which are intentionally educational. In terms of applying the BECK Chart, it was found that the original matrix label of ‘building’ was insufficient to address structures which are built, but are not buildings. This was rectified by adding the term ‘structure’ to the label, which allowed for wider application without losing the integrity of the original chart.
著者
コーザー ボウ 鷹野 敦 木方 十根
出版者
一般社団法人 日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.63, pp.808-813, 2020-06-20 (Released:2020-06-20)
参考文献数
19
被引用文献数
1

This paper proposes a novel analytical model (BECK chart) to investigate how architecture education programs contribute to learning about the built environment. First the educational content of 67 AIA-supported architecture education programs for children and youth are categorized. Next the model is applied to visualize how these categories relate to the built environment. This analysis aims to contextualize the content of architecture education programs for children and youth in order to evaluate the ways in which these programs provide Built Environment Education content. The value of the model is also discussed.
著者
木方 十根
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.77, no.671, pp.37-46, 2012-01-30 (Released:2012-03-05)

This paper aims to clarify the characteristics of the Post-War reconstruction plans of the provincial towns, Makurazaki, Kushikino, Akune, Nishino-omote, Tarumizu and Kajiki in Kagoshima Prefecture, where planning and implementation were carried out collectively by the Prefectural Office of Kagoshima. This study comprehends the planning concepts described in "Plan Documents on the Land Re-adjustment" prepared for each towns, and investigates how the urban design in the reconstruction reflected them. Under the post-war circumstance, positive goals were set up particularly in the port towns like Kushikino and Tarumizu, where became the South End of Japanese territory since the islands in the south of the lat.30°N. were under U.S.Occupation. And by the distinctive design solutions, for example with the circus or water-front square, indivisualities of the townscape in each towns were realized.
著者
木方 十根 福島 綾子 高尾 忠志 柴田 久
出版者
一般財団法人 住総研
雑誌
住宅総合研究財団研究論文集 (ISSN:18802702)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, pp.71-82, 2010 (Released:2018-01-31)
被引用文献数
1

本研究では,九州離島(五島・奈留町,奄美大島・龍郷町)のキリスト教系集落を研究対象とし,カトリック信者,一般集落住民らによる集落維持管理活動の実態を解明し,その特質と課題を明らかにした。また,それらの比較考察を通じて,維持管理の持続可能性における課題は,1)維持管理活動の「主体」と「領域」の可変性の確保にあること,2)その可変性は維持管理の対象領域が公益性,共有性を帯びた場合に確認できること,3)教会の社会的意義が認識される場合にはその敷地も公益性,共有性を帯びる場合があること,といったキリスト教系集落の維持管理活動の課題を抽出し,それらを踏まえ集落景観の継承手法の確立に向けた展望を示した。
著者
小山 雄資 市村 良平 木方 十根
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.77, no.676, pp.1479-1488, 2012-06-30 (Released:2012-07-27)
被引用文献数
1 1

This paper clarifies the foundation process and projects of the Kagoshima City Housing Association (KCHA) from 1945 to 1966. We evaluate the importance of KCHA as a working organ for the housing policy, also the characteristics of their architectural works. A commercial union took the initiative in KCHA's foundation, and the revival through the commercial activation, not only by the housing supply, was the particularity of KCHA's performance. Staff of the architectural section of the Kagoshima City Office involved to the advanced design projects, such as shop-houses, apartments, suburban residential developments with detached houses.
著者
岡松 道雄 毛利 洋子 木方 十根
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.82, no.733, pp.745-755, 2017 (Released:2017-03-30)
参考文献数
18
被引用文献数
4

This study focuses on the relaxation of road use regulations following the implementation of the Law on Improvement and Revitalization of City Centers (Chushin-Shigaichi Kasseika Hou) in 1998. Since the law was implemented 18 years ago, events such as open cafes and morning markets have been held on public roadways in regional centers across Japan, allowing for the temporary installation of benches, parasols, and other such furnishings, attracting people, and increasing activity in the areas. This study is divided into three phases: a review of the processes which contributed to a relaxation of the regulations; an analysis of the sociopolitical motivations behind relaxing road use regulations; and an examination of the impact of regulation relaxation on events held on public roadways. Since 1998 there has been a shift in focus from using this law to revitalize regional centers to using it to increase activity in metropolitan centers. When the law was initially implemented, there is little evidence that the government had any concrete ideas of how public roadways specifically, could be used; only that there was a need to relax regulations for regional revitalization. With the establishment of the Act on Special Districts for Structural Reform (SDSR, Kouzou-Kaikaku Tokku Hou) in 2002, the government began to collect data on the needs and requests of regional centers. From this information it became clear that the regulations relating to the use of public roadways needed reform. The cabinet ordered the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport (MLIT) to ease the regulations of the Road Law (Douro Hou) without changing the law itself. In 2005 MLIT issued a set of guidelines which would allow public roadways to be used for purposes other than transit. Also in 2005, the cabinet created an Act for Area Rebirth (Chiiki Saisei Hou) to support regional governments’plans for revitalization. The practice of collecting data, begun with the development of SDSR, had been built upon and improved, while the idea of relaxing road regulation was reinforced with the Act on Special Measures Concerning Urban Renaissance (SMCUR, Toshi Saisei Tokubetsu Sochi Hou), an act intended to help cities recover from the bursting of the economic bubble in the 1990’s. The focus of this act was to help Japanese metropolitan areas remain competitive with other Asian metropolises, such as Shanghai or Singapore. To this end, MLIT recently amended both their guidelines and the Road Law, as of March 2016. Our research found that the needs of the organizers had a significant impact on the relaxation of road use laws. Before issuing the 2005 guidelines, MLIT engaged in a rigorous research process, gathering data on 570 existing events before conducting 41 social experiments relating to events held on public roadways, of which 15 were permanently implemented. In more recent years, as the cabinet has focused more on economic recovery and global competitiveness, the use of public roadways in metropolitan areas has become more common. In this way the motivation and procedures to relax road use regulations have improved significantly. This increased ease in the processes involved in using public roadways for events, as well as the increase in political motivation to do so, is now effective in the Metropolitan areas. After 18 years, it is the time to rethink how it creates an opportunity for regional centers struggling with the combined issues of depopulation, decreasing birthrate, aging population, and change in industrial structure, to create favorable conditions for their community. By implementing the new civic tools available to them, it may be possible to arrange and customize the use of their public roadways to attract more activity and ultimately, more people.
著者
中川 理 石田 潤一郎 小野 芳朗 丸山 宏 青井 哲人 大田 省一 木方 十根 清水 重敦 砂本 文彦 谷川 竜一 中嶋 節子 中野 茂夫 松山 恵 本康 宏史 山口 敬太
出版者
京都工芸繊維大学
雑誌
基盤研究(A)
巻号頁・発行日
2011-04-01

わが国の都市空間は、明治維新から太平洋戦争時までの間に実施された各種の都市基盤整備の事業によって再編された。この研究は、近代におけるわが国の都市空間の変容を、その事業が計画・執行される仕組みを理解することで解明する。都市基盤整備の事業は、国家、地方行政、地権者、共同体、民間資本などが多様な関係を築き実施されていた。そして、その関係は、学知や技術による客観的評価に基づく、一元的な制度システム(仕組み)に回収されていくようになったことがわかった。
著者
池上 重康 砂本 文彦 角 哲 谷村 仰仕 中江 研 安野 彰 崎山 俊雄 辻原 万規彦 木方 十根
出版者
北海道大学
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2008

本研究は、鉱山実習報文の精査により明らかとなった、鉱業系企業社宅街の成立と変遷を基に、各種統計資料、各鉱山所蔵の資料ならびに各社史の記述を照らし合わせ、住戸と福利施設・都市基盤を含めた社宅街の開発手法の特質ならびにその理念を探るとともに、社宅街の形成過程を明らかにし、鉱業系企業社宅街を、業種別、開発年代、敷地形状、風土的条件の観点から、整理分類を試みた。