7 0 0 0 ネオ・リベラリズムと戦争の変貌
本研究の課題は、グローバル化として語られる世界変容を、ネオ・リベラリズムと戦争の変容という二つの軸を立てて解明することだったが、この3年間で、西洋の世界化という歴史的パースペクティヴを背景に、一方で「帝国」概念をニューディールとの隠れた関係から見直して現代の世界秩序の再解釈を図るとともに、9・11以後の「テロとの戦争」の分析から、現代世界における国家・権力・法秩序・暴力等の再編成のありようを追究し、現代の政治思想の諸課題を解明するなどの作業を行った。また、これらを原理的考察として、国家間システムからグローバル秩序への移行にともなう特徴的諸問題が端的に表れる諸地域(ラテン・アメリカ、東欧、東アジア等)に焦点をあて、それらの地域研究をもとにしてテーマを具体化し、ナショナルな歴史の語り、内戦と人間(個の枠の崩壊)、亡命から難民へ(民のステイタスの崩壊)などの問題を掘り下げて、国家秩序の形成と崩壊が社会形成や個人の存立に触れる地点を描き出した。これらの研究成果は本研究課題を標題とする論集として近々出版する予定である。また当初予定した映像資料等の収集は、研究遂行の過程でグローバル世界のメディアの問題と結びつき、資料を公共化すると同時にそれを軸にした討論をシンポジウムで行うという企画に発展し、H16年度に1度、H17年度に2度の国際シンポジウム(視角の地政学、<人間>の戦場から、グローバル化と奈落の夢)を実施した。その記録の一部は企画を共催した別途資金ですでに刊行され、残りの編集準備も進んでいる。共同研究の内実と、実施による新たな研究への発展、実践と成果のアクチュアルな公共化(社会還元)等、多くの面で実のある研究が遂行できたと自負している。
3 0 0 0 OA 越境と変容―グローバル化時代におけるスラヴ・ユーラシア研究の超域的枠組みを求めて
- 著者
- 沼野 充義 三谷 惠子 松里 公孝 柳原 孝敦 青島 陽子 小松 久男 乗松 亨平 楯岡 求美 井上 まどか 亀田 真澄 下斗米 伸夫 坂庭 淳史 池田 嘉郎 湯浅 剛 阿部 賢一 安達 祐子 加藤 有子 平野 恵美子 羽場 久美子 柴田 元幸
- 出版者
- 東京大学
- 雑誌
- 基盤研究(A)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- 2013-04-01
ソ連解体後のスラヴ・ユーラシアの変容と越境の様々な様相に焦点を合わせた包括的な研究である。グローバル化時代の世界情勢を考慮に入れ、新たな研究の枠組みの構築を目指した。代表者および19名の分担者の専門は、地域的にはロシア、ウクライナ・コーカサス・中央アジア、中・東欧から、東アジアや南北アメリカに及び、分野も文学・言語・芸術・思想・宗教・歴史から政治・経済・国際関係に至るまで人文社会科学全体にわたる。このようなグループによる超域的・学際的アプローチを通じて、国際学会の組織に積極的に関わり、日本のスラヴ・ユーラシア研究の国際的発信力を高めるとともに、この分野における国際交流の活性化に努めた。
2 0 0 0 OA 東欧文学における「東」のイメージに関する研究
国民文学の枠組みでの研究、あるいは同様な枠組み同士の比較検討がこれまで主流であったが、本研究はそのような国民文学の枠組みから逸脱する3つの視点(「移動の文学」、「文学史の書き換え」、「ミクロ・ネーションの文学」)に着目し、個別の現地調査の他、国内外の研究者とともに研究会、シンポジウムを開催した。その結果、3つの視点の有効性を確認できたほか、シェンゲン以降の移動の問題(政治学)、国民文学史の位相(歴史学)、マイノリティの記述の問題(文化研究)といったそのほかの問題系およびほかの研究分野と隣接している問題点や研究の可能性を国内外の研究者と共有し、一定の成果をあげた。
1 0 0 0 カレル・タイゲ : ポエジーの探求者
1 0 0 0 OA 2002年度シンポジウム 東欧文学の「これまで」と「これから」
- 著者
- 岡 真理 宮下 遼 新城 郁夫 山本 薫 藤井 光 石川 清子 岡崎 弘樹 藤元 優子 福田 義昭 久野 量一 鵜戸 聡 田浪 亜央江 細田 和江 鵜飼 哲 細見 和之 阿部 賢一 呉 世宗 鈴木 克己
- 出版者
- 京都大学
- 雑誌
- 基盤研究(A)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- 2020-04-01
難民や移民など人間の生の経験が地球規模で国境横断的に生起する今日、人間は「祖国」なるものと様々に、痛みに満ちた関係を切り結んでいる。ネイションを所与と見なし、その同一性に収まらぬ者たちを排除する「対テロ戦争パラダイム」が世界を席巻するなか、本研究は、中東を中心に世界の諸地域を専門とする人文学研究者が協働し、文学をはじめとする文化表象における多様な「祖国」表象を通して、人文学的視点から、現代世界において人間が「祖国」をいかなるものとして生き、ネイションや地域を超えて、人間の経験をグローバルに貫く普遍的な課題とは何かを明らかにし、新たな解放の思想を創出するための基盤づくりを目指す。
1 0 0 0 都市計画におけるゾーニングの社会経済学的研究
1 0 0 0 OA 「亡命」という選択肢 : ニコライ・テルレツキーの『履歴書』をめぐって
- 著者
- 阿部 賢一
- 出版者
- 北海道大学スラブ研究センター
- 雑誌
- スラヴ研究 (ISSN:05626579)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.52, pp.99-117, 2005
There are many writers who write in a different language from their native one. This bilingualism is a political intention which reveals the power balance of languages; not a few writers choose a more major language over a minor one. Nikolaj Terlecký (born in Saint-Petersburg in 1903, died in Zurich in 1998) is one of the exceptions in this regard, for the reason that he made a decision to write his works not in Russian, his mother tongue, but in Czech, his acquired second language. Generally speaking, we could call him simply a "Russian émigré who wrote in the Czech language." But this is not the only reason that his name rarely appears in references to "Czech literature" or "Russian literature in exile." In this paper, the author tries to define the place of Nikolaj Terlecký within the broader context, especially by discussing his final work Curriculum vitae, published in Prague 1997. In order to understand this autobiographical text, we should also understand his whole life. The life of Terlecký was characterized by certain changes from one pole to another: dwellings, languages and nationalities. After spending his childhood in Saint-Petersburg, he settled in the Caucasus where his father served in the Russian Army. With the outbreak of the Revolution in 1917, he tried to join the White Army despite the fact that he was still 14 years old. It was not long before he had to move to Istanbul with other soldiers. In 1921, Russian refugees in Istanbul received an offer that the government of Czechoslovakia would accept them as political refugees. This financial support made it possible for Terlecký and other Russian students to move to Moravská Třebová, a germanized village in Czechoslovakia. Since the financial support for Russian refugees in the early 1920s was focused particularly on education, with the aim of sending educated Russians back to Russia, Prague was known as the "Russian Oxford"; the city where the academic élite of the Russian empire congregated. For the émigrés, there was a choice to be made: should they abandon their Russian identity and try to assimilate? Or, should they attempt once again to find a new and welcoming place of residence? Among these identity problems, Terlecký regarded Russia, his motherland, as "Atlantis," i.e. "a beautiful place, but one which has already disappeared." He tended to join Russian literary circles such as "Skit poetov" organized by Alfred Bem. Nevertheless, his first novel provoked no reaction from Russian friends; Terlecký had to seek other stimuli in Czech society. In the early 1940s, when Prague became a protectorate of the Reich, Terlecký encountered many Czech intellectuals such as M. Majerová, V. Nezval, J. Dudl, and others. These figures, influenced by Russian trends, sought a private teacher of Russian and found Terlecký to be a good one. This encounter posed Terlecký with the dual difficulties of his reception in Czech society. For example, Majerová as a representative activist was willing to translate his Russian texts to Czech, to help to find a publisher for his first work and to find a job as a translator for Z. Fierlinger, the first Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia after World War II. Unfortunately, the critics did not know how they should categorize Terlecký: he was neither a Czech writer, nor a Soviet one. At that time, it was impossible to call him a Russian writer in exile for political reasons. This is one reason why the relationship with these representatives of Czech socialist literature forced him into a tight corner. After the coup d'etat in 1948, most of his ex-friends became official representatives of Czech culture and simultaneously severed their connections with Terlecký. These circumstances left him in a very difficult position, because he was on the "black list" of Czech literature, but he did not belong to Soviet literature. His second exile to Austria and Switzerland would be interpreted as a quest for liberty or a search for his own identity, called only by his name. Since he could not assimilate into the Czech community, he was forced to find his own land. As Jan Vladislav says, Terlecký made a choice to "be a stranger in the unknown place, even though he became a stranger in the homeland where he was adopted." This reflects on his choice of language; the choice of the Czech language is connected with the ideal that Czechoslovakia as a democratic state would not eliminate the possessor of different thoughts. In the late 1940s when assimilation into the Russian community had already become chimerical, Terlecký could not continue to write any more in Russian, which to him signified merely a piece of nostalgia. On the other hand, Czech was the language of the place where he was adopted; Terlecký attempted to write in Czech and continued to do so until his final years. This is no longer a question of assimilation; however it reveals the question of identity as "an émigré," not that of ethnicity. Thus we could treat him as a denationalized writer, i.e. as a writer who transcended the categories of a particular national literature. He concludes Curriculum vitae with this passage: "as everybody has his own fate and his own fingerprints, no one will have the same fate." It would be less productive to categorize him in the so-called "literature in exile." Similarly, it would be less important to cram him into the "national" literature such as "Czech" or "Russian in exile." The importance of Nikolaj Terlecký lies elsewhere. Terlecký goes beyond such categories. His works show us the possibility of reading and that of perception. In order to compare this aspect, it would also be useful to mention an affinity with the theory of "the quest for multiplicity" which Alexis Carrel evoked in Man the Unknown. In this respect, Curriculum vitae is not a mere autobiography but a text where the writer tries to maximize his own ego, especially representing many alternatives in his life, particularly an alternative called "exile."
1 0 0 0 OA カレル・タイゲと雑誌『デヴィエトスィル』
- 著者
- 阿部 賢一
- 出版者
- 現代文芸論研究室
- 雑誌
- れにくさ : 現代文芸論研究室論集 (ISSN:21870535)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.6, pp.285-297, 2016-03-31
特集 ロシア・中東欧
1 0 0 0 OA ニューヨークのボフミル・フラバル
- 著者
- 阿部 賢一
- 出版者
- 現代文芸論研究室
- 雑誌
- れにくさ : 現代文芸論研究室論集 (ISSN:21870535)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.5, no.2, pp.319-328, 2014-03-10
特集 北アメリカの文学