著者

豊川 斎赫

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.782, pp.1272-1283, 2021

被引用文献数

1

---

<p>I reanalyzed the photographs and captions in a 1960 photo collection titled "Katsura" in light of the spatial theory that Kenzo Tange set forth in his correspondence with Herbert Bayer. I also identified seven points of contention in the correspondence between Walter Gropius and Tsutomu Ikuta, and analyzed Tange's theory for the Katsura Imperial Villa in view of its contemporaneity and anachronisms. This research yielded five new findings.</p><p>First, during a visit to Japan, which formed part of a cultural exchange program organized by the Rockefeller Foundation, Gropius emphasized the commonality between traditional Japanese architecture and modernist architecture. The purpose of the program was to encourage Japan to align with the US against the Soviet bloc. Accordingly, Gropius was sent to Japan because of his dislike of Soviet realism. The program succeeded in enlightening Japanese intellectuals through modernist architecture.</p><p>Second, Walter Gropius criticized divine architecture, noting that the ancient city of Rome had been dedicated to the emperor. He argued that modernist architecture should embrace democratic values and adopt a human scale. On the other hand, Gropius also argued, as Japanese fascists had done before the end of the war, that architecture should form a cultural unity. Gropius believed that Japanese architecture, as exemplified in the Katsura Imperial Villa, embodied a human scale.</p><p>Third, Tsutomu Ikuta fiercely debated with Gropius over traditional Japanese architecture. I identified seven points of contention in their correspondence. Tange's theory for the Katsura Imperial Villa did not deviate significantly from the ideas of either Ikuta or Gropius. Tange, while seeking to differentiate his ideas from those of Ikuta and Gropius, picked out their good points and blended them into his own theory. For example, Tange emulated Gropius in downplaying the influence of Chinese architecture on Japanese architecture and in underscoring the role of Zen. However, whereas Gropius focused on the simplicity of Zen, Tange emphasized how Zen monks had introduced the other gardens associated with Zen.</p><p>The fourth finding concerns my re-analysis of the captions for the "Katsura" photo collection, in which Tange described his spatial theory found in his letters to Bayer. Postulating a Jomon–Yayoi dialect, Tange used the concepts of "pattern," "space," and "space-time." Most notably, Tange found creative freedom in the Katsura Imperial Villa by focusing on the tension arising from conflict between the reception room "space" and stepping stone "space." Additionally, I clarified that Tange criticized the overall design of the villa ("space-time"), including its mukuri (convex) roof, claiming that it is no more than scenery.</p>

著者

金 ギョンミン 西野 亜希子 大島 史也 楊 舒〓 朴 晟源 廣瀬 雄一 大月 敏雄 西出 和彦

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

都市計画 (ISSN:18839363)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2014, pp.223-224, 2014-09-12

著者

大森 久美

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

建築雑誌 (ISSN:00038555)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1576, 2008-05-20

著者

友清 衣利子

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会研究報告. 九州支部. 1, 構造系

巻号頁・発行日

no.57, pp.425-428, 2018-03-05

著者

吉田 哲 戸田 忠秀 宗本 順三

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.591, pp.141-147, 2005-05-30 (Released:2017-02-11)

参考文献数

11

---

In this study, we calculated each laboratory's excess of electricity bill over dividend on a per capita basis of numbers of laboratories in each 2 departments (electricity) or 1 group of 6 departments (chemistry), in national university corporation. In 5 laboratories out of 9, excess over dividend are less than excess over expenses that interfere with research work. And in rest 4 laboratories, differences of excesses are the 100 thousands yen mark. Furthermore, we made it clear numbers of laboratories, that will have to pay excess over dividend, decrease from 23 to 13, when the quantity of electricity decrease 20%.

著者

米田 浩二 相原 幸一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

建築雑誌 (ISSN:00038555)

巻号頁・発行日

no.1593, 2009-08-20

著者

畑 智弥 土本 俊和

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.513, pp.259-266, 1998

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

5 4

---

This paper traces some links between frame and roof truss via the town-houses in Kyoto of Edo-Meiji period. Frame has pillars and.beams. Roof truss has purlins, ridgepole and rafters. The town-houses has two walls, Doma-side wall and Yukaue-side wall, and has the line between the two. On Doma-side and Yukaue-side wall, pillars line up half of a Ken interval and bear up purlins and ridgepole. On the line between the two big pillar 'Daikoku' bears up purlin or ridgepole. In this manner every pillar bears up purlins or ridgepole. Thus frame and roof truss doesn't separate in the town-houses.

著者

李 彰浩 後藤 春彦 三宅 論

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.542, pp.175-182, 2001-04-30 (Released:2017-02-04)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

4 6

---

On account of the increase of students and the deterioration of facilities etc., the number of the universities that established new campus in the suburbs or moved to there increased. What is worse, in the case of the universities located in the city, the relationship between campus and its neighborhoods has weakened. Under the situation like this, university and its neighborhoods must search the way of coexistence in the city. In this study, the degeneration phenomena of the university neighborhoods are grasped. And then the community planning activities for the regeneration of university neighborhoods are investigated. Finally, the future assignments of the community planning activities are clarified.

著者

永宗 紗季 木下 光

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.722, pp.933-942, 2016 (Released:2016-04-30)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1 3

---

Hong Kong has been rapidly developed as a trading city since become a British colony. Currently, north coast of Hong Kong Island is a high-rise and high-density city around the Chung Wan area. In Hong Kong Island, steep mountain is adjacent to the city. In Central & Western District of Hong Kong Island, pedestrian paths play an important role to make space patterns based on the steep slope of hillside. There are many buildings not facing driveway in urban blocks with pedestrian paths, and that afford various commercial activities. In this study, it is assumed that these pedestrian paths are important elements that characterize the urban blocks. Therefore, the purposes of this study are following 3 things. (1) Pedestrian paths were classified according to their morphological characteristics. (2) Urban blocks were classified according to patterns of pedestrian paths. (3) Classified urban blocks were compared by contained building's entrance and type of land use. The following 4 things become clear. (1) As Characteristics of 63pedestrian paths, approximately half of pedestrian paths have a wide width over 4.5m. There are stairs to the many pedestrian paths and have a variety of cross sections. There is a difference in the shapes of the pedestrian paths among the area. There are many dead-end streets, within the neat-shaped urban blocks in Sai Wan area. In Sheung Wan areas near the mountains, there are a lot of streets connecting the pedestrian paths, thereby producing more complicated pedestrian spaces. (2) 35 urban blocks were classified into type of penetration, type of dead-end path, type of concomitance, according to patterns of pedestrian path. By the classification, the ground levels of buildings in the inner sides of the city blocks are differently used. It was clear that, the most number of the entrances were in type of concomitance. The most number of the entrances of shop were in type of penetration and type of concomitance, the most of the entrances of houses were in type of penetration and type of dead-end path. (3) 18 urban blocks have buildings not facing driveways located inside the urban blocks, type of concomitance most have it. There is a tendency that more entrances of shops and residences in such city blocks having a building not facing driveway, compared with urban blocks not having such a building. It can be said that a building not facing a driveway plays such a role in the city block space configuration that the building allows various retailing shops and residences to be on the ground level in the inner sides of the urban blocks. (4) By connected pedestrian paths of different urban blocks, were produced extensive pedestrian networks in the city. The pedestrian paths have been maintained for nearly 100 years even after the buildings have been scrapped and built. Thus networks of pedestrian paths should be recognized as the historical social infrastructure. Finally, pedestrian paths are valuable public and open space in high-density urban environment. They afford various commercial activities and buildings not facing driveways remain in the urban blocks. And wide pedestrian paths are utilized as the open terrace with deck and chairs.

著者

楠 浩一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会構造系論文集 (ISSN:13404202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.761, pp.961-971, 2019 (Released:2019-07-30)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1 2

---

Sigmund A. Freeman proposed the capacity spectrum method in 1987, which simplifies down the responses to a single-degree-of-freedom system (referred to as the capacity curve, hereafter) and compare it with the relationship between the response acceleration and displacement spectra (referred to as the demand curve, hereafter). Recently, some researches have been conducted in developing a method to calculate the capacity curve with measured accelerations during an earthquake to evaluate the building damage. Authors had proposed a method to predict the maximum response for the possible maximum aftershock to predict the building damage during the aftershock. In order to evaluate the damage due to an aftershock, safety limit deformation on the performance curve needs to be predicted. Although the safety limit deformation of each story can be estimated from a structural calculation or seismic evaluation, the safety limit deformation cannot be predicted with only them because it depends on the equivalent vibration mode shape at/to the safety limit state. The vibration mode shape may change according to the damage. Therefore, a new method to evaluate the safety limit deformation with considering the vibration mode shape after yielding is proposed. First, a method to model the performance curve to tri-linear model with a simple error function is proposed. Second, a method to predict the safety limit deformation with an assumption that the incremental deformation mode shape from the second corner point to the maximum response point of the tri-linear model is constant. Mode adaptive pushover analysis results with 4-story, 6-story (soft-first-story), and 12-story buildings conducted by Dr. Matsumoto et. Al., which considered the change of vibration mode shape due to damage, and E-Defense shaking table test with 3-story R/C frame structure with pile foundation were used to verify the validity of the proposed modeling and prediction methods. The results were discussed with the relationship between error functions according to the assumed displacement at the second corner point and accuracy of the predicted safety limit deformation. With the pushover analysis results, the accuracy of the predicted safety limit deformation with pushover results that were intentionally stopped before the safety limit state was also discussed. As the results, the following findings were obtained; 1) A modeling method for the performance curve to tri-linear model is modified and proposed. 2) It is confirmed by the pushover analysis results and shaking table test results that the proposed method can find an appropriate second corner point with a proposed error function. 3) A prediction method of the safety limit deformation on the performance curve with the tri-linear model from measured responses is proposed. 4) It was found that the safety limit deformation can be predicted within 10% error when the maximum response is around the second corner point of the tri-linear model, and within the few percent error when the maximum response exceeds the second corner point. 5) The error of the prediction converges faster for a story failure mechanism than for a total yielding mechanism.

著者

阿武 宏光 足立 裕司 中江 研

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会近畿支部研究報告集. 計画系 (ISSN:13456652)

巻号頁・発行日

no.51, pp.909-912, 2011-05-25

著者

伊澤 康一 山口 一 鈴木 令 田中 昭司 森山 宏二

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

学術講演梗概集. D-2, 環境工学II, 熱, 湿気, 温熱感, 自然エネルギー, 気流・換気・排煙, 数値流体, 空気清浄, 暖冷房・空調, 熱源設備, 設備応用 (ISSN:1341450X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2010, pp.867-868, 2010-07-20

著者

垣野 義典

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

no.631, pp.1875-1882, 2008-09-30

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1

---

This paper is the fourth in a series of studies on architectural planning of "free schools". In this part, action observation and interviews were conducted. 1) Children could stably engage activities by recognizing where staffs are. 2) Staffs choose locations according to four factors: children's activities, staffs activities, the situation at the time, and physical space. 3) Spaces without staffs control are essential for children for creating their own world. 4) Position of the staffroom is very important in relation with children's activities. 5) Staffs make a situation easy for children to approach and join them when staffs are not directly interacting with children.

著者

垣野 義典 須田 眞史 初見 学 長澤 泰

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.561, pp.121-128, 2002

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

2 2

---

The aim of this paper is to clarify various self controled activities carried out by children in relation to utilizing various places in several "free schools" which provide places for those who do not want to go to ordinary schools. The result of field surveys and analysis are as follows ; 1) the number of children using the places are different from one day to another. In additon starting time and period of their activities varies from one person to another. 2) The ratio of period for free activities and programed ones in a ordinary day is respectively 80% and 20%. However, it was found that The ratio at programed activities rose up to 30%. 3) The ratios at individual activities in a day were from 20%-40%, while in the case of group activities were from 60%-80%. 4) Most of current "free schools" period quiet places for individual activities. Children selected an appropriciate place for their own need.

著者

李 柱振 八塚 卓哉 加藤 大介

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会北陸支部研究報告集 (ISSN:03859622)

巻号頁・発行日

no.49, pp.53-56, 2006-07-09

---

本研究は鉄筋コンクリート造柱の軸力保持性能に及ぼすコンクリートの強度の影響を実験的に解明することを目的としている。試験体は4シリーズあり、実験パラメータはコンクリート強度(32.2N/mm^2と19.1N/mm^2)と配筋詳細(溶接帯筋フックと90°フック余長を通常の半分4d)である。比較のためこれ以外のパラメータは全く同じにした。各シリーズ3体ずつ,計12体で実験を行った。そのうち1体は中心軸圧縮実験を行い,残り2体で高低軸力に分けて曲げせん断加力を行った。

著者

宮脇 和紀 谷口 与史也 吉中 進

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会近畿支部研究報告集. 構造系 (ISSN:13456660)

巻号頁・発行日

no.49, pp.181-184, 2009-05-22

著者

桐生 伸喜 川西 利昌 井川 憲男 矢口 浩一

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.540, pp.9-14, 2001

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

9 5

---

Ultraviolet Radiation is classified according to wavelength into three categories such as UV-A (315-400nm), UV-B (280-315nm), and UV-C (under 280nm). In these categories, UV-B is especially dangerous by causing damages such as cataracts, loss of skin immunity and increase in skin cancer. For this reason it is important to avoid overexposure to ultraviolet radiation. The first step in this avoidance is understand the sky UV'B radiance distribution and reflection of UV-B in areas of human activity. Although sky luminance distribution has been studied around the world, the sky ultraviolet radiance distribution has not yet been studied. This study is designed to observe an analyze the sky UV-B radiance distributions. And ultraviolet daylight factors were calculated based on the regression equation of the sky UV-B radiance distribution of clear sky.

著者

シャリフィ アーマドラシッド ナキ アーマド 斉藤 大樹

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

構造I

巻号頁・発行日

no.2016, pp.177-178, 2016-08-24

著者

藤田 彩香 田上 健一 朝廣 和夫 大井 尚行 谷 正和 井上 朝雄

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会研究報告. 九州支部. 3, 計画系

巻号頁・発行日

no.53, pp.125-128, 2014-03

著者

古田 朋子 鵤 心治 小林 剛士

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.605, pp.135-142, 2006

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

1

---

The purpose of this paper is to investigated the fact of technical standards for developments exceeded, to secure the minimal standards of town area. Result is as follows. Ranging small-scale development connected to roads of weak condition in the loose regulated area, which causes a condition of maze-like street. And we showed that technical standards in the City Planning Act are not enough to accumulate an ideal living environment. It is necessary to revise the technical standards or to guide developer development by local governments.