著者
岡崎 宏樹
出版者
日仏社会学会
雑誌
日仏社会学会年報 (ISSN:13437313)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, pp.69-90, 2015-11-30 (Released:2017-07-03)

Le présent essai a pour but de mettre en évidence, à partir du cas de la sociologie durkheimienne, la prépondérance du dialogue de la sociologie avec la philosophie au niveau de la constitution d’une perspective et de la discipline de la sociologie. La perspective de la sociologie durkheimienne se base sur la différenciation entre la conscience individuelle et la conscience collective. Selon Durkheim, « considérer les faits sociaux comme des choses » en les appréhendant du dehors permet d'étudier de façon empirique la conscience collective. En adoptant cette méthodologie, Durkheim a séparé la philosophie et la psychologie individuelle de la sociologie, et établi la sociologie en tant que discipline. Cependant, dans la réflexion sur le développement de la sociologie durkheimienne, Les règles de la méthode sociologique apparaissent comme un texte transitoire mentionnant des règles provisoires. En effet, la méthodologie dans Les formes élémentaires de la vie religieuse ne consiste pas uniquement à considérer les choses du dehors, mais de tenter d'aborder la vie sociale en décrivant de l'intérieur les expériences du sujet. Par ailleurs, l'effervescence collective, notion clé de cet ouvrage, pointe du doigt le phénomène montrant la difficulté à établir une distinction entre la conscience individuelle et la conscience collective. Au crépuscule de sa vie, Durkheim s'est penché plus profondément sur cette question, dans une étude de la philosophie pragmatique. Au cours de cet essai, nous étudierons la méthodologie dans Les formes élémentaires de la vie religieuse, puis mettrons en lumière la signification théorique particulière de la notion d’effervescence collective, selon une perspective ontologique. De plus, en nous référant au Pragmatisme et sociologie de Durkheim, nous aborderons l'importance de poursuivre la réflexion « entre » la sociologie et la philosophie pour la reconstitution de la discipline.
著者
佐々木 真吾 仲 真紀子
出版者
一般社団法人 日本発達心理学会
雑誌
発達心理学研究 (ISSN:09159029)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, no.3, pp.118-129, 2020 (Released:2022-09-20)
参考文献数
38

本研究では,小学1年生62名と4年生58名,大学生60名を対象に,出来事の想起における,「だいたいでよいので教えて下さい」と「できるだけ正確に教えて下さい」という異なる質の報告を求める教示の効果を検討した。実験では,小学校生活で体験する出来事を口頭で提示し,「だいたい(概ね教示)」「正確(正確教示)」の教示で想起を求めた。研究1では両教示をそれぞれ個別に(参加者間要因),研究2では両教示を対比した状況で実施し(参加者内要因),想起の文脈の効果を検討した。その結果,教示が個別に行われる場合,正確教示では,重要度の高い情報が多く報告され,一方で概ね教示では重要度の低い情報の報告が控えられた。さらに,教示が対比されて行われる場合,正確教示では,重要度の高い情報が逐語的に報告されるようになり,概ね教示では重要度が中程度の情報も控えられるようになった。ただし,概ね教示の効果には年齢差があり,児童は大学生に比べて情報を控えることが困難であった。以上の結果から,出来事の想起における正確教示,概ね教示は,想起の文脈によりその解釈が変化し,情報量のコントロールを導いたり,情報の詳細さのコントロールを導いたりすることが示唆された。これらをふまえ,子どもから正確で詳細な情報を得るための司法面接への応用的示唆を考察した。
著者
Atsushi Yamada Yasuo Takeuchi Yuji Nishizaki Hiroyuki Daida
出版者
The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
雑誌
Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.51, no.12, pp.1517-1521, 2012 (Released:2012-06-15)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
8 8

Objective The present study was undertaken to determine the characteristics and outcome of in-hospital cardiac arrests and the effectiveness of BVM ventilation with airway adjuncts including the oropharyngeal airways and nasopharyngeal airways. Methods Information about in-hospital cardiac arrests over a period of 6 years was retrospectively collected, and the effectiveness of BVM ventilation with airway adjuncts was analyzed using a multivariate logistic regression model. Results During the study period, 105 (male, n=70; age, 68.6±14.2 years) cardiac arrests occurred, of which 95.2% developed among inpatients and 21.0% of them were witnessed. The initial rhythm of cardiac arrests was pulseless electrical activity in 63.8% (67/105) and respiratory failure (44.8%) was the most common cause. Overall, a return of spontaneous circulation occurred in 76.2% of in-hospital cardiac arrests, 31.4% survived to discharge, and the neurological outcome was good (cerebral performance category-1) in 66.7% of them. Bag-valve-mask ventilation with airway adjuncts improved the neurological outcome (OR 3.52, 95%CI 1.07, 11.5). Conclusion Bag-valve-mask ventilation with airway adjuncts improved neurological outcomes.
著者
久保 陽子
出版者
富山文学の会
雑誌
群峰
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, pp.85-99, 2022-04-01
著者
寺島 和光 佐野 克行
出版者
特定非営利活動法人 日本小児外科学会
雑誌
日本小児外科学会雑誌 (ISSN:0288609X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.30, no.4, pp.782-786, 1994-06-20 (Released:2017-01-01)

膀胱尿管逆流防止術後に発生した膀胱破裂 (症候性自然破裂) 3例について報告した. 3例とも尿管膀胱新吻合術 (Politano-Leadbetter 法)を行ったが, 1例はその前に vesicostomy を, また他の1例では VUR 再発のために再手術を2回行っている. 膀胱破裂はそれぞれ術後10ヵ月, 1年8ヵ月および4年11ヵ月目に発生した. 症状は腹痛, 腹満, 嘔吐, 乏尿, 高窒素血症などであった. 診断は膀胱造影および開腹術にて確定したが, 3例とも腹腔内破裂であった. 破裂の原因は, 手術により膀胱壁に脆弱な部分が生じたためと考えられる. 全例膀胱の修復術により治癒した. 本症は膀胱頂部に発生しやすいので, 膀胱を切開する時はなるべく頂部は避けるようにし, やむをえず切開したら縫合閉鎖は十分に行うことが大切である.
著者
Katsumi Mizuta Waka Tanaka Kenichi Komabayashi Shizuka Tanaka Junji Seto Yoko Aoki Tatsuya Ikeda
出版者
National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee
雑誌
Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.72, no.4, pp.211-223, 2019 (Released:2019-07-24)
参考文献数
102
被引用文献数
12 10

We introduced a microplate method for virus isolation in the Department of Microbiology, Yamagata Prefectural Institute of Public Health (YPIPH) in 1999 in Yamagata, Japan. We have since carried out longitudinal epidemiological studies on viral infectious diseases, particularly respiratory viruses, combining traditional technologies such as virus isolation and serological techniques and newly developed molecular methods. Here, we provide an overview of our activities at YPIPH between 1999 and 2018. During the study period, we observed emerging and re-merging diseases such as those caused by echovirus type 13, enterovirus D68, parechovirus-A3 (PeV-A3), and Saffold virus. With regard to PeV-A3, we proposed a new disease concept, “PeV-A3-associated myalgia/myositis.” We also revealed the longitudinal epidemiologies of several viruses such as enterovirus A71 and coxsackievirus A16. To perform longitudinal epidemiological studies at any time in Yamagata, we established a system for stocking clinical specimens, viral isolates, complementary DNAs, and serum specimens. We have also pursued collaboration works with virology laboratories across Japan. We hope our experiences, findings, and research materials will further contribute to the development of countermeasures against viral infectious diseases and improvement in public health strategies in Yamagata, Japan, Asia, and around the world.
著者
辻 竜平
出版者
近畿大学総合社会学部
雑誌
近畿大学総合社会学部紀要 : 総社る = Kindai Applied Sociology Review : Social (ISSN:21866260)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.1, pp.51-61, 2022-09-30

[Abstract] The vaccines for COVID-19 have been developed, and vaccination in Japan began on February 17, 2021, starting with doctors and nurses, followed by those aged 65 years and older on April 12, and those aged 18 to 64 years on June 17. In this study, an online survey (CAWI) was conducted in late November 2021 for people aged 15 (excluding junior high school students) to 74. The questions included the month in which they got their first vaccination and how many of their family members, relatives, colleagues, and friends/acquaintances had already been vaccinated at the time of the shot. The data analysis of non-medical/nursing personnel under 64 years of age showed that the higher the rate of vaccinated people in the workplace or that of vaccinated friends/acquaintances, the later the timing of vaccination. I.e., peer pressure occurred in such a way to avoid taking a shot; the more people around the person got vaccinated, the later in the timing of vaccination the focal person was.

1 0 0 0 世界小説

出版者
新人社
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, no.7, 1948-09
著者
北原 白秋[作詞]
出版者
ニッポノホン
巻号頁・発行日
0000
著者
中川 摂子 阿部 雅光 辻 武寿 田渕 和雄 後藤 昌昭 香月 武
出版者
一般社団法人日本脳神経外科コングレス
雑誌
脳神経外科ジャーナル (ISSN:0917950X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.3, no.3, pp.259-262, 1994-05-20 (Released:2017-06-02)
被引用文献数
2 2

陥没骨折の整復には,通常鋼線が使用される.しかし,多数の骨片よりなる複雑な陥没骨折の場合,骨片の歪み,粉砕による骨量の減少のため,通常の鋼線による固定では,外観に凹凸を生じたり,十分な強度が得られない場合がある.今回われわれは,多数の骨片よりなった複雑な陥没骨折の2症例に対して,チタンミニプレートを用い良好な頭蓋骨形成が得られたので報告した.術後プレート局囲の炎症反応もなく,また,術後のCT,MRIでのアーチファクトも少なく,読影に支障はなかった.
著者
斉藤 慎一 李 津娥 有馬 明恵 向田 久美子 日吉 昭彦
出版者
東京女子大学比較文化研究所
雑誌
東京女子大学比較文化研究所紀要 (ISSN:05638186)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.71, pp.1-32, 2010

The Hanryu boom-strong interest in South Korean pop culture-has been rapidly expanding in many Asian countries since the late 1990s. Several years later, Japan was also witness to the Hanryu boom. The boom in Japan further advanced owing to the popular Korean soap opera "Winter Sonata,"which was first broadcast on NHK in 2003. Gradually, since the media attention decreased, the Korean craze died down in the past few years; however,the popularity of South Korean pop culture seems to have a strong hold in Japan.This study examines how people evaluated the Hanryu boom and whether the increased popularity of South Korean pop culture contributed to improvement in the Japanese perceptions of and attitudes toward South Korea.To address these research questions, we conducted a sampling survey from November to December 2006. One thousand Tokyo residents aged between 20 and 74 years were randomly selected from a Tokyo poll-book that listed all electorates. Each resident was sent a questionnaire by mail; 367 effective questionnaires were returned.Results show that respondents made relatively balanced judgments regarding the Hanryu boom. While many respondents thought that the Hanryu boom contributed to improvement in the relations between Japan and South Korea and advanced cultural exchange between the two countries, they also regarded the boom to have certain negative aspects. More than 60% of the respondents felt that the Japanese media reported the Hanryu boom in an exaggerated manner, and about 20% said that it put unresolved political issues, such as different historical perceptions between the two countries, on the backburner.The results reveal that many respondents still consider South Korea as a closed and traditional society, although they also regard it as an economic power. With regard to the influence of the Hanryu boom, the data shows that about 36% of the viewers of Korean TV dramas/movies developed a more positive perception of Korea.In addition, a multiple regression analysisindicates that women, highly educated individuals, and heavy viewers of Korean TV dramas/movies were more likely to have a better percetion of Koreans.The data also demonstrates that while about 40% of the respondents perceived the current Japan-Korea relations to be relatively good, the remaining thought otherwise (about 60% regarded them as poor). A multiple regression analysis indicates that although demographic variables do not show significant associations with the perception of the Japan-Korea relations, those who favored the Hanryu boom and highly evaluated former Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi's foreign policies were more likely to consider the relations between the two countries to be good. In addition, the data from an open-ended question indicates that the respondents who judged the Japan-Korea relations to be good tended to do so mainly based on the augmented exchange of popular culture in recent years, while those who regarded the relations as poor were more likely to base their judgment on unsettled political or historical issues.