著者

石岡 恒憲

出版者

日本計算機統計学会

雑誌

計算機統計学 (ISSN:09148930)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.1, pp.3-13, 2006-06-30 (Released:2017-05-01)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

6

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K-means法の逐次繰り返しとBICによる分割停止基準を用いることで,クラスター数を自動的に決定するアルゴリズムx-means法を改良した.その手続きは,分割順序に起因する好ましくないと考えられる分割クラスターを併合するものである.この併合操作により,さまざまな事例に対して,適当と考えられるクラスター数を得ることのできる事例の数が大幅に増加することが確認された.この方法は,クラスター数未知のときに発見的な方法に拠らずに情報理論的に最適と考えられるクラスター数を求めることができる.その計算量(computational complexity)は標本サイズをN,クラスター数をkとしたとき,ο(N log k)となる.

著者

石井 正稔

出版者

日本印度学仏教学会

雑誌

印度學佛教學研究 (ISSN:00194344)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.1, pp.190-193, 2019-12-20 (Released:2020-09-10)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1

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This paper focuses on bibliographical information concerning the Pishamen yigui 毘沙門儀軌 translated by Amoghavajra 不空. Previous studies have considered that this work is of non-Indic origin. The Pishamen yigui consists of three parts: Yiguibu 儀軌部, Yuanqibu 縁起部, and Siji 私記. Since the contents of these three parts are not connected to each other, they seem to have developed separately. Moreover, this text is not contained in the catalogue (表制集) of texts translated by Amoghavajra. Therefore, the translator (or compiler) of this Yigui should not be accepted as Amoghavajra.The text of this Yigui contained in the presently used canons is derived from a version preserved in the Hasedera in Japan. This is most likely derived from a text found in the Kozanji edited by Jijun 慈順.

出版者

竜門文庫

巻号頁・発行日

1959

著者

和合 治久

出版者

日本応用動物昆虫学会

雑誌

日本応用動物昆虫学会誌 (ISSN:00214914)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.1, pp.1-13, 1995-02-25 (Released:2009-02-12)

参考文献数

93

被引用文献数

4 6

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Insects have at least three types of barriers to invading foreign matter at the integument, intestine and hemocoel. The hemocoel has several types of hemocytes and is the final barrier to invaders. The granular cells and plasmatocytes called immunocytes play essential roles in insect immunity. The foreign or non-self surface is recognized by the immunocytes, and triggers cellular filopodial elongation in which microfilaments play an indispensable role in phagocytosis. On the other hand, encapsulation and nodule formation involve cooperation between the granular cells and plasmatocytes. In this case, a humoral mediator (cytokine) is related to cell-cell interactions. Insects also have anti-microbial substances, lectin, a prophenoloxidase-activating system (proPO-AS), and a complement-like factor. Cecropin, insect defensin, and attacin are well-known anti-bacterial substances. In general, they are induced on injury or infection as well as at molting or pupation and show a broad spectrum activity. Lectin is also produced by infection or at developmental stages, and plays an important role in agglutinating foreign cells or in mediating the binding of granular phagocytes to them. In lepidoptera, lectin production is closely regulated by the endocrine system and by phagocytosis of granular cells. Furthermore, proPO-AS is correlated with recognition of foreign materials, particularly with the bacterial cell wall component, peptideglycan or the fungal cell wall component, β-1, 3-glucan. Since proPO and the protein for binding to peptideglycan or β-1, 3-glucan are synthesized by oenocytoids and spherule cells, respectively, these hemocytes can be called immunocytes. The rapid attachment of granular cells depends on the proPO-AS, suggesting that proPO-AS serves as opsonin in granulocyte adhesion. Complement-like factors are also found in hemolymph, although their defensive role is not confirmed. Like antibodies vertebrates possess, as complement has opsonic or lytic functions, it appears that insect complement-like factors could be involved in cytolysis or opsonization of foreign cells.

著者

アンドレ・ジイド 著

出版者

新潮社

巻号頁・発行日

1952

著者

安彦 一恵

出版者

関西倫理学会

雑誌

倫理学研究 (ISSN:03877485)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, pp.158, 2018 (Released:2018-07-15)

著者

木村 拓也 荒井 克弘 大塚 雄作 林 洋一郎 西郡 大 立脇 洋介 中世古 貴彦 竹熊 尚夫 花井 渉 田中 光晴 渡辺 雅幸 牧 貴愛 関口 洋平

出版者

九州大学

雑誌

基盤研究(B)

巻号頁・発行日

2022-04-01

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本研究は,大学入学者選抜統一試験が、高等教育の大衆化・国際化・情報化という大きな変化の中で、如何に制度としての公平性・公正性を担保しているのかについて学際共同研究を行うものである。資格試験制度と選抜試験制度とがモザイク状に混在するアジア各国の大学入試制度に着目し、時代の変化と共に制度設計が益々困難となりつつある、大学入学者選抜統一試験に焦点を当てる。本研究では、教育計画論の立場から大衆化に代表される変化の中での大学入学者選抜統一試験の課題を理論的に精査し、比較教育学の立場からその制度変容(改革経緯)と制度設計の具体を精査し、社会心理学の立場から受験生の納得感を公正知覚の観点で計量分析を行う。

著者

辻本 春彦

出版者

日本中国語学会

雑誌

中国語学研究会会報 (ISSN:18846041)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1954, no.24, pp.26-29, 1954 (Released:2011-03-08)

著者

治部れんげ著

出版者

小学館

巻号頁・発行日

2020

著者

橋本晶, 石垣宏 共編

出版者

国書刊行会

巻号頁・発行日

1980

著者

新村朋次郎 著

出版者

新村朋次郎

巻号頁・発行日

1903

著者

藍熊染料店図案部 [編]

出版者

藍熊染料店図案部

巻号頁・発行日

1926

著者

眞保 昌弘

出版者

国士舘大学日本史学会

雑誌

国士舘史学 = Kokusikan-shigaku

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.1-22, 2018-03-20

著者

日本港湾協会 [編]

出版者

日本港湾協会

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30(10), no.311, 1953-10

出版者

交通経済研究所

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.7, 1974-07

著者

大場 司

出版者

Japan Association of Mineralogical Sciences

雑誌

岩鉱 (ISSN:09149783)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.7, pp.305-322, 1991-07-05 (Released:2008-03-18)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

3 4

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Geological survey has been carried out on Akita-yakeyama volcano, eastern Akita Prefecture, Japan to establish the evolutional history of the volcano. Furthermore, the volcanic products have been described in detail to contribute to the petrological investigation of the volcano, that is currently in progress. The volcanic activities can be divided into three stages in terms of mode of volcanic activity or characteristics of the erupted products, or both. Approximately 300, 000 years ago, the volcanic activity started within a caldera formed by the eruptions of the voluminous felsic pyroclastics at 1 million years ago. This is the beginning of the early stage; the new volcano erupted number of andesitic lavas of the pigeonitic rock series while pyroclastic flows and falls were less abundant. The shape and size of the volcano built during this stage is not clear since it was covered with the following volcanic products, and severe erosion altered it much. In the middle stage the lava flow activities have been associated by explosive eruptions: pyroclastic falls and flows were repeated from central vent. The alternation of lavas and pyroclastics could have completed a large stratovolcano. All the volcanic rocks during this stage belong to hypersthenic rock series. After middle stage, the activity ceased for a while, and hydrothermal alteration expanded to nearly all over the volcano. Consequently, collapses of the altered piles of lavas and pyroclastics have led to five horseshoe-shaped calderas around the summit. After the repose period, the late stage activity started with explosive central and flank eruptions of pyroclastic fall; lava flows as well as pumice falls followed. During this stage, two andesite lava domes and two dacite domes were constructed. In the central area of the summit crater a dacite dome was built and dacitic ash was erupted; this is the latest activity. All the rocks of the last stage are of the hypersthenic rock series as well.

著者

市山 高志 松藤 博紀 末永 尚子 西河 美希 林 隆 古川 漸

出版者

一般社団法人 日本小児神経学会

雑誌

脳と発達 (ISSN:00290831)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.6, pp.493-497, 2005-11-01 (Released:2011-12-12)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

4

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軽症胃腸炎関連けいれんに対するcarbamazepine (CBZ) の有用性を検討した.対象は当科に入院した軽症胃腸炎関連けいれん16例 (男6例, 女10例, 9カ月~3歳, 平均1.7歳).方法は確定診断後ただちにCBZ5mg/kg/回を1日1回の内服を開始し, 下痢が治癒するまで継続投与した.CBZ投与前に16例中13例はdiazepam製剤を, 1例はdiazepam+phenobarbitalを単回あるいは複数回投与されていたが, けいれんは再発していた.CBZ投与前のけいれん回数は2~8回 (平均4.1回) だった.CBZ投与後15例にけいれんの再発はなかった.1例で15分後に1回のけいれんがみられた.CBZ投与期間は2~9日 (平均6.4日) で, CBZ投与は軽症胃腸炎関連けいれんに対し著効した.

著者

自治研中央推進委員会 編

出版者

自治労サービス

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13(8), no.146, 1971-08

著者

平林 順一 野上 健治

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本火山学会

雑誌

日本火山学会講演予稿集 2006 (ISSN:24335320)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.107, 2006-10-23 (Released:2017-02-10)

著者

角 保徳

出版者

日本レーザー歯学会

雑誌

日本レーザー歯学会誌 (ISSN:09177450)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.3, pp.137-141, 2012-12-01 (Released:2012-12-17)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

4 2

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Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a new biomedical imaging modality which can generate high-resolution, cross-sectional images of microstructures in biological systems. One of the most attractive features of OCT is that it uses safe near-infrared light instead of hazardous ionizing radiation. Furthermore, resolution on the order of 10 micrometers can be obtained. The optical accessibility of clinically relevant structures in the oral cavity makes it a particularly attractive location for the application of OCT imaging techniques. Our National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology has developed a new swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) system through joint research with industry and the public sector. In this study, this new SS-OCT system was applied to cross-sectional imaging of dental caries, resin based composite restorations, periodontal disease, oral cancer and finished dentures. It is concluded that our new SS-OCT system is a promising new and useful alternative imaging technique which can safely provide much more definitive information on oral structures at far higher resolution than is possible by conventional clinical imaging methods. The National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology received the world's first production unit of this new dental SS-OCT system.