著者

矢野竜渓 (文雄) 編訳

出版者

報知社

巻号頁・発行日

1887

著者

楠元 町子

出版者

愛知淑徳大学文学部

雑誌

愛知淑徳大学論集. 文学部・文学研究科篇 (ISSN:13495496)

巻号頁・発行日

no.40, pp.55-72, 2015-03-16

著者

黒川真道 編

出版者

国史研究会

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, 1914

著者

金 明美

出版者

静岡大学情報学部

雑誌

静岡大学情報学研究 (ISSN:13420909)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, pp.23-40, 2010

著者

今里 悟之

出版者

人文地理學會

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.5, pp.458-480, 1995

被引用文献数

2 2

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Social geographical studies concerned with rural societies in Japan until the 1970's dealt almost exclusively with the relationship between settlement forms and social structure (distribution of social groups or strength of social unity). Although religious landscape as place has attracted new attention since the 1980's in order to elucidate the symbolic meaning of space, most of the existing literature has not taken relation between landscape and social structure into consideration so far. Keeping such a drawback in mind, this article seeks to clarify the relation by grouping social functions of constituents of rural landscape, which are represented by religious objects, for instance, shrines, <i>jizo</i> (guardian deity statues) and graveyards. Note that the term social structure in this study concerns comprehensive relations associated with intra-settlement social groups and traditional rural households.<br>To pursue this aim, Aso, a mountain village located in the western part of Shiga Prefecture, Japan, was selected as the study field. With respect to the time span, the period from the Edo period to the present is taken up to examine historical changes of landscape. Based on remarkable changes in the local municipality's boundary and landscape, the four periods were established. There are various possible subjects associated with rural landscape, but the main focus here is restricted to social groups in the village.<br>The second section is devoted to an investigation of relationships between social group systems and social structure in the village under consideration. Social groups of <i>hongo</i> (formerly influential hamlets) are classified into the three different hierarchical levels: <i>mura</i> (self-government organizations), <i>Kami/Shimo</i> (organizations for supporting agricultural and Buddhist-temple activities) and <i>kumi</i> (mutual aid organizations). The social groups <i>Kami/Shimo</i>, as well as the four <i>kumis</i> check each other. The three <i>edago</i> (hamlets formerly subordinated to <i>hongo</i>) generally belonged to the <i>kumi</i> level, but it is considered that an <i>edago</i> evolved to the <i>mura</i> level. Moreover, there was a strict social hierarchy of households, especially until the prewar period. This is an outline of the social structure in the study field.<br>In the third and fourth sections, specific functions of social landscape constituents are identified in relation to social life, social structure-mentioned in the second section-and location of constituents themselves concerned with these. The term &ldquo;social landscape constituent&rdquo; here is used to denote landscape elements owned, managed and used by a social group. The functions of the constituents can be classified into five categories: mental unification, self-assertion, mutual understanding, territory declaration and memorial services for the dead. Due attention is not paid to such functions as community properties, production facilities and infrastructure, because of lack of enough information. From this procedure, however, the matrices of social landscape constituents are prepared for every period defined earlier.<br>Interrelations between social change and the matrices are explored in the fifth section. 1) the Edo period (1605-1873): <i>edago</i> seldom had social landscape constituents, suggesting their subordination to <i>hongo</i>. 2) the prewar period (1874-1946): the matrix shows that an <i>edago</i>, a Rokuro-<i>kumi</i>, strengthened its social unification, and became so competitive as to be regarded as an independent community. 3) the postwar period (1947-1964): Rokuro-<i>kumi</i> and Kumanobata-<i>kumi</i> were separated from the <i>hongo</i> and formed the new Kijiyama district. The appearance of war monuments represented the defeat and decline of the communities under analysis. 4) after the period of high economic growth (1965-1993): this period witnessed the most drastic change among the four.

著者

牧野 芳子

出版者

佛教大学大学院

雑誌

佛教大学大学院紀要. 社会学研究科篇 = The Bukkyo University Graduate School review. 佛教大学学術委員会, 社会学部編集委員会 編 (ISSN:18834000)

巻号頁・発行日

no.43, pp.17-34, 2015-03

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一般に社会では何かしらの排除がみられる。なぜなら,社会が必要とする諸資源には限りがあり,その配分を平等公平に行うことは難しく,結果として配分に関するルールが作られる。しかし,そのルールは他者を排除するためのルールともなり得るからである。一方こうした排他性は共同体内部の連帯意識と結束を強化させもする。事例とした沖縄本島北部の軍用地には,国有・個人所有の土地以外にかつて「字」と呼ばれた地域が共同で維持管理してきた共有地がある。現在それらの土地は登録上「公有地」になっているが,その土地つまり軍用地に支払われる借地料すなわち軍用地料は,かつてその土地を維持管理してきたメンバーにも分収されている。本稿は沖縄本島北部でも南に位置する3 町村内の共有地に関わる資源配分ルールとその地域における住民組織のメンバーシップについて考察を試みたものである。共有地住民自治組織軍用地軍用地料共有財産

著者

富山房編輯部 編

出版者

富山房

巻号頁・発行日

1938

著者

山名正太郎 著

出版者

大同館書店

巻号頁・発行日

1928

著者

岡 博文

出版者

日経BP社

雑誌

日経systems (ISSN:18811620)

巻号頁・発行日

no.186, pp.120-125, 2008-10

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企業活動に利用しているWebシステムであるにもかかわらず,十分なセキュリティ対策が施されておらず,不正アクセスを受け個人情報が盗まれるといった事件が相次いでいる。そこで,Webアプリケーションのセキュリティ対策を実践的に解説する。初回は,セキュリティ診断サービスの結果を基に,セキュリティ対策の実情を探る。

著者

武内義雄 著

出版者

岩波書店

巻号頁・発行日

1939

著者

滝島 勇希 吉田 一也 齊藤 梓 川上 勝 古川 英光

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

機械材料・材料加工技術講演会講演論文集 2018.26 (ISSN:2424287X)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.403, 2018 (Released:2019-05-25)

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Various kinds of underwater exploration techniques have been developed. For instance, submersible research vehicles and autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) have been used for observation of underwater conditions, in addition to the technique of fixed-point observation. However, such research vehicles and conventional AUV are difficult to control, are expensive, and are usually made with non-biodegradable materials such as metals. In contrast, jellyfish is the most efficient swimmers, traveling for long distance with saving energy by drifting in the ocean, its body can be decomposed after death, and safe for surrounding creatures. Therefore, we are developing the jellyfish-mimic AUV using a hydrogel. For designing a Jellyfish-mimic AUV robot, it is preferable to introduce a soft actuator driven by water pressure, as it requires low electric power and it is eco-friendly. In this study, we prototyped a Jellyfish-AUV robot using a soft material and a soft actuator. While it is ideal to make a robot body with hydrogel it is difficult to make the actuator with hydrogel.

出版者

アフィニス文化財団

巻号頁・発行日

1998

著者

脇山 広三 金 振鎬 多田 元英

出版者

Japanese Society of Steel Construction

雑誌

鋼構造論文集 (ISSN:18809928)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.5, pp.53-58, 1995-03-31 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

8

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Fatigue fracture or delayed fracture often occurs at the threaded portion or the underhead fillet of high-strength bolts where the stress concentrates. In order to reduce the stress-concentration at the threaded portion, we have already proposed the improved thread shape. In this paper, the cone shape head is proposed to reduce the stress-concentration at the underhead fillet. The efficiency of this shape is analyzed by the FEM in which the parameters are the radius of the fillet and the angle of the bearing surface at the underhead.

著者

濵田 晋太郎 小坂 博基 安東 史博 野口 法保 岡田 智之 斧山 巧 後藤 大輔 三村 憲一 満田 朱理 田中 久雄

出版者

鳥取赤十字病院

雑誌

鳥取赤十字病院医学雑誌 (ISSN:09172556)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.24-26, 2018-12-14

著者

山下 早代子

出版者

実践女子大学

雑誌

実践女子大学下田歌子記念女性総合研究所 年報 = The Annual Bulletin of the Shimoda Utako Research Institute for Woman (ISSN:24342718)

巻号頁・発行日

no.5, pp.15-33, 2019-03-15

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This article gives an overview of the current trends in research in female language and in what way the perspective under which this research is carried out will change. Influenced by the problems raised in earlier studies (Jugaku, 1979; Ide, 1997; Nakamura, 2012), recent research has seen a growing body of studies addressing sentence final particles, personal pronouns, discussions of discourse, etc. Along with that, inspired by the research on the influence of gender on language use by Lakoff (1973), many researchers have analyzed women's language from the viewpoint of gender ideology. Additionally, research methods have changed to include various new types of data besides natural conversation and questionnaires, such as female language in novels, movies, TV dramas, translated texts, elementary school textbooks, dictionaries, blogs, cartoons, etc. From these, I will summarize the current shape of research in female language and then discuss the likely future direction of this research.

著者

新宮 忠雄

出版者

一般社団法人 数学教育学会

雑誌

数学教育学会誌 (ISSN:13497332)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.3-4, pp.23-24, 1975 (Released:2020-09-11)

著者

谷口為次 著

出版者

有精堂出版部

巻号頁・発行日

1942

著者

進藤 明夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本材料学会

雑誌

材料 (ISSN:05145163)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.296, pp.401-415, 1978-05-15 (Released:2009-06-03)

参考文献数

160

著者

有山 輝雄 掛川 トミ子 桂 敬一 江藤 文夫 山本 武利 荒瀬 豊 岡 満男

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

新聞学評論 (ISSN:04886550)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, pp.216-226, 1986

著者

Mai INOUE Katsuaki SUGIURA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.21-0171, (Released:2021-05-17)

被引用文献数

2

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This study aimed to identify the causes of death in dogs that were buried at pet cemeteries. Using data obtained from a questionnaire completed by 5,118 dog owners from 1 April 2016 to 31 March 2017, we estimated the life expectancy and the odds ratio for principal causes of death using multiple logistic regression analysis with potential risk factors as independent variables. The life expectancy determined at birth was 13.98 years. The commonest cause of death was senility. The odds ratios of dying of senility being significantly higher in Labrador Retrievers and Shiba breeds and aged dogs, and significantly lower in Chihuahuas, dogs living indoors and neutered dogs.