著者
杉内 真理恵 羽生 笑子 上田 修一 倉田 敬子 宮田 洋輔 小泉 公乃
出版者
三田図書館・情報学会
雑誌
Library and information science (ISSN:03734447)
巻号頁・発行日
no.66, pp.127-151, 2011

【目的】本論文の目的は, 学術論文の著者, 主題, 研究方法, 理論の使用を分析することにより, 1970年から2009年までの日本の図書館情報学の研究状況を明らかにすることである。【方法】対象とした雑誌は, 査読制度を採用しているLibrary and Information Scienceと『日本図書館情報学会誌』 (『図書館学会年報』) である。1970年から2009年の間の掲載論文のうち, 投稿論文826篇を調査対象とした。各論文に対して, ①著者, ②主題, ③研究方法, ④理論の使用の分析を行った。著者に関しては, 論文ごとの著者数, 第一著者の所属機関, 職業を集計した。主題は14に区分し, さらに図書館学と情報学にまとめた。研究方法は, 最初に6アプローチに分類した後, 実証的研究のみデータ集計方法とデータ分析方法を調査した。また, 年別の論文数やページ数の推移を集計した。【結果】日本の図書館情報学論文ではこの40年間に, (1)大学院生を含め大学に所属する著者の増加, (2)情報学は一時多かったが, 次第に減少傾向にあり, 図書館学が再び中心となっている, (3)実証的方法を採用する論文が増加している, などの傾向があった。しかし, 主題について大きな変化はなかった。全体の論文数は, 1990年代から2000年代後半にかけて低下したが, 現在は, 増加傾向にある。前者の原因は, 両誌の厳格な査読制度の採用にあり, 後者の原因は, 大学院生の増加や研究助成制度の充実にあると考えられる。原著論文
著者
樋口 直人
出版者
日本感情心理学会
雑誌
エモーション・スタディーズ (ISSN:21897425)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, no.Si, pp.17-25, 2019-02-28 (Released:2019-03-11)
参考文献数
61

This article summarizes findings of sociological approaches to nativism and xenophobia, focusing on the relation between sociodemographic variables and anti-immigrant sentiments or support for the radical right. Our review of English literature shows the following: (1) the effect of demographic variables such as gender and age seems relatively strong, (2) relation between economic deprivation and support for the radical right are rather weak, and (3) radical right movements attract a variety of social class but those from lower socioeconomic strata tend to be overrepresented. Then we applied these three points to Japan and found the explanatory power of socioeconomic status was even weaker than western countries.
著者
浅野 良輔
出版者
一般社団法人 日本発達心理学会
雑誌
発達心理学研究 (ISSN:09159029)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.4, pp.267-278, 2015 (Released:2017-12-20)
参考文献数
58

個人の成長や発達,心理的適応に対して大きな役割を果たす親密な関係は,重要な研究テーマである。本論文では,親密な関係が人々の行動傾向や心理プロセスに与える影響をより包括的に理解することを目指し,発達心理学でみられる個人の発達に関する時系列的視点と,社会心理学における個人と二者関係(ダイアド)の階層的視点を統合した新たなアプローチを提案する。まず,成人の愛着理論に基づいた研究を通じて,親密な関係にまつわる発達心理学的研究と社会心理学的研究の相違を指摘する。つぎに,年齢差や発達軌跡に注目して愛着スタイルの発達過程を明らかにする時系列的視点,ならびに相互作用構造や共有された関係効力性など,個人レベルの影響プロセスとダイアドレベルの影響プロセスに注目する階層的視点の観点から,これまでの親密な関係研究を改めて概観した上で,発達心理学と社会心理学による統合的アプローチの可能性を探る。そして,時系列的視点と階層的視点の両面から親密な関係について検討するアプローチを実証研究の俎上に載せるため,データ収集の段階で直面しうる問題,交差遅延モデルや潜在成長曲線モデルといった縦断データに対する分析法,ペアワイズ相関分析や共通運命モデル,マルチレベル構造方程式モデリングといったダイアドデータに対する分析法について議論する。結語として,発達心理学と社会心理学が結びついた親密な関係研究の方向性を展望する。
著者
木下 尚子
出版者
熊本大学大学院人文社会科学研究部(文学系)
雑誌
人文科学論叢 (ISSN:24350052)
巻号頁・発行日
no.1, pp.1-18, 2020-03

Cowry shells in Japan are found in coastal area from Ryūkyū islands to the south half of Honshū. 2 kinds of cowries were known in documents of the 10th century respectively; "Purple cowry" was regarded as medicine, so called "shells of horse genitals" were used more generally. The latter’s name was replaced by "shells of easy delivery" in the 17th century and then cowry became a kind of lucky charm of baby care. YANAGITA Kunio, a famous folklorist, considered that the folkways of cowries for easy delivery were originated in Ryūkyū islands in ancient time and spread to the north by people who carried cowries. In this paper I made clear what is "purple cowry" and "shells of horse genitals" in taxonomic classification by observation of the cowries of the 8th to 11th century. I concluded that "purple cowry" was imported from south China, and "shells of horse genitals" were from Honshū. In the Ryūkyū islands, archaeological remains and folkways of cowries similar to those of Honshū are rarely found, so the relation between two areas cannot date back far.
著者
釜野 徳明 黒田 直孝 木津 治久 小宮山 寛機
出版者
天然有機化合物討論会実行委員会
雑誌
天然有機化合物討論会講演要旨集
巻号頁・発行日
vol.39, pp.505-510, 1997

Euphorbia sieboldiana Morr. et Decne. (Euphorbiaceae) is named as "Natsutodai" in Japan and is distributed widely in the mountain field. The roots of this plant are used as a diuretic drug by Japanese people. As regards the constituents of this plant, although over ten of three cyclic diterpenes are isolated by some Chinese groups, no work for biological activities has been reported. Our investigation was undertaken to discover biologically active components of this plant, because the extract showed an inhibition of cell division for fertilized sea urchin egg. In this paper, we report the isolation and structural elucidation of three new jatrophane A type diterpenes, named sieboldianines A(1), B(2), and C(3) (Fig. 2) having the antineoplastic activities, from the CH_2Cl_2 fraction of "Natsutodai" extract by repeated chromatography. Isolation (Fig. 1) was contacted with the two kind of bioassay, which are the inhibition of cell division for fertilized sea urchin egg and the cytotoxicity for human peripheral blood cancer HL-60 cell. Structural elucidation of three new compounds 1〜3 was based on their spectral data such as the infra-red spectra, mass spectra, and especially detail 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra(Table 1). From ^1H, ^<13>C NMR data, the jatrophane A skeleton of sieboldianines A(1), B(2), C(3), were reduced, in addition to the presence of two cyclic structures. The 2D HMBC experiment was utilized for established of carbon sequence and two ring condensation. The position of hydroxy esters (-OAc and -OBz) were carefully assigned. Finally, the biogenesis of sieboldianines was discussed (Fig. 3). Also. the strong activities of sieboldianines A(1), B(2), and C(3) for HL-60 cells were indicated in Table 1, together with the interesting activities for the resistant both P388/ADM and P388/VCR cells(Table 2).
著者
山本 格
出版者
公益社団法人 日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.77, no.7, pp.383-395, 2003-07-25 (Released:2017-12-26)
参考文献数
44
被引用文献数
1

In 1989, we have developed a novel vitamin C derivative, 2-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid (AA-2G), which is highly stable to heat and oxidative stress. This stable form of ascorbate, of which hydroxy moiety at the C-2 position is regiospecifically substituted with glucose, was enzymatically synthesizes with mammalian intestinal and rice seed α-glucosidase, and cyclodextrin glucanotans-ferase from Bachillus stearothermophylus. In 1999, we have also reported a series of 6-acylated forms of AA-2G, 6-Acyl-AA-2Gs, of which hydroxy moiety at the C-6 position of AA-2G is substituted with fatty acids having a different length of carbon chains. Exposure both of AA-2G and 6-Acyl-AA-2G to the mammalian biomembrance results in the formation of active vitamin C by α-glucosidase and/or esterase. AA-2G has been admitted as a medicinal additive for whitening and is widely used in domestic and foreign countries for years. Our of the various acylated derivatives, 6-O-dodecanoyl-2-O-α-D-glucopyranosyl-L-ascorbic acid is considered to be the most expected candidate in application for medicinal use, for examples, preservation solution for the grafts, whitening ingredient, food additives and medicines, because it is the most prominent one in terms of the stability, effectiveness and skin permeability. The two types of ascorbate derivatives are very useful vitamin C source, especially in the tissue culture experiments and contribute the finding of unknown physiological action, and to the clarification of the mode of action of ascorbate. It has been found that vitamin C stimulates the cytokine generation and enhances the cytokine-induced biological activity in immune and neurological responses, although ascorbate alone is without effect. These findings suggest that AA-2G and 6-Acyl-AA-2G not only may serve as useful agents for the medicinal and cosmetic use, but also contributes to shed some light on a new aspect of the biological activity of ascorbate.