著者

Ryo Momosaki Shoji Kinoshita Wataru Kakuda Naoki Yamada Masahiro Abo

出版者

徳島大学医学部

雑誌

The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.3.4, pp.153-158, 2016 (Released:2016-09-17)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

8

---

The purpose of this study was to review the best available evidence of noninvasive brain stimulation, including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for dysphagia after acquired brain injury. We searched randomized controlled trials that compared noninvasive brain stimulation with control used to improve dysphagia after acquired brain injury. We assessed dysphagia severity rating scales and penetration-aspiration scale as outcomes immediately after intervention. We calculated the pooled estimate of the standardized mean difference (SMD) to combine individual results. We included 8 published studies. Two heterogenous trials of 48 patients showed that rTMS was associated with a significant improvement in the dysphagia severity rating scale score (SMD 2.95). Three homogeneous trials of 88 patients showed a significant effect of rTMS on the penetration-aspiration scale score (SMD 0.77). Two homogeneous trials of 34 patients showed that tDCS was associated with a significant improvement in the dysphagia severity rating scale score (SMD 1.20). The review provided low-quality evidence for the effectiveness of noninvasive brain stimulation in improving dysphagia after acquired brain injury. Further trials of larger sample sizes are needed to determine the most appropriate noninvasive brain stimulation protocol. J. Med. Invest. 63: 153-158, August, 2016

著者

大取 一馬

出版者

密教研究会

雑誌

密教文化 (ISSN:02869837)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1983, no.142, pp.28-41, 1983-03-21 (Released:2010-03-12)

著者

竜池会 編

出版者

有隣堂

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第4回 1・2号, 1886

著者

飯田旗郎 著

出版者

南北社

巻号頁・発行日

1917

著者

武田 宙也

出版者

あいだ哲学会(京都大学大学院人間・環境学研究科篠原資明研究室)

雑誌

あいだ/生成 = Between/becoming (ISSN:21859515)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.57-76, 2016-03-20

著者

梅谷 俊治

出版者

京都大学

雑誌

数理解析研究所講究録 (ISSN:18802818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1981, pp.1-4, 2016-01

著者

速水 侑 ネビン パトリック

出版者

東海大学

雑誌

東海大学紀要. 文学部 (ISSN:05636760)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, pp.156-130, 2004-09-30

---

This article presents the results from a questionnaire survey conducted in order to determine the effects of population influx on traditional Shinto behavior as performed by residents in two regional cities. This study focuses mainly upon New Years' shrine visits (hatsumode) and festival participation (matsuri), both considered to be traditional Shinto behavior, while treating shrine visits as individualistic behavior and festival participation as collectivistic behavior. The goal was to show how population influx affects the choice of shrine or festival and the reasons for performing that behavior. Factors considered include length of residence, parishioner relationship, frequency of behavior and age; survey format and hypothesis was inspired by Morioka (1968). The results for shrine visits show that while there is a relationship between length of residence and the "delocalization" of behavior, hatsumode continues to have strong social importance as a traditional custom, whereas in the results for festival participation there is an increasing shift from shrine festivals to secular municipal festivals, with the most popular reasons for going to festivals ("festivals are popular and fun" and "to ensure good childhood memories for one's children") reflecting this shift.

著者

芝 健介

出版者

東京女子大学

雑誌

史論 (ISSN:03864022)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, pp.68-85, 2008

著者

上條 敏子

出版者

慶應義塾大学

雑誌

史学 (ISSN:03869334)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.4, pp.437-450, 1996-06

著者

Sayako Shimizu Kozo Hanayama Hiromichi Metani Takefumi Sugiyama Hiromasa Abe Sosuke Seki Takashi Hiraoka Akio Tsubahara

出版者

一般社団法人 回復期リハビリテーション病棟協会

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Comprehensive Rehabilitation Science (ISSN:21855323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.55-60, 2016 (Released:2016-09-09)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

24

---

Shimizu S, Hanayama K, Metani H, Sugiyama T, Abe H, Seki S, Hiraoka T, Tsubahara A. Retest reliability of ultrasonic geniohyoid muscle measurement. Jpn J Compr Rehabil Sci 2016; 7: 55-60.Objective: Ultrasonography can be used to assess both the morphology and movement of the muscles of deglutition. This study investigated the intratester, intertester, and retest reliability of ultrasonic assessments of the suprahyoid muscle group.Methods: Three testers performed ultrasonographic measurements of the length and area of the geniohyoid muscle in 10 healthy adults, and the contraction ratio during swallowing. Results were compared using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) to determine intratester, retest, and intertester reliabilities.Results: Intratester and retest reliabilities were very good, with ICCs ≥0.8 for all assessment parameters. In intertester reliability, ICCs were ≥0.8 for geniohyoid muscle length and area during swallowing and ≥0.6 for geniohyoid muscle length at rest and contraction ratio.Discussion: These results indicate high reliability of this assessment method for assessments made by the same individual, with reliability of the method remaining high for assessments performed at intervals.

著者

井下 英樹

出版者

関西大学身体運動文化学会

雑誌

身体運動文化フォーラム = Human movement arts forum

巻号頁・発行日

no.3, pp.135-151, 2008-03-31

著者

平井 利明

出版者

日本応用動物昆虫学会

雑誌

日本応用動物昆虫学会誌 (ISSN:00214914)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.103-106, 2007-05-25

被引用文献数

8

---

ダイズ害虫の天敵としてのニホンアマガエルの有用性を検討するため,ダイズ圃場で捕獲した個体の胃内容物分析を行った.ニホンアマガエル101個体の胃から収り出された1,545個体の餌動物を同定した結果,胃内容物は多様な節足動物から構成されていることが判明した.胃内容物中で優占していだのはアブラムシ類で,胃内容物総数の67.2%を占めていた.他には,ハムシ類やチョウ類幼虫などが多く含まれていた.これらの昆虫類を種レベルで正確に同定することは困難であったが,その多くは害虫種である可能性が高いと考えられた.このことから,ニホンアマガエルは様々な害虫種にとっての有力な天敵になっていると考えられた.ダイズ圃場でニホンアマガエルの個体数を増やして,害虫密度の抑制効果を高めるには,産卵後の成体や変態上陸後の幼体をダイズ圃場に誘引すべく,本種の繁殖場所となる水田に隣接させてダイズ圃場を配置すべきである.

著者

大橋 幸泰

出版者

早稲田大学教育学部

雑誌

學術研究. 地理学・歴史学・社会科学編 = Gakujutsu kenkyu. Geography・history・social science (ISSN:09130179)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, pp.11-26, 2006-02-25

著者

白木 優馬 五十嵐 祐

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.87.15040, (Released:2016-09-10)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

3

---

We examined two psychological processes of prosocial behavior: feeling gratitude and indebtedness. First, we asked if the value of the behavior for the receiver promotes gratitude; and second if the cost of the behavior for the giver promotes indebtedness. Gratitude and indebtedness were measured as behavioral indices of a quid pro quo (indirect reciprocity and direct reciprocity) to avoid social desirability effects in self-report measures. In Study 1, 119 undergraduates recalled a past experience in which they had been the recipients of prosocial behavior while emphasizing the value, cost, or situation (control) of the event. The level of gratitude was higher, and indirect reciprocity was observed more frequently, in the value condition than in the cost and control conditions. Indebtedness, however, did not differ across the conditions. In Study 2, 59 participants received a gift (the value and cost of which were manipulated) from an imaginary confederate. The value manipulation promoted indirect reciprocity, and both value and cost manipulations encouraged direct reciprocity. Implications for adaptive functions of gratitude in social selection processes are discussed.

著者

瀧端 真理子

出版者

全日本博物館学会

雑誌

博物館学雑誌 (ISSN:03894444)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.31-62, 2007-04

著者

坂井秀夫著

出版者

創文社

巻号頁・発行日

1967

著者

嘉瀬 貴祥 坂内 くらら 大石 和男

出版者

日本社会心理学会

雑誌

社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.60-67, 2016-08-25 (Released:2016-08-25)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

2

---

The aim of this study was to reveal behavior and thought constructing life skills in Japanese adults toward consideration of life skills training for adults. Descriptions of life skills were collected as text data from 400 adults. Co-occurrence network analysis found 40 instances of behavior and thought from the data. Several factors obtained were similar to those in previous studies (e.g., “positive thinking,” “planning,” “interpersonal manner,” etc.). Additionally, the original factors were also identified (e.g., “searching on social media,” “skeptical attitude toward information,” “judgment of profit and loss,” “imagining the worst situation,” “judgment of the appropriate psychological distance,” “maintaining the appropriate psychological distance,” etc.).

著者

重松 優

出版者

早稲田大学大学院 社会科学研究科

雑誌

社学研論集 (ISSN:13480790)

巻号頁・発行日

no.9, pp.300-313, 2007

---

論文

著者

岡田 甚七

出版者

財団法人 日本消化器病学会

雑誌

消化器病学 (ISSN:21851158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.1, pp.11-149_11, 1941-01-10 (Released:2011-06-17)

---

中國人ノ常食ハ其ノ地理・文化・産業ニヨツテ著シク差異ガアル, 殊ニ支那中原ノ古都タル河南省開封ハ地理ニ惠マレ文化ノ香リ高ク, 中國有数ノ肥沃地チ擁シ, 今次事變マデ比較的諸外國ノ影響チ受ケルコト尠ク種々ノ點カラ市民ノ河南人ハ中國人常食調査ノ對象トシテ好適ト考へ, 凡ユル角度カラ之チ観察スルコトトシ, 食事様式・獸立表・食事囘數・食事時刻・勞働状態・勤務朕態ハ勿論宗教ノ及ボス影響・経濟ノ影響ニ就イテモ考察シ, 我ガ日本ト著シク異ナル點チ究メ, 榮養素的考察ニ當ツテハ攝取食品ノ種類ト其ノ攝取量テ明ラカニシ, 各榮養素ノ量ト配合割合, 竝ビニ熱量ニ就キ調査批判シタ.對象トシテハ集團生活者トシテ河南省立開封師範學校・同農林學校・公立新華女子中學・新民會開封青年訓練所・河南省甲種警察教練所・河南鹽務管理局第一大隊・同第三大隊チ選ビ, 屋外筋肉勞働者トシテ大工・洋車夫・配水夫チ選ビ, 室内勤務者トシテ當市一流商店店員・病院事務員・看護婦・開封地區視務職員・河南鹽務管理局職員・開封建設縄署員・開封新民婦女會員チ選ビ, 夏期ノー部及ビ秋・冬期ノ常食調査ト榮養學的考察チ試ミタ.元來中闘人常食ノ如ク, 日本人トシテ理解ト把握二因難ナモノハ爲眞ト表示ニヨル方法ガ便宜ナルタメ, 茲ニハ此ノ方法チモ併用シタ.尚Vitaminノ問題ニツイテハ特ニVitamin B1ノ缺乏症ガ殆ド無イコトチ診療ノ實際ニ照合シテ論ジタ.本第1囘報告ニ於テハ, 宗教就中囘教ノ常食ニ對スル影響チ記載シ, 次イデ集團生活者ノ秋季ニ於ケル常食ニ就イテノ調査結果テ報告スルコトトシタ.特ニ同教チ擧ゲタ所以ノモノハ開封ニ於テ食品取扱業者ノ中ニ著シク回教徒ノ多イガ故デアル. 囘教徒食品ガ特殊ノ招牌チ掲ゲテ販賣セラレテヰル状況チ説明シ, 其ノ特徴トシテ一定ノ方式ニ從ツテ, 祈緯セズシテ屠シタル獸肉チ取扱ハズ, 又獸肉中ニテモ猪肉 (豚肉) 其ノ他アル種ノモノチ用ヒザルコトハ囘敢教典中ニ示サレタ要綱チ遵守シツ, アルモノデ又囘教徒ガ囘教食ニ非ザレバ食セザルコトハ周知ノ處デアノレガ所謂清眞食品チ教徒以外ノモノガ利用スルコトハ全ク自由デアル.囘教徒ノ食餌ハ斯クノ如ク教義上・慣例上特色アルモノデアルガ, 之チ榮養學的ニ観ルトキハ爾他ノ食餌ト格別ノ相違ハ認メラレナイ.集團生活者秋期常食調査ニ於テハ, 食卓ノ形ト副食物ノ皿数トノ間ニ一定ノ關係チ認メ食事同数ハ3囘ノモノ, 2囘ノモノヨリ多ク, 食事時刻ニモ特殊ノモノアルコトテ指摘シ, 朝・書・晩各食餌ノ特徴チアゲ, 對象タル8集團中著シキ差異アルコトニ注目ス・穀類ハ小麥及ビ小米 (粟) ノ2種ニシテ1日平均710g, 豆類平均99g, 蔬菜類209gデアリ, 動物性食品ハ差別ガ著シイガー般ニ少量デアリ, 皆無ノモノモアツテ1日平均28.3g.尚調味料44g, 調理用油脂13.0gノ平均値チ得, カクシテ総攝取量ハ905.2-13449, 平均1090.2g.更ニ之チ榮養學的ニ観察シテ蛋白質・脂肪・炭水化物・無機物ノ量的關係チ尋ネタガ, 動物性蛋白質攝取ノ著シク少量ナルコトハ頗ル注目スベキ處デ, 蛋白ノ供給ハ主トシテ植物性ノモノチ主食物ヨリ仰イデ居ルノハ興味深イ點デアル・脂肪ノ攝取量ハ邦人ニ比シテ多量デアリ, 炭水化物ノ攝取モ亦各國ニ比シ多量デ主トシテ圭食品ヨリ得テヰル・無機物ニ就イテハ邦人ト著シキ逕庭ハナイ・蛋白質攝取量ハ86.8-108.3g平均96.4g, 脂肪ハ9.8-96.5g平均33.0g, 炭水化物ハ489.3-607.8g平均531.89デ, 無機物ハ16, 2-34.59平均24.9gデアル.縄熱量ハ2544.5-3356.7Cal, 平均2881.9Cal其ノ他注目スベキハ砂糖類チ攝取セヌコト及ビー般二邦人二比シテ水 (湯又ハ茶水トシテ) ノ飲用料著シク多量ニシテ, 平均1日量1100-1600ccノ撮取チ見ル.之等集團生活者ノ常食ハ軍調ニシテー見極メテ粗食ノ感チ抱カシメルガ, 之チ榮養學的ニ究明シテ見ルト邦人及ビ其ノ他各國人ニ比シテ椙當ノ差異アルコト及ビ榮養素的分析ノ結果ハ外見上程決シテ粗食デナイコトチ示スノハ興味深イ處デアル.

著者

小沼 洋治 林 美智子 林 裕晃 西原 貞光

出版者

公益社団法人 日本放射線技術学会

雑誌

日本放射線技術学会雑誌 (ISSN:03694305)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.3, pp.277-282, 2012-03-20 (Released:2012-03-24)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

4

---

We tried to remove contamination of radioisotope (RI) for an X-ray detector (photostimulable phosphor plate; IP) and verified that our procedure suggested by Nishihara et al. was effective for decontamination. The procedure was as follows. First, the IP was kept for approximately twelve hours, and then it was processed [image (A)] as well as a clinical processing mode. Second, using a wet-type chemical wiper, we scavenged the IP to remove the adhered RI on its surface. Then, once again, the IP was kept for approximately fifteen hours and processed [image (B)] in order to check an effect of decontamination. Finally, the two images of (A) and (B) were analyzed using ImageJ, which can be downloaded as a free software, and a percentage of removal was calculated. The procedure was applied to two IPs using the FCR 5501 plus. In the present case, the percentage of removal was approximately 96%. The removed radioisotopes in the chemical wipers were analyzed by Ge detector. Then, 134Cs and 137Cs were found with activities of 2.9 4.3 Bq and 3.5 5.2 Bq, respectively. For three months after that, we cannot see black spots on the IPs owing to the contamination of the RI and there are no defects caused by decontamination using a wet-type chemical wiper.