著者

佐竹 久仁子

出版者

現代日本語研究会

雑誌

ことば (ISSN:03894878)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, pp.54-71, 2019-12-31 (Released:2019-12-31)

参考文献数

13

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絵本というメディアでは、主人公に男が多いことや男女の描かれかたに違いがあることなど、ジェンダーバイアスが存在することが先行研究により指摘されている。本稿では、これに加えて、登場キャラクターのことばづかいの性差も大きいことを、自称代名詞と文末形式の調査から明らかにした。それは、日本語概説書などでとりあげられる「ことばの男女差」どおりのものである。絵本のジェンダーバイアスはことばにも存在し、絵本はこどもに日本語の〈女ことば/男ことば〉規範を教えるメディアとなっているといえる。

著者

北尾 高嶺

出版者

社団法人 農業農村工学会

雑誌

農業土木学会誌 (ISSN:03695123)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.6, pp.533-536,a1, 1996-06-01 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

4

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大規模な下水道がヨーロッパで建設されはじめた事情を振返り, 日本の置かれている事情とは異なっていること, 今日小規模であっても十分な処理効果が得られるような技術が開発されたという状況のもとでは, 小規模施設には種々の点で大規模施設に見られない利点も多いことを述べた。また, 地球環境問題や技術論的視点からも時代の要請に対応した処理システムであることについて私見を開陳し, 今後の生活排水方策として小規模システムをもっと重視すべきであることを論じた。

著者

清水 一

出版者

大阪経大学会

雑誌

大阪経大論集 (ISSN:04747909)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.2, pp.165-180, 2021 (Released:2021-07-28)

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理工系学部(約240学部)のデータを分析した結果,①学部卒業後の進路として,偏差値の低い大学ほど就職を選び,偏差値の高い大学では進学を選ぶ確率が高いこと,②退学率,進学率とST 比率は有意な相関があるものの実質的な効果は小さいこと,進学率と就職率の和である決定率はST 比率と有意な関係がないこと,③理学部と工学部の比較では,退学率には有意な違いがないが,進学率,進路の決定率は工学部のほうが有意に高いことが分かった。 また,社会科学系と理工系の比較では,①どちらも退学率,就職率,進路決定率に対して偏差値の影響が大きいこと,②退学率の全体の平均値は同程度で,国公立・私立別・偏差値階級別の退学率の傾向も両方の学部系統で似ていること,③理工系では国公立は私立より退学率が有意に低く,就職率,進路の決定率は有意に高い。一方,社会科学系では国公立と私立に有意な差はない。

著者

大平 剛士 藤本 哲史

出版者

The Japanese Association of Administrative Science

雑誌

経営行動科学 (ISSN:09145206)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.3, pp.249-262, 2013 (Released:2014-08-01)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1

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In this study, we examine the impacts of monetary and non-monetary rewards on job satisfaction for home care workers in for-profit and nonprofit organizations. We test "the donative-labor hypothesis" (Hansmann, 1980; Preston, 1989; Rose-Ackerman, 1996) which argues that pay for workers in nonprofit organizations are lower than those for workers in for-profit organizations, while satisfaction with non-monetary rewards, along with their impact on job satisfaction, is significantly higher for workers in nonprofit organizations. The results from data analysis based on 390 workers in for-profit organizations and 47 workers in nonprofit organizations showed that those in nonprofit organizations worked for a lower level of pay in exchange for a higher satisfaction with non-monetary rewards and opportunities for training and professional development compared to their counterparts in for-profit organizations. We also found that satisfaction with those rewards and opportunities increased job satisfaction in nonprofit organizations. The implication of the findings and directions for future research are discussed.

著者

Yuki Kizawa Takahiro Sekikawa Masakatsu Kageyama Haruna Tomobe Riyo Kobashi Takahiro Yamada

出版者

SOCIETY FOR FREE RADICAL RESEARCH JAPAN

雑誌

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (ISSN:09120009)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20-149, (Released:2021-02-05)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

15

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We examined the effects of a test food containing anthocyanin, astaxanthin, and lutein on the eye function in healthy Japanese adults with eye fatigue after operating visual display terminals. Forty-four subjects were randomly but equally assigned to the active or placebo group. Two active or placebo capsules were taken once daily for 6 weeks. Accommodative function, tear film break-up time, visual acuity, the value of Schirmer’s test, macular pigment optical density level, muscle hardness, and a questionnaire were evaluated before and after a 6-week intervention. Each group included 20 subjects in the efficacy analysis. The active group showed a significant improvement in the percentage of pupillary response of an average of both eyes and dominant eye pre- and post-visual display terminal operation at 6 weeks compared with the placebo group. Moreover, the active group showed a significant improvement in the scores of “A sensation of trouble in focusing the eyes” and “Difficulty in seeing objects in one’s hand and nearby, or fine print” compared with the placebo group between before and after ingestion. Therefore, 6-weeks consumption of the test food inhibited a decrease in the accommodative function caused by visual display terminal operation (UMIN000036989).

著者

西原 春夫

出版者

日本刑法学会

雑誌

刑法雑誌 (ISSN:00220191)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.2-3, pp.177-190, 2010-03-01 (Released:2020-11-05)

著者

笠原 酉介 井澤 和大 渡辺 敏

出版者

日本理学療法士学会

雑誌

理学療法学 (ISSN:02893770)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.6, pp.429-437, 2013-10-20 (Released:2017-07-05)

出版者

一般社団法人 日本高次脳機能障害学会

雑誌

高次脳機能研究 (旧 失語症研究) (ISSN:13484818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.1, pp.139-141, 2019-03-31 (Released:2020-04-03)

著者

Keita Miura Shota Tokunaga Yuki Horita Yasuhiro Oda Takuya Azumi

出版者

Information Processing Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Information Processing (ISSN:18826652)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.227-235, 2021 (Released:2021-03-15)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

8

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In recent year, autonomous vehicles have been developed worldwide. ROS, which is a middleware suitable for the development of a self-driving system, is rarely used in the automotive industry. MATLAB/Simulink, which is a development software suitable for Model-based development, is usually utilized. To integrate a program created with MATLAB/Simulink into a ROS-based self-driving system, it is necessary to convert the program into C++ code and adapt to the network of the ROS-based self-driving system, which makes development inefficient. We used Autoware as ROS-based self-driving system and provided a framework which realizes co-simulation between Autoware and MATLAB/Simulink (CoSAM). CoSAM enables developers to integrate the program created with MATLAB/Simulink into the ROS-based self-driving system without converting into C++ code. Therefore, CoSAM makes the development of the self-driving system easy and efficient. Furthermore, our evaluations of the proposed framework demonstrated its practical potential.

著者

堤 きく江 土屋 千佳子 花輪 和己 鈴木 正彦 花輪 剛久 小口 敏夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.128, no.6, pp.965-970, 2008-06-01 (Released:2008-06-01)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

1 1

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Beraprost sodium (BPS) is often used for pediatric patients with pulmonary hypertension. The purpose of this study was to determine the expiration date of the powdered medicine prepared by grinding tablets. In the present study, the hygroscopicity and stability of the beraprost tablet (DORNER® tablet), ground Dorner tablet and powder formulation (Doener powder) consisting of the ground DORNER® tablet and lactose (EFC® lactose) were investigated after storage at various relative humidities (RHs) and light exposures. While the DORNER® tablets and ground DORNER® tablets were found to adsorb significant amounts of water vapor at an RHs of greater than 51.0%, Dorner powder scarcely adsorbed water. The stability of BPS in the Dorner powder decreased after storage under 3000 lux for 90 days. From these results, the expiration date and storage conditions of Dorner powder were determined to “90 days without exposure to light.” We also investigated the stability of BPS in solutions of various pH values on the assumption that Dorner powder may be given to pediatric patients after dissolving in soft drinks. Because BPS degraded significantly below pH 2, pharmacists should alert patients not to take Dorner powder with acidic soft drinks.

著者

高橋 幸一

出版者

Japan Society of Sport Anthropology

雑誌

スポーツ人類學研究 (ISSN:13454358)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2000, no.2, pp.75-85, 2001-01-31 (Released:2011-06-08)

参考文献数

28

著者

露久保 美夏

出版者

一般社団法人 日本調理科学会

雑誌

日本調理科学会誌 (ISSN:13411535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.6, pp.435-438, 2015 (Released:2016-01-04)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

2

著者

佐々 保雄

出版者

北海道地理学会

雑誌

北海道地理 (ISSN:02852071)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1981, no.55, pp.1-7, 1981-01-30 (Released:2012-08-27)

著者

Nahoko Uchiyama Junko Hosoe Naoki Sugimoto Kyoko Ishizuki Tatsuo Koide Mika Murabayashi Naoto Miyashita Kengo Kobayashi Yoshinori Fujimine Toshiyuki Yokose Katsuya Ofuji Hitoshi Shimizu Takashi Hasebe Yumi Asai Eri Ena Junko Kikuchi Kohei Kiyota Kazuhiro Fujita Yoshinobu Makino Naoko Yasobu Yoshiaki Iwamoto Toru Miura Koji Mizui Katsuo Asakura Takako Suematsu Hitomi Muto Ai Kohama Takashi Goto Masu Yasuda Tomohiko Ueda Yukihiro Goda

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.7, pp.630-638, 2021-07-01 (Released:2021-07-01)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

5

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Recently, quantitative NMR (qNMR), especially 1H-qNMR, has been widely used to determine the absolute quantitative value of organic molecules. We previously reported an optimal and reproducible sample preparation method for 1H-qNMR. In the present study, we focused on a 31P-qNMR absolute determination method. An organophosphorus compound, cyclophosphamide hydrate (CP), listed in the Japanese Pharmacopeia 17th edition was selected as the target compound, and the 31P-qNMR and 1H-qNMR results were compared under three conditions with potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) or O-phosphorylethanolamine (PEA) as the reference standard for 31P-qNMR and sodium 4,4-dimethyl-4-silapentanesulfonate-d6 (DSS-d6) as the standard for 1H-qNMR. Condition 1: separate sample containing CP and KH2PO4 for 31P-qNMR or CP and DSS-d6 for 1H-qNMR. Condition 2: mixed sample containing CP, DSS-d6, and KH2PO4. Condition 3: mixed sample containing CP, DSS-d6, and PEA. As conditions 1 and 3 provided good results, validation studies at multiple laboratories were further conducted. The purities of CP determined under condition 1 by 1H-qNMR at 11 laboratories and 31P-qNMR at 10 laboratories were 99.76 ± 0.43 and 99.75 ± 0.53%, respectively, and those determined under condition 3 at five laboratories were 99.66 ± 0.08 and 99.61 ± 0.53%, respectively. These data suggested that the CP purities determined by 31P-qNMR are in good agreement with those determined by the established 1H-qNMR method. Since the 31P-qNMR signals are less complicated than the 1H-qNMR signals, 31P-qNMR would be useful for the absolute quantification of compounds that do not have a simple and separate 1H-qNMR signal, such as a singlet or doublet, although further investigation with other compounds is needed.

著者

野谷 秀雄 本田 浩二

出版者

公益社団法人 日本材料学会

雑誌

材料 (ISSN:05145163)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.11, pp.1176-1180, 1996-11-15 (Released:2009-06-03)

参考文献数

6

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Stains on the shell of non-coating rolling stock tend to be conspicuous when compared with rolling stock coated with paint. In some cases these stains sticking to metallic surface remain unremoved in a simple water washing process. In this investigation, an attempt was made to clarify the mechanism of stains. At first, the contents of stains on the non-coating rolling stock shell was examined and it was found that stains principally consisted of iron rust and iron compounds supposed to be the wearing powder of wheel and rail. From this finding, the method of accelerated staining with iron filings was developed. The stains of shell were reproduced on dry and wet cyclic environment tests after iron filings on the test specimen. For cleaning of these stains, normal and high viscosity cleansers were compared. The high viscosity one showed a good result for removing stains.

著者

Kenji Sugibayashi Mika Futaki Miyu Hashimoto Asuka Fukuhara Kengo Matsumoto Takeshi Oshizaka Shoko Itakura Hiroaki Todo

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.7, pp.639-645, 2021-07-01 (Released:2021-07-01)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

2

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The purpose of the present study was to evaluate whether iontophoresis (IP) accelerates the intradermal migration rate of medium molecular weight drugs. Sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PSA) and fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FD) were used as model medium molecular weight acidic and non-electrolyte drugs, respectively. Low molecular weight acid and non-electrolyte drugs were also used for comparison. Drug-loaded excised split-layered skin (SL skin) was used in the experiment. SL skin was prepared using (i) whole skin was split once, (ii) the drug solution was applied on the lower skin, and (iii) the upper skin was layered onto the lower skin containing the drug solution as in the original skin. The effect of constant-current cathodal or anodal IP was applied to the SL skin, and the time course of the cumulative amount of drug migration from the SL skin through the dermis to the receiver was followed. In cases without IP and with anodal IP, the intradermal migration rates of medium molecular weight drugs were much lower than those of small molecules. The driving force for drug migration was thought to be simple diffusion through the skin layer. In contrast, cathodal IP significantly increased the intradermal migration rate of PSA not but of FD or low molecular weight drugs. This IP-facilitated migration of PSA was probably due to electrorepulsion. These results suggest that IP can be used to increase the intradermal migration of medium molecular weight charged drugs.

著者

中野 優子

出版者

Japanese Association of Indian and Buddhist Studies

雑誌

印度學佛教學研究 (ISSN:00194344)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.1, pp.225-228, 1995-12-20 (Released:2010-03-09)

出版者

日本生涯スポーツ学会

雑誌

生涯スポーツ学研究 (ISSN:13488619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.55-79, 2021 (Released:2021-07-20)

著者

山田 淳夫 小林 陽

出版者

公益社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

まてりあ (ISSN:13402625)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.9, pp.607-613, 2007-09-01 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

47

著者

大谷 尚

出版者

教育システム情報学会

雑誌

教育システム情報学会誌 (ISSN:13414135)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.3, pp.340-354, 2008-11-30 (Released:2019-04-09)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

8

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The author discusses the significance of qualitative research methodology in educational technology research. For that purpose, he first describes what qualitative research is, showing its characteristics, process, differences from quantitative research, crucial points for its understanding and practice, generalizability and research evaluation. Then he discusses its significance in educational technology research, in terms of from technology-push to requirement-pull, from research for the research article’s own to effective system development, from product-focused to process-focused, necessity of goal-free evaluation, research on teachers who are the gate keepers of educational technology, and educational research through educational technology research.