著者
合谷木 徹
出版者
日本臨床麻酔学会
雑誌
日本臨床麻酔学会誌 (ISSN:02854945)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.33, no.3, pp.392-403, 2013 (Released:2013-07-13)
参考文献数
19

デクスメデトミジンはin vitro,in vivoの研究で神経保護効果を有しているという多数の報告がある.動物実験では,前脳虚血,局所脳虚血,および不完全前脳虚血において脳保護効果を有し,これにはα2Aサブタイプを介して,Bcl-2の増加,Baxの低下,カスパーゼ3の減少などの抗アポトーシス効果が関与している.われわれは,デクスメデトミジンと局所麻酔薬であるリドカインの併用,およびデクスメデトミジンと低体温の併用による脳保護効果を報告してきた.近年,生後間もないラットを吸入麻酔薬に暴露させると,幼若脳ではアポトーシスが進行してしまうという報告があり,デクスメデトミジンはこの幼若脳に対しての保護効果を有しているとのin vitro,in vivoの研究報告がある.しかし,人においてはデクスメデトミジンの神経保護効果はいまだ実証されてはいない.鎮静効果を有するデクスメデトミジンは臨床でも使用されているため,臨床使用により動物実験で得られた神経保護効果を期待できると推測され,今後の臨床でのデクスメデトミジンの有用性が増加すると考えられる.
著者
小島 崇 綱島 均 伊藤 聡美 塩沢 友規
出版者
一般社団法人 日本人間工学会
雑誌
人間工学 (ISSN:05494974)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.43, no.4, pp.193-200, 2007-08-15 (Released:2010-03-15)
参考文献数
11
被引用文献数
2 1

鉄道の安全性確保のために, 列車運転士には判断に関するヒューマンエラーを犯さないことが強く求められる. 列車運行時のヒューマンエラーを防止するためには, 人間の特性を考えた運転支援システムの開発が必要である. このようなシステムを開発するにあたっては, 運転操作と認知, 判断にともなう脳機能に着目する必要がある. 本論文では, 列車運転中の運転士の高次脳機能を, 機能的近赤外分光 (fNIRS) 装置を用いて計測した. 運転中の脳機能活動を抽出するために, ウェーブレット変換による多重解像度解析を適用することを提案した. 運転シミュレータを用いた実験の結果, 提案の方法により運転中の高次脳機能を評価できることを示した.
著者
飯淵 康雄
出版者
日本民族衛生学会
雑誌
民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.56, no.6, pp.258-291, 1990-11-30 (Released:2011-02-25)
参考文献数
13

J.Grauntは17世紀に世界で初めて年齢別死亡・生残表の数字を提供した.これを初めてグラフ化した人が丸山博教授だった。又,同教授は第2次大戦前に,B・ピシャー氏の乳児死亡研究より早く,ほぼ同じ思考方法で,α-lndexや△-Curveを創造した.本研究では,これらの研究内容にひそめられた「累加死亡数」という累積的効果の実際的・学問的意味をC.Darwinの著作の中に求め,それらの学問的意味をJ.Grauntや丸山博氏の独創的研究に導入することにより,丸山教授の研究成果が今日でも有効に活用できることを実証した.
著者
藤田 彬 藤田 央 田村 直良
出版者
一般社団法人 言語処理学会
雑誌
自然言語処理 (ISSN:13407619)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.19, no.4, pp.281-301, 2012-12-14 (Released:2013-03-19)
参考文献数
35
被引用文献数
1

本稿では,文章に対する評点と国語教育上扱われる言語的要素についての特徴量から,個々の評価者の文章評価モデルを学習する手法について述べる.また,学習した文章評価モデルにおける素性毎の配分を明示する手法について述べる.評価モデルの学習には SVR を用いる.SVR の教師データには,「表層」「語」「文体」「係り受け」「文章のまとまり」「モダリティ」「内容」というカテゴリに分けられる様々な素性を用意する.これらには日本の国語科教育において扱われる作文の良悪基準に関わる素性が多く含まれる.なおかつ,全ての素性が評価対象文章に設定される論題のトピックに依存しない汎用的なものである.本手法により,文章の総合的な自動評価,個々の評価者が着目する言語的要素の明示,さらに評点決定に寄与する各要素の重みの定量化が実現された.
著者
庄司 文啓 藤井 尚之
出版者
電気・情報関係学会九州支部連合大会委員会
雑誌
電気関係学会九州支部連合大会講演論文集 平成20年度電気関係学会九州支部連合大会(第61回連合大会)講演論文集
巻号頁・発行日
pp.640, 2008 (Released:2010-04-01)

部分的モデルマッチング法において、制御対象の分母系列表現を行うことが必要である。制御対象の分母系列表が不安定となる場合は、適用できない。 モデル低次元化法を用いて、安定な分母系列表現を求める。 4つの型(I型~IV型)の参照モデルについて検討する。
著者
髙村 藤寿 太田 順子 尾崎 光則 西澤 泉
出版者
一般社団法人 日本機械学会
雑誌
日本機械学会論文集 (ISSN:21879761)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.16-00070, (Released:2016-10-07)
参考文献数
24
被引用文献数
2

In this paper, Technology Circulation Model is proposed as a new management method for companies with existing business domains that plan and execute industry-university collaborations to make innovations. Based on this model, we discuss concepts for effective planning and execution of industry-university collaborations through real cases. Technology Circulation means a flow of Science - Technology - Engineering - Manufacturing & Services, then to Science again. We show the effectiveness of the framework of industry-university collaborations, in which; empirically used techniques are visualized, complicated phenomena are explained simply, new sciences are established, and current industrial technologies are made more sophisticated. By starting from visualization of currently used technologies, it becomes possible to execute efficient industry-university collaborations matching the directions of business needs and academic seeds.
著者
Fumiaki Taka Kyoko Nomura Saki Horie Keisuke Takemoto Masumi Takeuchi Shinichi Takenoshita Aya Murakami Haruko Hiraike Hiroko Okinaga Derek R. Smith
出版者
独立行政法人 労働安全衛生総合研究所
雑誌
Industrial Health (ISSN:00198366)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2016-0126, (Released:2016-10-01)
被引用文献数
25

We investigated relationships between the perception of organizational climate with gender equity and psychological health among 94 women and 211 men in a Japanese private university in 2015 using the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (i.e., personal, work-related and student-related burnout). Perceptions of organizational climate with respect to gender equity were measured with two scales including organizational engagement with a gender equal society in the workplace (consisting of three domains of ‘Women utilization', ‘Organizational promotion of gender equal society' and ‘Consultation service'); and a gender inequality in academia scale that had been previously developed. Multivariable linear models demonstrated significant statistical interactions between gender and perceptions of organizational climate; ‘Women utilization' or lack of ‘Inequality in academia' alleviated burnout only in women. In consequence of this gender difference, when ‘Women utilization' was at a lower level, both personal (p=.038) and work-related (p =.010) burnout scores were higher in women, and the student-related burnout score was lower in women when they perceived less inequality in academia than in men (p=.030). As such, it is suggested organizational fairness for gender equity may be a useful tool to help mitigate psychological burnout among women in academia.
著者
Yumiko Maekawa Juan Ramos-Cejudo Atsuko Kanai
出版者
(公社)日本産業衛生学会
雑誌
Journal of Occupational Health (ISSN:13419145)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.16-0052-OA, (Released:2016-10-07)
被引用文献数
6

Objectives: Although using mental health services is an effective way to cope with work-related stressors and diseases, many employees do not utilize these services despite their improvements in recent years. The present study aimed to investigate the interaction effects of workplace climate and distress on help-seeking attitudes, and elucidate the reasons for mental health service underutilization in Japan.Methods: A questionnaire was distributed to 650 full-time male Japanese employees. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to investigate interaction effects of workplace climate and distress on help-seeking.Results: Results showed that the association between workplace climate and help-seeking attitudes differed depending on employee distress level. For employees experiencing low levels of distress, openness to seeking treatment increased with a higher evaluation of the mental health services available at the workplace. However, the same did not hold true for employees experiencing high levels of distress. Instead, openness to seeking treatment decreased with perceived risk for career disadvantage for high distress employees. Additionally, negative values for seeking treatment in highly distressed employees decreased only when services were perceived as valuable, and the risk to their career was perceived as low.Conclusions: Overall, these findings indicate that distress distorts the perception of social support, which may lead to underutilization of available services. Assessing employees' distress levels and tailoring adequate interventions could facilitate help-seeking in male employees.
著者
Kati KARHULA Mikko HÄRMÄ Mikael SALLINEN Christer HUBLIN Jussi VIRKKALA Mika KIVIMÄKI Jussi VAHTERA Sampsa PUTTONEN
出版者
独立行政法人 労働安全衛生総合研究所
雑誌
Industrial Health (ISSN:00198366)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.51, no.4, pp.406-416, 2013 (Released:2013-08-31)
参考文献数
53
被引用文献数
4 27

We explored the associations of job strain with sleep and alertness of shift working female nurses and nursing assistants. Participants (n=95) were recruited from the Finnish Public Sector Study, from hospital wards that belonged to the top or bottom quartiles on job strain. Participants’ own job strain was at least as high in high-strain group or low in low-strain group as the ward’s average. The study included three-week measurements with sleep diary and actigraphy. Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) was performed during one pre-selected morning and night shift and a day off. Sleep efficiency before morning shifts was lower in the high-strain than low-strain group (p=0.03). Low-strain group took more often (72 vs. 45%; p<0.01) and longer naps (62 vs. 35 min; p=0.01) before the first night shift than high-strain group. Difficulties initiating sleep were more common in high-strain group, especially after evening shifts (p<0.01). High-strain group had more often at least one lapse in PVT during the night shift (p=0.02). Average sleep duration (06:49h) and efficiency (89%) did not differ between these groups. In conclusion, high job strain is associated with difficulties initiating sleep and reduced psychomotor vigilance in night shifts. Shift working contributed to impaired sleep in both high and low job strain group. Individual and organization-based actions are needed to promote sufficient sleep in shift working nurses, especially with high job strain.
著者
赤嶺 亜紀
出版者
日本認知心理学会
雑誌
日本認知心理学会発表論文集 日本認知心理学会第13回大会
巻号頁・発行日
pp.140, 2015 (Released:2015-10-21)

本研究では女性大学生の化粧が対人行動に及ぼす影響を検討するため,女性実験参加者の化粧を操作し,前方に加え,後方と左右の4方向のパーソナルスペースを測定した。またSTAI日本語版状態不安尺度(清水・今栄,1981)用いて,化粧が感情と対人積極性に及ぼす効果を検討した。
著者
Jun Tanihata Shin’ichi Takeda
出版者
一般社団法人日本体力医学会
雑誌
The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.5, no.4, pp.309-312, 2016-09-25 (Released:2016-10-03)
参考文献数
38

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a life-limiting X-linked genetic disorder caused by a lack of the membrane-associated protein dystrophin. The absence of dystrophin increases the susceptibility of muscle fibers to damage. Repeated damage results in ineffective muscle repair and the development of pseudo-hypertrophied muscles; these bulky muscles are weak despite their size. The mechanisms underlying the functional impairments in dystrophic muscle have not yet been fully determined. However, several recent studies indicate that elevated intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis is a cause or facilitator of the development of muscle weakness in DMD. This review focuses on abnormalities of Ca2+ homeostasis and the possibilities for treatment by counteracting the Ca2+ dysregulation.
著者
工藤 ひろみ 床次 眞司 細田 正洋 岩岡 和輝 葛西 幸彦
出版者
日本保健物理学会
雑誌
保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.51, no.2, pp.92-97, 2016 (Released:2016-08-09)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
2

On 11 March 2011, a 9.0 magnitude earthquake, which occurred at Northern Japan, and subsequent tsunami caused serious damage to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS). People living within a radius of 30 km were evacuated from their homes. Residents of Namie Town stayed for several days at a location 30 km northwest of the FDNPS. However, as a highly concentrated radioactive plume passed over this location, the evacuees are very much worried about their radiation exposure. On the other hand, there are several nuclear facilities in Aomori Prefecture. Such circumstances may produce concerns among people regarding an increased risk of cancer or other radiation-induced disease. In this study, focusing on the citizens of Namie Town and Aomori Prefecture (Hirosaki, Aomori and Hachinohe Cities), their understanding of basic knowledge on radiation was investigated through anonymous questionnaires. The present study has revealed that people recognized that they are exposed to natural radiation of more than 1 mSv, Despite this fact, however, people in Namie Town believe even radiation of 1 mSv will cause them some biological effects. Although basic general knowledge on radiation should be provided, a reliable relationship between the general public and experts also needs to be established.