著者
中村 羊一郎 Yoichiro NAKAMURA
出版者
静岡産業大学情報学部
雑誌
静岡産業大学情報学部研究紀要 = Bulletin of Shizuoka Sangyo University
巻号頁・発行日
vol.9, pp.266-225, 2007-01-01

日本列島の太平洋側東北部に位置する陸中海岸には、リアス式の海岸線が織り成す多くの入り江がある。なかでも岩手県下閉伊郡の山田湾には、暖流に乗って回遊するイルカがしばしば「浦入り」をしてきた。湾に面した大浦集落では、これを網で囲って海岸にまで追い込んで捕獲する、イルカ追い込み漁が近世の早い時期から行なわれており、この種の漁法としては日本の最北端での実施例に位置づけられる。村内外の出資者が金本、村内の有力者が瀬主(網元)となり、集落全戸が参加して行なう大規模な漁であり、時には一度に数千頭の漁獲があった。盛岡藩には、年間五貫文の礼銭を納入して漁の権利を確保したが、藩も新規参入者を認めず村方を支持して漁を継続させた。漁の収益は全戸に配布され、公共の用途にも使用された。明治以降、岩手県の水産行政ではイルカ漁は坪外に置かれたため、漁は慣例に従って続けられていたが、いわゆる旧漁業法が施行されてイルカ漁の位置づけも明確になり、正規の漁業権が確立した。本稿では、この過程を史料に基づいて跡づけるとともに、村落をあげての集団漁労活動の意義と、漁民のイルカ観を考える。なお、大浦におけるイルカ漁は、大正期に入ってからは数回の捕獲記録を残すのみとなり、昭和以降は全く行なわれなくなった。
著者
森田 耕喜
出版者
国際医療福祉大学
雑誌
国際医療福祉大学紀要 (ISSN:13424661)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.3, pp.79-88, 1998-12-25

ハイデッガーの『存在と時間』における「死」の概念の分析が本稿の目的である。「存在の意味への問い」は「現存在」という自らの存在に自らの関わり得る特殊な存在者=人間存在によって遂行される。「世界-内-存在」とあり方で「世界」が「開示」されている「現存在」は、自ら発光する光源、事象が明るみに出される場、人間と「世界」との関係が照射される地平と言える。「世界」の開示性において、常に既にそこへと投げ込まれている「情態性」と、そこで開かれている「可能性」としての「了解」に基づいて、現在と未来という「時間」が浮上する。しかし、「現存在」は自らの様態を「気遣い」ながら、その本来的な可能性を回避し、「死」の「確実性」と不確定性を覆い隠して日常性に埋没し、「頽落」している。これに動揺を与えるのが「不安」であり、その対象は「世界-内-存在」そのものである。「現存在」の「存在」は「全体」として捉えられねばならないが、それは自らの終わりとして「全体」を完結させる極限としての「死」に関係する。「死」は「現存在」にとって「最も固有の、没交渉的で、追い越しえない可能性」としてある。
著者
菊池 聡 金田 茂裕 守 一雄
出版者
信州大学人文学部
雑誌
人文科学論集 人間情報学科編 (ISSN:13422782)
巻号頁・発行日
no.41, pp.105-115, 2007-03

Ninety-five undergraduates belonging to four different hobby groups took two different types of attitudinal assessment measures towards "Otaku" concept ; an implicit measure recently developed by Mori (2006) and two explicit measures developed by Kikuchi (2000). The results showed that these three measures were inter correlated and the implicit measure failed to discriminate the four groups, but most Otaku-cultured group showed a slight positive attitude towards Otaku-concepts. Being Otaku was once strongly associated with negative image among the Japanese students. However, the present results showed the Otaku image has become neutral in both implicit and explicit measures.
著者
嶋根 卓也
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬学会
雑誌
YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.133, no.6, pp.617-630, 2013
被引用文献数
8

The nonmedical use of medications, including psychotropic drugs, is a growing health problem in Japan. According to a nationwide survey of mental hospitals, the proportion of patients with sedative (mainly benzodiazepine)-related disorders has more than doubled over the last decade. An association between psychotropic drug overdose and suicide risk has also been reported. Furthermore, over-the-counter drug abuse is still a serious problem in Japan. In recent years, pharmacists have been expected to act as gatekeepers, making timely identifications of suicide risk or substance abuse and directing these individuals to appropriate medical care facilities. In August 2012, the revised Comprehensive Suicide Measures Act identified pharmacists as one professional group that should act as gatekeepers. This article begins by reviewing the fundamental terms involved in understanding the nonmedical use of medications, including abuse, dependence, and intoxication. The current situation of substance abuse and dependence is then introduced through a summary of several epidemiological surveys conducted in Japan. Finally, the role of pharmacists as gatekeepers in preventing substance abuse and dependence on medications is discussed.<br>
著者
川本 豊 市川 秀和
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.86, no.787, pp.2388-2398, 2021

<p> The purpose of this study is to examine the problems about the theory of architecture, using Japanese classical literature as a text, we have taken up representations of dwelling and have conducted architectural discussions of the aspects of spatial phenomena that appear in texts, while taking the previous research by the so-called <i>Kyoto School</i> of architectural theory, led by <i>Masuda Tomoya</i>. Masuda argues that "A house must first be positioned in its landscape". <i>Tanaka Takashi</i>, Masuda's disciple, applied the word "<i>utsusukoto</i>" to the phenomenon of dwelling, and aimed to open up the phenomenon of "<i>scenery</i>" from a new perspective that included the Oriental theory of the body and mind. In this context, Tanaka took up <i>Saito Mokichi</i> and others. </p><p> First in this paper, we would like to begin with the poetry of <i>Tachibana Akemi</i>, a Fukui poet lived at the end of the Edo period, about "dwelling" in own house. <i>Akemi</i> wrote 52 poems titled <i>Dokurakugin</i>, about the joy of living with his family. It can be said that the words in the poems capture the real scenery of the family's poor but peaceful life. We must not overlook the common thread between "dwelling" and "scenery". </p><p> Next, we would like to take up <i>Kaidouki</i>, author unknown, a travelogue of Kamakura period. Here, travel is defined as an act of leaving one's house, and returning to it. The author's view of dwelling could be outlined in his way of life, through the descriptions of the scenery he saw with his own eyes on the way, and the scenes of people's lives, as well as through <i>Kaidouki</i> that expresses self-referentiality in the extraordinary place of travel. Even in the midst of a travel, the author's thought of <i>Miyako</i> as his hometown, his home there, and his family, are a chain of scenery. </p><p> Then the third, take up the Haiku of <i>Inoue Seigetsu</i>, who wandered around <i>Shinano</i> at the end of the Edo period. He is said to have come from a samurai, but lost his family in a disaster. He eventually entered <i>Inadani</i> and stayed there for the rest of his life. It is thought that he is adrift not only in the spatial existence of own dwelling, but also in the temporal existence of his life. The word "wandering " is taken to mean the act of drifting away from one's dwelling, also of moving one's body and mind. So most of <i>Seigetsu's</i> poems are written from the outside of the house to the inside, and it can be said that he wrote about the scenery of the house as seen through shoji and windows. There are also a few poems that depict the inside of a house, which must have been a real scene that shows how much he appreciated his home that he could not have. </p><p> Three phenomena can be contrasted and placed into "housing/dwelling", "travelling/not-dwelling" and "wandering/non-dwelling". Although we usually consider only "dwelling", but we can point out that the depth of "dwelling" becomes clearer by taking up contrasting phenomena such as "travelling" and "wandering ". </p><p> In this paper, we clarify the multidimensional reality of "dwelling" from the perspective of architectural theories of three phenomena, "dwelling", "not-dwelling" and "non-dwelling" in order to comprehensively reveal some aspects of the scenery of dwelling. </p>
著者
三輪 伸春
出版者
鹿児島大学
雑誌
地域政策科学研究 (ISSN:13490699)
巻号頁・発行日
no.13, pp.67-100, 2016-03

本稿は,シェイクスピアを初例として,現代のイギリスの口語では日常的によく知られているgreen-eyed「嫉妬深い」という語を取り上げてその由来と成立を考察する。本来語のように見えるが,外来語に由来する語wall-eyed にシェイクスピアがgreen を加えて本来語らしく形成した語である。 語彙史の場合,英語の共時的側面と通時的側面,それに音声,語形,シンタックスという内的側面だけではなく,言語外的側面にも想定している以上に配慮しなければならない。言語の根幹をなす内的側面(ソシュールの「ラング」,サピアの「パタン」,記号論の「コード」)ばかりではなく,言語が生きて使われる側面(ソシュールの「パロール」,サピアの「スピーチ(speech)」,記号論の「メッセージ」)への考慮が不可欠である。新しく形成された語やもたらされた外来語は1語1語が英語の音声と形態という言語内的規則の干渉を受ける。そして,英語に取り入れられるか否かが決められる。さらに,歴史,文化,思想といった言語外的な人文科学のほとんどの分野の見地から英語の語彙として必要であると認められてはじめて英語に受け入れられる。特にシェイクスピアは,いわゆる学者ではないが英語の言語的特性を熟知していたこと,英語国民の歴史,文化,民族性にも通暁していたこと,芸術的才能に恵まれていたこと,語感に優れ,一般民衆により実際に生きて使われていた口語,方言の動的傾向を敏感に感じ取ることができる学匠詩人であった。そのために言語に関する思想家ともいえるシェイクスピアの造語した,あるいは導入した語は深遠な意味を持つことがある。green-eyed はその典型的な例である。その由来と成立を解明するためには徹底した文献学的な考察を必要とする。The adjective green-eyed, recorded in OED2 as first used by Shakespeare, is generally thought to be formed only by native elements. But no one has ever given sufficient explanation of the etymology of the word. This paper aims to insist, from a philological point of view, that we have to take into consideration an exhaustive knowledge concerning green-eyed in order to comprehend the meaning and nature of the word green-eyed: the historical knowledge of the Anglo-Saxons, political and social, and the composite interference and intermixture of ancient Germanic tribes. H. Bradley, one of the four co-editors of OED1, expounded thus: "It would be easy to give a somewhat long list of words, such as control (as a noun), credent, dwindle, (...), which were used by Shakespeare, and have not yet been found in any earlier writer. But such an enumeration would probably give a greatly exaggerated impression of the extent of Shakespeare's contribution to the vocabulary of English. The literature of his age has not been examined with sufficient minuteness to justify in any instance the assertion that a new word was first brought into literary use by him." (The Making of English, 1904, p.231)