著者

大森 慶太郎 大毛 宏喜

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.108, no.11, pp.2291-2296, 2019-11-10 (Released:2020-11-10)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

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低栄養状態になると,免疫機能の低下がみられ,易感染状態となる.開発途上国では,低栄養を背景とした感染症が小児の最大の死亡原因であり,腸管感染症,下気道感染,マラリア等による死亡を増加させる.一方,先進国においても,低栄養は稀ではなく,種々の基礎疾患,侵襲性疾患,高齢ならびに食生活の偏りにより,低栄養状態となり得る.栄養,免疫,感染症はそれぞれ関連しており,栄養状態の改善が感染症の発症予防や死亡リスクの軽減につながる.

著者

前田 陽一郎

出版者

日本知能情報ファジィ学会

雑誌

知能と情報 (ISSN:13477986)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.556-563, 2018-04-15 (Released:2018-04-15)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

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人工蜂コロニー(ABC)アルゴリズムは,蜜蜂の群れの採餌行動から着想を得た群知能アルゴリズムであり,実数値最適化を目的として開発された近似最適化手法である.ABCアルゴリズムは,最適化の対象となる問題の性質を問わず高い探索性能を持つことが検証されているが,いくつかの問題点が存在する.例として,個体の多様性を重視した探索を行うために,優良解に収束するまでに時間がかかりやすいという問題が存在する.近年,ABCアルゴリズムの改良手法に関する研究が盛んに行われており,他の進化的計算手法の考えを取り入れたハイブリッド手法が数多く提案されている.本研究では,実数値GAで用いられる交叉手法の1つである算術交叉をABCアルゴリズムの探索処理に組み込むことにより探索速度を向上させた改良手法である,算術交叉型ABCアルゴリズム(AC-ABC)と,遺伝的アルゴリズム(GA)の交叉,突然変異に用いられる確率的探索処理をABCアルゴリズムの変数選択部分に取り入れることにより,探索性能を高めた大域探索型ABCアルゴリズム(GS-ABC)を提案する.本手法の有効性を検証するため関数最適化シミュレーションを行ない,GS-ABCアルゴリズムは6種類のベンチマーク問題の全てで従来手法よりも高い性能を示すことが明らかとなった.

著者

Tomohiro TAKEBAYASHI Yui KOUKETSU Katsuyoshi MICHIBAYASHI

出版者

Japan Association of Mineralogical Sciences

雑誌

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences (ISSN:13456296)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.221219d, (Released:2023-07-28)

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Needle-shaped rutile inclusions occur in garnet within the quartz-eclogite at Mt. Gongen in the Sanbagawa belt, central Shikoku. They are approximately 5–25 µm along the long axis and are typically oriented along three directions, each intersecting at 120°. This indicates that the needle-shaped rutile is a lamella exsolved from the garnet. Garnet with needle-rutile inclusions is restricted to the quartz-poor domain of the quartz eclogite sample, which consist of quartz, garnet, omphacite, phengite, epidote, kyanite, and hornblende. Garnet grains with rutile lamellae show a composition of the almandine-pyrope series with 14–21 mol% grossular content. Rutile exsolution lamellae were concentrated in the range of 27–34 mol% pyrope of garnet crystals. The garnet host with rutile lamellae has a higher TiO2 content (TiO2 = 0.06–0.19 wt%) than those in rutile-free areas. These chemical compositional characteristics suggest that Ti was incorporated into the crystal structure during garnet growth and subsequently partially exsolved as rutile lamellae during the retrograde stage. Rutile lamellae in garnet have generally been regarded as indicators of ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism, but the present report from quartz-eclogite of the Sanbagawa belt, where no coesite has been found, provides evidence in a natural sample that the appearance of rutile exsolution lamellae is not necessarily under ultrahigh-pressure conditions.

著者

青木 孝平

出版者

経済理論学会

雑誌

季刊経済理論 (ISSN:18825184)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.4, pp.25-36, 2005-01-20 (Released:2017-04-25)

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Communitarianism is a social philosophy that M.J.Sandel, A.Maclntire, Ch.Taylor and others have advocated in England and America since the end of 20th century. It has severely opposed liberalism which is the main current of contemporary normative theory argued by J.Rowls. The aim of this paper is to reexamine the socalled Uno theory of economics which seems to have no connection with communitarianism, and to reveal that Uno theory is not only the methodology of scientific economics but also the text of social philosophy. At first, we try to extract the proper normative theory from Uno theory and show that it has a character similar to communitarianism. Moreover, the deductive logic developed by Uno is totally different from the historical materialism by Marx and also from the ideal dialectic by Hegel, or rather similar to socialism as a categorical imperative proposed by the neo-Kantianism. Secondly, we investigate the substance of normative theory included in Uno theory. As a result, in discussions about the theories of value form and of the fetishism considered by Uno, we find the same argument as communitarian's criticism against "the unencumbered-self" or "the self-ownership" liberalism premised. In the social contract theory, the subject is considered to construct the social relations, but in Uno theory, the relations construct the subject. Lastly, we think about the abolition of "the commodification of labor-power" and "the law of value". Thus we conclude that the purpose of Uno' theory is not a realization of freedom, equality and individuality, but a recovery of social collaborated relations. We are sure it is not besides the mark to discover a communitarian normative theory in Uno's political economy.

出版者

武道専門学校小男鹿句会

巻号頁・発行日

1940

著者

深井 佑造

出版者

社団法人 プラズマ・核融合学会

雑誌

核融合研究 (ISSN:04512375)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.4, pp.248-270, 1990-04-20 (Released:2011-03-04)

参考文献数

28

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It is presented to estimate yields of neutron and radioactive nucleus (7Be, 12B, 10C, 11C, 14C, 13N) per one p11B fusion reaction by the following 15 reactions : 11B (p, n) 11C, 11B (α, n) 14N, 11B (α, p) 14C, (α, n) of the structure material (SUS316) bombarded by α-particles, (γ, n) of the same and 11B (γ, n) 10B by 16MeV γ -ray of 11B (p, γ) 12C, 10B (p, n) 10C, 10B (α, n) 13N, 10B (p, γ) nc, 10B (p, α) 7Be, 11B (d, n) 12C, 11B (d, 2n) 11C, 11B (d, p) 12B, 10B (d, n) 11 10B (d, n) C and D (d, n) 3He, in the p11B fusion plasma with impurities of 10B and D. Result shows that the neutron yields by the other 7 reactions than11B (p, n) 11C, 11B (α, n) 14N, SUS316 (γ, n) and 11B (d, n) 12C can be neglected (< 10-7). Neutron yield and averaged energy by the above 4 main reactions are 2.27×10-3 and 2.49 MeV, and, 9.62×10-5 and 3.93 MeV from the plasma of Ti=300keV and Ti/Te=1, and Ti/Te=200, respectively.

著者

[鄭舜功著] 木村晟 [ほか] 編輯

出版者

棱伽林

巻号頁・発行日

1996

著者

瀧川 穣 松田 圭央 尾之内 誠基 戸倉 英之 平畑 忍 高橋 孝行 藤崎 眞人

出版者

日本腹部救急医学会

雑誌

日本腹部救急医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13402242)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.029-032, 2018-01-31 (Released:2018-09-21)

参考文献数

12

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症例は30歳女性,銃で撃たれ当院救命センターに搬送された。来院時意識は清明で循環動態は安定していた。左右上腕,左前胸部に貫通射創,右側胸部は盲管射創を認めた。CTで横行結腸近傍に銃弾と考えられる金属片が存在し,また右肺,肝臓,脾臓の損傷,消化管穿孔を疑う腹腔内遊離ガス像,腹腔内出血,右血気胸を認めた。緊急開腹術で横隔膜,肝,脾損傷を認め縫合止血,胃壁に挫創を認め穿孔部位と判断した。銃弾を検索したが不明で,術中腹部X線で確認できず,胸部X線を撮影すると下縦隔に銃弾を認めた。食道内の可能性を考慮し,内視鏡を施行すると下部食道に銃弾を確認でき,内視鏡で胃内に押し込み胃壁損傷部位より摘出した。今回われわれは,胸腹部銃創で術前には腹部に存在した銃弾が胸部食道内に移動した症例を経験した。消化管内の銃弾は手術操作などで容易に移動する可能性があり,X線の併用など工夫が必要と考えられた。

著者

中野 亮治 岩崎 信

出版者

東北大学大学院教育情報学研究部

雑誌

教育情報学研究 (ISSN:13481983)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2, pp.143-149, 2004-03

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素朴概念についてはこれまで様々な研究がされてきた。しかし,必ずしも実際の教育現場にその成果がうまく還元されていない。その要因の一つに,素朴概念の研究成果が教育現場で利用されやすい形になっていないことが挙げられる.もし,インターネットでアクセス可能で,容易に利用できる素朴概念に関するデータベースのようなものがあれば教育現場でも,素朴概念研究においても役立つ.今回,収集期間も短く,その範囲も手近にあるものに限られるが,データベース構築の一環として,その最初の収集リストを示す.リストの構成は素朴概念,キーワード,調査対象学年,研究内容,著者,参照文献の6つからなる.

著者

Taiichi Koseki Fujiyasu Kakizaki Shogo Hayashi Naoya Nishida Masahiro Itoh

出版者

The Society of Physical Therapy Science

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.1, pp.63-68, 2019 (Released:2019-01-10)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

35

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[Purpose] This study investigated the effect of forward head posture on upper and lower thoracic shape in adults to better understand the relationship between a forward head posture and respiratory function. [Participants and Methods] Fifteen healthy males were recruited after obtaining informed consent from all participants. All participants were instructed to respire in both the forward and neutral head postures while seated. Respiratory function was assessed using spirometry. Thoracic shape during respiration was assessed using 23 markers on both the upper and the lower thorax and compared between the 2 postures. [Results] Forced vital capacity, expiratory and inspiratory reserve volumes, forced expiratory volume at 1 second, and the peak flow rate observed with the forward head posture were significantly lower than that with the neutral head posture. The upper thorax showed a greater forward shift and the lower thorax showed a greater forward and inward shift with the forward head posture than with the neutral head posture. No significant difference in upper thoracic mobility was observed during respiration between the forward head posture and the neutral head posture. However, mobility of the lower thorax during respiration was significantly reduced with the forward head posture. [Conclusion] The forward head posture causes expansion of the upper thorax and contraction of the lower thorax, and these morphological changes cause decreased respiratory function.

著者

時事新報社 編

出版者

時事新報社

巻号頁・発行日

vol.昭和8年版, 1932

著者

田中完一編集

出版者

敦賀山友クラブ

巻号頁・発行日

2008

著者

松原 哲子

出版者

日本近世文学会

雑誌

近世文藝 (ISSN:03873412)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.117, pp.1-15, 2023 (Released:2023-07-31)

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As a result of analyzing the paper used in early-period “kusazōshi” and cheap late-period “kusazōshi”, I show that it is likely from the black pieces in the paper, the presence of fiber clusters, etc., that “kusazōshi” fundamentally used recycled paper for the main text paper from their outset. In addition, having found largish impurities originating from blades of the riceplant here and there in “kusazōshi” paper, I point to a supposition that blades of the rice plant were used as a material. Impurities originating from wastepaper and blades of the rice plant create irregularities in the condition of the printing. However, in the paper used for “kusazōshi” – far from being called good in quality - I was able to confirm the presence of rice starch granules. Rice starch granules were normally added to improve the quality of the printing, but their discovery in early-period “kusazōshi” and cheap late-period “kusazōshi” is in amounts too low to be effective. This was paper of a quality where impurities having a negative effect on the printing were not removed. Taking into consideration that fact, I recognized that these rice starch granules were not added, but somehow got incorporated during the paper-making process. As this shows, “kusazōshi” were born as ephemeral publications also from the aspect of paper quality, and continued to develop along those lines.

著者

細川 雄一郎

出版者

科学基礎論学会

雑誌

科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.15-34, 2019 (Released:2019-11-07)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

1

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By applying the extended system of modal logic developed in [32], we present a logical analysis of the Gettier problem. Based on the result, in particular, we clarify the following point. In the literature on the Gettier problem, most authors seem to share the opinion that in general ‘belief’ precedes ‘knowledge’: we believe a proposition while we do not necessarily believe ourselves to have known it to be true. Interestingly, our analysis suggests that the story is the other way round in a sense: in general, for some proposition p, we believe that we have known that p, then we believe that p. Accordingly, even if given some reason for wanting to believe that p, we usually do not have the bare belief that p. Instead, in such a situation, more deliberately we think that it might be that p, or it can be hypothesized that p. Then, we can say, what we have at the start is not the bare belief that p, but “might possibility” or “hypothetical possibility” that p, which presumably involves abductive reasoning.

著者

近角 聰信

出版者

一般社団法人 日本物理学会

雑誌

日本物理学会誌 (ISSN:00290181)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.3, pp.200-203, 1962-03-05 (Released:2021-04-08)

著者

根本 猛

出版者

静岡大学人文学部

雑誌

静岡大学法政研究 (ISSN:13422243)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.4, pp.47-67, 2005-02-28

著者

小泉 徳潔 西村 新

出版者

一般社団法人 日本原子力学会

雑誌

日本原子力学会誌 (ISSN:00047120)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.10, pp.703-709, 2005 (Released:2019-01-31)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

2

著者

向後 英紀

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, pp.20-36, 2005-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

23

著者

STOLプロジェクト推進本部エンジン技術開発室エンジン空中試験チーム

出版者

航空宇宙技術研究所

雑誌

航空宇宙技術研究所資料 = Technical Memorandum of National Aerospace Laboratory (ISSN:04522982)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.551, pp.162, 1985-12

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Airborne test of the FJR710/600S Engine installed on the JSDF C1 Aircraft as its Flying Test Bed Aircraft was executed with the active support of the Air Proving Wing and Gifu Air-base. The operational characteristics, functions and performances of the engine in conjunction with its coming installation on NAL STOL Research Aircraft were welldefined through 20 flight test sorties. Test items ranged over steady performance, acceleration/deceleration, air-bleeding, start/re-start, windmilling, engine response to aircraft maneuver and engine behavier in transient flight. The over-all operational characteristics and functions were proved to be satisfactory. One item requiring improvement was found in lubrication system behavior under low-G flying conditions. The performance test resultsshow good coincidence with predictions based on data acquired in the Altitude Test Cell.

著者

関口 敦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本真空学会

雑誌

Journal of the Vacuum Society of Japan (ISSN:18822398)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.7, pp.171-183, 2016 (Released:2016-07-16)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

4 4

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本講座は化学気相成長(CVD)法の基礎に関して解説する.欠陥の少ない結晶成長や良好な被覆特性など,CVD 法を使用すると他の成膜方法では実現できない特長を得ることができる.実際にこの特長を得るためには,化学反応過程を解析し所定のプロセス条件で実施することが必要となる.本講座では CVD の定義から,この反応解析の手法と各プロセスの詳細に関して解説する.