著者

Tohru Masuyama Takeshi Tsujino Hideki Origasa Kazuhiro Yamamoto Takashi Akasaka Yutaka Hirano Nobuyuki Ohte Takashi Daimon Satoshi Nakatani Hiroshi Ito

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.4, pp.833-842, 2012 (Released:2012-03-23)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

46 49

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Background: Diuretics are the most prescribed drug in heart failure (HF) patients. However, clinical evidence about their long-term effects is lacking. The purpose of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of furosemide and azosemide, a short- and long-acting loop diuretic, respectively, in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Methods and Results: In this multicenter, prospective, randomized, open, blinded endpoint trial, we compared the effects of azosemide and furosemide in patients with CHF and New York Heart Association class II or III symptoms. 320 patients (160 patients in each group, mean age 71 years) were followed up for a minimum of 2 years. The primary endpoint was a composite of cardiovascular death or unplanned admission to hospital for congestive HF. During a median follow-up of 35.2 months, the primary endpoint occurred in 23 patients in the azosemide group and in 34 patients in the furosemide group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.55, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32-0.95: P=0.03). Among the secondary endpoints, unplanned admission to hospital for congestive HF or a need for modification of the treatment for HF were also reduced in the azosemide group compared with the furosemide group (HR, 0.60, 95%CI 0.36-0.99: P=0.048). Conclusions: Azosemide, compared with furosemide, reduced the risk of cardiovascular death or unplanned admission to hospital for congestive HF. (Circ J 2012; 76: 833-842)

著者

櫻井 義秀

出版者

北海道大学文学研究科

雑誌

北海道大学文学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13460277)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.117, pp.109-157, 2005

著者

田村 哲樹

出版者

日本政治学会

雑誌

年報政治学 (ISSN:05494192)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.1, pp.1_37-1_60, 2015 (Released:2018-06-10)

参考文献数

37

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Scholars of politics have been familiar with normative-empirical distinction. Yet this article reconsiders this divide through exploring another classification in terms of the “observable” and the “unobservable”. According to this new classification, we can assume two types of politics research. Firstly, there are researches which are based on the positivist epistemology and, therefore, deal with the observable. In these cases, the cooperation between positivist, empirical analyses and the normative political philosophy focusing on moral values such as justice, equality and freedom would be feasible. Secondly, there are researches which are based on the non-positivist epistemologies including both interpretivism and realism, and, therefore, deal with the unobservable in some senses. In these cases, the cooperation between non-positivist empirical analyses and the “politics-political” political theory focusing on topics about the nature and the role of politics and the political would be feasible. Consequently, this article contends that we can rethink the existing distinction between the normative and the empirical in political science; the distance either between normative political philosophy and “politics-political” political theory or between positivist empirical analysis and non-positivist one might be farther than what is ordinarily drawn between normative political theory and empirical analysis.

著者

徐 和子

出版者

東京都立大学教育学研究室

雑誌

教育科学研究 (ISSN:02897121)

巻号頁・発行日

no.9, pp.1-13, 1990-07-01

出版者

東京府

巻号頁・発行日

vol.明治37年, 1912

著者

一勇斎国芳

出版者

小嶋

雑誌

東海道五十三對

著者

山本 圭

出版者

日本政治学会

雑誌

年報政治学 (ISSN:05494192)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.2, pp.2_267-2_287, 2012 (Released:2016-02-24)

参考文献数

39

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This paper aims to re - think the relationship between populism and democracy, and clarify that populism can hold some advantages for democratic societies. In order to do this I shall, first of all, make a survey of some arguments that have dealt with this relationship, and show that they face a difficult antinomy. I will then argue that the primary reason for this dilemma resides in “two strand theory” in the concept of modern democracy.   Secondly, this paper focuses on theories of “radical democracy” to indicate how and why recent democratic theories move closer to populism. After reviewing some representative theories of radical democracy, I shall pick up Ernesto Laclau's political theory on populism, as his thought provides an appropriate example of the encounter between democracy and populism. Finally, through these considerations, I will attempt to clarify “the democratic utilities of populism.”

著者

中村 尚史 高島 正憲 中林 真幸

出版者

国立大学法人 東京大学社会科学研究所

雑誌

社会科学研究 (ISSN:03873307)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.2, pp.27-53, 2021-03-31 (Released:2021-05-13)

著者

今井 宏平 イマイ コウヘイ Kohei Imai

雑誌

立教アメリカン・スタディーズ = Rikkyo American studies

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, pp.123-138, 2018

出版者

内務省地理局

巻号頁・発行日

vol.巻之25 葛飾郡之6,巻之26 葛飾郡之7,巻之27 葛飾郡之8,巻之28 葛飾郡之9,巻之29 葛飾郡之10,巻之30 葛飾郡, 1884

著者

伊藤 順之介[発表者] 毛利 嘉孝[コメンテーター] 陣野 俊史[司会] イトウ ジュンノスケ Junnosuke Ito

雑誌

境界を越えて : 比較文明学の現在

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, pp.151-171, 2022-02

著者

吉村 大輔 吉村 理江 水谷 孝弘

出版者

一般社団法人 日本消化器内視鏡学会

雑誌

日本消化器内視鏡学会雑誌 (ISSN:03871207)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.5, pp.469-477, 2023 (Released:2023-05-22)

参考文献数

27

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Helicobacter pylori(Hp)の感染率の低下を反映し従来稀とされたHp未感染胃癌の増加が報告されている.自験例の解析ではHp未感染胃癌は(1)噴門部(食道胃接合部)腺癌,(2)胃底腺領域とくにU,M領域に好発する胃型形質の低異型度腺癌,(3)胃角前庭部の胃底腺と幽門腺境界領域に好発する印環細胞癌,(4)幽門腺領域に好発ししばしば腸型形質を呈する分化型腺癌,に分類可能であった.噴門部腺癌の多くが進行癌であったのに対して,その他の領域は大部分がESDによる治療が可能であった早期癌で,その進行が緩徐である可能性も示唆された.Hp未感染胃においては部位,腺領域ごとの癌の好発部位と形態および組織型の特徴をふまえた観察が効率的と考える.

著者

Takashi Muramatsu Shinichiro Masuda Nozomi Kotoku Ken Kozuma Hideyuki Kawashima Yuki Ishibashi Gaku Nakazawa Kuniaki Takahashi Takayuki Okamura Yosuke Miyazaki Hiroki Tateishi Masato Nakamura Norihiro Kogame Taku Asano Shimpei Nakatani Yoshihiro Morino Yuki Katagiri Kai Ninomiya Shigetaka Kageyama Hiroshi Takahashi Scot Garg Shengxian Tu Kengo Tanabe Yukio Ozaki Patrick W. Serruys Yoshinobu Onuma

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-23-0051, (Released:2023-03-11)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

6

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Background: P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy without aspirin immediately after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not been tested in East Asian patients, so in this study we aimed to assess the safety and feasibility of reduced dose (3.75 mg/day) prasugrel monotherapy in Japanese patients presenting with chronic coronary syndrome (CCS).Methods and Results: ASET-JAPAN is a prospective, multicenter, single-arm pilot study that completed enrolment of 206 patients from 12 Japanese centers in September 2022. Patients with native de-novo coronary lesions and a SYNTAX score <23 were treated exclusively with biodegradable-polymer platinum-chromium everolimus-eluting stent(s). Patients were loaded with standard dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) and following successful PCI and optimal stent deployment, they received low-dose prasugrel (3.75 mg/day) monotherapy for 3 months. The primary ischemic endpoint was a composite of cardiac death, spontaneous target-vessel myocardial infarction, or definite stent thrombosis. The primary bleeding endpoint was Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) type 3 or 5. At 3-month follow-up, there were no primary bleeding or ischemic events, or any stent thrombosis.Conclusions: This pilot study showed the safety and feasibility of prasugrel monotherapy in selected low-risk Japanese patients with CCS. This “aspirin-free” strategy may be a safe alternative to traditional DAPT following PCI.

著者

松里 公孝

出版者

ロシア・東欧学会

雑誌

ロシア・東欧研究 (ISSN:13486497)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2022, no.51, pp.1-20, 2022 (Released:2023-04-21)

参考文献数

30

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This paper investigates the endeavors to solve the Donbas Conflict typologically. The first and most consistent policy was the Minsk Accord belonging to the category of federalization. As has been the case with other post-Soviet secession conflicts, federalization was a hopeless policy, which produced serious commitment problems, while contradicting the real interests of both the parent state (Ukraine) and the secession polities (the DPR and LPR). In the context of the Donbas War none proposed the second type of solution, that is, land-for-peace. Ineffective diplomatic endeavors induced both Ukraine, Russia, and the DPR/LPR to solve the situation in a military way. Azerbaijan’s victory in the Second Karabakh War in 2020 disposed Ukraine for a coercive solution of the Donbas problem (the reconquest policy). The Russian political and military leadership split into two groups: one supporting the policy to make the secession polities (the DPR and LPR) Russia’s protectorates and another supporting the policy to destroy the parent state (Ukraine). The unsatisfactory results of Russia’s choice in 2008 of the protectorate policy vis-à-vis South Ossetia and Abkhazia and underestimation of Kyiv’s defense capacity made the Russian leaders opt for the destruction of Ukraine itself.

著者

近藤瓶城 編

出版者

近藤出版部

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, 1926

著者

伊藤 知子 上野 龍司

出版者

日本調理科学会

雑誌

日本調理科学会大会研究発表要旨集 平成24年度日本調理科学会大会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.113, 2012 (Released:2012-09-24)

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【目的】計量は調理の基本操作であり、特に塩分制限食など治療食の調理において計量操作の持つ意味は大きい。家庭においては、計量には計量カップ、計量スプーンなど、容積を測定する器具が用いられることが多いと考えられるが、市販されているそれらの形状は様々であり、精度についても不明である。これらは計量法で定められている「ます」ではないため検定検査の対象とはならないが、その測定値について一定以上の再現性は必要である。本研究では計量スプーンに着目し、形状の異なる計量スプーンの精度の比較を行った。【方法】計量スプーン(大さじおよび小さじ)12種について、その長径、短径、深さを測定した。これらの計量スプーンを用いて、水、小麦粉、塩、サラダ油等を測り取り、その重量を測定し、比較した。さらに「標準計量カップ・スプーンによる重量表(g)」(以下、重量表)の値との比較を行った。【結果】最初に大学生12名を被験者とし、2種類の計量スプーンを用いて、水・小麦粉を測りとってもらい、その重量を測定した。大さじを用いて測定した場合に有意差が見られた。次に計量スプーン12種を用いて様々な試料を測り取って重量を測定したところ、その値は有意に異なることが明らかとなった。特に半径(短径)よりも深さの値が小さい浅型の計量スプーンの測定値は、重量表の値の80%未満であった。浅型のものを除いた8種の計量スプーンの測定値を比較したところ、粒形状の試料よりも液状の試料の方が測定値のばらつきが大きかった。家庭における少人数用の治療食の調理や、味の再現性を重視する場合においては、少量の調味料の計量における計量誤差を小さくする計量方法の習得が必要であると考えられる。

著者

齋田 哲也 藤戸 博

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.7, pp.693-699, 2006-07-10 (Released:2007-11-09)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

4 3

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Furanocoumarin derivatives such as bergamottin and 6',7'-dihydroxybergamottin are inhibitors of CYP3A4 and have been isolated from grapefruit juice. We developed a sensitive and specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for these furanocoumarin derivatives and used it for screening a large number of citrus fruits, vegetables and crude drugs for them. On testing the juice and peel of 25 citrus fruits, significant reactivity was observed with the juice of 4 of them : sweetie, melogold, banpeiyu pummelo and red pummelo and in the case of peel, significant reactivity was observed for 4 fruits : sweetie, melogold, sour pummelo and natsudaidai. For most of the citrus fruits, the peel showed a stronger reaction than the juice. Seven vegetables were tested and only slight reactivity was observed for 4 of them : parsley, celery, Italian parsley and mitsuba. Among the twenty crude drugs tested, significant reactivity was observed for 2 : angelica dahurica root (byakushi) and bitter orange peel (touhi). These findings suggest that 4 of the citrus fruits and 2 of the crude drugs tested would exhibit strong drug interactions.

著者

山川均 述

出版者

有楽社

巻号頁・発行日

1908

著者

警視庁史編さん委員会編集

出版者

警視庁史編さん委員会

巻号頁・発行日

1978

著者

野口 勝三

出版者

大阪経済法科大学アジア太平洋研究センター

雑誌

アジア太平洋レビュー = Asia Pacific Review (ISSN:13497278)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2, pp.27-38, 2005-09-30