著者

Tatsuhito II James K CHAMBERS Ko NAKASHIMA Yuko GOTO-KOSHINO Kazuyuki UCHIDA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.23-0339, (Released:2023-12-08)

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Our previous study indicated that cytotoxicity of intraepithelial lymphocytes is a poor prognostic factor in feline intestinal T-cell lymphoma (FITL), but the effect of cytotoxic lymphocytes on mucosal epithelium is still unknown. Thus, we investigated the association between cytotoxic lymphocytes and mucosal epithelium in 71 cases of feline intestinal T-cell lymphoma (FITL): epithelial injury, basement membrane injury, cleaved-caspase-3 positivity of epithelial cells, and the number and Ki67 positivity of intraepithelial lymphocytes in granzyme B (GRB)+ and GRB- FITLs were evaluated. Epithelial injury score and the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes in granzyme B (GRB)+ FITL were significantly higher than those of GRB- FITL (P<0.05, P<0.05), but no significant differences were found in the basement membrane injury score, the percentage of cleaved-caspase-3+ epithelial cells, and the percentage of Ki67+ intraepithelial lymphocytes. There was a significant correlation between the epithelial injury score and the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes (P<0.05), but no significant correlation was observed between the epithelial injury score and Ki67+ percentage of intraepithelial lymphocytes. Because epithelial cell cleaved-caspase-3 positivity was observed in FITL, regardless of GRB expression in lymphocytes, GRB-mediated apoptosis may not contribute to epithelial injury in FITL. The association between increased number of intraepithelial lymphocytes and epithelial injury suggests that intraepithelial lymphocytes infiltration may contribute to epithelial injury in FITL.

著者

Hidetaka NISHIDA Riku KAKIMOTO Shunsuke NOGUCHI Ryoji KANEGI Shunsuke SHIMAMURA Toshiyuki TANAKA Tamiko FUMIMOTO Kento NISHIBATA Hidemasa FUJIWARA Hideo AKIYOSHI

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.23-0370, (Released:2023-12-11)

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A 5-year-old neutered female mixed cat presented with reduced activity and ataxia of the hind limbs. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed an extradural mass compressing the spinal cord on the dorsal aspects from the 7th to 8th thoracic vertebra. Dorsal laminectomy was performed on the 7–8th thoracic vertebra and the cyst was totally removed, giving full resolution of the clinical signs. The cyst was diagnosed as a dermoid cyst. To our knowledge, this is the first report of feline dermoid cyst compressing the spinal cord that was diagnosed antemortem. The prognosis is favorable when the cyst is completely resected.

著者

高橋 功

出版者

一般社団法人 日本在宅救急医学会

雑誌

日本在宅救急医学会誌 (ISSN:2436066X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.1, pp.12-16, 2023-10-31 (Released:2023-12-02)

参考文献数

11

著者

中村 基一 河本 大地 相生 真志 吉田 寛

出版者

奈良教育大学ESD・SDGsセンター

雑誌

ESD・SDGsセンター研究紀要 = Bulletin of Center for ESD and SDGs (ISSN:27585948)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1, pp.97-102, 2023-03-31

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吉野林業は日本有数の木の産地として知名度が非常に高いが、原料供給の川上部分だけがクローズアップされ、 原木市場などの流通や製材業、木材製品の流通・販売業者などの川中部分に着目されることは少ない。そこで、本実践 においては黒滝村における川中の分野を取り上げる。原木を加工して、付加価値を加えていく過程を生徒に体験させた り、現地の人々の話を聞いたりすることで、地域教材として作り上げることができると考える。また、コロナ禍の影響 やウクライナ情勢、持続可能な社会を創るためにも、国産材に注目が集まっている。経済性を重視するあまり、安い外国産材や大規模工場での加工などに偏り、地域から持続可能な産業が消滅しつつある。そうした課題を克服し、今後も森の資源をさらに活用するためにはどのように行動すればよいか、考えさせたい。

著者

荒木 徹

出版者

一般社団法人 日本泌尿器科学会

雑誌

日本泌尿器科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, no.2, pp.394, 2002-02-20 (Released:2017-04-06)

著者

Takato Hara Reina Kumagai Tohru Tanaka Tsuyoshi Nakano Tomoya Fujie Yasuyuki Fujiwara Chika Yamamoto Toshiyuki Kaji

出版者

The Japanese Society of Toxicology

雑誌

The Journal of Toxicological Sciences (ISSN:03881350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.12, pp.655-663, 2023 (Released:2023-12-01)

参考文献数

39

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Vascular endothelial cell growth is essential for the repair of intimal injury. Perlecan, a large heparan sulfate proteoglycan, intensifies fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) signaling as a co-receptor for FGF-2 and its receptor, and promotes the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells. Previously, we reported that 2 µM of lead, a toxic heavy metal, downregulated perlecan core protein expression and then suppressed the growth of vascular endothelial cells. However, since the mechanisms involved in the repression of perlecan by lead remains unclear, we analyzed its detailed signaling pathway using cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells. Our findings indicate that 2 µM of lead inhibited protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) activity and induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) via phosphorylation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and its downstream extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2). In addition, among the prostanoids regulated by COX-2, prostaglandin I2 (PGI2) specifically contributes to the downregulation of perlecan expression by lead. This study revealed an intracellular pathway—the EGFR-ERK1/2-COX-2-PGI2 pathway activated by inhibition of PTP by lead—as a pathway that downregulates endothelial perlecan synthesis. The pathway is suggested to serve as a mechanism for the repression of perlecan expression, which leads to a delay in cell proliferation by lead.

著者

鳥羽 耕史

出版者

日本文学協会

雑誌

日本文学 (ISSN:03869903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.11, pp.14-26, 2010-11-10 (Released:2017-08-01)

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一九六〇年代の小松左京は、SFやルポルタージュや評論によって、「日本」を探究したが、その結論は意外にも古き良き故郷であり、開発を望むものではなかった。『日本沈没』も田中角栄『日本列島改造論』への批判として書かれ、沈没する日本は古代に遡行したものとなっていた。この小説は現在に至るまでマンガ、ラジオドラマ、映画、テレビドラマなど、様々なメディア向けに脚色され続けているが、その流れを追っていくと、サブカルチャーを介した日本回帰という「J回帰」の特徴が出ていることがわかる。

著者

中島 篤巳

出版者

国際忍者学会

雑誌

忍者研究 (ISSN:24338990)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2021, no.4, pp.37-44, 2021 (Released:2022-09-02)

著者

平井 俊顕

出版者

The Japanese Society for the History of Economic Thought

雑誌

経済学史学会年報 (ISSN:04534786)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.42, pp.18-31, 2002 (Released:2010-08-05)

参考文献数

35

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The purpose of this paper is to examine Keynes as a philosopher in view of the relation among A Treatise on Probability (1921), Ramsey's criticism (1926), Keynes' acceptance of Ramsey's criticism (1931), “My Early Beliefs” (1938), and Keynes' criticism of Tinbergen (1939).The conclusion is as follows:(1) In his youth, Keynes firmly believed in human rationality, as described in his philosophical work, A Treatise on Probability and his memoir, “MyEarly Beliefs.” However, in the midst of the chaos of post-WW 1 Europe he became more and more skeptical of human rationality and showed a greater awareness of the emotional aspect of human nature, which is typically shown in his criticism of the market society and his advocacy of the New Liberalism in The End of Laissez-Faire (1926). As the years went by, Keynes' skepticism became deeper and deeper and came to stress the importance of custom and tradition, while he came to revalue the market society in face of the realities of the Soviet society.(2) Keynes abandoned the most essential part of his A Treatise on Probability, which regards probability as degrees of rational belief between propositions, and the justification of induction based on it, in the face of Ramsey's criticism. This is evidently recognizable in his obituary of Ramsey and “My Early Beliefs”. However, he did not abandon his theory of probability completely, which is shown in his critical review of Tinbergen (1939). In Part V (The Foundations of Statistical Inference) of A Treatise on Probability, Keynes had criticized the mathematical use of statistical frequencies (Methods of Laplace) and defended the inductive use of them (Methods of Lexis). Keynes' criticism of Tinbergen's method is mainly based on this stance. We have Keynes who accepted Ramsey's criticism on the one hand, and retained the Methods of Lexis on the other. A logical fissure seems to run between Part III (Induction and Analogy) and Part V.

著者

柴田 陽弘

出版者

ゲーテ自然科学の集い

雑誌

モルフォロギア: ゲーテと自然科学 (ISSN:0286133X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1993, no.15, pp.36-45, 1993-11-03 (Released:2010-02-26)

参考文献数

28

著者

箱﨑 太誠 村田 祐樹 﨑濱 星耶 大見 卓司

出版者

一般社団法人 日本アスレティックトレーニング学会

雑誌

日本アスレティックトレーニング学会誌 (ISSN:24326623)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.1, pp.1-10, 2023-10-31 (Released:2023-11-07)

参考文献数

20

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本研究は,コンタクトスポーツを行う大学クラブを対象に,頭部外傷の安全管理対策への取り組みの実態と障壁を把握することを目的に質問紙調査を行った.その結果,頭部外傷発生時における対応に関する質問項目は実施率が高く,重症頭頚部外傷に備えた搬送方法の練習,脳振盪を評価するツールのベースライン評価および脳のメディカルチェックなど頭部外傷発生時に備えた事前準備に関する質問項目は実施率が低いことが確認された.

著者

田中 惣治 山本 澄子

出版者

バイオメカニズム学会

雑誌

バイオメカニズム (ISSN:13487116)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, pp.107-117, 2016 (Released:2017-08-01)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

9 2

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麻痺側立脚期の膝関節の動きにより片麻痺者の歩行パターンを分類し, 歩行パターンの違いにより歩行時の下肢筋活動と運動力学的特徴が異なるか, 三次元動作分析装置と表面筋電計を用いて分析した. 回復期片麻痺者35名を対象とし, 歩行時の膝関節と下腿傾斜角度から, 健常者の膝の動きと近い健常膝群 (15名), 荷重応答期と単脚支持期にそれぞれ膝関節が伸展する初期膝伸展群 (5名) と中期膝伸展群 (15名) に分類した. 結果, 健常膝群は荷重応答期で腓腹筋の筋活動を抑えながら前脛骨筋が働くため十分な背屈モーメントを発揮し, 踵ロッカーが機能した. 中期膝伸展群は荷重応答期で腓腹筋の筋活動が大きいため背屈モーメントが十分に発揮されず, 踵ロッカー機能が低下しており, 初期膝伸展群は荷重応答期で前脛骨筋の筋活動が小さく背屈モーメントが発揮されないことから, 踵ロッカーが機能しないことが明らかになった.

著者

和田山 正 高邉 賢史

出版者

一般社団法人 電子情報通信学会

雑誌

電子情報通信学会 基礎・境界ソサイエティ Fundamentals Review (ISSN:18820875)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.1, pp.60-72, 2020-07-01 (Released:2020-07-01)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

3 4

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深層学習技術は,深層ニューラルネットワークの学習に利用できるだけではなく,入出力を伴う “微分可能な反復型アルゴリズム” の内部パラメータ最適化に適用可能である.従前から知られている優れた反復型アルゴリズムを基礎として,その内部に学習可能パラメータを埋め込むことで,データに基づく学習可能性をもつ柔軟な派生アルゴリズムを構成できる.このアプローチを深層展開と呼ぶ.本稿では,線形逆問題の一つであるスパース信号再現における再現アルゴリズムを中心として,深層展開の概要とその特徴を紹介する.本稿の前半では,深層展開により導かれるスパース信号再現アルゴリズムの実例(TISTA)を紹介するとともに,深層学習に基づいて構成されたアルゴリズムで見られる収束加速について解説する.本稿の後半では,収束加速の要因となる学習後パラメータに関する理論的成果(チェビシェフステップに基づくスペクトル半径制御)について概説する.そこでは,なぜ深層展開が収束加速を与えるのか,という問いに対する一つの回答が与えられる.

著者

葉 倩瑋

出版者

公益社団法人 東京地学協会

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.121, no.5, pp.841-855, 2012-10-25 (Released:2012-12-05)

参考文献数

83

被引用文献数

1 1

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In Taiwan, geographical research, especially human geography reflects contemporary political and social changes. This paper examines the transformation of geographical research under a period of social and political changes in Taiwan. After the Japanese colonization ended in 1945, The Republic of China, led by the Kuo Ming Tang (KMT, Nationalist Party) became the new ruler of Taiwan. In 1949, the KMT moved its government to Taiwan and placed martial law. Until martial law was lifted in 1987, Taiwanese society experienced political turmoil, and the academic environment was also affected. The history of geographical research in Taiwan began in 1946, when the first geography department was established at National Taiwan Normal University (NTNU), a university that specialized in training high-school teachers. Geography came under the Department of History and Geography until 1962, when an independent Department of Geography was established. The initial mission of the department was to cultivate patriotism and loyalty to the government. The second department was founded at the National Taiwan University (NTU) in 1955 with the meteorology division under the Faculty of Science. The third department of geography was established in 1963 at a private university, Chinese Culture University, and was affiliated with the university's Faculty of Science. Two other departments were established at Changhua University of Education and Kaohsiung University of Education in the 1990s. The fact that these departments were affiliated with the Faculty of Science shaped the initial characteristics of geographical research, which emphasized the physical sciences. This bias was also rooted in the Japanese colonial period (1895-1945), because the only Japanese geographer at that time, Tomita Yoshiro, specialized in geomorphology. After Japanese colonization, those geographers who had gained advanced degrees in Japan considerable influence on research in this field. They brought the prevailing Japanese methodology of geography, particularly of geomorphology, climatology, and regional/settlement geography. This methodology was characterized by detailed ethnographic field investigation. Due to this institutional background, during the early stage of the development of geography in Taiwan physical geography was predominant, while human geography was studied only as a part of regional and industrial geography. The political situation intensified this tendency in academia; themes related to political and social issues were avoided in academic research.View PDF for the rest of the abstract.

著者

安井 教浩

出版者

日本ユダヤ学会

雑誌

ユダヤ・イスラエル研究 (ISSN:09162984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.64, 2013 (Released:2020-09-16)

著者

成田 年 鈴木 雅美 成田 道子 新倉 慶一 島村 昌弘 葛巻 直子 矢島 義識 鈴木 勉

出版者

Japan Society of Pain Clinicians

雑誌

日本ペインクリニック学会誌 (ISSN:13404903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.4, pp.397-405, 2004-10-25 (Released:2009-12-21)

参考文献数

30

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神経因性疼痛下ではモルヒネに対する鎮痛作用の感受性が低下することが知られているが, その詳細な分子機構はほとんど解明されていない. 本稿では, 神経因性疼痛下におけるモルヒネの鎮痛作用の感受性低下と神経因性疼痛を含めた慢性疼痛下におけるモルヒネの精神依存形成抑制の分子機構について検討した結果を紹介する. 坐骨神経結紮により, 脊髄後角において protein kinase C (PKC) および脳由来神経栄養因子 (brain-derived neurotrophic factor: BDNF) の免疫活性の増大およびアストロサイトの著しい形態変化が観察された. また, このような変化は非疼痛下でモルヒネを慢性処置することによりモルヒネの鎮痛耐性が形成された動物の脊髄においても認められたことから, こうした変化は神経因性疼痛下におけるモルヒネの鎮痛作用減弱の一因である可能性が示唆された. また, 神経因性疼痛下では, モルヒネの精神依存形成が著明に抑制されることを確認した. さらに, 神経因性疼痛下では, 腹側被蓋野においてγ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) 含有神経上に存在するμオピオイド受容体の機能低下が引き起こされること, また, ドパミン神経上における extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 活性の著明な減弱が引き起こされることが明らかとなった. 一方, ホルマリンの足蹠皮下投与による炎症性疼痛モデルにおいても, モルヒネの精神依存形成は有意に抑制された. この現象は, κオピオイド受容体拮抗薬の前処置によりほぼ完全に消失した. これらのことから, 神経因性疼痛下においては, 腹側被蓋野におけるμオピオイド受容体の機能およびERK活性の低下が, また, 炎症性疼痛下では, 内因性κオピオイド神経系の活性化が主因となり, モルヒネの精神依存形成が抑制されたと考えられる.

著者

大橋 恵 井梅 由美子 藤後 悦子 川田 裕次郎

出版者

日本コミュニティ心理学会

雑誌

コミュニティ心理学研究 (ISSN:13428691)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.226-242, 2017-02-28 (Released:2019-04-05)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

2

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Community sports clubs can provide children with adequate opportunities to exercise. However, researchers have indicated certain problems faced by such clubs, which are volunteer associations. The present study conducted an internet based survey and inquired coaches in community sport clubs (N=150) about their work as coaches, about the equipment they use, and about the problems they had faced, among others. Results indicated that coaches usually worked voluntarily, that they attempted to communicate positively with children, and maintained the security of children. On the other hand they had difficulties in maintaining appropriate relationships with parents, in dealing with children having difficult personalities, and in dealing with children that are not serious about playing sports. Although the voices of coaches in community sports clubs were greatly identified, there were certain limitations to the study. Because of the small sample size, we cannot compare responses between different kinds of sports and different goals coaches and parents have.

著者

Thiparpa THAMAMONGOOD Shoko HARA Hiroyuki AKAGAWA Motoki INAJI Yoji TANAKA Tadashi NARIAI Taketoshi MAEHARA

出版者

The Japan Neurosurgical Society

雑誌

Neurologia medico-chirurgica (ISSN:04708105)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2023-0169, (Released:2023-12-06)

参考文献数

25

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Recently, thyroid autoantibodies were found to be associated with moyamoya disease (MMD). The ring finger protein 213 (RNF213) p.R4810K variant represents the most important susceptibility genotype of this disease, but its relationship with thyroid autoantibodies remains to be elucidated. Thus, in this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical relevance of thyroid autoantibodies in each RNF213 genotype in patients with MMD. Included in this study were patients with MMD without a thyroid disease history and in euthyroid status; they were then classified into the mutated or nonmutated based on the RNF213 p.R4810K genotype and positive or negative based on thyroid autoantibody (thyroperoxidase and thyroglobulin) levels. Clinical data of each group were thereafter evaluated. Among the 209 patients, the mutated RNF213 p.R4810K variant and positive thyroid autoantibodies were detected in 155 and 41 patients, respectively. Positive thyroid autoantibodies were found to be more common in the nonmutated patients than in the mutated patients (31.5% vs. 15.5%; P = 0.011). In the mutated patients, as compared to autoantibody-negative patients, autoantibody-positive patients were determined to be more likely to have advanced disease with posterior cerebral artery involvement (54.2% vs. 29.0%; P = 0.017), white matter infarction (58.3% vs. 37.6%; P = 0.046), and a higher modified Rankin Scale at last visit (16.7% vs. 3.1%; P = 0.021). These results suggest that thyroid autoantibodies can act as an immunity inducer in patients with MMD lacking the susceptibility gene RNF213 p.R4810K variant. Moreover, the simultaneous presence of thyroid autoantibodies and the variant seems to aggravate the disease, which indicates synergy between thyroid autoantibodies and the variant.

著者

梅原 徹

出版者

日本植物分類学会

雑誌

植物地理・分類研究 (ISSN:03886212)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.1, pp.9, 2021 (Released:2021-12-27)