著者

Yusuke Kamiya Kentaro Handa Tomonori Miura Junya Ohori Airi Kato Makiko Shimizu Masato Kitajima Hiroshi Yamazaki

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.b21-00769, (Released:2021-11-02)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

13

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Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling has the potential to play significant roles in estimating internal chemical exposures. The three major PBPK model input parameters (i.e., absorption rate constants, volumes of the systemic circulation, and hepatic intrinsic clearances) were generated in silico for 212 chemicals using machine learning algorithms. These input parameters were calculated based on sets of between 17 and 65 chemical properties that were generated by in silico prediction tools before being processed by machine learning algorithms. The resulting simplified PBPK models were used to estimate plasma concentrations after virtual oral administrations in humans. The estimated absorption rate constants, volumes of the systemic circulation, and hepatic intrinsic clearance values for the 212 test compounds determined traditionally (i.e., based on fitting to measured concentration profiles) and newly estimated had correlation coefficients of 0.65, 0.68, and 0.77 (p < 0.01, n = 212), respectively. When human plasma concentrations were modeled using traditionally determined input parameters and again using in silico estimated input parameters, the two sets of maximum plasma concentrations (r = 0.85, p < 0.01, n = 212) and areas under the curve (r = 0.80, p < 0.01, n = 212) were correlated. Virtual chemical exposure levels in liver and kidney were also estimated using these simplified PBPK models along with human plasma levels. These results indicate that the PBPK model input parameters for humans of a diverse set of compounds can be reliability estimated using chemical descriptors calculated using in silico tools.

著者

綾村 宏 あやむら ひろし Ayamura Hiroshi 杉山 洋 すぎやま ひろし Sugiyama Hiroshi 千田 剛道 ちだ たけみち Chida Takemichi 岩永 省三 いわなが しょうぞう Iwanaga Shozo 粉川 昭平 こかわ しょうへい

出版者

奈良国立文化財研究所

雑誌

奈良国立文化財研究所学報

巻号頁・発行日

no.44, pp.36-85, 1986-03-30

著者

田知本 寛 的場 香織 森 琢磨 西山 由梨佳 伊藤 亮 西野 多聞 田嶼 朝子 加藤 陽子 玉置 尚史 伊藤 文之 タチモト ヒロシ マトバ カオリ モリ タクマ ニシヤマ ユリカ イトウ アキラ ニシノ タモン タジマ アサコ カトウ ヨウコ タマキ ヒサシ イトウ フミユキ Tachimoto Hiroshi Matoba Kaori Mori Takuma Nishiyama Yurika Ito Akira Nishino Tamon Tajima Asako Kato Yoko Tamaki Hisashi Ito Fumiyuki

雑誌

東京慈恵会医科大学雑誌 = Tokyo Jikeikai Medical Journal (ISSN:03759172)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.123, no.6, pp.375, 2008-11-15

著者

松崎 寛 Hiroshi MATSUZAKI

出版者

東北大学文学部日本語学科

雑誌

東北大学文学部日本語学科論集 = Journal of the Department of Japanese, Tohoku University (ISSN:09174036)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.85-96, 1995-09-30

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本稿では、従来の日本語教科書におけるプロソディーの諸要素の表示方法を調査し、それらの問題点を踏まえて改良した新教材、「プロソディーグラフ」を提案する。これは、音声分析機器を用いて日本語話者の発話のF0曲線をわかりやすく視覚化したもので、これにより、アクセント、イントネーション、リズムなどを総合的に理解させられる。この教材を用いて韓国人日本語学習者を指導し、効果を測定した。その結果、アクセント核やイントネーション符号を付与するだけの方法に比べ、本方式では発音に向上が見られた。

著者

Tatsuhiko Hirao Yasuteru Yamauchi Rena Nakamura Takatoshi Shigeta Hiroshi Yoshida Shinichi Tachibana Atsuhito Oda Aki Ito Mitsutoshi Asano Hidetoshi Suzuki Tsukasa Shimura Manabu Kurabayashi Masahiko Goya Kaoru Okishige Tetsuo Sasano

出版者

International Heart Journal Association

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.320-328, 2021-03-30 (Released:2021-03-30)

参考文献数

24

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Second-generation cryoballoon (CB) ablation is effective in achieving pulmonary vein (PV) isolation (PVI) in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients. The "crosstalk" (CST) phenomenon has been reported to reduce unnecessary applications during CB ablation. Nevertheless, it is unclear under what conditions the CST phenomenon occurs.To seek the predictors of the CST phenomenon during CB-guided PVI, CST phenomenon in achieving ipsilateral superior PVI during inferior PV ablation was analyzed in AF patients who underwent de novo ablation using CB. CB occlusion status and nadir balloon temperature (NT) were compared in these patients, and all ablated superior PVs were categorized into three groups according to the necessity of the touch up ablation and effectiveness of the phenomenon.Of 1082 superior PVs, 16, 40, and 1026 were classified into the CST success, CST failure, and control groups (unnecessary CST), respectively. The proportion of superior PVs ablated with complete occlusion using the CB was significantly higher in the CST success group than in the other two groups. The proportion of superior PVs ablated with NT ≤ −46°C was higher in the CST success group than in the CST failure group. The CST phenomenon was always observed if CB ablation of the superior PVs was performed with both complete occlusion and NT ≤ −46°C and was almost always ineffective if it did not meet these two criteria (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 93%).Successful CST ablation was highly predicted if complete PV occlusion and NT ≤ −46°C during CB ablation of the superior PVs were achieved.

著者

Yoko Takahashi Shogo Katoh Noriyasu Shikura Hiroshi Tomoda Satoshi Omura

出版者

Applied Microbiology, Molecular and Cellular Biosciences Research Foundation

雑誌

The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology (ISSN:00221260)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.4, pp.263-266, 2003 (Released:2005-03-18)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

21 32

著者

村越 友紀 望月 善子 渡辺 博 稲葉 憲之 Yuki Murakami Yoshiko Mochizuki Hiroshi Watanabe Noriyuki Inaba

雑誌

Dokkyo journal of medical sciences (ISSN:03855023)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.87-94, 2011-03-25

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10 代妊娠を「防ぐべきである」という視点ではなく,出産を目指す10 代妊婦に共感し,母性意識の発達を促し,セルフケアできるよう援助していくための方法を探索することを目的として,1998 年から10 年間に当センターで出産した10 代妊婦138 名を対象に承諾を得た85 名に対し,アンケート調査を実施した (回収率45.9%).妊娠時の心境としては妊娠を肯定的に受け止めていた者が76.9%であったが,出産時には92.3%と増加していた.現在の相談相手は母親,夫,友人であり,育児,金銭面の相談が主であったが,相談相手すらいない状況下,一人で育児を行っている者もいた.10 代での妊娠出産をよかったと71.8%が判断していたが,10 代出産のデメリットは経済的不安,知識の少なさが挙げられた.思春期には性行動,妊娠,出産そして育児など長いスタンスの知識提供と現況を把握理解した上での支援体制が必要と考える.

著者

Ryu Shutta Daisaku Nakatani Yasuhiko Sakata Shungo Hikoso Hiroya Mizuno Shinichiro Suna Tetsuhisa Kitamura Katsuki Okada Tomoharu Dohi Takayuki Kojima Bolrathanak Oeun Akihiro Sunaga Hirota Kida Hiroshi Sato Masatsugu Hori Issei Komuro Masami Nishino Yasushi Sakata on behalf of the Osaka Acute Coronary Insufficiency Study (OACIS) Investigators

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Reports (ISSN:24340790)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.5, pp.280-287, 2020-05-08 (Released:2020-05-08)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1

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Background:Studies comparing the cardiac consequences of hydrophilic and lipophilic statins in experimental and clinical practice settings have produced inconsistent results. In particular, evidence focusing on diabetic patients after acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is lacking.Methods and Results:From the Osaka Acute Coronary Insufficiency Study (OACIS) registry database, 1,752 diabetic patients with AMI who were discharged with a prescription for statins were studied. Long-term outcomes were compared between hydrophilic and lipophilic statins, including all-cause death, recurrent myocardial infarction (re-MI) and admission for heart failure (HF) and a composite of these (major adverse cardiac events; MACE). During a median follow-up period of 1,059 days, all-cause death, non-fatal re-MI, admission for HF, and MACE occurred in 95, 89, 112 and 249 patients, respectively. Although there was no significant difference between statins in the risk of all-cause death, re-MI and MACE, the risk of HF admission was significantly lower in patients with hydrophilic than lipophilic statins before (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.560; 95% CI: 0.345–0.911, P=0.019) and after (aHR, 0.584; 95% CI: 0.389–0.876, P=0.009) propensity score matching. Hydrophilic statin use was consistently associated with lower risk for HF admission than lipophilic statins across the subgroup categories.Conclusions:In the present diabetic patients with AMI, hydrophilic statins were associated with a lower risk of admission for HF than lipophilic statins.

著者

長谷川 博 ハセガワ ヒロシ Hiroshi HASEGAWA

雑誌

千葉商大論叢

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.1, pp.65-91, 2009-09

著者

前田 由貴子 佐藤 寛 藤田 望 Yukiko Maeda Hiroshi Sato Nozomi Fujita

雑誌

関西学院大学人権研究 = Kwansei Gakuin University journal of human rights studies (ISSN:1344039X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.25, pp.1-9, 2021-03-31

著者

Naoki Matsuura Ayako Kawano Hiroshi Tai Takuroh Imamura

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.9, pp.1113-1114, 2017-05-01 (Released:2017-05-01)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

2

著者

Yuki Chiba Kei Takahashi Rui Makino Mai Yoshida Yuji Oe Tasuku Nagasawa Hiroshi Sato Mariko Miyazaki Koji Okamoto

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.8385-21, (Released:2021-12-28)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1

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We herein report a case of crescentic glomerulonephritis associated with infective endocarditis (IE). A 61-year-old-woman presented with a fever and renal dysfunction and was diagnosed with IE. The patient was positive for PR3-ANCA and anti-GBM antibodies. Renal biopsy findings showed crescentic glomerulonephritis with isolated deposition of C3c, a serum conversion product of complement C3. Given these clinical findings, the patient was diagnosed with IE-associated glomerulonephritis. Antibiotic therapy was continued without immunosuppressive agents. After the initiation of the antibiotics, the fever resolved, and the renal function gradually recovered. This case highlights the notion that laboratory findings should be carefully evaluated with reference to other findings.

著者

川上 美佐子 長谷川 喜代三 土井 裕司 Misako Kawakami Kiyozo Hasegawa Hiroshi Doi

出版者

武庫川女子大学

雑誌

武庫川女子大学紀要. 自然科学編 (ISSN:09163123)

巻号頁・発行日

no.42, pp.17-23, 1995-03-31

著者

Hiroshi SATO Haruo KAMIYA Hidefumi FURUOKA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.4, pp.453-457, 2003 (Released:2003-05-02)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

16 19

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Larva migrans caused by the common raccoon ascarid, Baylisascaris procyonis, is a zoonotic disease of critical importance in North America. Recently we encountered the first proven outbreak of this disease in Japan in domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) in a small wildlife park. In this park, raccoons (Procyon lotor) had been kept for 9 years, and one raccoon was donated to the park by a pet owner 8 weeks prior to the occurrence of an outbreak in rabbits. Of 12 total raccoons, three raccoons including the donated one shed B. procyonis eggs in the feces, and two of these positive raccoons were kept in metal mesh cages on wooden pedestals, 2 m distant from the rabbit enclosure. Circumstantial evidence indicates that the donated raccoon is the likely source of this outbreak. Treatment of the raccoons with an ascaricide and decontamination by extensive flaming of the cages and the contaminated dirt floor of the park achieved a transient disappearance of ascarids from all 12 enclosed raccoons. Three months after the control measures began, recurrent ascarid infection was detected in three young raccoons of less than 1.5 years of age. The potential risk of serious zoonosis by B. procyonis as well as the difficulty in a clearance of contaminated areas should be considered by pet owners and public health workers in Japan.

著者

Hiroshi Kadokura Hiroyuki Kawasaki Koji Yoda Makari Yamasaki Katsuhiko Kitamoto

出版者

Applied Microbiology, Molecular and Cellular Biosciences Research Foundation

雑誌

The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology (ISSN:00221260)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.3, pp.133-141, 2001 (Released:2005-12-26)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

11 14

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Escherichia coli DegP is an inducible serine protease which is involved in the breakdown of abberant proteins arising in the periplasmic compartment. Overexpression of alkaline phosphatase (PhoA) increased transcription of degP by twofold. To examine the significance of its induction, we overexpressed PhoA in a mutant strain deficient in the degP gene. Upon PhoA overexpression, the degP mutant produced a smaller amount of active PhoA, about one half of the enzymatic activity of its isogenic wild-type strain, and accumulated a larger amount of its precursor, indicating that degP is required for efficient export of overexpressed PhoA. Pulse-chase experiment showed that PhoA overexpression in the absence of degP causes a severe defect in the export of several proteins tested. Examination of the synthesis and the accumulation of the phoA gene products revealed that a part of them, synthesized in the wild-type strain, undergoes relatively rapid proteolysis and that degP is necessary for such a process. From these results, we discuss a possible role of DegP in facilitating protein export under stress conditions.

著者

Hiroshi Akiyama Reiko Adachi

出版者

Food Safety Commission, Cabinet Office, Government of Japan

雑誌

Food Safety (ISSN:21878404)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.4, pp.101-116, 2021 (Released:2021-12-24)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

18

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In the Japanese allergy-labeling system, food labeling is mandated for 7 specific ingredients (egg, cow’s milk, wheat, buckwheat, peanut, shrimp, and crab) and recommended for 21 food ingredients in reference to case numbers of actual illness and the degree of seriousness. To monitor the validity of the labeling system, official methods for the detection of specific ingredient proteins in processed foods were developed. The official methods consist of ELISA methods for screening, and western blot methods for egg and milk, and PCR methods for wheat, buckwheat, peanut, shrimp/prawn, and crab as confirmation tests. The official methods consist of ELISA methods for screening, and western blot methods for egg and milk, and PCR methods for wheat, buckwheat, peanut, shrimp/prawn, and crab as confirmation tests. Threshold amounts (a few mg/kg) for labeling were set based on the approach of the analytical detections. Any foods containing protein allergens should be labeled if these contain allergens at greater than 10 ppm (mg/kg). Validation protocol criteria were established to standardize the Japanese official method. Food Safety Commission of Japan conducted a risk assessment of egg as a specific ingredient and judged that current labeling system for foods containing allergens is generally appropriate for “eggs”. In the future, it is important to accumulate necessary scientific knowledge in order to carry out food health impact assessment including further refinement. The Japanese experience and knowledge of food allergy-labeling system would contribute to harmonize international labeling guidelines to protect allergic consumers globally.

著者

Munetoyo Toda Hiroshi Nakada

出版者

FCCA(Forum: Carbohydrates Coming of Age)

雑誌

Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology (ISSN:09157352)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.127, pp.226-238, 2010 (Released:2010-12-07)

参考文献数

37

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ムチンは O-グリカンに富む高分子の糖タンパク質である。上皮性癌細胞が産生するムチンは癌組織や血液中にみられ、臨床においては腫瘍マーカーとして利用されてきた。ムチンの血中濃度と癌患者の5年生存率は逆相関することから、ムチンは担癌宿主に何らかの影響を及ぼすものと考えられる。ムチン分子上には多様な糖鎖がみられることから、血流中に存在するムチンがこれらの糖鎖を介して血管内皮細胞や免疫細胞上に発現するレクチンと相互作用するであろうことは容易に想像できる。最近の研究により、ムチンが担癌宿主の免疫機能を抑制することが明らかとなってきた。ここでは、シグレック2/CD22 を介したムチンの B 細胞免疫抑制作用を中心に述べる。

著者

Motomu NAKASHIMA Shun MAEDA Takahiro MIWA Hiroshi ICHIKAWA

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering (ISSN:18809863)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.2, pp.102-117, 2012 (Released:2012-03-13)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

26 25

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In this study, the optimal arm strokes in crawl swimming which maximize the swimming speed and propulsive efficiency were solved computationally. For this objective, an optimizing method which consisted of the random search and the PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization) algorithm was constructed. In order to consider the muscle strength characteristics of the swimmer as the constraint condition of the optimization, an experiment to measure the maximum joint torques was carried out for various joint angles and angular speeds. Using the measured experimental data as the reference values, a musculoskeletal simulation model was constructed. By the constructed musculoskeletal model, muscle strength characteristics in various conditions were investigated and used to create a database. Using this database, the optimizing calculation was finally conducted and the following results were obtained: In the optimization maximizing the swimming speed, the swimming speed became maximum when the stroke cycle was 0.9 s. A relatively I-shaped stroke was obtained in this case. In the optimization maximizing the propulsive efficiency, the propulsive efficiency became maximum when the stroke cycle was 1.3 s. A relatively S-shaped stroke was obtained in this case. Two strokes which respectively maximized the swimming speed and propulsive efficiency were very similar to each other when the stroke cycles were the same. The swimming speeds and stroke cycles obtained in the optimizing calculation were within reasonable ranges compared to the actual races.

著者

野口 浩 Noguchi Hiroshi

出版者

琉球大学法文学部

雑誌

琉球大学経済研究 (ISSN:0557580X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.82, pp.15-29, 2011-09

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固定資産税の課税は固定資産課税台帳に登録されたところに従って行うこととされているが、企業会計がいうリース取引が行われた場合に、貸主もしくは借主のどちらを固定資産課税台帳に登録すべきか、という問題について、本稿において検討を加える。原則として、ファイナンス・リース取引については、リース物件の所有者である貸主が固定資産課税台帳に登録されて、貸主に固定資産税が課されることになると思われる。しかし、地方税法342条3項は、償却資産について所有権留保付売買が行われた場合は、固定資産税の賦課徴収については、当該償却資産は、売主及び買主の共有物とみなされると規定している。ファイナンス・リース取引の法的性質については種々の説が存在するが、本稿においては、その取引の本質を所有権留保付の割賦売買契約と捉える立場をとる。その前提で、同じ地方税である不動産取得税および特別土地保有税の取扱いを参考にしながら、固定資産税の性質並びに非典型担保物権に対する固定資産税の取扱いについて検討を加えることにより、次の結論を導き出す。「ファイナンス・リース取引については、リース物件が償却資産および土地のいずれの場合においても、リース契約上、リース物件の所有権が借主に移転することとされているリース取引については、借主を固定資産課税台帳に登録して固定資産税を課すことが妥当である。」また、本稿は、セール・アンド・リースバック取引も、リースバック部分が賃貸借取引に該当するため考察の対象とした。そして、次の結論にたどり着く。「セール・アンド・リースバック取引については、その取弓|がどのような目的で行われていようとも、譲受人(貸主)を固定資産課税台帳に登録して固定資産税を課すべきである。」

著者

ENDO Hiroshi NAKAJIMA Kei CHINO Ryuji SHIROTA Minoru

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

Agricultural and Biological Chemistry (ISSN:00021369)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.1, pp.9-18, 1974

被引用文献数

28

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A <i>Chlorella</i> strain with high growth rates under heterotrophic growth condition was isolated from a pond and identified as <i>Chlorella regularis.</i> The optimal temperature for growth was 36&deg;C and the optimal pH 6.0_??_7.0. Glucose, galactose, acetic acid, ethanol, acetaldehyde and pyruvic acid may serve as the carbon source supporting the growth under both dark and light conditions.<br> The specific growth rate &mu;max was; 0.3 hr^-1 under autotrophic condition, 0.28 hr^-1 under heterotrophic condition, and 0.45 hr^-1 under mixotrophic condition. In the dark heterotrophic culture, the yield of the cells to glucose was 0.5_??_0.6, that to acetic acid 0.48, and that to ethanol 0.66. When dark heterotrophic cells were cultured under mixotrophic condition, the yield to glucose increased to 0.82, that to acetic acid to 0.85 and to ethanol to 0.91.<br> The protein and chlorophyll contents of the cells in autotrophic culture were approximately, 60% and 4Y., respectively. These contents of the cells in dark heterotrophic culture changed in accordance with the growth phase. The protein of the cells reached to, approximately, 60% and the chlorophyll to 2% in stationary phase of growth, although the cells were maintained even in the dark.