著者

Masao IMAMURA Isao NIIYA Hiroshi IIJIMA

出版者

Japanese Society for Food Hygiene and Safety

雑誌

Food Hygiene and Safety Science (Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi) (ISSN:00156426)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.3, pp.249-254, 1965-06-05 (Released:2010-03-01)

参考文献数

12

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乳成分の定量法および添加量の実情を調査するためマーガリン76種, 天然バター4種を入手し, 乳固形分, 糖, タンパク, リン, カルシウムの定量を行なったところ, およそつぎの結果を得た.1) 糖はベルトラン法, タンパクはミクロケルダール法, リンはリンバナドモリブデン酸法およびカルシウムはEDTAによるキレート滴定法より定量を行なった.2) ほとんどの家庭用マーガリンにはかなりの乳成分が添加してあり最高は乳固形分2.75%であった. 平均値でみると家庭用 (カートン) 1.036%, ついで学校給食用, 付マーガリンの順で簡易包装, 業務用は0.325%および0.371%であった.3) 糖とタンパクの比率は乳成分の少ないほどレシチンによる影響があり, 付マーガリンにいたっては平均値で糖0.178%に対してタンパク0.272%とむしろ多い.4) リンおよびカルシウムは乳固形分の量に応じて検出され, 最高はそれぞれ294.6, 360.4ppmであった. しかしリンはレシチン等からも検出されるのでタンパク同様かなりバランスのくずれたものも見うけられる. その点カルシウムはほとんど乳成分のみに由来するとみられ, それを正確に測定することによって正当な乳成分の添加の場合においては乳成分の添加量を知ることができる.5) 試料中とくに大豆粉乳または乳糖を加えたもの, レシチンを比較的多く使用されたものがあり, 糖タンパク, リン, カルシウムの量に著しくバランスのくずれたものがあった.

著者

瀬戸岡 紘 セトオカ ヒロシ Setooka Hiroshi

出版者

駒澤大学経済学会

雑誌

駒沢大学経済学論集 (ISSN:03899853)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.2, pp.3-26, 2016-01

著者

Tomohiro Inaba Tomoyuki Hori Yuya Sato Tomo Aoyagi Dai Hanajima Atsushi Ogata Hiroshi Habe

出版者

日本微生物生態学会・日本土壌微生物学会

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.ME17112, (Released:2017-12-12)

被引用文献数

13

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Limited information is currently available on the contribution of eukaryotes to the reactor performance of membrane bioreactors (MBRs). Using high-throughput Illumina sequencing of 18S rRNA genes and microscopic observations, we investigated eukaryotic microbiomes in membrane-attached biofilms in MBRs treating piggery wastewater. Protozoa preying on bacteria were frequently detected under stable conditions when membrane clogging was suppressed. However, the eukaryotes preying upon protozoa became predominant in biofilms when membrane fouling rapidly progressed. We herein demonstrated that a comprehensive investigation of eukaryotic microbiomes using high-throughput sequencing contributes to a better understanding of the microbial ecology involved in wastewater treatment.

著者

Hiroshi Ogawa

出版者

Japanese Association of Indian and Buddhist Studies

雑誌

Journal of Indian and Buddhist Studies (Indogaku Bukkyogaku Kenkyu) (ISSN:00194344)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.2, pp.707-710, 1985-03-25 (Released:2010-03-09)

著者

Hiroshi ITOH Tomohiro KONO Kenji ICHINOE

出版者

Japan Poultry Science Association

雑誌

Japanese poultry science (ISSN:00290254)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.3, pp.113-119, 1985-05-25 (Released:2008-11-12)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1

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雄ホロホロ鳥における繁殖能力の,年間を通じての推移を明らかにする目的で,交尾器の大きさ,精液量,精子濃度および血漿テストステロン濃度を1年間測定した。1. 交尾器の大きさは9月初旬まで徐々に増大し,換羽期において一度縮小したが,その後再び増大して12月下旬以降は成熟した大きさを維持した。また,交尾器の大きさと日長,気温および血漿テストステロン濃度とのいずれとも,有意な相関関係は認められなかった。2. 精液量および精子濃度は4月より上昇し,5月下旬から10月上旬にかけて高い値を維持した(精液量:9~38μl,精子濃度:6.51~29.9億/ml)。その後,換羽期と1月から2月にかけての期間において低い値を示し118 日本家禽学会誌22巻3号(1985)た。3. 血漿テストステロン濃度の推移は,日長の変化とよく対応したものであり,最高値(2.95±0.81ng/ml)および最低値(0.12±0.02ng/ml)は,それぞれ7月上旬と9月下旬の換羽初期に認められた。また,繁殖期,非繁殖期および換羽期における血漿テストステロン濃度の平均値は,それぞれ1.25±0.12ng/ml, 0.64±0.05ng/mlおよび0.20±0.05ng/mlであり,各値間には有意(P<0.01)差が認められた。4.日長,気温および血漿テストステロン濃度と各測定項目間の相関係数は表1に示した。

著者

Tomikawa Ko Morino Hiroshi Ohtsuka Susumu

出版者

日本動物分類学会

雑誌

Species diversity : an international journal for taxonomy, systematics, speciation, biogeography, and life history research of animals (ISSN:13421670)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.4, pp.275-286, 2008-12-30

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

2

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Pseudocrangonyx shikokunis Akatsuka and Komai, 1922, a poorly known subterranean amphipod, is redescribed and illustrated in detail based on the syntypes from Tokushima Prefecture and four additional specimens from Hyogo Prefecture, Japan. Newly found diagnostic features and morphological variation of the species are discussed.

著者

Yoshihide Yamanashi Tappei Takada Ryoya Kurauchi Yusuke Tanaka Toko Komine Hiroshi Suzuki

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.4, pp.347-359, 2017-04-01 (Released:2017-04-03)

参考文献数

78

被引用文献数

44

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Humans cannot synthesize fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamin E and vitamin K. For this reason, they must be obtained from the diet via intestinal absorption. As the deficiency or excess of these vitamins has been reported to cause several types of diseases and disorders in humans, the intestinal absorption of these nutrients must be properly regulated to ensure good health. However, the mechanism of their intestinal absorption remains poorly understood. Recent studies on cholesterol using genome-edited mice, genome-wide association approaches, gene mutation analyses, and the development of cholesterol absorption inhibitors have revealed that several membrane proteins play crucial roles in the intestinal absorption of cholesterol. Surprisingly, detailed analyses of these cholesterol transporters have revealed that they can also transport vitamin E and vitamin K, providing clues to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying the intestinal absorption of these fat-soluble vitamins. In this review, we focus on the membrane proteins (Niemann-Pick C1 like 1, scavenger receptor class B type I, cluster of differentiation 36, and ATP-binding cassette transporter A1) that are (potentially) involved in the intestinal absorption of cholesterol, vitamin E, and vitamin K and discuss their physiological and pharmacological importance. We also discuss the related uncertainties that need to be explored in future studies.

著者

市原 博 Ichihara Hiroshi

出版者

法政大学大原社会問題研究所

雑誌

大原社会問題研究所雑誌 (ISSN:09129421)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.689, pp.1-21, 2016-03-01

著者

Hiroshi SHINJI Minoru OKADA

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Cell and Molecular Biology

雑誌

Plant tissue culture letters (ISSN:02895773)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.129-132, 1991 (Released:2010-04-30)

参考文献数

8

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Time course of the growth of cultured Pinellia ternata plants was investigated.Corm-like bodies were cultured in a MS liquid medium containing 0.25mg/l IAA and 0.5mg/l BA by shaking. On the 13th, 27th, 41th, and 54th day, the dry weight of each organ-corm-like body, leaf blade, petiole, root-was measured. From these data, growth parameters and distribution rate of dry matter in each organ were calculated.Relative growth rate was at its maximum at the beginning of culture and then decreased gradually. The growth rate in the dry matter of the whole plant was at its maximum between the 13th-27th day.The time course of the distribution rate of dry matter in each organ indicates that during the first half of the culture period, mainly leaf blades and petioles grow and during the latter half, mainly corm-like bodies grow.Judging from the weight of corm-like bodies obtained for a fixed period and the cost in gaining corm-like bodies, the best culture period was 41 days.

著者

Keiko Unno Shigenori Noda Yohei Kawasaki Hiroshi Yamada Akio Morita Kazuaki Iguchi Yoriyuki Nakamura

出版者

SOCIETY FOR FREE RADICAL RESEARCH JAPAN

雑誌

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (ISSN:09120009)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.3, pp.210-216, 2017 (Released:2017-11-01)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

26

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Epidemiological and animal studies have demonstrated that ingestion of green tea enhances healthy life. However, caffeine in green tea can interfere with sleep. In this report, we examined the effect of green tea with lowered caffeine, low-caffeine green tea, on stress and sleep of the elderly. The participants (n = 10, mean age 89.3 ± 4.2 years) drank five cups/day of standard green tea for 1 week. Subsequently, they drank five cups/day of low-caffeine green tea for 2 weeks. Salivary α-amylase activity (sAA) was measured as a stress marker. Sleep stages were measured using a portable electroencephalography (n = 7, 6 female and 1 male). The level of sAA in the morning (sAAm) was significantly lower when the participants drank low-caffeine green tea than standard green tea. While the levels of sAAm were different among individuals, lower sAAm correlated with a higher quality of sleep. In those participants whose sAAm was lowered by the ingestion of low-caffeine green tea, some sleep parameters improved. Daily ingestion of low-caffeine green tea may be a beneficial tool for improving the quality of sleep of the elderly via the suppression of stress, although further research is required to fortify this hypothesis.

著者

Sandi SUFIANDI Hiromichi OBARA Huai-Che HSU Shin ENOSAWA Hiroshi MIZUNUMA

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering (ISSN:18809863)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.17-00421, (Released:2017-12-04)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1

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Improving the process of cell injection during hepatocyte transplantation requires an understanding of the causal relationships that shear, direct contact cells with a solid surface, and cell deformation have on cell viability loss. A linear shear model was used to model this loss of cell viability during their movement on a solid surface as part of the injection step of hepatocyte transplantation. Rat hepatocytes were studied under linear shear using two parallel plates, with a ”tight” condition that had a 25 μm gap, and a ”loose” gap condition with a > 25 μm gap, to determine the effects of cell deformation, and simulate cell viability loss during injection. Cell morphology and deformation were also observed using time-lapse images. Direct contact with a solid surface is deleterious for cells, and live cells became deformed under shear stress until they lost viability. The cell size could decrease or increase during deformation, and a loss of viability could occur due to a loss of membrane integrity or cell rupture. The space limitations in the tight gap could prevent cell expansion, which delayed the process of cell viability loss. In summary, preventing the direct contact of hepatocytes with a solid surface is recommended to improve the cell injection process during transplantation.

著者

Ritsuko Morita Noriko Sanzen Tetsutaro Hayashi Mana Umeda Mika Yoshimura Itoshi Nikaido Takaya Abe Hiroshi Kiyonari Yasuhide Furuta Hironobu Fujiwara

出版者

The Japanese Biochemical Society/The Molecular Biology Society of Japan

雑誌

ConBio2017

巻号頁・発行日

2017-10-31

著者

Yoshihiro Yabe Hiroshi Fujiki Hideki Kobayashi

出版者

West-Japanese Society of Orthopedics & Traumatology

雑誌

Orthopedics & Traumatology (ISSN:00371033)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.2, pp.435-438, 1989-10-25 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

6

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Spontaneous rupture of the tendon during long-term systemic administration of steroids is rare and it is found only sporadically at the Achilles tendon.We report two cases of spontaneous rupture of the tendon during long-term systemic steroid therapy.One of the patients who was administered steroids for systemic lupus erythematosus developed rupture of the Achilles tendon, and the other treated for polyneuritis showed rupture of the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle.These two cases are considered to show that rupture of the tendon occurred due to degeneration and weakness of tendon tissue during long-term systemic steroid therapy.

著者

Machida Kazuhiko Suemizu Hiroshi Kawai Kenji Ishikawa Tsuyoshi Sawada Rumi Ohnishi Yasuyuki Tsuchiya Toshie

出版者

日本毒性学会

雑誌

Journal of toxicological sciences (ISSN:03881350)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.1, pp.123-127, 2009-02-01

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

2 35

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The purpose of tumorigenicity testing, as applied not only to cell substrates used for viral vaccine manufacture but also stem cells used for cell-based therapy, is to discriminate between cells that have the capacity to form tumors and cells that do not. Therefore, tumorigenicity testing is essential in assessing the safety of these biological materials. Recently developed NOD/Shi-scid IL2Rg^<null> (NOG) mice have been shown to be superior to NOD/Shi-scid (SCID) mice for xenotransplantation of both normal and cancerous cells. To select a suitable mouse strain as a xenogenic host for tumorigenicity testing, we compared the susceptibility of NOG (T, B, and NK cell-defective), SLID (T and B cell-defective), and the traditionally used nude (T cell-defective) mice to tumor formation from xenotransplanted HeLa S3 cells. When 10^4 HeLa S3 cells were subcutaneously inoculated into the flanks of these mice, the tumor incidence on day 22 was 10/10 (100%) in NOG, 2/10 (20%) in SCID, and 0/10 (0%) in nude mice. The subcutaneous tumors formed reproducibly and semiquantitatively in a dose-dependent manner. Unexpectedly, half of the NOG mice (5/10) that had been inoculated with a mere 10^1 HeLa S3 cells formed progressively growing subcutaneous tumors on day 78. We confirmed that the engrafted tumors originated from inoculated HeLa S3 cells by immunohistochemical staining with anti-HLA antibodies. These data suggest that NOG mice may be the best choice as a suitable strain for testing tumorigenicity.

著者

Yulianti Nina Hayasaka Hiroshi Usup Aswin

出版者

Association of International Research Initiatives for Environmental Studies

雑誌

Global environmental research (ISSN:13438808)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.105-116, 2012

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The worse air pollution due to haze from fires occurred in the Southeast Asia during the strongest 1997-1998 El Niño event in the last century. The dense haze came from forest and peat fires mainly occurred in Indonesia. Recent fires in Indonesia have become an annual phenomenon nevertheless rapid deforestationrate showed declined trend. In addition, Indonesia formally admitted very large amount of CO2 emissionmostly from fires and deforestation (about 3.01 billion tonnes after the United States). Indonesia is nowrequested to reduce air pollution due to haze and carbon emissions at the same time. For an execution ofREDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation plus) in Indonesia, it is also essential to develop an effective firefighting strategy.In this paper, recent hotspot data captured by NASA MODIS from 2002 to 2010 was analyzed to graspthe recent fire trend in the whole Indonesia. As Indonesia is not so small country, various grid sizes utilizing latitude and longitude angles from 1x1 to 0.01x0.01 degrees were used for various analysis purposes. Analysis results using one degree grids clearly showed the highest hotspot density areas in Indonesia located in Kalimantan and Sumatra Islands. Among them, One of the Mega Rice Project (MRP) regions (grid center:south latitude 3o, east longitude 114o) showed extremely high hotspot density, 0.188hotspots/km2/year. Two regions in Riau and South Sumatra of Sumatra Island followed the MRP area and their hotspot densities were 0.111 and 0.106 hotspots/km2/year, respectively. Other high hotspot density regions were mostly found in deforested area on peat. Analysis results on seasonality of peat fire showed strong correlation with El Niño event. Finally, the authors are now proposing an effective fire forecast method based on recent fire trend in Indonesia.

著者

Inoue Hiroshi

出版者

東京昆蟲學會

雑誌

昆蟲 (ISSN:09155805)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.71-"74-1", 1955

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松村(1927)によつて台湾の標本に基づいて記載された新属新種Aoshachia virescens Matsumura(シャチホコガ科)は, 丸毛(1920)が種子島と屋久島でとれた2♀♀によつて発表したDoratoptera(?)virescens Marumo(シャクガ科ホシシャク亜科)と同一種であることがわかつた.従つて, 沢本(1938)がD. virescens Marumoをtypeとして発表した新属Marumonaは, Aoshachiaの異名となり, 学名はAoshachia virescens (Marumo)とよぶのが正しいことになる.本種は, 雄交尾器の形態・脈相そのほかの特徴から, エダシャク亜科のCompsopteraに近縁である.和名は, はじめ松村(1931)によつてアオシャチホコと名付けられたが, 堀及び野村(1937)は既に同一の名が他のシャチホコに用いられているという理由で, ウスアオシャチホコと改めた.沢本(1938)はキイロトガリシャクと付け, のちに位置をエダシャクに移してき(1939)キイロエダシャクと語尾を変更した.新鮮な個体は薄緑色で, 古くなると黄色に変るが, 私はこの最後の名称を採用したいと思う.分布は, 今日迄の資料によると, 台湾・屋久島・種子島・九州鹿児島となるが, 最近私は中村正直氏の好意で, 黒子浩氏が英彦山で1954年4月25日に採集された1♂を手に入れることができた.Descoreba simplex Butlerハスオビエダシャクは, 従来Compsoptera(=Prosopolopha)に入れてあつたが, この属やAoshachiaに近縁であつても, 別属とした方が良いので, simplexをtypeとしてButler(1878)の創設したDescorebaを復活させることにした.従つて今日のところCompsopteraに属するものは, わが国に分布していないことになる.なお, Compsopteraの模式種jourdanaria (de Villers)は, フランス南部・スペイン・サルヂニア・アルジェリーに分布し, 成虫は秋に出現する.一方キイロエダシャクとハスオビエダシャクは何れも春に発生することがわかつている.

著者

Hiroshi OKAJIMA Hironori UMEI Nobutomo MATSUNAGA Toru ASAI

出版者

公益社団法人 計測自動制御学会

雑誌

SICE Journal of Control, Measurement, and System Integration (ISSN:18824889)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.4, pp.267-275, 2013 (Released:2013-08-01)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

9 38

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The robust control design method has been studied in recent decades. A control system works well under the modeling errors and disturbances if controller design is based on the robust control method. However, it is well known that in control systems, generally, there exists a trade-off between control performance and robustness. To overcome the trade-off problem, this paper proposes an internal model type compensator structure that minimizes the modeling gap between the nominal model and actual plant dynamics. By using the proposed compensator, the dynamics of the compensated system closes to that of the nominal model. Then, a design method of the compensator parameters is also proposed for minimizing a set of plant dynamics. The proposed design method is reduced to the standard µ design control problem. If we use the proposed compensator for control systems instead of the plant itself, the output performance might be better despite plant uncertainty. Given that the proposed compensator can be used for the control of not only linear but also nonlinear plants, we can easily achieve robust control of nonlinear systems. The effectiveness of the proposed method is shown by numerical examples.

著者

Gou ICHIMASA Hiroshi OKAJIMA Kosuke OKUMURA Nobutomo MATSUNAGA

出版者

公益社団法人 計測自動制御学会

雑誌

SICE Journal of Control, Measurement, and System Integration (ISSN:18824889)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.5, pp.468-475, 2017 (Released:2017-09-23)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

7

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Design methods for control systems based on plant models have been developed for many years. If a mathematical model is accurately obtained from the input-output relation of a plant, then the designed controller for the model performs well for the control system connected with the plant. However, the desired control performance might not be achieved when there is an undeniable modeling error. To overcome this problem, the authors proposed the model error compensator (MEC) to minimize the effect of the modeling error between the plant and the model. The MEC works well for many control systems, such as unstable systems and non-linear systems. However applying the MEC to non-minimum-phase plants is difficult because of their control system structures. Non-minimum-phase plants are well known for being difficult to control. This paper proposes an MEC with a parallel feed-forward filter (PFF). The PFF is used to cancel the non-minimum-phase characteristics of the plant. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated through numerical examples.

著者

Takahiro Hayashi Saori Ikehata Haruna Matsuzaki Kimio Yasuda Toshiyasu Makihara Akihiko Futamura Yuki Arakawa Rika Kuki Kumiko Fukuura Hiroshi Takahashi Naoharu Mori Takashi Higashiguchi Shigeki Yamada

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.12, pp.1860-1865, 2014-12-01 (Released:2014-12-01)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

3 7

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Morphine, oxycodone, and fentanyl are commonly used to control cancer pain. Because these drugs have differences in receptor affinity or pharmacokinetic parameters, changing the opioid formulation may result in an unexpected outcome, depending on the patient’s condition. This study investigated whether low serum protein levels influence the effectiveness of opioid rotation by determining the impact of serum albumin levels on the analgesic effect before and after opioid rotation from morphine or oxycodone to fentanyl in cancer patients. The patients were classified into 3 groups according to their serum albumin levels before opioid rotation: group 1, <2.5 g/dL; group 2, from 2.5 g/dL to <3.0 g/dL; and group 3, ≥3.0 g/dL. There was no significant change in the percentage of patients with good pain control after rotation in group 1 or group 2; however, the percentage of patients with good pain control increased significantly in group 3. When the percentage of patients whose numerical rating scale scores increased, were unchanged, or decreased after rotation were compared, a significant difference in the percentage of those showing improvement was noted among the 3 groups and between groups 1 and 3. These findings suggest that monitoring serum albumin levels during fentanyl therapy is useful for pain management, and that the effectiveness of opioid rotation to fentanyl in patients with serum albumin levels of <2.5 g/dL should be carefully evaluated after rotation.

著者

佐々木 博 Hiroshi SASAKI 目白大学国際交流研究科

雑誌

目白大学総合科学研究 = Mejiro journal of social and natural sciences (ISSN:1349709X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.(5), pp.33-47, 2009 (Released:2017-10-20)