著者
Yuya Ide Hisashi Ogawa Kenjiro Ishigami Syuhei Ikeda Kosuke Doi Yasuhiro Hamatani Akiko Fujino Yoshimori An Mitsuru Ishii Moritake Iguchi Nobutoyo Masunaga Masahiro Esato Hikari Tsuji Hiromichi Wada Koji Hasegawa Mitsuru Abe Gregory Y.H. Lip Masaharu Akao for the Fushimi AF Registry Investigators
出版者
The Japanese Circulation Society
雑誌
Circulation Reports (ISSN:24340790)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.3, no.11, pp.629-638, 2021-11-10 (Released:2021-11-10)
参考文献数
19
被引用文献数
2

Background:The ELDERCARE-AF trial demonstrated that low-dose edoxaban prevented stroke or systemic embolism (SE) in very elderly Japanese patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) in whom standard oral anticoagulant therapy was inappropriate because of high bleeding risk. The aim of this study was to elucidate the characteristics and outcomes of such patients in routine clinical practice.Methods and Results:Data were extracted from the Fushimi AF Registry for ELDERCARE-eligible NVAF patients aged ≥80 years, with a CHADS2score ≥2 and ≥1 bleeding risk factors, as shown in the ELDERCARE-AF trial. ELDERCARE-eligible patients (n=549; 12.8% of the entire cohort, 52.9% of those aged ≥80 years and with CHADS2score ≥2) were less often male, were older, had more comorbidity and higher risk scores than non-eligible patients from the entire cohort (n=3,734). The crude incidence (% per patient-year) of adverse events was significantly higher in ELDERCARE-eligible than non-eligible patients (stroke/SE, 4.8% vs. 2.0%; major bleeding, 3.6% vs. 1.9%; all-cause mortality, 15.5% vs. 3.9%; cardiovascular death, 2.7% vs. 0.6%; all log-rank P<0.001). Compared with non-eligible patients aged ≥80 years and with a CHADS2score ≥2 (n=488), the incidence of stroke/SE, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular death remained significantly higher in ELDERCARE-eligible patients.Conclusions:Patients with NVAF who met the inclusion criteria of the ELDERCARE-AF trial were common in routine clinical practice, and had poor clinical outcomes.
著者
Shih D.Y-C.
出版者
Japanese Society of Mycotoxicology
雑誌
マイコトキシン (ISSN:02851466)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2006, no.4, pp.110-117, 2006

Taiwan is located in the subtropical zone, and the typical weather is hot and humid which benefit the growth of fungi. Mycotoxins are the toxic metabolites produced by some species of fungi genera such as Aspergillus, Penicillium and Fusarium. Surveys of mycotoxins in market foods have been implemented by Bureau of Food and Drug Analysis (BFDA) in Taiwan for several years. The results were used as database to establish related regulations by Department of Health (DOH) and provided for local health authorities to prevent unsafe food products from being consumed. Aflatoxin, ochratoxin A, fumonisin, deoxynivalenol (DON), patulin and T-2 toxin were tested and surveyed in various kinds of foods during the past ten years. From 1997 to 2006, a total of 1, 056 peanut product samples were tested and 339 samples (32.1%) contained aflatoxins. Among them, 65 samples which contained aflatoxins above 15μg/kg exceeded action levels of Taiwan. According to the results of the surveys in 2005 and 2006, most of violative products were imported from a foreign country. In 2002, aflatoxin M<SUB>1</SUB> was tested in 113 dairy products including fresh milk, milk powder, infant formula and drinking yogurt. Most of them contained a trace of aflatoxin M<SUB>1</SUB>, but none exceeded action levels of Taiwan. In 2000, 2003, 2005 and 2006, 441 samples were collected and examined for ochratoxin A, and 68 samples (15.4%) contained less than 5μg/kg, including grain products, wine, coffee products and so on. In 2002, 76 corn products were tested and 11 samples (14.5%) contained fumonisins (B<SUB>1</SUB>+B<SUB>2</SUB>) ranging from 0.05 to 0.16mg/kg. The survey of DON in rice, flour, noodle, corn, oat and other products was implemented in 2004. One hundred and fifty samples were tested and the results showed that 3 samples contained DON ranging from 0.11 to 0.45mg/kg. In 1999 and 2005, 122 commodities including baby juice, juice drink, pure apple juice, mixed juice and apple paste were collected and tested for patulin. The results showed that 13 apple juices contained patulin ranging from 8.6 to 39.9μg/kg. In the survey of T-2 toxin in 2005, 31 food products were tested and 4 samples (12.9%) contained T-2 toxin ranging from 0.7 to 8.9μg/kg. The results showed that the violative rate of aflatoxins in imported peanut products grew in recent years. Other mycotoxins including ochratoxin A, fumonisins, DON, patulin and T-2 toxin were detected in some food commodities, but the contamination levels were pretty low.
著者
中村 真里 中村 康雄 林 豊彦 福田 登 駒井 正彦 橋本 淳 信原 克哉 Chao Edmund Y.
出版者
バイオメカニズム学会
雑誌
バイオメカニズム (ISSN:13487116)
巻号頁・発行日
no.16, pp.13-25, 2002-06-25
被引用文献数
9 4

Baseball pitching involves a complicated and rapid movement that has been investigated to prevent injuries and to improve the pitching performance. It is difficult to assess the pitching motion with high accuracy and a high sampling rate, due to the limitations of preexistent camera systems. The current camera system, however, has enough capacity to measure pitching motions with high accuracy and a high sampling rate. We have been diagnosing shoulder joint injuries caused by pitching. The patients (N=939) felt pain during the pitching sequence as follows: top position (32.5%), maximum external rotation (27.2%), and ball release (14.5%). Hence the top position is one of the most important postures to investigate the mechanisms of shoulder joint injury in pitchers. There have been no studies that focused on the top position, however. The main purpose of this study was to develop a system to assess the pitching motion accurately. Another purpose was to estimate the instant of the top position and evaluate the kinematics of the shoulder and elbow joints. Pitching movement was assessed using a motion capture system (ProReflex MCU500, Qualisys Inc., Sweden) in a studio that has an official pitcher's mound and home base. This system can record the positions of reflective markers at 500 Hz using seven CCD cameras. Thirty-two markers were mounted on the joints and body landmarks of each subject. Two markers were mounted on the ball. The pitching motions of eleven subjects were assessed, after a period for warm up. Kinematics parameters were calculated using three-axis gyroscopic Euler angle. The instant of the top position was observed for all subjects before the lead foot touched the ground. The interval from the top position to ball release was 0.242±0.0438 [s] (n=11). The subjects were divided into two groups by the type of posture at the instant of the top position, as follows: internal rotation group (n=5), 11.8±6.08 degrees, and external rotation group (n=6), 38.1±19.97. Other kinematics parameters at the top position were adduction of the shoulder at 74.2±19.84 degrees, horizontal adduction of the shoulder at 37.3±14.10 degrees, and extension of the elbow at 92.1±21.63 degrees. The timing and posture of the estimated top position were almost the same as those of the conventional top position. From the top position to lead foot contact on the pitching sequence, there were three patterns of elbow leading. The three patterns did not depend upon experience. We interpreted them as individual variations.
著者
Abe T. Kawamoto K. Yasuda T. Kearns C. F. Midorikawa T. Sato Y.
出版者
日本加圧トレーニング学会
雑誌
International Journal of KAATSU Training Research (ISSN:13494562)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, no.1, pp.19-23, 2005
被引用文献数
1 68

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of short-term KAATSU-resistance training on skeletal muscle size and sprint/jump performance in college athletes. Fifteen male track and field college athletes were randomly divided into two groups: KAATSU (resistive exercise combined with blood flow restriction, n=9) and control (n=6) groups. The KAATSU group trained twice daily with squat and leg curl exercises (20% of 1-RM, 3 sets of 15 repetitions) for 8 consecutive days while both KAATSU and control groups participated in the regular sprint/jump training sessions. Maximal strength, muscle-bone CSA, mid-thigh muscle thickness (MTH), and sprint/jump performance were measured before and after the 8 days of training. The muscle-bone CSA increased 4.5% (p<0.01) in the KAATSU group but decreased 1% (p>0.05) in the control group. Quadriceps and hamstrings MTH increased (p<0.01) by 5.9% and 4.5%, respectively, in the KAATSU group but did not change in the control group. Leg press strength increased (9.6%, p<0.01) in the KAATSU group but not (4.8%, p>0.05) in the control group. Overall 30-m dash times improved (p<0.05) in the KAATSU-training group, with significant improvements (p<0.01) occurring during the initial acceleration phase (0-10m) but not in the other phases (10-20m and 20-30m). None of the jumping performances improved (p>0.05) for either the KAATSU or control groups. These data indicated that eight days of KAATSU-training improved sprint but not jump performance in collegiate male track and field athletes.
著者
Souma S. Sawada A. Chen H. Sekine Y. Eto M. Koga T.
出版者
American Physical Society
雑誌
Physical review applied (ISSN:23317019)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.4, no.3, pp.34010, 2015-09-29
被引用文献数
15

We propose a lateral spin-blockade device that uses the interband Rashba effect in a symmetric double quantum well (QW), where the Rashba effect in the conventional sense vanishes because of its inversion symmetry. The interband Rashba effect manifests itself in the off-diagonal term (represented by the parameter eta) in the QW space using the bonding and antibonding basis [Esmerindo Bernardes, John Schliemann, Minchul Lee, J. Carlos Egues, and Daniel Loss, Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 076603 (2007)]. In such a system, spin selection is possible by tuning the device length, gate electric field and in-plane magnetic field. We particularly show illustrative mechanisms using a one-dimensional model with k = (k(F), 0), where the selected spin can be blocked completely in the presence of the in-plane magnetic field. While the inclusion of the finite k(y) and/or the gate electric field deteriorates the spin polarization P, finite values remain for P (P&gt;11%). Our proposal can also be regarded as an effective way of enhancing a variation of the Rashba-Edelstein effect, the generation of bulk spin polarization by electric current, based on semiconductor band engineering technology.
著者
小田原 謡子 Y. Odawara
出版者
中京大学教養部
雑誌
中京大学教養論叢 (ISSN:02867982)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, no.4, pp.p725-740, 1978

The Faerie Queene を書くにあたって Spenser が用いた方法は, C. S. Lewis の表現を借りるならば, 「アレゴリーの核を各々の巻に置ぎ, まわりをタイプのロマンスと呼ばれるもので囲み, 純粋に架空の逸話をちりばめる^1」というものである。第三巻に於けるアレゴリーの核は, Canto VIのGarden of Adonis と名付けられた豊饒の園であるが, この Garden of Adonis という名称は, Spenser の発案ではない。すでに紀元前700年に最古の記録を持つという Adonis 信仰の祭式の一部として存在したものであった。自然祭祀の一つである Adonis 祭祀に於て「はかない一時の美わしさと, すみやかな荒廃の象徴^2」とされていたGarden of Adonis と同じ名称を持つ Spenser の Garden of Adonis は, 生の豊饒が印象的な園であるが, これは, Adonis 祭祀の遠い記憶とどのような関係にあるものなのか。この園の描写にあらわれている豊饒, 輪廻, 再生の観念, 無常の観念と, Adonis 祭祀の記憶とのかかわりあいをさぐってみたい。
著者
Sugawara Y. Wright O. B. Matsuda O. Takigahira M. Tanaka Y. Tamura S. Gusev2 V. E.
出版者
American Physical Society
雑誌
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS (ISSN:00319007)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.88, no.18, pp.185504, 2002-04-18
被引用文献数
106

We present a new method for imaging surface phonon focusing and dispersion at frequencies up to 1 GHz that makes use of ultrafast optical excitation and detection. Animations of coherent surface phonon wave packets emanating from a point source on isotropic and anisotropic solids are obtained with micron lateral resolution. We resolve rounded-square shaped wave fronts on the (100) plane of LiF and discover isolated pockets of pseudosurface wave propagation with exceptionally high group velocity in the (001) plane of TeO2. Surface phonon refraction and concentration in a minute gold pyramid is also revealed.
著者
石田 秀一 林田 憲明 Y.M.生
出版者
医学書院
巻号頁・発行日
pp.819-821, 1998-08-01

急性心筋梗塞を起こした後の患者に,例えばLAD#6の梗塞後胸部V1〜V6でSTが上昇したままの心電図は結構みられます.このような場合は心室瘤ができている可能性があるといわれますが,心室瘤ができると,なぜSTは上昇したままになるのでしょうか.
著者
Fahad Y. Al-Juhaimi Kashif Ghafoor Mehmet Musa Özcan Nurhan Uslu Elfadıl E Babiker Isam A. Mohamed Ahmed Omer N. Alsawmahi
出版者
Japan Oil Chemists' Society
雑誌
Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.70, no.5, pp.607-613, 2021 (Released:2021-05-01)
参考文献数
36
被引用文献数
5

The oil recovery from Alyanak apricot kernel was 36.65% in control (unroasted) and increased to 43.77% in microwave-roasted kernels. The total phenolic contents in extracts from apricot kernel were between 0.06 (oven-roasted) and 0.20 mg GAE/100 g (microwave-roasted) while the antioxidant activity varied between 2.55 (oven-roasted) and 19.34% (microwave-roasted). Gallic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, (+)-catechin and 1,2-dihydroxybenzene were detected as the key phenolic constituents in apricot kernels. Gallic acid contents varied between 0.53 (control) and 1.10 mg/100 g (microwave-roasted) and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid contents were between 0.10 (control) and 0.35 mg/100 g (microwave-roasted). Among apricot oil fatty acids, palmitic acid contents ranged from 4.38 (oven-roasted) to 4.76% (microwave-roasted); oleic acid contents were between 65.73% (oven-roasted) and 66.15% (control) and linoleic acid contents varied between 26.55 (control) and 27.12% (oven-roasted).
著者
竹松 正樹 下 相慶 VOLKOV Y.N. 崔 ぴょん昊 羅 貞烈 金 くー 金 慶烈 蒲生 俊敬 磯田 豊 DANCHENKOV M GONCHAREKO I CREPON M. LI RongーFeng JI ZhougーZhe ZATSEPIN A.G MILLOT C. SU JiーLan 尹 宗煥 OSTROVSKII A 松野 健 柳 哲雄 山形 俊男 野崎 義行 大谷 清隆 小寺山 亘 今脇 資郎 増田 章 YUNG John-fung BYOG S-k. NA J.-y. KIM K.r. CHOI Byong-ho CREPON Michel 崔 秉昊 金 丘 オストロフスキー A.G YURASOV G.I. 金子 新 竹内 謙介 川建 和雄 JIーLAN Su FENG Li Rong FEI Ye Long YARICHIN V.G PONOMAREV V. RYABOV O.A.
出版者
九州大学
雑誌
国際学術研究
巻号頁・発行日
1993

1.本研究の特色は、研究分担者間の研究連絡・交流を促進し、研究成果の統合を図るに止まらず、研究課題に対する理解を格段に深めるのに必要な新しいデータセットの取得を提案し、実行することにある。実際、前年度の本研究主催の国際研究集会(福岡市)に於いて策定された計画に従い、平成6年7月に、日・韓・露の3国の参加を得て、日本海全域に亘る国際共同観測を実施した。この夏季観測では、海底までの精密CTD、化学計測、ドリフタ-の放流、測流用係留系(3本)の設置・回収と並んで、分担者の開発した特殊な曳航体を用いてクロロフィル、O_2、CO_2及び表層流速の測定が試みられた。特筆すべきは、日本海北部のロシア経済水域内の3点において、11ヶ月に及び長期測流データを取得したことである。これは、日本海誕生以来、初めて、日本海盆の中・深層の流動特性を明らかにしたもので貴重である。なお、現在、3本の係留計(うち1本にはセディメントトラップ付)が海中にあって測流中である。更に、冬期の過冷却による深層水の生成過程を調べる目的で、平成7年3月1日から、ウラジオストック沖において、3国共同観測が実施された。これは、次年度以降に予定されている本格的な冬季観測の準備観測として位置づけられている。2.現地観測による新しいデータセット取得の努力と並んで、室内実験に関する共同研究も活発に実施された。即ち、昨年度の研究集会での打ち合わせに従って、日・韓・露でそれぞれ冷却沈降過程に関する実験を進めるとともに、平成6年10月にはロシア・シルショフ研究所からディカレフ氏(研究協力者)を日本に招き、また、研究代表者が韓国漢陽大学を訪問し研究途中成果の比較検討を行った。この共同研究においては、特に、自由表面を確保する冷却(駆動)方法が試みられ、従来の固体表面を持つ実験と著しい差異があることを見出した。しかし、こうした実験結果を現実の沈降現象と結びつけるには、冬季における集中的現地観測の成果を持たねばならない。3.昨年1月の研究集会での検討・打合わせに従って、日・韓・仏・中・(米)の研究者により、日本海及び東シナ海域に関する数値モデル研究が共同で進められた。その成果として、東韓暖流の挙動(特に離岸現象)を忠実に再現できる新しい日本海数値モデルを開発するとともに、黒潮を含む東シナ海域の季節変動のメカニズムを解明するための数値モデル研究がなされた。4.夏季観測の際に放流したドリフタ-(アルゴスブイ)の挙動は韓国・成均館大学及び海洋研究所で受信され、衛星の熱赤外画像と高度計データは九州大学で連続的に収集された。こうした表層に関する情報を有機的に結合し、検討するため、平成7年1月に成均館大学の崔教授が九州大学を訪問した。5.以上の共同研究活動の全成果を多面的に検討し統合するために、平成6年11月7〜8日の2日間に亘り、韓国ソウル大学に於いて開催された国際研究集会に参加した。この集会には、日本・韓国・ロシアから、一般参加も含めて、約70名の参加者があった。参加者の専門分野が、海洋物理、化学、海洋工学及び生態学と多岐にわたっていることは学際性を標ぼうする本研究の特色を象徴するものである。アメリカからも2名の特別参加があり、本研究が口火を切った日本海及び東シナ海に関する学際的・国際的研究に対するアメリカの並々ならぬ関心が表明された。なお、ここで公表・検討された成果は、逐次、学術誌において印刷公表される予定である。過去2年に亘る本研究成果の総括もなされたが、そこでは、本研究が取得した新しいデータセットは、問題に解答を与えるというよりも、むしろ、新たな問題を提起する性質のものであることが認識された。そのため、最終セッションでは、提起された問題を解明して行くための今後の方策(主に現地観測)が詳細に検討された。
著者
Kobayashi J. Toyama Y.
出版者
気象庁気象研究所
雑誌
Papers in Meteorology and Geophysics (ISSN:0031126X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.1, pp.1-22, 1960

高層大気の温度測定においては 日射誤差と遅れによる誤差が 系統的な誤差の主なものである 日本のラジオゾンデの日射誤差に対する補正は気圧400mb以下の高層資料に対しては既になされているが遅れに基く誤差は考量されていない<BR>この報告の目的は 日射誤差が 補正された改良型のバイメタル温度計が 気温の真値を得たい要求に充分答えうるものかどうかを明にすることである<BR>改良型温度計は 二つのバイメタル片からなり立って 一つには銀鍍金され 他は黒化されたものを用い これらを用いて日射に基く誤差を補正し 気温の真値を指示するように工夫されている<BR>通風筒で遮蔽されたラジオゾンデ用温度計の日射誤差及び遅れによる誤差を見積るために 一連の比較飛揚試験及び実験室におていて 多くの試験が行われた これらの結果によると 太陽高慶角30° において 理在使用されている補正表による日射誤差の差の補正量は少な目で 実際の日射誤差の半分程度しか補正されておらず又遅れの時定数は大凡100mbで14秒 200mbで40秒 50mbで120秒 20mbで280秒程度のものであることを示した<BR>1956年2月に行われた昼と夜の観測から観測された気温差が若干認められ測定器の測定誤差が±0.50℃であるとすると 気温の日変化の量は100mbで 0.15℃, 50mbで 0.3℃ の値を持つことが推定された<BR>この報告は1955年4月から1956年2月に互って実験された結果を集約したものである
著者
Yoshinori Abe Keisuke Meguriya Takahisa Matsuzaki Teruki Sugiyama Hiroshi Y. Yoshikawa Miyo Terao Morita Masatsugu Toyota
出版者
Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology
雑誌
Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.37, no.4, pp.405-415, 2020-12-25 (Released:2020-12-25)
参考文献数
59
被引用文献数
1 7

Intracellular sedimentation of highly dense, starch-filled amyloplasts toward the gravity vector is likely a key initial step for gravity sensing in plants. However, recent live-cell imaging technology revealed that most amyloplasts continuously exhibit dynamic, saltatory movements in the endodermal cells of Arabidopsis stems. These complicated movements led to questions about what type of amyloplast movement triggers gravity sensing. Here we show that a confocal microscope equipped with optical tweezers can be a powerful tool to trap and manipulate amyloplasts noninvasively, while simultaneously observing cellular responses such as vacuolar dynamics in living cells. A near-infrared (λ=1064 nm) laser that was focused into the endodermal cells at 1 mW of laser power attracted and captured amyloplasts at the laser focus. The optical force exerted on the amyloplasts was theoretically estimated to be up to 1 pN. Interestingly, endosomes and trans-Golgi network were trapped at 30 mW but not at 1 mW, which is probably due to lower refractive indices of these organelles than that of the amyloplasts. Because amyloplasts are in close proximity to vacuolar membranes in endodermal cells, their physical interaction could be visualized in real time. The vacuolar membranes drastically stretched and deformed in response to the manipulated movements of amyloplasts by optical tweezers. Our new method provides deep insights into the biophysical properties of plant organelles in vivo and opens a new avenue for studying gravity-sensing mechanisms in plants.