著者
山本 準 岡島 典子 Jun YAMAMOTO Noriko OKAJIMA
出版者
鳴門教育大学
雑誌
鳴門教育大学研究紀要 = Research bulletin of Naruto University of Education (ISSN:18807194)
巻号頁・発行日
no.36, pp.157-176, 2021-03-10

The main subject of this article is to consider about the vocational qualification in field of sociology. There were fewer analyses about the vocational qualification than an educational qualification until now. The vocational qualification is not only related to the personal social status formation but affecting the industrial structure itself. In reference to precedent studies, for instance R.Collins and P.Bourdieu, I considered vocational qualification by using data and theory, from new two viewpoints. Two viewpoints are "vocational qualification for occupational cohort" and "vocational qualification for nation". As a result, the occupational cohort fights for acquisition of own occupational prestige in society, and because the nation gives national qualifications to workers, it promotes stability of the industrial structure. At the same time, there is the vocational qualification system in the possibility to contribute to immobilization and reproduction of the hierarchy. In late years, by a change of the labor circumstances, the meaning of the vocational qualification is changing, too. The vocational qualification raises one's social status by getting it. But, it is changing into a thing acquiring it as skill proof for continuing with one's work.
著者
Rongrong JIANG Satoshi YAMAORI Yasuka OKAMOTO Ikuo YAMAMOTO Kazuhito WATANABE
出版者
The Japanese Society for the Study of Xenobiotics
雑誌
Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics (ISSN:13474367)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.4, pp.332-338, 2013 (Released:2013-08-25)
参考文献数
49
被引用文献数
151

The present study investigated the inhibitory effect of cannabidiol (CBD), a major constituent of marijuana, on the catalytic activity of cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19). (S)-Mephenytoin 4′-hydroxylase activities of human liver microsomes (HLMs) and recombinant CYP2C19 were inhibited by CBD in a concentration-dependent manner (IC50 = 8.70 and 2.51 µM, respectively). Omeprazole 5-hydroxylase and 3-O-methylfluorescein O-demethylase activities in recombinant CYP2C19 were also strongly inhibited by CBD (IC50 = 1.55 and 1.79 µM, respectively). Kinetic analysis for inhibition revealed that CBD showed a mixed-type inhibition against (S)-mephenytoin 4′-hydroxylation by recombinant CYP2C19. To clarify the structural requirements for CBD-mediated CYP2C19 inhibition, the effects of CBD-related compounds on CYP2C19 activity were examined. Olivetol inhibited the (S)-mephenytoin 4′-hydroxylase activity of recombinant CYP2C19 with the IC50 value of 15.3 µM, whereas d-limonene slightly inhibited the activity (IC50 > 50 µM). The inhibitory effect of CBD-2′-monomethyl ether (IC50 = 1.88 µM) on CYP2C19 was comparable to that of CBD, although the inhibitory potency of CBD-2′,6′-dimethyl ether (IC50 = 14.8 µM) was lower than that of CBD. Cannabidivarin, possessing a propyl side chain, showed slightly less potent inhibition (IC50 = 3.45 µM) as compared with CBD, whereas orcinol and resorcinol did not inhibit CYP2C19 activity at all. These results indicate that CBD caused potent CYP2C19 inhibition, in which one free phenolic hydroxyl group and the pentyl side chain of CBD may play important roles.
著者
吉川 貴仁 山本 佐保 田中 繁宏 Takahito Yoshikawa Saho Yamamoto Shigehiro Tanaka
雑誌
健康運動科学 (ISSN:2185338X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, no.1, pp.1-8, 2011-10-25

Appetite is a key factor for adjustment or disruption of energy balance(EB) in modern society. Contrary to expectation, energy expenditure(EE) caused by exercise does not increase the feeling of hunger or subsequent energy intake(EI), resulting in negative EB. The gut hormone family, known to play important roles in appetite regulation, is divided into 2 categories; orexigenic ghrelin and anorexigenic hormones, such as glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY), all of which are released from the gastrointestinal tract in response to nutritional conditions. Recent findings have suggested that both single bouts of exercise and repeated habitual exercise modify the plasma levels of gut hormones related to appetite decrease. Appetite is regulated not only by the hypothalamus and brainstem, which receive neural and humoral signals arising peripherally from gastrointestinal organs and adipose tissues, such as the vagal nerves, leptin, and gut hormones, but also by higher brain centers, in which sensory, reward, and cognitive factors are involved. Most importantly, appetitive motivation generates real action, resulting in individual eating behavior. This review aims to highlight changes in appetite and EI caused by various types of exercise, the physiological characteristics and actions of various gut hormone family members, as well as the association of exercise with blood kinetics of the gut hormone family and its relevance in regulation of appetite and EB. In addition, future perspectives regarding this field of research are discussed.
著者
Naoshi Hirata Shiro Ohmi Shin'ichi Sakai Kei Katsumata Satoshi Matsumoto Tetsuo Takanami Akira Yamamoto Takashi Iidaka Taku Urabe Mayumi Sekine Tooru Ooida Fumihito Yamazaki Hiroshi Katao Yasuhiro Umeda Masao Nakamura Norihiko Seto Takeshi Matsushima Hiroshi Shimizu Japanese University Group of the Urgent Joint
出版者
The Seismological Society of Japan, The Volcanological Society of Japan, The Geodetic Society of Japan
雑誌
Journal of Physics of the Earth (ISSN:00223743)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.44, no.4, pp.317-328, 1996 (Released:2009-04-30)
参考文献数
21
被引用文献数
41 43

A disastrous earthquake with a magnitude of 7.2 hit the southern part of Hyogo Prefecture on January 17, 1995. The mainshock was located on an active fault of the Arima-Takatsuki-Rokko fault system. Its focal mechanism was consistent with a right-lateral strike-slip fault trending N40°E. Three days after the occurrence of the mainshock, we started to install a highly dense seismic array in and around the fault area of the quake. Two permanent regional seismic networks of more than 30 stations covered the entire area of 200 km × 200 km. The temporarily installed array of 27 stations spanned the fault area of 15 km × 50 km. All data were telemetered to a temporary observation center at Uji. We located about 3, 100 aftershocks in real time for 1 month using an Internet connection between seismic networks. The aftershock area extended 70 km trending northeast to southwest. Hypocenters determined by the network were delivered automatically through the Internet. We found that the aftershock distribution was heterogeneous in space and time: seven clusters of hypocenters were identified and temporary variation in the rate of occurrence of aftershocks had a periodic component with periods of a half of day, 1 day, and 3 days, that are superimposed on decaying of the rate following Omori's law.
著者
Mituo Ikenaga Isao Yoshikawa Moto Kojo Toshikazu Ayaki Haruko Ryo Kanji Ishizaki Tomohisa Kato Hanako Yamamoto Ryujiro Hara
出版者
Japanese Society for Biological Sciences in Space
雑誌
Biological Sciences in Space (ISSN:09149201)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.4, pp.346-350, 1997 (Released:2006-02-01)
参考文献数
18
被引用文献数
40 50

To examine the possible effects of space radiation on living organisms, fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster were loaded on the US Space Shuttle Endeavour, and after the flight we have analyzed two types of mutations, sex-linked recessive lethal mutations induced in male reproductive cells and somatic mutations which give rise to morphological changes in hairs growing on the surface of wing epidermal cells. Wild type strains and a radiation-sensitive strain mei-41 were used. The frequencies of sex-linked recessive lethal mutations in flight groups were 2 and 3 times higher for wild type Canton-S and mei-41 strains, respectively, than those in ground control groups. By contrast, the frequencies of wing-hair somatic mutations differed little between flight and control groups. The possibility that the space environment causes mutations in certain types of cells such as male reproductive cells, is discussed.
著者
Hirohisa MEKATA Mari YAMAMOTO Yumi KIRINO Satoshi SEKIGUCHI Satoru KONNAI Yoichiro HORII Junzo NORIMINE
出版者
JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.80, no.2, pp.316-319, 2018 (Released:2018-02-20)
参考文献数
22
被引用文献数
3 11

The European Community’s (EC) Key, which is also called Bendixen’s Key, is a well-established bovine leukemia virus (BLV) diagnostic method that classifies cattle according to the absolute lymphocyte count and age. The EC Key was originally designed for dairy cattle and is not necessarily suitable for Japanese Black (JB) beef cattle. This study revealed the lymphocyte counts in the BLV-free and -infected JB cattle were significantly lower than those in the Holstein cattle. Therefore, applying the EC Key to JB cattle could result in a large number of undetected BLV-infected cattle. Our proposed hematological key, which was designed for JB cattle, improves the detection of BLV-infected cattle by approximately 20%. We believe that this study could help promote BLV control.
著者
Takashi Sekiya Yugo Kanaya Kengo Sudo Fumikazu Taketani Yoko Iwamoto Maki N. Aita Akitomo Yamamoto Katsuhiro Kawamoto
出版者
Meteorological Society of Japan
雑誌
SOLA (ISSN:13496476)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.16, pp.220-227, 2020 (Released:2020-11-25)
参考文献数
52
被引用文献数
6

We quantified the global bromine- and iodine-mediated tropospheric ozone loss using global chemical transport model simulations. We tested three datasets of very short-lived substances (VSLS) emissions, three datasets of sea surface iodide concentrations, and an explicit representation of the effects of multi-phase reactions at the air-sea boundary on dry deposition. We then determined optimal model settings based on the evaluation using the ship-borne and aircraft-campaign observations over the ocean. Our evaluation suggested that the explicit representation of multi-phase reaction effects substantially reduced model biases of ozone in the lower troposphere (up to 11%). Moreover, the impacts of using different datasets of VSLS emissions and sea-surface iodide concentrations were relatively small. The global bromine- and iodine-mediated chemical ozone losses were estimated to account for 4% and 17% of the total chemical loss, respectively, while the global iodine-mediated dry deposition loss of ozone was estimated to account for 22% of the global total dry deposition. These bromine- and iodine-mediated ozone losses decreased surface ozone concentrations over the ocean by 10% and 23%, respectively. The observational constraint on model simulations made by this study supports that bromine and iodine substantially impact global tropospheric ozone through atmospheric chemical reactions and dry deposition processes.
著者
Aad G. Abbott B. Abdallah J. Abdinov O. Aben R. Abolins M. AbouZeid O. S. Abramowicz H. Abreu H. Abreu R. Abulaiti Y. Howard J. Pallin D. Palma A. Pan Y. B. St. Panagiotopoulou E. Pandini C. E. Panduro Vazquez J. G. Pani P. Panitkin S. Pantea D. Agricola J. Howarth J. Bellagamba L. Paolozzi L. Papadopoulou Th D. Papageorgiou K. Paramonov A. Paredes Hernandez D. Parker M. A. Parker K. A. Parodi F. Parsons J. A. Hrabovsky M. Parzefall U. Bellerive A. Pasqualucci E. Passaggio S. Pastore F. Pastore Fr Pásztor G. Pataraia S. Patel N. D. Pater J. R. Hristova I. Pauly T. Pearce J. Bellomo M. Pearson B. Pedersen L. E. Pedersen M. Pedraza Lopez S. Pedro R. Peleganchuk S. V. Pelikan D. Hrivnac J. Penc O. Peng C. Peng H. Belotskiy K. Penning B. Penwell J. Perepelitsa D. V. Perez Codina E. Pérez García-Estañ M. T. Perini L. Hryn'ova T. Pernegger H. Perrella S. Peschke R. Peshekhonov V. D. Beltramello O. Peters K. Peters R. F Y Petersen B. A. Petersen T. C. Petit E. Hrynevich A. Petridis A. Petridou C. Petroff P. Petrolo E. Petrucci F. Benary O. Pettersson N. E. Pezoa R. Phillips P. W. Piacquadio G. Hsu C. Pianori E. Picazio A. Piccaro E. Piccinini M. Pickering M. A. Piegaia R. Benchekroun D. Pignotti D. T. Pilcher J. E. Pilkington A. D. Hsu P. J. Pin A. W J Pina J. Pinamonti M. Pinfold J. L. Pingel A. Pires S. Pirumov H. Bender M. Pitt M. Pizio C. Hsu S. C. Plazak L. Pleier M. A. Pleskot V. Plotnikova E. Plucinski P. Pluth D. Poettgen R. Poggioli L. Bendtz K. Pohl D. Artz S. Atlay N. B. Polesello G. Poley A. Policicchio A. Polifka R. Polini A. Pollard C. S. Polychronakos V. Pommès K. Pontecorvo L. Benekos N. Hu D. Pope B. G. Popeneciu G. A. Popovic D. S. Poppleton A. Pospisil S. Potamianos K. Potrap I. N. Potter C. J. Potter C. T. Poulard G. Hu Q. Aguilar-Saavedra J. A. Benhammou Y. Poveda J. Pozdnyakov V. Pozo Astigarraga M. E. Pralavorio P. Pranko A. Prasad S. Prell S. Price D. Hu X. Price L. E. Primavera M. Benhar Noccioli E. Prince S. Proissl M. Prokofiev K. Prokoshin F. Protopapadaki E. Protopopescu S. Proudfoot J. Huang Y. Przybycien M. Ptacek E. Puddu D. Benitez Garcia J. A. Pueschel E. Puldon D. Purohit M. Puzo P. Qian J. Qin G. Hubacek Z. Qin Y. Quadt A. Quarrie D. R. Quayle W. B. Benjamin D. P. Queitsch-Maitland M. Quilty D. Raddum S. Radeka V. Radescu V. Hubaut F. Radhakrishnan S. K. Radloff P. Rados P. Ragusa F. Rahal G. Bensinger J. R. Rajagopalan S. Rammensee M. Rangel-Smith C. Rauscher F. Huegging F. Rave S. Ravenscroft T. Raymond M. Read A. L. Readioff N. P. Rebuzzi D. M. Bentvelsen S. Redelbach A. Redlinger G. Reece R. Huffman T. B. Reeves K. Rehnisch L. Reichert J. Reisin H. Rembser C. Ren H. Renaud A. Beresford L. Rescigno M. Resconi S. Hughes E. W. Rezanova O. L. Reznicek P. Rezvani R. Richter R. Richter S. Richter-Was E. Ricken O. Ridel M. Beretta M. Rieck P. Hariri F. Hughes G. Riegel C. J. Rieger J. Rifki O. Rijssenbeek M. Rimoldi A. Rinaldi L. Ristić B. Ritsch E. Riu I. Berge D. Acharya B. S. Rizatdinova F. Rizvi E. Robertson S. H. Robichaud-Veronneau A. Robinson D. Robinson J. E M Robson A. Roda C. Roe S. Røhne O. Augsten K. Bergeaas Kuutmann E. Romaniouk A. Romano M. Romano Saez S. M. Romero Adam E. Rompotis N. Ronzani M. Roos L. Ros E. Rosati S. Huhtinen M. Rosbach K. Ahlen S. P. Berger N. Rose P. Rosenthal O. Rossetti V. Rossi E. Rossi L. P. Rosten J. H N Rosten R. Hülsing T. A. Rotaru M. Roth I. Rothberg J. Berghaus F. Rousseau D. Royon C. R. Rozanov A. Rozen Y. Ruan X. Rubbo F. Huseynov N. Rubinskiy I. Rud V. I. Rudolph C. Rudolph M. S. Beringer J. Rühr F. Ruiz-Martinez A. Rurikova Z. Rusakovich N. A. Ruschke A. Huston J. Russell H. L. Rutherfoord J. P. Ruthmann N. Ryabov Y. F. Rybar M. Bernard C. Rybkin G. Ryder N. C. Ryzhov A. Saavedra A. F. Huth J. Sabato G. Sacerdoti S. Saddique A. Sadrozinski H. F W Sadykov R. Safai Tehrani F. Bernard N. R. Saha P. Sahinsoy M. Saimpert M. Iacobucci G. Saito T. Sakamoto H. Sakurai Y. Salamanna G. Salamon A. Salazar Loyola J. E. Saleem M. Bernius C. Salek D. Sales De Bruin P. H. Iakovidis G. Salihagic D. Salnikov A. Salt J. Salvatore D. Salvatore F. Salvucci A. Salzburger A. Sammel D. Bernlochner F. U. Sampsonidis D. Harkusha S. Ibragimov I. Sanchez A. Sánchez J. Sanchez Martinez V. Sandaker H. Sandbach R. L. Sander H. G. Sanders M. P. Sandhoff M. Sandoval C. Berry T. Iconomidou-Fayard L. Sandstroem R. Sankey D. P C Sannino M. Sansoni A. Santoni C. Santonico R. Santos H. Santoyo Castillo I. Sapp K. Sapronov A. Ideal E. Berta P. Saraiva J. G. Sarrazin B. Sasaki O. Sasaki Y. Sato K. Sauvage G. Sauvan E. Savage G. Savard P. Aurousseau M. Sawyer C. Bertella C. Sawyer L. Saxon J. Sbarra C. Sbrizzi A. Scanlon T. Scannicchio D. A. Scarcella M. Scarfone V. Idrissi Z. Schaarschmidt J. Schacht P. Ahmadov F. Bertoli G. Schaefer D. Schaefer R. Schaeffer J. Schaepe S. Schaetzel S. Schäfer U. Iengo P. Schaffer A. C. Schaile D. Schamberger R. D. Scharf V. Bertolucci F. Schegelsky V. A. Scheirich D. Schernau M. Schiavi C. Schillo C. Igonkina O. Schioppa M. Schlenker S. Schmieden K. Schmitt C. Schmitt S. Bertsche C. Schmitt S. Schmitz S. Schneider B. Schnellbach Y. J. Iizawa T. Schnoor U. Schoeffel L. Schoening A. Schoenrock B. D. Schopf E. Schorlemmer A. L S Bertsche D. Schott M. Schouten D. Schovancova J. Ikegami Y. Schramm S. Schreyer M. Schuh N. Schultens M. J. Schultz-Coulon H. C. Schulz H. Schumacher M. Besana M. I. Schumm B. A. Schune Ph Ikeno M. Schwanenberger C. Schwartzman A. Schwarz T. A. Schwegler Ph Schweiger H. Schwemling Ph Schwienhorst R. Schwindling J. Besjes G. J. Schwindt T. Harrington R. D. Ilchenko Y. Scifo E. Sciolla G. Scuri F. Scutti F. Searcy J. Sedov G. Sedykh E. Seema P. Seidel S. C. Bessidskaia Bylund O. Iliadis D. Seiden A. Seifert F. Seixas J. M. Sekhniaidze G. Sekhon K. Sekula S. J. Seliverstov D. M. Semprini-Cesari N. Serfon C. Serin L. Ilic N. Bessner M. Serkin L. Serre T. Sessa M. Seuster R. Severini H. Sfiligoj T. Sforza F. Sfyrla A. Shabalina E. Ince T. Shamim M. Besson N. Shan L. Y. 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Mellado Garcia B. R. Meloni F. Mengarelli A. Menke S. Hines E. Meoni E. Mercurio K. M. Mergelmeyer S. Bauer F. Mermod P. Merola L. Meroni C. Merritt F. S. Messina A. Metcalfe J. Hinman R. R. Mete A. S. Meyer C. Meyer C. Meyer J. P. Bawa H. S. Meyer J. Meyer Zu Theenhausen H. Middleton R. P. Miglioranzi S. Mijović L. Hirose M. Mikenberg G. Mikestikova M. Mikuž M. Milesi M. Milic A. Beacham J. B. Miller D. W. Mills C. Milov A. Milstead D. A. Assamagan K. Minaenko A. A. Minami Y. Minashvili I. A. Mincer A. I. Mindur B. Mineev M. Beattie M. D. Ming Y. Mir L. M. Mistry K. P. Hirschbuehl D. Mitani T. Mitrevski J. Mitsou V. A. Miucci A. Miyagawa P. S. Mjörnmark J. U. Moa T. Affolder A. A. Beau T. Mochizuki K. Hobbs J. Mohapatra S. Mohr W. Molander S. Moles-Valls R. Monden R. Mondragon M. C. Mönig K. Monini C. Monk J. Beauchemin P. H. Hod N. Monnier E. Montalbano A. Montejo Berlingen J. Monticelli F. Monzani S. Moore R. W. Morange N. Moreno D. Moreno Llácer M. Morettini P. Hodgkinson M. C. Beccherle R. Mori D. Mori T. Morii M. Morinaga M. Morisbak V. Moritz S. Morley A. K. Mornacchi G. Morris J. D. Hodgson P. Mortensen S. S. Bechtle P. Morton A. Morvaj L. Mosidze M. Moss J. Motohashi K. Mount R. Mountricha E. Mouraviev S. V. Hoecker A. Moyse E. J W Muanza S. Beck H. P. Mudd R. D. Mueller F. Mueller J. Mueller R. S P Mueller T. Muenstermann D. Mullen P. Hoeferkamp M. R. Mullier G. A. Munoz Sanchez F. J. Murillo Quijada J. A. Becker K. Murray W. J. Musheghyan H. Musto E. Myagkov A. G. Myska M. Nachman B. P. Hoenig F. Nackenhorst O. Nadal J. Nagai K. Nagai R. Becker M. Nagai Y. Nagano K. Nagarkar A. Nagasaka Y. Nagata K. Hohlfeld M. Nagel M. Nagy E. Nairz A. M. Nakahama Y. Nakamura K. Beckingham M. Nakamura T. Nakano I. Namasivayam H. Naranjo Garcia R. F. Hohn D. Narayan R. Narrias Villar D. I. Naumann T. Navarro G. Nayyar R. Neal H. A. Becot C. Nechaeva P. Yu Neep T. J. Nef P. D. Astalos R. Negri A. Negrini M. Nektarijevic S. Nellist C. Nelson A. Nemecek S. Nemethy P. Beddall A. J. Nepomuceno A. A. Nessi M. Holmes T. R. Neubauer M. S. Neumann M. Neves R. M. Nevski P. Newman P. R. Nguyen D. H. Nickerson R. B. Nicolaidou R. Agatonovic-Jovin T. Beddall A. Homann M. Nicquevert B. Nielsen J. Nikiforou N. Nikiforov A. Nikolaenko V. Nikolic-Audit I. Nikolopoulos K. Nilsen J. K. Nilsson P. Ninomiya Y. Hong T. M. Bednyakov V. A. Nisati A. Nisius R. Nobe T. Nodulman L. Nomachi M. Nomidis I. Nooney T. Norberg S. Nordberg M. Hooberman B. H. Novgorodova O. Bee C. P. Nowak S. Nozaki M. Nozka L. Ntekas K. Nunes Hanninger G. Nunnemann T. Nurse E. Nuti F. Hopkins W. H. O'grady F. O'Neil D. C. Beemster L. J. O'Shea V. Oakham F. G. Oberlack H. Obermann T. Ocariz J. Ochi A. Ochoa I. Horii Y. Ochoa-Ricoux J. P. Oda S. Odaka S. Beermann T. A. Ogren H. Oh A. Oh S. H. Ohm C. C. Ohman H. Oide H. Horton A. J. Okamura W. Okawa H. Okumura Y. Okuyama T. Begel M. Olariu A. Olivares Pino S. A. Oliveira Damazio D. Olszewski A. Olszowska J. Hostachy J. Y. Onofre A. Onogi K. Onyisi P. U E Oram C. J. Oreglia M. J. Behr J. K. Oren Y. Orestano D. Orlando N. Oropeza Barrera C. Hou S. Orr R. S. Osculati B. Ospanov R. Otero y Garzon G. Otono H. Ouchrif M. Belanger-Champagne C. Ould-Saada F. Ouraou A. Oussoren K. P. Hoummada A. Ouyang Q. Ovcharova A. Owen M. Owen R. E. Ozcan V. E. Ozturk N. Pachal K. Bell W. H. Pacheco Pages A. Padilla Aranda C. Atkinson M. Pagáčová M. Pagan Griso S. Paganis E. Paige F. Pais P. Pajchel K. Palacino G. Palestini S. Bella G. Palka M.
出版者
Elsevier
雑誌
Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics (ISSN:03702693)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.756, pp.228-246, 2016-05
被引用文献数
32

This Letter presents evidence for single top-quark production in the s-channel using proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The analysis is performed on events containing one isolated electron or muon, large missing transverse momentum and exactly two b-tagged jets in the final state. The analysed data set corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb-1. The signal is extracted using a maximum-likelihood fit of a discriminant which is based on the matrix element method and optimized in order to separate single-top-quark s-channel events from the main background contributions, which are top-quark pair production and W boson production in association with heavy-flavour jets. The measurement leads to an observed signal significance of 3.2 standard deviations and a measured cross-section of σs=4.8±0.8(stat.)-1.3+1.6(syst.) pb, which is consistent with the Standard Model expectation. The expected significance for the analysis is 3.9 standard deviations.
著者
Kobayashi Manami Kumagai Yuya Yamamoto Yohei Yasui Hajime Kishimura Hideki
出版者
MDPI
雑誌
Marine drugs (ISSN:16603397)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, no.3, pp.174, 2020-03
被引用文献数
14

Red alga dulse possesses a unique xylan, which is composed of a linear beta-(1 -> 3)/beta-(1 -> 4)-xylosyl linkage. We previously prepared characteristic xylooligosaccharide (DX3, (beta-(1 -> 3)-xylosyl-xylobiose)) from dulse. In this study, we evaluated the prebiotic effect of DX3 on enteric bacterium. Although DX3 was utilized by Bacteroides sp. and Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bacteroides Ksp. grew slowly as compared with beta-(1 -> 4)-xylotriose (X3) but B. adolescentis grew similar to X3. Therefore, we aimed to find the key DX3 hydrolysis enzymes in B. adolescentis. From bioinformatics analysis, two enzymes from the glycoside hydrolase family 43 (BAD0423: subfamily 12 and BAD0428: subfamily 11) were selected and expressed in Escherichia coli. BAD0423 hydrolyzed beta-(1 -> 3)-xylosyl linkage in DX3 with the specific activity of 2988 mU/mg producing xylose (X1) and xylobiose (X2), and showed low activity on X2 and X3. BAD0428 showed high activity on X2 and X3 producing X1, and the activity of BAD0428 on DX3 was 1298 mU/mg producing X1. Cooperative hydrolysis of DX3 was found in the combination of BAD0423 and BAD0428 producing X1 as the main product. From enzymatic character, hydrolysis of X3 was completed by one enzyme BAD0428, whereas hydrolysis of DX3 needed more than two enzymes.
著者
Takashi Sekiya Yugo Kanaya Kengo Sudo Fumikazu Taketani Yoko Iwamoto Maki N. Aita Akitomo Yamamoto Katsuhiro Kawamoto
出版者
Meteorological Society of Japan
雑誌
SOLA (ISSN:13496476)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2020-037, (Released:2020-10-15)
被引用文献数
6

We quantified the global bromine- and iodine-mediated tropospheric ozone loss using global chemical transport model simulations. We tested three datasets of very short-lived substances (VSLS) emissions, three datasets of sea surface iodide concentrations, and an explicit representation of the effects of multi-phase reactions at the air-sea boundary on dry deposition. We then determined optimal model settings based on the evaluation using the ship-borne and aircraft-campaign observations over the ocean. Our evaluation suggested that the explicit representation of multi-phase reaction effects substantially reduced model biases of ozone in the lower troposphere (up to 11%). Moreover, the impacts of using different datasets of VSLS emissions and sea-surface iodide concentrations were relatively small. The global bromine- and iodine-mediated chemical ozone losses were estimated to account for 4% and 17% of the total chemical loss, respectively, while the global iodine-mediated dry deposition loss of ozone was estimated to account for 22% of the global total dry deposition. These bromine- and iodine-mediated ozone losses decreased surface ozone concentrations over the ocean by 10% and 23%, respectively. The observational constraint on model simulations made by this study supports that bromine and iodine substantially impact global tropospheric ozone through atmospheric chemical reactions and dry deposition processes.
著者
小柳 隆人 Kotaro YAMAMOTO 鈴木 健太郎 君塚 涼
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会全国大会論文集 第34回全国大会(2020)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.4Q2GS901, 2020 (Released:2020-06-19)

Open-Domain Question-Answeringは機械読解と情報検索の複合タスクであり,通常のQuestion Answeringのタスクと異なり,質問の解答を含む文献データがないため,文献候補を発見する必要がある.本論文ではこのタスクの解決のために,1. 機械読解学習データに基づくクエリの拡張,2. 機械読解の出力活性化関数のsigmoid化,3. 機械読解スコアのマージとランキングの3つのアプローチを提案する.評価実験では文献データを取り除いた日本語の質問応答データセットを用い,従来の手法を適用した場合に比べ,提案手法の回答精度が向上したことで提案手法の有効性を示す.
著者
福田 智子 山本 愛奈 李 羽 耕三寺 華蓮 大久保 孝晃 徐 嘉楓 胡 淑雲 フクダ トモコ ヤマモト アイナ リー ユー コウサンジ カレン オオクボ タカアキ ジョ カフウ Fukuda Tomoko Yamamoto Aina Li Yu Kosanji Karen Okubo Takaaki Xu Jiafeng Hu Shuyun
出版者
同志社大学文化情報学会
雑誌
文化情報学 = Journal of culture and information science (ISSN:18808603)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.14, no.2, pp.38-28, 2019-03

本稿は、「同志社大学文化情報学部蔵『源氏絵所屏風言葉書』翻刻と考察(桐壺巻~野分巻)」に引き続き、当該書の御幸巻から幻巻の本文系統と、それが指し示す源氏絵の図柄を類型に照らして考察するものである。本文は、北村季吟『湖月抄』(延宝三年〈一六七五〉刊)と一致する帖もあるが、青表紙本系統の三條西家本との共通性が目立つ。また、本書が示す図柄を『源氏物語』承応三年(一六五四)版本の挿絵と比較すると、共通するものも多いが、幻巻では、紫上の死に関連した通常の類型的な場面を避けるといった図柄の選択が行われていると考えられる。資料紹介
著者
Kayoko Hayakawa Satoshi Kutsuna Takeo Kawamata Yuko Sugiki Chiharu Nonaka Keiko Tanaka Michi Shoji Masaki Nagai Shunsuke Tezuka Kazuyuki Shinya Hiroki Saito Takahiro Harada Nin Moriya Motoyuki Tsuboi Masataro Norizuki Yasuo Sugiura Yasuyo Osanai Masaya Sugiyama Ayako Okuhama Kohei Kanda Yuji Wakimoto Mugen Ujiie Shinichiro Morioka Kei Yamamoto Noriko Kinoshita Masahiro Ishikane Sho Saito Yuki Moriyama Masayuki Ota Keiji Nakamura Takato Nakamoto Satoshi Ide Hidetoshi Nomoto Yutaro Akiyama Tetsuya Suzuki Yusuke Miyazato Yoshiaki Gu Nobuaki Matsunaga Shinya Tsuzuki Yumiko Fujitomo Yoshiki Kusama Hiroyuki Shichino Masao Kaneshige Junko Yamanaka Miki Saito Masayuki Hojo Masao Hashimoto Shinyu Izumi Jin Takasaki Manabu Suzuki Keita Sakamoto Yukio Hiroi Sakurako Emoto Makoto Tokuhara Toshiaki Kobayashi Koichiro Tomiyama Fumihiko Nakamura Norio Ohmagari Haruhito Sugiyama
出版者
National Center for Global Health and Medicine
雑誌
Global Health & Medicine (ISSN:24349186)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2020.01036, (Released:2020-04-29)
参考文献数
11
被引用文献数
25

Due to the significant spread of a new type of coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infection (COVID-19) in China, the Chinese government blockaded several cities in Hubei Province. Japanese citizens lost a means of transportation to return back to Japan. The National Center for Global Health and Medicine (NCGM) helped the operation of charter flights for evacuation of Japanese residents from Hubei Province, and this article outlines our experiences. A total of five charter flights were dispatched, and the majority of returnees (793/829 [95.7%]) were handled at NCGM. A large number of personnel from various departments participated in this operation; 107 physicians, 115 nurses, 110 clerical staff, and 45 laboratory technicians in total. Several medical translators were also involved. In this operation, we conducted airborne precautions in addition to contact precautions. Eye shields were also used. The doctors collecting the pharyngeal swab used a coverall to minimize the risk of body surface contamination from secretions and droplets. Enhanced hand hygiene using alcohol hand sanitizer was performed. Forty-eight persons were ultimately hospitalized after the triage at NCGM operation, which was more than the number of persons triaged at the airport (n = 34). Of those hospitalized after NCGM triage, 8.3% (4/48 patients) ultimately tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, significantly higher than the positive rate among subjects not triaged (4/48 [8.3%] vs. 9/745 [1.2%]: p = 0.0057). NCGM participated in a large-scale operation to evacuate Japanese nationals from the COVID-19 epidemic area. We were able to establish a scheme through this experience that can be used in the future.
著者
Bolorchimeg Taazan Yamamoto Eiko Bayart Baatar Avirmed Amgalanbaatar Kariya Tetsuyoshi Saw Yu Mon Hamajima Nobuyuki
出版者
Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, School of Medicine
雑誌
Nagoya Journal of Medical Science (ISSN:00277622)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.82, no.1, pp.47-57, 2020-02

Health services for pregnancy and delivery at public health facilities are fully subsidized by the government in Mongolia. However, it has been reported that health financing, budget planning, and implementation processes are weak. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the costs per inpatient of vaginal delivery and cesarean section (C-section) by using data gathered from a tertiary hospital in Ulaanbaatar. Inpatient and financial data were collected from the Statistics and Finance, Economics Department of National Center for Maternal and Child Health. A top-down method was used for the calculation of unit costs. The total number of deliveries in 2016 were 11,033, including 7,777 vaginal deliveries and 3,256 C-sections. The cost per inpatient stay for vaginal delivery and C-section were USD 255 and USD 592, respectively. The average cost per bed-day of the six departments of the obstetrics and gynecology hospital was USD 80. The percentage that represents employees’ salary in the cost per inpatient was as low as 12.4% for vaginal delivery and 18.5% for C-section, although the cost for salaries accounted for 51.2% of the total expenditure of the hospital. Results show that the cost per inpatient of C-section was two times higher than that of vaginal delivery. The cost of childbirths may account for approximately 9% of total health expenditure of the country. These results may be advantageous to the government in instituting a policy and controlling the health care budget to improve cost-effectiveness and equal access to all in health care services in Mongolia.