著者

梅本 貴豊 稲垣 勉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.18312, (Released:2019-02-28)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

4

---

This study examined the relationship between motivational regulation strategies and instability of motivation during class. Eighty-two undergraduates at two universities participated via a self-reported questionnaire, which was administered at six time points during one class for a specific subject. The mean score of situational motivation was calculated as “level of motivation,” and the intraindividual standard deviation of these was calculated as “instability of motivation.” With self-efficacy, intrinsic value, and university as control variables, the results of the partial correlation analysis indicated that the level of motivation correlated positively with behavioral and emotional engagement. These results supported the validation of measuring situational motivation in this study. The results of the analysis indicated that instability of motivation correlated negatively with strategies of adding value to learning contents and focusing on performance. In other words, these results imply that the instability of motivation of undergraduates who were using motivational regulation strategies during class was small, and their situational motivation was steady. The effect of motivational regulation strategies during class on situational motivation was discussed.

著者

登張 真稲 首藤 敏元 大山 智子 名尾 典子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.17242, (Released:2019-02-28)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

3

---

The first purpose of this study was to confirm whether the cooperativeness of adolescents comprises the following three aspects: finding better solutions for self and others, cooperating with others, and concurring with others. Three factors describing these concepts were extracted from the data of three surveys conducted with university and senior high school students. The revised version of the Multifaceted Cooperativeness Scale was developed based on this three-factor solution. The revised scale consists of three subscales: collaborative problem-solving, cooperation, and harmoniousness. The second purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between these subscales and activity and creativity, using two types of the Big Five Scale and the Creativity Scale. The following assumptions were made: collaborative problem-solving correlates with activity and creativity; cooperation correlates with activity, but not with creativity; and harmoniousness correlates negatively with activity and creativity. Another survey conducted with university students generally supported these hypotheses and verified the construct validity of the revised Multifaceted Cooperativeness Scale. The results also indicated that harmoniousness was related to neuroticism.

著者

宮下 敏恵 門前 進

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.2, pp.87-94, 2001-06-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

42

---

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of negative-sentence suggestions on various behavior. From the standpoint of the logic of negation, Miyashita (1998a, 1999) investigated the characteristics of feelings, sensations, and behavior. The results suggested that negative-sentence suggestions had more affirmative effects on mono-dimensional behavior than on mufti-dimensional behavior. The present study examined this hypothesis. A total of 36 subjects (18 males, 18 females, mean age=23.22, SD=3.41) participated in the experiment. Subjects were given suggestions related to either mono-dimensional behavior or mufti-dimensional behavior in negativesentence form. An example of a suggestion related to mono-dimensional behavior would be “Your body does not move backwards”, while an example for mufti-dimensional behavior would be “Your body does not move.” Body sway was then measured. Results showed that negative-sentence suggestions had more affirmative effects on mono-dimensional behavior than on mufti-dimensional behavior. The hypothesis proposed by previous studies was supported.

著者

三輪 珠美 野村 忍

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第70回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1PM060, 2006-11-03 (Released:2018-07-03)

著者

野津山 希 玉木 健弘

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第72回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3PM049, 2008-09-19 (Released:2018-09-29)

著者

村上 幸史

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.87.14329, (Released:2016-01-15)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

1 1

---

This article examines whether belief in superstitions and folklore differs by age and degree of modernization specifically. This study investigated regional and generational differences in attitudes toward “Luck Resource Belief,” a notion regarding luck. The 500 Japanese participants in our sample were stratified by place of residence, age, and income. The results reflected gender differences, but not regional or generational differences with regard to the “Luck Resource Belief” scale scores. Based on these results, the hypothesis that the mass media plays a major role in the dissemination of information about superstitions and folklore is discussed in this context.

著者

苧阪 満里子 苧阪 直行

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.5, pp.339-345, 1994-12-20 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

36 42

---

The efficiency of working memory capacity was measured with the Japanese reading span test (Japanese RST), which was developed based on the Carnegie-Mellon RST (Daneman & Carpenter, 1980). The correlation between the Japanese and the CMU RST was found to be highly significant. The present Japanese RST seems to predict reading efficiency in the same way as does the CMU RST. The Japanese RST was found to be correlated not only with memory span but with reading comprehension. However, it was not correlated with existing verbal intelligence tests.

著者

ウィワッタナーパンツウォン ジュターチップ 本多 明生 阿部 恒之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.17310, (Released:2018-05-25)

参考文献数

19

---

This study clarified some psychological mechanisms related to uncooperative decisions by considering the trends of regional differences in emotions related to reconstruction activities. We administered an internet-based questionnaire survey of 779 Japanese people from eight regions reflecting various geographical distances and levels of damage from the disaster in 2011 or previous disasters. Exploratory factor analysis results showed that eight emotional evaluations for supporters and dissenters of reconstruction activities were grouped into two common structures: positive and negative. Analysis of variance results showed that among supporters, there were no regional differences for high positive emotions or low negative emotions. For dissenters, current damage and historical damage were significantly associated with negative emotions and suppressed positive emotions. These results indicate that empathy resources such as damage from a past disaster are associated with people's emotional state or attitudes related to reconstruction activities.

著者

江利川 滋 山田 一成

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.16224, (Released:2018-05-25)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

---

This study examined the inhibiting factors of satisficing response on multiple-answer format (MA) in volunteer panel Web surveys. Data were based on two Web surveys in the Tokyo metropolitan area (one of 2,257 Japanese adults in March 2014, and the other of 519 Japanese adults in October 2017). The results revealed the following: (a) respondents endorsed fewer options and took less time to answer MA than forced choice format (FC); (b) an acquiescence tendency was not found for almost all the items in FC; and (c) satisficing responses were not inhibited by the number or properties of items. Results (a) and (b) suggest that MA may encourage satisficing response strategies. Furthermore, these tendencies can be seen not only in attitudinal (judgment-type) questions, but also behavioral (recall-type) questions. These results indicate the strength of satisficing response behaviors, so the use of FC is recommended in volunteer panel Web surveys.

著者

木戸 盛年 嶋崎 恒雄

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.6, pp.547-552, 2007-02-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

6 14

---

The South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS) was originally developed to screen for pathological gamblers in clinical settings, and its use has been expanded to other settings such as prevalence studies of pathological gambling in general populations. There are few studies of pathological gambling in Japan, except for the two studies on the development of the modified Japanese version of the SOGS. The present study examines the reliability and validity of the modified Japanese version of the SOGS using two different groups: a university student group (N=96) and a gambler group (N=66). Analyses of the modified Japanese version of the SOGS showed that there was sufficient internal consistency (α=.898) and reliability. The modified Japanese version of the SOGS demonstrated satisfactory validity in differentiating the university student group from the gambler group.

著者

宮崎 弦太 佐伯 大輔 矢田 尚也 池上 知子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.16074, (Released:2018-03-10)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

3

---

Previous findings regarding the effects of living in urban environments on residents' subjective well-being have been inconsistent. The present study developed a scale to measure the multifaceted nature of urban living environments and investigated the aspects of urban environments that enhance or reduce residents' life satisfaction. We conducted two online surveys in which adults living in urban or rural areas in Japan (1,000 participants for each survey) completed the Multifaceted Urban Living Environment Scale and the Life Satisfaction Scale. Results indicated that urban living environments are characterized by quality of facilities, life convenience, life unpleasantness, and easy accessibility to public transportation. Of importance, each of these aspects affected residents' life satisfaction differently. Specifically, the quality of facilities was positively associated with life satisfaction, whereas life convenience was negatively associated. However, life unpleasantness and easy accessibility to public transportation had no effect on life satisfaction. These results suggest that it is important to measure the multifaceted nature of urban living environments to gain a deeper understanding of the effects of urbanization on residents' subjective well-being.

著者

山本 真菜 岡 隆

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.16020, (Released:2018-02-20)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1

---

Suppressing stereotypic thoughts leads to paradoxical effects (i.e. suppressing a stereotype facilitates the use of the stereotype itself). Recent research on paradoxical effects in stereotype suppression has demonstrated that replacement thoughts decrease its paradoxical effects. This study examined the effectiveness of female counterstereotypes, major non-dominant female stereotypes, and minor non-dominant female stereotypes as replacement thoughts in suppressing dominant female stereotypes. In a lexical decision task, the participants were primed with either female counter-stereotypes, major non-dominant female stereotypes, minor non-dominant female stereotypes, or non-human objects, and thus they were likely to use those that were activated as replacement thoughts. Next, they were given a sentence-stem completion task that served as a manipulation of female stereotype suppression. Finally, they were given another lexical decision task and the response latencies of the stereotypic vs. non-stereotypic words were recorded. The results indicated that regardless of major or minor nondominant female stereotypes as replacement thoughts decreased the paradoxical effects of suppressing dominant female stereotypes. We discussed the way of activation of replacement thoughts and the role of non-dominant stereotypes as replacement thoughts in suppressing dominant stereotypes.

著者

小林 智之 及川 昌典

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.88.16337, (Released:2018-01-15)

参考文献数

24

---

It has been widely documented that egalitarianism motivates people to avoid stereotype use, which in turn facilitates intergroup interactions. However, in addition to perceptions of how the outgroup is perceived by the ingroup (stereotypes), perceptions of how the ingroup is perceived by the outgroup (meta-stereotypes) may also play an important role in intergroup interactions. We hypothesized that when negative meta-stereotypes are perceived, egalitarianism may increase vigilance toward stereotype use by the outgroup, thus exacerbating feelings of anxiety in intergroup interactions. Japanese participants were asked to report how they felt during an intergroup interaction with a Korean confederate, after being exposed to an article documenting positive or negative views Koreans might have of Japanese. The results were consistent with the notion that when negative meta-stereotypes are perceived, participants with high (versus low) egalitarianism experienced more anxiety in the intergroup interaction.

著者

小川 昭利 横山 諒一 亀田 達也

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.88.16217, (Released:2017-07-10)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

4

---

Theory-of-mind (ToM) has been extensively studied using neuroimaging, with the goal of finding a neural basis for ToM and its associate emotional and cognitive processes. In neuroimaging, a functional localizer is used when a region of interest needs to be identified in a way that is statistically independent of the main experiment. The original ToM localizer (ToM-L) for functional magnetic resonance imaging (Dodell-Feder et al., 2011) measures brain activity when a set of English sentences and related questions are read and answered by participants. We developed a linguistically localized version of the ToM-L for use with Japanese speakers, and evaluated it by scanning 70 participants. The results showed that this localizer could be used to define individual ToM-related areas, requiring about one-third of the scanning time of the original ToM-L while maintaining its statistical ability to identify individual ToM-related brain regions.

著者

高橋 雄介 山形 伸二 星野 崇宏

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.1, pp.63-76, 2011 (Released:2011-08-29)

参考文献数

119

被引用文献数

4 4

---

Research has shown that personality traits have strong predictive validity for economic variables (e.g., income, work attainment) and epidemiological variables (e.g., longevity, physical health), as well as for psychological variables such as problem behaviors, and mental disorders. Importantly, personality traits are predictive even after controlling for socioeconomic status and cognitive abilities. The authors believe that current personality research in Japan almost completely overlooks this perspective. In this article, the authors review these new trends in personality psychological research. They propose a model for research involving A (accurate assessments), B (big samples), C (controlling for covariates and confounders), D (developmental trajectories), and E (economic and epidemiological variables). They outline three future directions to embody personality psychology for prediction, prevention, public wealth, and population health.

著者

嘉瀬 貴祥 飯村 周平 坂内 くらら 大石 和男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.87.15229, (Released:2016-09-10)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

11

---

The present study aims to develop and examine the reliability, internal validity, and criterion validity of the Life Skills Scale for Adolescents and Adults (LSSAA) that would enable measurement of the level of life skills in Japanese adolescents and adults. In study 1, 238 university students completed a 41-item questionnaire for the LSSAA based on a previous study (Kase et al., 2016). Exploratory factor analysis was divided into four sub-scales: decision-making (8 items), interpersonal relationships (5 items), effective communication (5 items), and coping with emotion (3 items). In study 2, the reliability, content validity, and criterion validity of the LSSAA were examined by administering the questionnaire to 500 Japanese adolescents and adults. Confirmatory factor analysis and correlation analysis showed that the LSSAA had high reliability and validity. Additionally, it was confirmed that the LSSAA was effective for measuring the life skills needed for a satisfactory social life for a wide range (based on sex and/or age) of Japanese adolescents and adults.

著者

尾崎 由佳 後藤 崇志 小林 麻衣 沓澤 岳

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.87.14222, (Released:2016-03-10)

参考文献数

54

被引用文献数

31

---

Self-control refers to the ability to execute goal-oriented behavior despite the presence of temptation(s) to do otherwise. Since self-control has a wide-range impact on our daily lives, it is of critical importance to assess individual differences of self-control with a highly reliable and valid, yet simple, measure. Toward this end, three studies were conducted to test reliability and validity of the Japanese-translated version of Brief Self-Control Scale (Tangney, Baumeister, & Boone, 2004). The scale showed good internal consistency (Study 1) and retest reliability (Study 2). The total score of the scale was correlated with the self-reported indices of self-control (e.g., daily experience of ego-depletion, study hours) and performance in the Stop Signal Task (Study 3), indicating its high converging validity.

著者

髙坂 康雅

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.6, pp.596-604, 2014-02-25 (Released:2014-04-15)

参考文献数

34

---

This study reports the development of The Scale of Social Interest for Elementary School Children and examines its reliability and validity. Elementary school students of fourth, fifth, and sixth grades responded to provisional items of the scale, as well as scales assessing mental health, adaptation to school, and sympathy. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted using the provisional items. The following three factors, which had also been identified by Kosaka (2011), were extracted: feelings of contribution, feelings of belonging to society and trust in society, and self-acceptance. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated sufficient fitness. The reliability of the scale was confirmed based on internal consistency and stability. The predicted relationships among the scale and mental health, school adaptation, and sympathy were demonstrated. Based on these results, the reliability and validity of the Scale of Social Interest for Elementary School Children were confirmed.

著者

命婦 恭子 岩田 昇 向笠 章子 津田 彰

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.4, pp.314-320, 2012 (Released:2013-01-01)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

2

---

Although it is generally believed that frequent lateness might lead to absenteeism, the evidence for this has not been ascertained. We investigated the relationship between earlier lateness and subsequent absenteeism in a three-year longitudinal study in a public junior high school in Japan. The participants were 263 students (124 males, 139 females) whose school records were available for three consecutive academic years. Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that students who had been late for 30 or more days during their 1st year of junior high school were significantly more likely to show absenteeism during 2nd and 3rd year than students who had been late less than 30 days. Cox's proportional hazards regression model confirmed that frequent lateness was the only significant predictor, after controlling socio-demographics and psychosocial variables including stressors at school and stress responses. The substantial linkage of frequent lateness to absenteeism found in this study suggests the necessity of paying more attention to lateness for the prevention of absenteeism.

著者

小野 由莉花 及川 昌典 及川 晴

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.92.19042, (Released:2021-03-31)

参考文献数

65

---

In modern society, gender equality is respected. However, the entanglement of gender relations remains a problem. In this study, we investigated the possibility that activation of thoughts about romantic love increases the salience of stereotypical gender role expectations, outside of consciousness, which causes a gender difference in the interpretation of ambiguous messages. In Study 1, in which participants carefully analyzed the scenario via conscious processing, and in Study 2, in which participants spontaneously responded to real-life situations via nonconscious processing, male participants in the romantic love priming conditions, compared to male participants in the control conditions, were more likely to respond to ambiguous messages with more positive emotions, and evaluated the message sender as being more attractive. However, such bias was not observed among female participants. Instead, they showed higher distrust toward ambiguous messages. These results show that even if the awareness of gender equality is raised, the activation of thoughts about romantic love makes stereotypical gender role expectations more salient, which leads to a difference in interpretation of ambiguous messages between males and females.