著者

田沢 晶子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第75回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2PM030, 2011-09-15 (Released:2019-02-02)

著者

小川 有希子 嶋田 総太郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第79回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2PM-073, 2015-09-22 (Released:2020-03-27)

著者

井上 裕珠 村田 光二

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.1, pp.1-8, 2014-04-25 (Released:2014-04-15)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1 2

---

Envy is an unpleasant emotion caused by comparison with a person who possesses something we desire. We conducted two studies to test our prediction that less envy would be felt when the person could attain what others had. In Study 1, participants read scenarios in which their friend could achieve a goal which they could not, and rated their emotions toward the friend. We manipulated the attainability according to whether the goal could be achieved by effort. In Study 2, participants competed with a confederate, and were informed that their performance was worse than that of the confederate. Afterwards the attainability was manipulated by either informing the participants that the possibility of improving their ability was very low or high. Then participants rated their emotions toward the confederate, and we also checked whether the participants had helped the confederate. As predicted, our findings demonstrated that those in the high attainability condition felt envy less than those in the low attainability condition, but showed no significant differences in helping behavior.

著者

渡辺 綾子 眞鍋 えみ子 和泉 美枝 植松 紗代 田中 秀樹

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.89.16065, (Released:2018-05-25)

参考文献数

60

被引用文献数

3 5

---

This study investigated sleep quality, anxiety and depression variations during pregnancy (second and third trimester) to one month postpartum, as well as their relationships with each time period. A survey targeted 402 women who were pregnant or one-month postpartum using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. The total score of PSQI, sleep duration, and habitual sleep efficiency at one month postpartum were worse than during the second and third trimesters; however, sleep disturbance scores were better at one month postpartum. There were no significant differences in anxiety and depression. The second trimester of pregnancy was related to anxiety, The total score of PSQI, and sleep quality. Anxiety was related to the presence of complications. At one month postpartum, sleep quality was related to anxiety and disturbed sleep, whereas sleep quality and difficulty staying awake during the day were related to depression. These results suggest that understanding the characteristics of women's sleep during pregnancy and postpartum period will be helpful in predicting women's anxiety and depression.

著者

菅原 健介

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3, pp.184-188, 1984-08-30 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

32 48

---

This study attempted to construct the self-consciousness scale for Japanese based on the scale made by Fenigstein et al. (1975). Twenty six items which may assess individual difference in self-consciousness were made. The factor analysis of the items indicated that there were two main factors. These two factors were similar to the private and the public self-consciousness factors which were found by Fenigstein et al. The scores of the public self-consciousness indicated in this study were found to have positive correlation with both social anxiety (the tendency of avoidance from self-presentation) scale and exhibitionism (the tendency of approach to self-presentation) scale. Implications of self-consciousness scale for research on social behavior was discussed.

著者

上野 行良

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.4, pp.247-254, 1993-10-30 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

11 14

---

This study investigated the attitude towards humor and the relationship among the attitude, aggression and altruism. Four hundred and seven subjects answered the questionnaires consisting of (1) items about attitude toward humor, (2) items about aggression and altruism, and (3) items about humorous statements, frequently heared in negative situations. Factor analysis revealed that the attitude toward humor consists of two factors; (a) preference for aggressive humor and (b) preference for playful humor. The former is related to aggression and altruism, while the latter is related to altruism only. The items about humorous statements frequently heard in negative situations suggested that preference for aggressive humor is related to aggressive behavior, while preference for playful humor is related to moderation of the atomosphere.

著者

富塚 澄江 藤 桂

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.88.16010, (Released:2017-09-30)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

4

---

This study, informed by terror management theory, examined the influence of fear and avoidance of death in daily contexts on habitual health-related behavior. Four hundred adults above the age of 30 years were asked to respond to web-based questionnaires that measured their fear and avoidance of death, buffering factors to existential threats in the Tripartite Security System model (Hart, Shaver, & Goldenberg, 2005), habitual health-related behavior, frequency of holding services for deceased people, and experiences related to death. Covariance structure analysis revealed that fear of death promoted health-related behavior by eliciting buffering factors to existential threats. By contrast, conscious refusal and avoidance of death inhibited buffering factors as well as health-related behavior. These results suggested that confronting the fear of death and seeking a life that values relationships and self-esteem as a member of society are essential for promoting daily health-related behaviors.

著者

岸田 広平 石川 信一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.91.19311, (Released:2020-03-10)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1

---

This study was a preliminary examination of follow-up effects and an exploration of potential predictors of treatment outcomes associated with an open trial of a transdiagnostic intervention for anxiety and depressive disorders in children and adolescents. Eight children or adolescents with anxiety or depressive disorders participated in the Avoidance Behavior-focused Transdiagnostic Intervention Program (ATP). Follow-up effects at 3 and 6 months were assessed using a multi-source (clinician, youth, parent) and multi-domain (diagnoses, symptoms, general difficulties) approach. The clinician-rated clinical severity rating of principle diagnosis and number of diagnoses were lower at both follow-up time points compared to pre-intervention. In addition, separation anxiety disorder, selective mutism, and chronic school refusal might predict poorer ATP treatment outcomes. Limitations and emerging issues in ATP were discussed.

著者

岸本 直美 藤 桂

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.91.18029, (Released:2020-03-10)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

4

---

This study focused on casual conversation as a component of companionship at nursery schools with the aim of assessing its influence on nursery teachers’ stress reactions. We conducted a questionnaire survey among 312 nursery teachers. Factor analysis of the content of casual conversation identified the following four factors: light small talk, state and development of children, complaining about interpersonal relationships, and thoughts and beliefs about childcare. Similarly, factor analysis of the effect of casual conversation identified the following four factors: pleasure derived from sharing and empathy, smooth communication and awareness, reconfirming one’s specialty as a nursery teacher, and exhaustion from providing sympathy unwillingly. Covariance structure analysis indicated that light small talk reduced nursery teachers’ stress reactions. In addition, casual conversation about the state and development of children as well as thoughts and beliefs about childcare promoted pleasure derived from sharing and empathy, thereby reducing stress reactions. Meanwhile, complaining about interpersonal relationships at the nursery school increased stress reactions. The findings suggest that the effect of casual conversation depend on the content.

著者

平野 智子 藤 桂

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.18031, (Released:2020-01-20)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1

---

In this study, we aimed to determine whether cognitive reevaluation of psychological distress in visiting nurses promotes the development of their professional identities and elicits feelings of mutuality of caring. In study 1, we administered a questionnaire survey to 371 visiting nurses. A covariance structural analysis showed that, although most of the visiting nurses suffered more psychological distress from caring for clients, their professional identities were further developed through feelings of mutuality of caring caused by the successive reevaluation of future care for clients. In study 2, we intervened visiting nurses via e-mail. The results showed that, in experimental conditions in which visiting nurses successively reevaluated their psychological distress while considering future care for clients, the nurses had higher scores for measures of professional identity. These results supported our hypothesis and demonstrated the effectiveness of successively evaluating patient care, to elicit feelings of mutuality, in developing the professional identities of visiting nurses, who experience various kinds of psychological distress.

著者

雨宮 怜 坂入 洋右

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.88.16225, (Released:2017-09-30)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

3 6

---

This study investigated the relationship between athletes’ mindfulness and future decrements in performance. Participants were 116 university athletes (male = 63, female = 53, unknown = 3, mean age = 19.25, SD = 0.98). The participants completed a questionnaire comprising a few questions related to socio-demographic variables, the Athletes Mindfulness Questionnaire (AMQ), and the Athletes Performance Decrement Questionnaire (APDQ) at time 1 and time 2 (4–7 months after time 1). The results of a cross-lagged effects model revealed that AMQ score at time 1 was positively associated with AMQ score at time 2 and negatively associated with APDQ score at time 2. However, APDQ score at time 1 was positively associated only with APDQ score, but not AMQ score, at time 2. This study’s results indicated that athletes’ mindfulness is unidirectionally associated with decrements in performance. This implies that increasing mindfulness may be an effective method for preventing impairments in athletic performance arising from psychological factors.

著者

小山内 秀和 米田 英嗣 古見 文一 楠見 孝

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第82回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2EV-078, 2018-09-25 (Released:2019-07-19)

著者

楠見 孝

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.6, pp.373-380, 1988-02-29 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

4 4

---

This study examined (a) acceptability of phrases whose modifier adjective and head noun refer to different sense modalities, and (b) such cross-modal adjective properties by means of similarity judgment of these phrases. In Experiment 1, 58 subjects rated 60 sense adjectives as to their acceptability in modifying nine modality-denoting nouns (touch, taste, smell; color, sound; memory, mood, idea, personality). The phrases were rated highly acceptable when the adjectives denoting lower-modal qualities were combined with the nouns denoting higher-modal contents (e. g., soft sound, sweet mood, bright memory). In Experiment 2, two groups of 30 subjects judged the similarity of the highly acceptable phrases for each of the nine modalitydenoting nouns. Multidimensional scaling of these data revealed two- and three-dimensional configurations of the adjectives for each modality-denoting noun. Multiple regression analysis indicated that two independently rated properties, pleasantness and intensity, provided a satisfactory interpretation of each configuration. Canonical correlation analysis indicated that most of the first- and second-order canonical correlations among the nine three-dimensional configurations were significant. These results suggest that there is a common dimension of sense adjectives across different modalities.

著者

松沼 光泰

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.1, pp.9-16, 2009 (Released:2012-02-14)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

6 5

---

This study examined why some high achievers on the course final exam were unsuccessful on the proficiency exam in English. We hypothesized that the learning motives and learning behaviors (learning strategy, learning time) had different effects on the outcomes of the exams. First, the relation between the variables was investigated using structural equation modeling. Second, the learning behaviors of students who got good marks on both exams were compared with students who did well only on the course final exam. The results were as follows. (a)Learning motives influenced test performance via learning behaviors. (b)Content-attached motives influenced all variables concerning learning behaviors. (c)Content-detached motives influenced all variables concerning learning behaviors that were related only to the course final exam. (d)The students who got good marks on both exams performed the learning behaviors that were useful on the proficiency exam more frequently than the students who did well only on the course final exam.

著者

梅本 貴豊 稲垣 勉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.2, pp.207-213, 2019 (Released:2019-06-27)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

4

---

This study examined the relationship between motivational regulation strategies and instability of motivation during class. Eighty-two undergraduates at two universities participated via a self-reported questionnaire, which was administered at six time points during one class for a specific subject. The mean score of situational motivation was calculated as “level of motivation,” and the intraindividual standard deviation of these was calculated as “instability of motivation.” With self-efficacy, intrinsic value, and university as control variables, the results of the partial correlation analysis indicated that the level of motivation correlated positively with behavioral and emotional engagement. These results supported the validation of measuring situational motivation in this study. The results of the analysis indicated that instability of motivation correlated negatively with strategies of adding value to learning contents and focusing on performance. In other words, these results imply that the instability of motivation of undergraduates who were using motivational regulation strategies during class was small, and their situational motivation was steady. The effect of motivational regulation strategies during class on situational motivation was discussed.

著者

能智 正博 園部 愛子 片山 皓絵 眞柄 翔太 沖野 昇平 風間 菜緒 広津 侑実子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第82回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1PM-030, 2018-09-25 (Released:2019-07-19)

著者

中川 知宏 仲本 尚史 國吉 真弥 森 丈弓 山入端 津由 大渕 憲一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.18012, (Released:2019-07-10)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

1

---

The aim of this study was to investigate why certain youths identify with delinquent groups by examining specific factors that increase identification with them, such as intergroup relationships. Specifically, we hypothesized that the permeability of group boundaries would moderate the effect of group discrimination on identification with a delinquent group. In total, 96 male youths were recruited from four juvenile classification homes. The results revealed that youths who perceived group boundaries with lower compared with higher permeability cognitively identified with delinquent groups more strongly when perceiving group discrimination from teachers or the police; this finding supported our hypothesis. No other significant interaction effect was observed. Conversely, in terms of affective identification, we found an unexpected interaction between the permeability of group boundaries and group discrimination from peers. Overall, the findings did not support our hypothesis. However, some of the results suggest that delinquent youths may be able to decrease cognitive group identification by having friends outside of the delinquent group, even if they experienced discrimination from conformity groups such as teachers and the police.

著者

三宮 真智子 山口 洋介

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.18311, (Released:2019-06-20)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2

---

This study investigated the effect of the type of backchannel utterances (BU) on idea generation. Three types of BU were affirmative, neutral, and non-affirmative. Two categories of task were predicting consequences and devising resolutions. Thirty undergraduate students participated in the present experiment. Dependent variables were the number of ideas generated, speaking time, motivation of speakers, and speakers’ perception of listeners’interest in, agreement with, and admiration of speakers’ ideas. The main results were as follows: (a) affirmative BU was significantly effective for idea generation only in the prediction task, and (b) affirmative BU was effective for other dependent variables in both tasks. These findings showed the effectiveness of affirmative BU as a strategy for facilitating idea generation. The interaction of BU type and task was interpreted in terms of the possibility that the two kinds of tasks involved different thinking processes. Because the interaction was found only for idea generation, it was suggested that BU had two influencing pathways: increasing motivation through positive affect and activating idea generation itself.

著者

中川 裕美 横田 晋大 中西 大輔

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.1, pp.87-92, 2019 (Released:2019-04-25)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

---

This study aimed to test the validity of social identity theory (SIT) and bounded generalized reciprocity hypothesis (BGR) to explain ingroup cooperation in real social groups. Each of the validity of SIT and BGR have been discussed by social psychologists for a long time. However, recent studies indicate that both theories could explain ingroup cooperation simultaneously. Nakagawa et al. (2015) showed that ingroup cooperation among Japanese fans of a baseball team was derived from the psychological mechanisms predicted by both theories. The present study tested the reproducibility of these results when the cost of cooperation was emphasized. Japanese fans of all 12 baseball teams (N = 1,635) participated in this experiment. In each scenario, the cost of helping was emphasized, and reciprocal expectation was manipulated by knowledge about the feeling of belonging by participants and their partner’s group. The results showed that ingroup cooperation was shown by the psychological mechanism of BGR more than SIT when the cost of cooperation was emphasized.

著者

横田 賀英子 和智 妙子 大塚 祐輔 平間 一樹 渡邉 和美

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.90.17039, (Released:2019-05-20)

参考文献数

26

---

The aim of the current study was to examine the repeat residential burglars’ target selection behaviors. The data consisted of variables relating to target selection behaviors and decision making of 104 serial residential burglars, who had arrest records for residential burglaries in the past. The results of multiple correspondence analysis revealed that residential burglars’ target selection behaviors could be differentiated into three styles: “burgling in the absence of residents”, “burgling in the presence of residents while they are sleeping at night”, and “burgling of mixed styles”. Among 14 variables relating to burglars’ decision making while committing crimes, three factors (risk/reward-oriented, traceless entry-oriented, low effort area-oriented) were extracted by exploratory factor analysis. The level of burgling skill evaluated by the suspect interviewers positively correlated with a factor score of the “risk/reward-oriented” factor (ρ = .20, p < .05) but negatively correlated with a factor score of the “low effort area-oriented” factor (ρ = –.24, p < .05). These results suggest that repeat residential burglars are rational decision makers, but the way they are rational varies.