著者

池田 嘉津弘

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.8, pp.802-803, 2014 (Released:2016-09-17)

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効能効果:かゆみ,虫さされ,かぶれ,しっしん,じんましん,あせも,しもやけ,皮ふ炎,ただれ成分分量:100g中,ジフェンヒドラミン1.0g,グリチルレチン酸0.3g,ℓ-メントール5.0g,dℓ-カンフル1.0g,イソプロピルメチルフェノール0.1g用法用量:1日数回,適量を患部に塗布してください.

著者

白木 公康

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.11, pp.1101-1105, 2013-11-01 (Released:2016-09-26)

著者

内林 政夫

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.126, no.1, pp.27-36, 2006-01-01 (Released:2006-01-01)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

2 2

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Bencao Pinhui Jingyao complied in 1505 shows a drawing of maize under the caption of Yiyi-ren (Job's Tear). Also, a Chinese poem written around 1368 contains a term yumi, which indicates maize. These new findings offer clear evidence that maize existed in China in the pre-Columbian era. Details of this evidence, together with probable routes of introduction of maize to China, are discussed here.

著者

田中 理恵 河村 麻衣子 水谷 佐久美 袴塚 高志 花尻(木倉) 瑠理

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.142, no.6, pp.675-681, 2022-06-01 (Released:2022-06-01)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

2

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Arylcyclohexylamines are a category of substances to which the anesthetic ketamine belongs. The arylcyclohexylamines have been reported to act as antagonists of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. An analog of ketamine, 2-(ethylamino)-2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-cyclohexanone (methoxetamine; MXE), has been controlled as a narcotic in Japan and overdoses of MXE have been reported to cause health problems. In recent years, MXE derivatives have beendetected in illegal products in Japan. In this study, we describe the identification of three MXE derivatives, 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(propylamino)cyclohexan-1-one (methoxpropamine; MXPr), 2-(isopropylamino)-2-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexan-1-one (methoxisopropamine; MXiPr) and 2-(3-methoxyphenyl)-2-(propylamino)cyclohexan-1-one (deoxymethoxetamine; DMXE), from illegal products.

著者

池田 幸弘

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.5, pp.456-457, 2015 (Released:2018-08-26)

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東海道線小田原駅に降り立つと,駅舎に掲げられた大きな小田原提灯の出迎えを受けた.小田原は天下の巨城で名高いが,江戸時代,品川から数えて9番目の東海道の宿場町として栄えた土地でもある.目指す済生堂薬局は旧街道(現在の国道1号線)に面した中宿町にあり,当時は脇本陣や10軒を超える旅籠があったという.駅の喧騒を抜け,落ち着いた佇まいの堀端を春風にそよぐ柳を眺めながら歩き,20分ほどで目指す済生堂薬局に到着した.

著者

阿波 圭介 佐藤 宏樹 堀 里子 澤田 康文

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.132, no.1, pp.135-144, 2012-01-01 (Released:2012-01-01)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

1

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Topical dermatological formulations of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are reported to show their pharmacological effect partially through the systemic circulation, and to induce systemic side effects. However, pharmaceutical equivalence and pharmacokinetic bioequivalence between brand-name and generic products are not required. Therefore, we aimed to predict systemic drug exposure from brand-name and nine generic ketoprofen tapes. In vitro release profiles were examined using the paddle-over-disk method, then analyzed by the W. I. Higuchi equation incorporating an initial burst effect. Pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated from observed release profiles and the reported time-plasma concentration profile of the brand-name product. Plasma concentration profiles of generic products were predicted from the observed release profiles and the pharmacokinetic parameters of the brand-name product. In vitro release profiles differed markedly, and estimated release rates for initial burst effect and at 24 hours ranged from 4.20 to 88.75% and from 45.27 to 95.83%, respectively. The predicted plasma concentration profile of each product reflected its release profile, and estimated Cmax ranged from 61.70 to 290.30 ng/mL (0.46- to 2.15-fold vs. brand-name product). Generic products were classified into three types, i.e., systemic exposure comparable with, higher than and lower than that of brand-name product. Cmax was predicted to increase with enhanced skin permeability for all products, but the increase rates differed among products. These results suggest that safety and efficacy differ between brand-name and generic ketoprofen tapes. Healthcare professionals should carefully monitor systemic side effects, especially when switching from brand-name to generic products for which higher systemic exposure is predicted.

著者

魚住 隆行 広津 崇亮

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.5, pp.759-765, 2019-05-01 (Released:2019-05-01)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1 3

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Early detection and treatment are important for the successful eradication of various cancers; therefore, the development of economical, noninvasive novel cancer screening systems is critical. Previous reports using canine scent detection have demonstrated the existence of cancer-specific odors. However, it is difficult to introduce canine scent recognition into clinical practice because of the need to maintain accuracy. In this study, we developed a Nematode-Nose (N-NOSE) test using Caenorhabditis elegans to provide a novel, highly accurate cancer detection system that is economical, painless, rapid, and convenient. We demonstrated that wild-type C. elegans displayed attractive chemotaxis toward human cancer cell secretions, cancer tissues, and urine from cancer patients but avoided control urine. In parallel, C. elegans olfactory neurons showed a significantly stronger response to urine from cancer patients than to control urine. In contrast, G protein α mutants and animals with ablated olfactory neurons were not attracted to urine from cancer patients, suggesting that they sense odors in urine. We tested 242 samples to measure the performance of the N-NOSE test and found that the sensitivity was 95.8%, which is markedly higher than that of other existing tumor markers. Furthermore, the specificity was 95.0%. Importantly, this test could detect various cancer types tested at the early stage (stage 0 or 1). C. elegans scent-based analyses therefore might provide a new strategy for the detection and study of disease-associated scents.

著者

池田 博昭 高本 彩音 池田 純子 河野 清尊 中妻 章 徳村 忠一 森 久美子 飯原 なおみ 芳地 一 二宮 昌樹

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20-00136, (Released:2020-09-29)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

2

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We investigated the success rates of eyedrop instillation and the distance between the cornea and the dropper tip in 100 volunteers using high-speed digital video recording. Past eyedrop adherence studies assumed that instillation occurred without failure. The ideal distance between the cornea and dropper tip remained unclear, although the general estimate was approximately 2.54 cm (1 inch). This study was approved by the Institutional Review Boards of all participating medical institutions, and all volunteers provided written, informed consent. Successful instillation was defined as when 1 drop fell accurately into the eye on the first attempt. The instillation of ≥2 drops or drops delivered outside the eye was considered a failure. The distance between the eye and dropper tip was measured using still images from a paused digital video camera and a digital ruler. Forty percent of the volunteers instilled eyedrops without instructions from ophthalmologists, pharmacists, or other healthcare workers. When the images were analyzed, the success rate of the first instillation was 70.1%. When the eye was arbitrarily divided into 9 sections, most of the drop sites were the iris or the center of the eye. The distance between the dropper tip and cornea was 2.62 ± 1.75 (median 2.20) cm. These results indicate that the generally recommended distance is usually followed. The successful instillation rate based on the distance from the dropper tip to the cornea was 77% at 1.6 ± 0.88 cm and 54.9% at 4.8 ± 1.25 cm.

著者

後藤 綾 柳本 佳南 吉見 陽 鍋島 俊隆 野田 幸裕

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.7, pp.963-971, 2018-07-01 (Released:2018-07-01)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

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The early intake of alcohol and/or nicotine in childhood or adolescence is one of risk factors for alcohol and/or nicotine dependence in adult. Recently, non-alcoholic beverages with less than 0.00% alcohol are on sale for adults as substitutes for alcoholic beverages without strict legal limitations. However, it is unclear whether non-alcoholic beverages could be a risk factor in drinking and smoking in childhood or adolescence. The purpose of the present survey is to clarify the effect of non-alcoholic beverage intake in children on alcoholic beverage drinking and smoking. We examined as follows: the experience of alcoholic or non-alcoholic beverage intake, and of smoking in elementary school pupils and/or their family members, and interest in or motivation for drinking and smoking in the pupils. As a result, the percentage of alcoholic or non-alcoholic beverage intake, and of smoking in the pupils were 16.8% or 21.9%, and 0.3%, respectively. The number of family members took the alcoholic or non-alcoholic beverage was larger in the pupils took it compared to the pupils did not take it. In the pupils who experienced the non-alcoholic beverage intake, interest in or motivation for drinking alcoholic beverages and/or smoking is higher than in those who did not. These findings indicate that non-alcoholic beverage intake is related to drinking and smoking. We will introduce drug abuse prevention education on the risk of drug dependence among childhood or adolescents based on the findings of this survey.

著者

嶋根 卓也

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.133, no.6, pp.617-630, 2013

被引用文献数

8

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The nonmedical use of medications, including psychotropic drugs, is a growing health problem in Japan. According to a nationwide survey of mental hospitals, the proportion of patients with sedative (mainly benzodiazepine)-related disorders has more than doubled over the last decade. An association between psychotropic drug overdose and suicide risk has also been reported. Furthermore, over-the-counter drug abuse is still a serious problem in Japan. In recent years, pharmacists have been expected to act as gatekeepers, making timely identifications of suicide risk or substance abuse and directing these individuals to appropriate medical care facilities. In August 2012, the revised Comprehensive Suicide Measures Act identified pharmacists as one professional group that should act as gatekeepers. This article begins by reviewing the fundamental terms involved in understanding the nonmedical use of medications, including abuse, dependence, and intoxication. The current situation of substance abuse and dependence is then introduced through a summary of several epidemiological surveys conducted in Japan. Finally, the role of pharmacists as gatekeepers in preventing substance abuse and dependence on medications is discussed.<br>

著者

廣部 祥子 岡田 直貴 中川 晋作

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.11, pp.1030-1034, 2016 (Released:2016-11-01)

参考文献数

29

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皮膚の表皮や真皮には免疫担当細胞が多数存在しており、これらの細胞にワクチン抗原を送達することができれば、高いワクチン効果が期待できる。近年、痛みを伴うことなく皮膚に貼るだけでワクチンを接種できるマイクロニードルを用いた経皮ワクチン製剤が、従来の注射ワクチン製剤と比較して、有効性だけでなく迅速大規模接種や開発途上国へのワクチン普及において優位性をもつことから注目されている。

著者

若子 直也 山浦 克典

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.140, no.11, pp.1365-1372, 2020-11-01 (Released:2020-11-01)

参考文献数

33

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Japan's health care system can be regarded as one of the best worldwide, provided it remains sustainable. It has relatively low costs, short wait times, low disease incidence, and high life expectancy. However, universal coverage in Japan faces financial challenges due to the country's rapidly aging population. Canada is another of the few developed countries that have universal health coverage. In contrast to Japan, Canada's health care spending is still sustainable according to recent studies. Effective cost control by payers has played a major role, with providers being steered toward evidence-based and cost-effective drug therapies. Furthermore, expanded pharmacy services have been important in suppressing spending on prescription drugs and minor health care services such as vaccination, government-funded smoking cessation, and medication review programs. This article outlines the services provided by Canadian pharmacists with expanded scope of practice. The pharmaceutical profession and its advocacy body in Canada have not only played a role in regulatory changes, but also put in place technological infrastructure called PharmaNet and contributed to appropriate prescribing. Given the current economic situation and demographic trends in Japan, more options should be explored in order to maintain universal health coverage by meeting the funding gap. Utilizing community pharmacies and pharmacists is proposed as one option.

著者

寺町 ひとみ

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.133, no.12, pp.1325-1334, 2013 (Released:2013-12-01)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

3 4

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Under new courses of study, medicine-related content has been incorporated into health and physical education at junior high schools, and classes on the “Correct use of medicine” began as part of this content in 2012. Based on the “School Health and Safety Law” implemented in April 2009, health guidance provided by school physicians, pharmacists, and dentists has also been incorporated. This has raised expectations that educational programs concerning the “Correct use of medicine” could be effectively implemented through cooperation between school pharmacists and health and physical education teachers. In order to clarify current knowledge and awareness regarding the “Correct use of medicine” among students, as well as the guidance provided at schools, we conducted a training workshop for teachers at elementary and junior high schools in Gifu City. Based on the results, we developed a “Correct use of medicine” educational program. We then presented this program in a class with 40 third-year junior high school students on January 31, 2012. It consisted of an introduction (7 min), a development portion (35 min), and a conclusion (8 min). After the class, a question and answer session was held with observers (n=11) and a questionnaire survey, which resulted in high evaluations, was conducted on the students. Comments including concern over the large volume of educational content and the need to raise awareness were heard, but the results of the questionnaire survey showed that many students found the class content useful and interesting.

著者

柴田 承二

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

藥學雜誌 (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.8, pp.320-325, 1941-08-26 (Released:2009-10-21)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

7 9

著者

小島 彩子 佐藤 陽子 西島 千陽 梅垣 敬三 千葉 剛

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, no.10, pp.1333-1347, 2019-10-01 (Released:2019-10-01)

参考文献数

116

被引用文献数

1

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Cancer patients use health foods (HFs) as complementary and alternative medicine, although the details of their adverse events (AEs) are unclear. We searched three databases [PubMed, “Igaku Chuo Zasshi”, and Information System on Safety and Effectiveness for Health Foods website (https://hfnet.nibiohn.go.jp/)] for case reports on AEs related to HF intake in cancer patients published before October 2018. Of the matched reports, 76 studies and 92 patients (31 in Japan, 61 overseas) that met the selection criteria were included in this review. Thus, the severity of AEs and outcomes were not related to either the concomitant use of HF with cancer chemotherapy or cancer stages of patients. AEs caused by HF intake itself accounted for 87%, while drug-HF interaction accounted for 11%. According to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) classification, 70% of patients whose grades were identified had severe cases (grades 3 to 5). In Japanese patients, hepatic and respiratory disorders accounted for 52% of the severe cases. Cases were predominantly developed as a result of an allergic mechanism, and mushroom products were mostly used. Overseas, serious cases were induced by products that were already indicated for safety problems. Moreover, notable AEs were recognized, such as hypercalcemia, which were caused by intake of HF containing calcium, vitamin D, and shark cartilage, and bacterial infection caused by probiotic products. Analyzing the details of AEs related to HF intake can help health professionals and cancer patients prevent health hazards.

著者

大野 能之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.3, pp.337-345, 2018-03-01 (Released:2018-03-01)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

1 2

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Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) can affect the clearance of various drugs from the body; however, these effects are difficult to sufficiently evaluate in clinical studies. This article outlines our approach to improving methods for evaluating and providing drug information relative to the effects of DDIs. In a previous study, total exposure changes to many substrate drugs of CYP caused by the co-administration of inhibitor or inducer drugs were successfully predicted using in vivo data. There are two parameters for the prediction: the contribution ratio of the enzyme to oral clearance for substrates (CR), and either the inhibition ratio for inhibitors (IR) or the increase in clearance of substrates produced by induction (IC). To apply these predictions in daily pharmacotherapy, the clinical significance of any pharmacokinetic changes must be carefully evaluated. We constructed a pharmacokinetic interaction significance classification system (PISCS) in which the clinical significance of DDIs was considered in a systematic manner, according to pharmacokinetic changes. The PISCS suggests that many current ‘alert’ classifications are potentially inappropriate, especially for drug combinations in which pharmacokinetics have not yet been evaluated. It is expected that PISCS would contribute to constructing a reliable system to alert pharmacists, physicians and consumers of a broad range of pharmacokinetic DDIs in order to more safely manage daily clinical practices.

著者

高野 裕佑 半谷 眞七子 立松 三千子 中村 千賀子 阿部 恵子 藤崎 和彦 亀井 浩行

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.135, no.12, pp.1387-1395, 2015 (Released:2015-12-01)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

4

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We performed a survey of cancer patients' needs for drug treatment and support from pharmacists during treatment and evaluated the support that cancer patients can expect from community pharmacists in the future. The patients consisted of 16 members of the Cancer Patient Association in Aichi prefecture who underwent chemotherapy. The results of a semistructured group interview were qualitatively analyzed using the grounded theory method. Patients undergoing chemotherapy had high hopes for its effectiveness but were worried about side effects and medical costs. To overcome these problems, they hoped for a decrease in the economic burden, compassionate-use system, and development of novel drugs. The patients had anxiety because the side effects of chemotherapy often caused physical and psychological damage. Despite patients' confusion, pharmacists sometimes did not give adequate explanations to them. The patients expected more from pharmacists regarding medication support and hoped for a system allowing continuous side effect monitoring and consultation without hesitation. For patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy who are confused regarding side effects, pharmacists should understand the patient explanatory model and become more involved with patients as partners in treatment.

著者

大橋 健吾 松岡 知子 篠田 康孝 吉田 真也 新井 かおり 加藤 未紗 森 卓之 吉村 知哲

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.137, no.5, pp.643-650, 2017 (Released:2017-05-01)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

6

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In recent years, hospitals have routinely implemented antimicrobial stewardship (AS) programs, and it is important that these programs are effective. Consequently, we utilized a customized computer system to support infection management and implemented a pharmacist-driven AS program in our hospital. Using this computer system, a pharmacist monitored the daily usage of carbapenems and agents against anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and generated a patient database. With the use of this computer system, we found that the patient database entry time significantly decreased from 24 to 12 min (p<0.01). Subsequently, we were also able to monitor tazobactam/piperacillin usage owing to the increased efficiency of our AS program. As a result, the average number of monitored patients significantly increased from 51 to 72 per month (p<0.01) and the number of proposed prescriptions increased from 189 to 238 per year. Additionally, the usage of carbapenems and tazobactam/piperacillin significantly decreased (p<0.01) after implementation of this computer support system. In summary, we recommend that pharmacists utilize computer systems to implement AS programs because they increase the efficiency of interventions and monitoring of patients and promote appropriate antibiotic use.

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.9, pp.901-901, 2016 (Released:2016-09-02)

著者

外郎 武

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.9, pp.906-907, 2017 (Released:2017-09-01)

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室町時代に大陸から渡来した元朝の役人陳延祐(ちんえんゆう)は医薬の術に長けていた。日本では元朝の役職の一部を使って外郎(ういろう)と名乗った。その姓名は650年の時を経て、お菓子として、また薬の愛称として今に続いている。延祐を初祖として二十五代、外郎家の長い歴史の中で様々な逸話が生まれた。日本史を交えながら薬のういろう「透頂香(とうちんこう)」の特徴やお菓子のういろうが薬種業から生まれた理由を紹介する。