著者

Naoki Yokotani Yoshinori Hasegawa Yusuke Kouzai Hideki Hirakawa Sachiko Isobe

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.273-282, 2023-12-25 (Released:2023-12-25)

参考文献数

51

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Salicylic acid (SA) is known to be involved in the immunity against Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. michiganensis (Cmm) that causes bacterial canker in tomato. To identify the candidate genes associated with SA-inducible Cmm resistance, transcriptome analysis was conducted via RNA sequencing in tomato plants treated with SA. SA treatment upregulated various defense-associated genes, such as PR and GST genes, in tomato cotyledons. A comparison of SA- and Cmm-responsive genes revealed that both SA treatment and Cmm infection commonly upregulated a large number of genes. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis indicated that the GO terms associated with plant immunity were over-represented in both SA- and Cmm-induced genes. The genes commonly downregulated by both SA treatment and Cmm infection were associated with the cell cycle and may be involved in growth and immunity trade-off through cell division. After SA treatment, several proteins that were predicted to play a role in immune signaling, such as resistance gene analogs, Ca2+ sensors, and WRKY transcription factors, were transcriptionally upregulated. The W-box element, which was targeted by WRKYs, was over-represented in the promoter regions of genes upregulated by both SA treatment and Cmm infection, supporting the speculation that WRKYs are important for the SA-mediated immunity against Cmm. Prediction of protein–protein interactions suggested that genes encoding receptor-like kinases and EF-hand proteins play an important role in immune signaling. Thus, various candidate genes involved in SA-inducible Cmm resistance were identified.

著者

Keito Mineta Junya Hirota Kesuke Yamada Takashi Itoh Poyu Chen Hidekazu Iwakawa Hirotomo Takatsuka Yuji Nomoto Masaki Ito

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.353-359, 2023-12-25 (Released:2023-12-25)

参考文献数

20

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Although it is well known that hierarchical transcriptional networks are essential for various aspects of plant development and environmental response, little has been investigated about whether and how they also regulate the plant cell cycle. Recent studies on cell cycle regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana identified SCARECROW-LIKE28 (SCL28), a GRAS-type transcription factor, that constitutes a hierarchical transcriptional pathway comprised of MYB3R, SCL28 and SIAMESE-RELATED (SMR). In this pathway, MYB3R family proteins regulate the G2/M-specific transcription of the SCL28 gene, of which products, in turn, positively regulate the transcription of SMR genes encoding a group of plant-specific inhibitor proteins of cyclin-dependent kinases. However, this pathway with a role in cell cycle inhibition is solely demonstrated in A. thaliana, thus leaving open the question of whether and to what extent this pathway is evolutionarily conserved in plants. In this study, we conducted differential display RT-PCR on synchronized Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) BY-2 cells and identified several M-phase-specific cDNA clones, one of which turned out to be a tobacco ortholog of SCL28 and was designated NtSCL28. We showed that NtSCL28 is expressed specifically during G2/M and early G1 in the synchronized cultures of BY-2 cells. NtSCL28 contains MYB3R-binding promoter elements, so-called mitosis-specific activator elements, and is upregulated by a hyperactive form of NtmybA2, one of the MYB3R proteins from tobacco. Our study indicated that a part of the hierarchical pathway identified in A. thaliana is equally operating in tobacco cells, suggesting the conservation of this pathway across different families in evolution of angiosperm.

著者

Aorui GOU Jingjing LIU Xiaoxiang CHEN Xiaoyang ZENG Yibo FAN

出版者

The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

雑誌

IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences (ISSN:09168508)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.E107-A, no.1, pp.141-156, 2024-01-01

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Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformers have achieved remarkable performance in detection and classification tasks. Nevertheless, their feature extraction cannot consider both local and global information, so the detection and classification performance can be further improved. In addition, more and more deep learning networks are designed as more and more complex, and the amount of computation and storage space required is also significantly increased. This paper proposes a combination of CNN and transformer, and designs a local feature enhancement module and global context modeling module to enhance the cascade network. While the local feature enhancement module increases the range of feature extraction, the global context modeling is used to capture the feature maps' global information. To decrease the model complexity, a shared sublayer is designed to realize the sharing of weight parameters between the adjacent convolutional layers or cross convolutional layers, thereby reducing the number of convolutional weight parameters. Moreover, to effectively improve the detection performance of neural networks without increasing network parameters, the optimal transport assignment approach is proposed to resolve the problem of label assignment. The classification loss and regression loss are the summations of the cost between the demander and supplier. The experiment results demonstrate that the proposed Combination of CNN and Transformer with Shared Sublayer (CCTSS) performs better than the state-of-the-art methods in various datasets and applications.

著者

Yong-Gen Yin Atsuko Sanuki Yukihisa Goto Nobuo Suzui Naoki Kawachi Chiaki Matsukura

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.345-351, 2023-12-25 (Released:2023-12-25)

参考文献数

32

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In early developing tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruit, starch accumulates at high levels and is used by various primary metabolites in ripening fruits. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is responsible for the first key step of starch biosynthesis. Although it has been reported that AgpL1 and AgpS1 isoforms are mainly expressed in early developing fruit, their regulatory mechanism has not been elucidated. The present study investigated the transcriptional response of AgpL1 and AgpS1 to various metabolizable sugars, nonmetabolizable sugar analogues, hexokinase inhibitors and proline by an experimental system using half-cut fruits. AgpL1 was upregulated in response to sucrose and constituted hexoses such glucose, whereas the AgpS1 gene almost did not exhibit a prominent sugar response. Further analyses revealed that other disaccharides such maltose and trehalose did not show a remarkable effect on both AgpL1 and AgpS1 expressions. These results indicate that there are two distinct regulatory mechanisms, namely, sugar metabolism-dependent and -independent, for the regulation of AGPase gene expression. Interestingly, the ADP treatment, a hexokinase inhibitors, cancelled the sugar response of AgpL1, indicating that hexokinase-mediated sugar signaling should be involved in the sugar response of AgpL1. These results suggest that sugar-dependent (AgpL1) and sugar-independent (AgpS1) pathways coordinatively regulate starch biosynthesis in immature tomato fruit.

著者

Yoshimi Nakano Maki Kawai Moeca Arai Sumire Fujiwara

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.337-344, 2023-12-25 (Released:2023-12-25)

参考文献数

26

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Correct flower organ formation at the right timing is one of the most important strategies for plants to achieve reproductive success. Ectopic overexpression of LATE FLOWERING (LATE) is known to induce late flowering, partly through suppressing expression of the florigen-encoding gene FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) in Arabidopsis. LATE is one of the C2H2 zinc finger transcription factors, and it has a canonical transcriptional repression domain called the ethylene-responsive element-binding factor-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif at the end of its C terminus. Therefore, LATE is considered a transcriptional repressor, but its molecular function remains unclear. Our genome-edited late mutants exhibited no distinct phenotype, even in flowering, indicating the presence of redundancy from other factors. To reveal the molecular function of LATE and factors working with it, we investigated its transcriptional activity and interactions with other proteins. Transactivation activity assay showed that LATE possesses transcriptional repression ability, which appears to be attributable to both the EAR motif and other sequences. Yeast two-hybrid assay showed the EAR motif-mediated interaction of LATE with TOPLESS, a transcriptional corepressor. Moreover, LATE could also interact with CRABS CLAW (CRC), one of the most important regulators of floral meristem determinacy, through sequences in LATE other than the EAR motif. Our findings demonstrated the possibility that LATE can form a transcriptional repression complex with CRC for floral meristem determinacy.

著者

Emi Iida Kazunori Kuriyama Midori Tabara Atsushi Takeda Nobuhiro Suzuki Hiromitsu Moriyama Toshiyuki Fukuhara

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.289-299, 2023-12-25 (Released:2023-12-25)

参考文献数

29

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Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Rhizobium radiobacter) is used for the transient expression of foreign genes by the agroinfiltration method, but the introduction of foreign genes often induces transcriptional and/or post-transcriptional gene silencing (TGS and/or PTGS). In this study, we characterized the structural features of T-DNA that induce TGS during agroinfiltration. When A. tumefaciens cells harboring an empty T-DNA plasmid containing the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter were infiltrated into the leaves of Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c with a GFP gene over-expressed under the control of the same promoter, no small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were derived from the GFP sequence. However, siRNAs derived from the CaMV 35S promoter were detected, indicating that TGS against the GFP gene was induced. When the GFP gene was inserted into the T-DNA plasmid, PTGS against the GFP gene was induced whereas TGS against the CaMV 35S promoter was suppressed. We also showed the importance of terminator sequences in T-DNA for gene silencing. Therefore, depending on the combination of promoter, terminator and coding sequences on T-DNA and the host nuclear genome, either or both TGS and/or PTGS could be induced by agroinfiltration. Furthermore, we showed the possible involvement of three siRNA-producing Dicers (DCL2, DCL3 and DCL4) in the induction of TGS by the co-agroinfiltration method. Especially, DCL2 was probably the most important among them in the initial step of TGS induction. These results are valuable for controlling gene expression by agroinfiltration.

著者

Ryszard Zamorski Kei’ichi Baba Takahiro Noda Rimpei Sawada Kana Miyata Takao Itoh Hanae Kaku Naoto Shibuya

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.321-336, 2023-12-25 (Released:2023-12-25)

参考文献数

85

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Plant cell wall plays important roles in the regulation of plant growth/development and affects the quality of plant-derived food and industrial materials. On the other hand, genetic variability of cell wall structure within a plant species has not been well understood. Here we show that the endosperm cell walls, including both starchy endosperm and aleurone layer, of rice grains with various genetic backgrounds are clearly classified into two groups depending on the presence/absence of β-1,4-linked glucomannan. All-or-none distribution of the glucomannan accumulation among rice varieties is very different from the varietal differences of arabinoxylan content in wheat and barley, which showed continuous distributions. Immunoelectron microscopic observation suggested that the glucomannan was synthesized in the early stage of endosperm development, but the synthesis was down-regulated during the secondary thickening process associated with the differentiation of aleurone layer. Significant amount of glucomannan in the cell walls of the glucomannan-positive varieties, i.e., 10% or more of the starchy endosperm cell walls, and its close association with the cellulose microfibril suggested possible effects on the physicochemical/biochemical properties of these cell walls. Comparative genomic analysis indicated the presence of striking differences between OsCslA12 genes of glucomannan-positive and negative rice varieties, Kitaake and Nipponbare, which seems to explain the all-or-none glucomannan cell wall trait in the rice varieties. Identification of the gene responsible for the glucomannan accumulation could lead the way to clarify the effect of the accumulation of glucomannan on the agronomic traits of rice by using genetic approaches.

著者

Hiroaki Kisaka Dong Poh Chin Tetsuya Miwa Hiroto Hirano Sato Uchiyama Masahiro Mii Mayu Iyo

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.311-320, 2023-12-25 (Released:2023-12-25)

参考文献数

35

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The biosynthetic pathway of Catharanthus roseus vinca alkaloids has a long research history, including not only identification of metabolic intermediates but also the mechanisms of inter-cellular transport and accumulation of biosynthesized components. Vinca alkaloids pathway begins with strictosidine, which is biosynthesized by condensing tryptamine from the tryptophan pathway and secologanin from the isoprenoid pathway. Therefore, increasing the supply of precursor tryptophan may enhance vinca alkaloid content or their metabolic intermediates. Many reports on the genetic modification of C. roseus use cultured cells or hairy roots, but few reports cover the production of transgenic plants. In this study, we first investigated a method for stably producing transgenic plants of C. roseus, then, using this technique, we modified the tryptophan metabolism system to produce transgenic plants with increased tryptophan content. Transformed plants were obtained by infecting cotyledons two weeks after sowing with Agrobacterium strain A13 containing a plant expression vector, then selecting with 1/2 B5 medium supplemented with 50 mg l−1 kanamycin and 20 mg l−1 meropenem. Sixty-eight regenerated plants were obtained from 4,200 cotyledons infected with Agrobacterium, after which genomic PCR analysis using NPTII-specific primers confirmed gene presence in 24 plants with a transformation rate of 0.6%. Furthermore, we performed transformation into C. roseus using an expression vector to join trpE8 and aroG4 genes, which are feedback-resistant mutant genes derived from Escherichia coli. The resulting transformed plants showed exactly the same morphology as the wild-type, albeit with a marked increase in tryptophan and alkaloids content, especially catharanthine in leaves.

著者

井上 仁郎

出版者

公益財団法人 産業医学振興財団

雑誌

産業医学ジャーナル (ISSN:0388337X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.6, pp.66-71, 2023-11-01 (Released:2023-11-23)

著者

増野 雄一 三好 麻希 前田 明信 福本 和生 髙石 義浩

出版者

一般社団法人 日本透析医学会

雑誌

日本透析医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13403451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.11, pp.627-634, 2015 (Released:2015-11-27)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

2 1

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慢性維持透析患者の高齢化, 透析期間の長期化が進んでおり, 透析患者の健康状態の維持・向上させるための一つの手段として運動療法の重要性が高まっている. 一般的な血液透析の場合, 透析日は時間的制約や透析後の疲労感により身体活動量が低下するため, 透析施行中の運動療法の必要性は高い. 透析施行中の自転車エルゴメーターやゴムチューブなど運動器具を用いた運動療法により透析患者の運動機能やquality of life (QOL) が向上すると報告されている. 本研究では当院外来血液透析患者23名を対象とし, 運動器具を用いない簡便な方法で下肢の筋力強化運動をセルフトレーニングにて12週間実施し, 移動能力・QOLの効果を検討した. 歩行・立ち上がり能力, 膝伸展筋力の向上など移動能力が改善し, 日常役割機能の向上やQOLの改善を認めた. われわれが施行した運動療法においても移動能力やQOLの向上が示唆された.

著者

山田 安彦 伊藤 清美 中村 幸一 澤田 康文 伊賀 立二

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.12, pp.1251-1259, 1993-12-15 (Released:2008-04-10)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

22 21

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The usual therapeutic doses for the treatment of both angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia vary widely among beta-blocking agents, with a maximum of about a 200-fold difference, despite subjects' same clinical improvement at the varying doses. In order to clarify the mechanism of this difference, we analyzed retrospectively the cardiac pharmacological activities of beta-blocking agents based on the receptor occupancy theory by using both their unbound concentrations in plasma at steady state (Cssf), as well as dissociation constants (KB and KI, which were determined by in vitro binding experiments and by in vitro pharmacological experiments, respectively) for a beta 1 receptor. A significant log-linear relationship between Cssf and the KB values was obtained with a slope of regression line of 0.91 (r=0.83, p<0.01). On the other hand, the correlation coefficient of the relationship between Cssf and the KI values was low, with a slope of about 0.5 (r=0.80, p<0.01). The beta 1 receptor occupancies calculated from KB values at the steady state condition after the oral administration of usual doses were almost constant (80.5±16.8%), regardless of the wide variation of usual doses of the drugs. This result indicated that the receptor occupancy may be an appropriate indicator for the pharmacological activity of the drug. Furtheremore, there were significant relationships between the primary pharmacokinetic parameters : Cb/Cf, CLtot/F, and Vdssf, and the octanol/water partition coefficient (PC), with correlation coefficients of 0.80, 0.50 and 0.85, respectively. Accordingly, it is suggested that the prediction of a ususal dose of a new beta-blocking agent can be carried out by using the KB and PC values based on quantitative structure-Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships. This methodology should be very useful for estimating the rational usual dose of a new beta-blocking agent from the animal experimental and physicochemical data in the preclinical study.

著者

Takashi Hasegawa Kenji Tsukigawa Kindness Commey Mina Sakuragi Shuhei Imoto Kazuaki Taguchi Koji Nishi Masaki Otagiri Keishi Yamasaki

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.1, pp.21-27, 2024-01-01 (Released:2024-01-01)

参考文献数

28

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Pirarubicin (THP) shows more rapid intracellular uptake, more effective antitumor activity, and less cardiac toxicity, compared to doxorubicin. However, THP is distributed to both tumor and normal tissues indiscriminately. This study aimed to develop a nanosuspension to deliver THP to tumor tissues more efficiently. Fatty-acid-modified THPs (FA-THPs; octanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, palmitic acid-THPs) were synthesized to increase the hydrophobicity of THP. Nanosuspensions of these FA-THPs were then prepared using an antisolvent precipitation technique. Among the FA-THPs, the most efficiently drug-loaded nanosuspension was obtained from palmitic acid-THP (pal-THP) using an aqueous antisolvent containing bovine serum albumin as a stabilizer. The pal-THP nanoparticles in the nanosuspension were confirmed to be of optimal size (100–125 nm) for delivery to tumor tissues using dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The pal-THP nanosuspension showed cytotoxicity in colon 26 cells. The nanosuspension was shown to disintegrate in the presence of surfactants such as lecithin, liberating pal-THP, which was converted to free THP in acidic media. It is therefore proposed that pal-THP nanoparticles that reach tumor cells after intravenous administration would exert antitumor effect by liberating pal-THP (i.e., disintegration of nanoparticles by the interaction with cell membrane), followed by the release of free THP in the acidic milieu of tumor cells. These findings indicate that FA-THP nanosuspensions, particularly pal-THP nanosuspension, hold promise as a candidate for cancer treatment. However, further in vivo studies are necessary.

著者

仲条 仁 藤井 琢哉 石川 良文

出版者

公益社団法人 土木学会

雑誌

土木学会論文集D3(土木計画学) (ISSN:21856540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.5, pp.I_173-I_179, 2013 (Released:2014-12-15)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

2 2

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東日本大震災の経済被害においては,製造業を中心としたサプライチェーンの崩壊による間接被害が深刻化したことが大きな特徴といえる.本研究では,製造業の各企業における生産被害に着目し,被災内容や生産停止の実態について,インターネットや新聞情報等から調査し,国内約1,300事業所の被災情報を収集・整理した.企業の所在地や業種,被災内容別に生産停止期間等の分析を行った結果,原材料・部品調達困難が主要因となり生産停止となった事業所は約10%存在し,その生産回復までの期間は約2ヶ月半であることが明らかとなった.その他,被災要因別・産業別の被災事業所分布やその特性を把握した.また,震災後の道路交通ネットワークの走行水準を一般車プローブデータから把握し,事業所生産復旧との関係について分析した.

著者

奥菜秀次著

出版者

光文社

巻号頁・発行日

2007

著者

藤倉 まなみ 大和 妃香里 福岡 雅子

出版者

一般社団法人 廃棄物資源循環学会

雑誌

廃棄物資源循環学会研究発表会講演集 第29回廃棄物資源循環学会研究発表会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.105, 2018 (Released:2018-12-03)

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SNSに写真を掲載することを目的に「インスタ映え」する料理を注文し、それを食べ残すことにより、食品ロスが増加しているかどうかを明らかにするため、Webを利用したアンケート調査を実施した。その結果、外食時に料理を撮影し、かつSNSに掲載した経験があるのは、全数の38%で、SNS利用者の半数以上と考えられた。料理写真のSNS掲載の経験がある者は、写真映え等を意識した注文を行っており、「メガ盛り注文」「共有のための注文」「いいね注文」の経験者は、そのような注文をした時に、撮影やSNS掲載をしないグループよりも有意に食べ残し頻度が大きかった。また、同一回答者でみても、普段よりもそのような注文をした時の方が有意に食べ残し頻度が大きかった。SNSの利用率は今なお増加傾向にあるため、今後SNSへの掲載に起因する食べ残しは増加する可能性がある。

著者

御厨 貴

出版者

デジタルアーカイブ学会

雑誌

デジタルアーカイブ学会誌 (ISSN:24329762)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.3, pp.153-159, 2021-07-01 (Released:2021-08-30)

被引用文献数

1

著者

杉浦 徹 成味 純 宮澤 総介 宮田 晴夫 林 淳一郎 香坂 茂美 滝浪 實 原田 幸雄

出版者

公益財団法人 日本心臓財団

雑誌

心臓 (ISSN:05864488)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.2, pp.155-160, 1997-02-15 (Released:2013-05-24)

参考文献数

9

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症例は53歳の男性で,農作業中に足底に釘を刺し,抜去しないで放置した.約1週間後に39度台に発熱したが,右肩関節炎と診断されて整形外科にて洗浄術を施行,排出された膿からは黄色ブドウ球菌が検出された.胸部X線像で心胸郭比の拡大,心電図で広範囲の誘導におけるST上昇,心エコー図で左室後壁側の心嚢液貯留が認められ,入院となった.発熱後の6日頃より収縮期雑音が聴取され,胸部X線像で肺うっ血が生じ,心エコー図で僧帽弁に逸脱と疣贅と思われる異常エコーが認められた.血液培養では黄色ブドウ球菌が検出され,感染性心内膜炎と診断された.緊急手術では,化膿性心膜炎と膿性心膜液貯留,さらには前後尖上の疣贅を伴う僧帽弁閉鎖不全が認められ,弁置換術が施行された.心嚢液からは黄色ブドウ球菌が検出され,抗生剤による治療を加えたが,術後2週間で多臓器不全(MOF)で死亡した.本例は日常的な外傷を放置したことによって化膿性肩鎖関節炎および化膿性心膜炎をきたし,さらには抗生剤治療法の発達した最近ではまれな感染性心内膜炎を併発した症例であり,報告する.

著者

苦瀬 博仁 内田 大輔 長谷川 翔生

出版者

一般社団法人 日本計画行政学会

雑誌

計画行政 (ISSN:03872513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.4, pp.13-18, 2021-11-15 (Released:2022-06-03)

参考文献数

10

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Until now, urban disaster prevention plans have mainly focused on strengthening the structure of buildings and evacuation plans. However, securing daily supplies after evacuation will be an issue in the future.In this paper, we look back on the issues occurring, and countermeasures taken, in past earthquake disasters, organize a logistics concept for providing emergency relief supplies, and show three related countermeasures. Finally, we clarify a plan to strengthen roads and urban facilities assuming the need for emergency relief supplies.

著者

横関 彩佳 森田 倫正 小浜 尚也 永見 慎輔 福永 真哉

出版者

一般社団法人 日本摂食嚥下リハビリテーション学会

雑誌

日本摂食嚥下リハビリテーション学会雑誌 (ISSN:13438441)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.3, pp.173-179, 2022-12-31 (Released:2023-04-30)

参考文献数

26

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【目的】高齢者の嚥下障害の有無は誤嚥性肺炎と密接に関連し,その発症リスクを増加させることが指摘されている.そのため,早期から嚥下機能の評価や対応を行うことが望ましい.当院では,嚥下障害が疑われた症例に対し,主に嚥下内視鏡検査(VE)を用いて評価を行っている.VE 検査は簡便に実施することができ,質の高い評価が可能であるものの,本邦ではVE 検査所見から誤嚥性肺炎発症との関連因子を検討した報告は少なく,十分な研究が行われていない.そこで本研究では,臨床現場でしばしば遭遇する高齢者の誤嚥性肺炎に焦点をあて,VE 検査所見から嚥下動態を解析することで,誤嚥性肺炎の発症に関連する因子を明らかにすることを目的とした.【対象と方法】当院にて嚥下障害が疑われVE 検査を受けた65 歳以上の高齢者254 例を対象とし,1 カ月以内に誤嚥性肺炎発症の既往がある群(54 例)と非発症群(200 例)で,VE 検査における嚥下動態について統計学的に比較検定を行い,関連性を検討した.加えて,検査時の姿勢,藤島の摂食嚥下能力グレード(FILS),栄養状態について統計学的に比較検討を行った.【結果】誤嚥性肺炎既往群と非既往群の群間比較では,男性,高年齢,神経変性疾患の有無,検査時の姿勢,FILS で有意差を認めた(p<0.05).VE 検査所見では,声門閉鎖の程度,梨状陥凹唾液貯留,早期咽頭流入,水分の梨状陥凹残留で有意差を認めた(p<0.05).誤嚥性肺炎の既往の有無を目的変数,2 群間の比較で有意差を認めたVE 検査項目を説明変数としたロジスティック回帰分析では,早期咽頭流入が抽出された.【結論】本研究の結果,誤嚥性肺炎の既往がある高齢者のVE検査所見から,誤嚥性肺炎の既往に関連する因子として早期咽頭流入に着目する必要があると考えられた.