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1 0 0 0 OA 皮下脂肪層の生長及びその分布型に関する小考

著者: 近藤四郎
出版者: The Anthropological Society of Nippon
雑誌: 人類學雜誌 (ISSN:00035505)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.70, no.3-4, pp.175-188, 1963 (Released:2008-02-26)
参考文献数: 46

In our country, very few studies on growth of the Japanese by means of measuring body composition have been performed. Up to the present time, most basic informations regarding growth pattern of physical characteristics have been obtained on the basis of traditional anthropometry. In spite of dealing with the living subjects, the chief method of anthropometry was to measure external dimensions of the skeletal frame. Frankly speaking, this method omits or neglects variation of inner dimensions of human body such as fat and musculature. The techniques of traditional anthropometry will be more useful if knowledges of inner dimensions of human body along with their relationship with external dimensions are added. In this respect, the present author thinks that recent rapid progress of the measurement of body composition or somatometry in foreign countries could be interpreted as extension of traditional anthropometry.These arguments are described in Section I along with an introduction to several methods concerned with prediction of total body fat.Section II deals with growth pattern of subcutaneous fat of the Fels children, covering 4.5 to 10.5 years of age. The author wishes to express his thanks to Dr. S. M. GARN for giving an opportunity to examine these data. Measurements were taken on anteroposterior roentgenograms of those lower legs, at the level of maximum breadth of calf. In medial fat breadth, there is no significant difference between mean values in each two-year-interval in each sex respectively, though girls have greater values than boys. Bone breadth of the lower leg, however, shows a consistent increase. On the other hand, muscle breadth shows significant decrease between 8.5 and 10.5 years of age in both sexes. This discrepancy may occur from simple linear measurement way in muscle breadth, because muscle and fat are themselves a volume. The present author is trying to obtain a new method to calculate muscle volume as accurate as possible. Also, it seems to be necessary to convert measurement values of fat breadth into a logarithmic scale, because this brings the distribution of the measurement values more nearly to Gaussian form. When this conversion is carried out, then the author intends to compare growth pattern of the Fels children with the Japanese children or the hydrids between the Americans and the Japanese. Contents of Section III are concerned with Steatopygia which frequently appears only in the women of Bushman and Hottentot. He discussed on several works by other investigators concerning relative fat patterning, hereditary factor of fat, adaptation of skin and rectal temperatures in the tropic and so on. However, he has not yet arrived at definite conclusion about the cause of the formation of Steatopygia.

2023-08-23 07:11:55
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1 0 0 0 OA 石鏃を射込まれた有珠10遺跡出土続縄文時代恵山文化期の人骨について

著者: 松村博文
出版者: The Anthropological Society of Nippon
雑誌: 人類學雜誌 (ISSN:00035505)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.97, no.1, pp.129-132, 1989 (Released:2008-02-26)
参考文献数: 13
被引用文献数: 1 1

北海道伊達市の有珠10遺跡において続縄文時代恵山文化期に属する17号墓の散乱人骨のなかから,石鏃が射込まれている成人男性の大腿骨が検出された。CT画像による観察の結果,石鏃の先端が14mm におよんで大腿骨の骨頭内に射入されており,治癒した傾向は認められなかった。

2023-08-23 07:01:16
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1 0 0 0 OA クンデラのヒロインたちはなぜ死ななくてはならないのか小説の美学と「フランス」

著者: 篠原学
出版者: 日本フランス語フランス文学会
雑誌: フランス語フランス文学研究 (ISSN:04254929)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.117, pp.251-264, 2020 (Released:2021-05-09)

2023-08-23 03:44:05
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1 0 0 0 OA 謝罪とアルコール摂取が怒り感情の表出に及ぼす影響 ──鉄道利用場面の実験的検討──

著者: 岡田安功宮地由芽子鶴身孝介楠見孝
出版者: 公益社団法人日本心理学会
雑誌: 心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.94, no.2, pp.109-119, 2023 (Released:2023-06-25)
参考文献数: 40

This study investigated the effect of accepting apologies and alcohol intake on anger expression through a laboratory experiment simulating a railway use situation. Fifty adult men participated in this study. 24 men were assigned to the alcohol group and 26 men were assigned to the non-alcohol group. After drinking either an alcoholic or a non-alcoholic beverage, they watched an animation that showed a frustrating situation at a train station. Following the animation, they watched three types of videos depicting staff responses to a passenger: “apology in a businesslike tone,” “apology with bowing in a polite manner,” and “non-apology.” After watching each video, the participants physically expressed their anger by hand grip strength using a hand dynamometer imagining that they were in the video situation. Only the participants in the alcohol group expressed their anger more strongly after watching “apology in a businesslike tone” than “apology with bowing in a polite manner.” These results suggest that explicit polite and non-verbal expressions of apology to passengers by staff are important to reducing anger expressed by intoxicated passengers.

2023-08-23 00:07:01
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1 0 0 0 OA 2.介護予防の問題点―医療経済・政策学の視点から

著者: 二木立
出版者: 一般社団法人日本老年医学会
雑誌: 日本老年医学会雑誌 (ISSN:03009173)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.49, no.1, pp.54-57, 2012 (Released:2012-03-29)
参考文献数: 6

2006年に介護予防(新予防給付)が導入されて以降5年間に発表された厚生労働省・政府の諸資料,国内外の実証研究を用いて,5つの柱立てで費用抑制効果の有無を中心にして,介護予防の効果と問題点を再検証した.第1に,私が2006年に行った介護予防の文献レビューの概要を紹介した.次に,保健医療サービスの経済評価の留意点・常識を5つ述べた.第3に,2006年以降に発表された介護予防の経済効果についての日本語文献を検討した.第4に,さまざまな介護予防のうち,国際的にもっとも活発に行われている転倒予防を中心にして,英語文献レビューの検討を行った.第5に,厚生労働省・政府の介護予防の費用抑制効果試算が5年間で大幅に減額されていることを示した.その結果,介護予防事業が始まってから5年経つにもかかわらず,それの介護費用削減効果は国内的にも,国際的にも,まだ実証されていないことを明らかにした.

2023-08-23 00:06:35
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1 0 0 0 OA ステロイド緑内障の重症化に隅角形成不全が関与した微小変化型ネフローゼ症候群の1例

著者: 平沢光明元吉八重子小野静香北川達士横田俊介亀井宏一横井匡古川晋山口明日香宮田理英清原鋼二
出版者: 一般社団法人日本小児腎臓病学会
雑誌: 日本小児腎臓病学会雑誌 (ISSN:09152245)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.36, pp.9-15, 2023 (Released:2023-02-02)
参考文献数: 15

小児ネフローゼ症候群の治療に用いられるステロイド薬には,複数の副作用があり,緑内障はその一つである.しかし,ステロイド緑内障は点眼薬による治療で改善することも多く,手術まで要する症例は少ない.我々は,初発のネフローゼ症候群に対してステロイド治療開始後早期に眼圧上昇を認め,両眼に線維柱帯切開術を施行するも,ネフローゼ症候群再発の際にもステロイド治療に伴い,眼圧上昇を認めた症例を経験した.本症例は,一般的なステロイドレスポンダーの要素に加え,隅角形成不全も伴っていた.そのことによりステロイド治療開始早期に急激な眼圧上昇を来し,緊急の緑内障手術が必要になったと思われる.ステロイド治療による緑内障の発症は,本症例のように急速かつ重度な経過をたどる可能性もあるため,ステロイド使用時には可及的速やかな眼圧の確認・管理が重要である.

2023-08-22 23:46:29
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1 0 0 0 OA ロジスティック回帰分析法を活用した保険薬局における患者満足度の要因分析

著者: 廣田憲威北條雄也西岡香代松村直美島内憲夫
出版者: 一般社団法人日本医療薬学会
雑誌: 医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)
巻号頁・発行日: vol.45, no.4, pp.214-221, 2019-04-10 (Released:2020-04-10)
参考文献数: 12
被引用文献数: 4 1

Aozora Pharmacy is a community pharmacy that has acquired ISO9001-2015 certification and recognized as a “Health Support Pharmacy.” In order to improve the prescription service, we conduct an annual patient satisfaction survey. Using the results from the September 2018 survey (effective responses: 422 persons), a review was conducted on the usefulness of logistics regression analysis (LRA) and the factors that would enhance patient satisfaction at the health support pharmacy by running a conventional method of portfolio analysis (PA) and new LRA. By PA, “Staff’s greeting,” “Staff’s attitude,” “Easy language use,” “Pharmacist’s explanation,” “Environment of pharmacy,” “Privacy,” and “Waiting time” were classified as important items. On the other hand, by LRA, “Staff’s greeting,” “Pharmacist’s explanation,” and “Waiting time” showed a significant difference (P < 0.05). We have confirmed that LRA is available as a method of analysis. At a community pharmacy, importance is placed on the “functions to become a patient’s main pharmacy.” This time, the three items that showed a significant difference in LRA are all important factors for the “function to become one’s own pharmacy”; it is critical for a community pharmacy to make efforts with focus placed on these items.