著者

湯川 敏治

出版者

関西大学史学会

雑誌

史泉 (ISSN:03869407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, pp.13-34, 1982-12-20

出版者

日本鉄道車輌工業会

巻号頁・発行日

no.183, 1988-06

著者

楳嶺

雑誌

あづまにしきゑ

著者

高野斑山, 黒木勘蔵 校訂

出版者

春陽堂

巻号頁・発行日

vol.第八巻, 1924

著者

鈴木 国男

出版者

イタリア学会

雑誌

イタリア学会誌 (ISSN:03872947)

巻号頁・発行日

no.41, pp.10-37, 1991-10-20

---

Le figure femminili nelle opere di Goldoni rivelano varie fasi nella sua attivita teatrale cronologicamente parlando. La prima fase comincia con "La donna di garbo" che e la sua prima commedia interamente scritta. Garbo, per Goldoni, significa "intelligente" o "spiritosa". La protagonista Rosaura riesce a farsi sposare con l'amante che, in precedenza, l'aveva lasciata per un'altra donna proprio grazie a questa sua virtu. Seguono "La putta onorata" e "La Pamela" le cui protagoniste, come la precedente, conservano le loro virtu nel caso delle vicende subite contro la loro volonta. Le virtu femminili costituiscono quindi il nucleo di non poca parte delle commedie goldoniane di questo periodo. Ma le virtu sono ancora manifestate in modo piuttosto passivo come reazioni contro gli interventi altrui. Col passare del tempo e con la partecipazione alla compagnia della nuova "servetta" Maddalena Marliani, Goldoni comincio a creare altri tipi di donne. Questa nuova tendenza vide la sua piena espressione in "La castalda". Qui la protagonista insegue il proprio interesse con la massima audacia e astuzia per mezzo delle quali riesce a ottenere tutto cio che vuole. L'esito piu felice di questa tendenza e "La locandiera". Mirandolina e una donna indipendente e spregiudicata che gode di una certa liberta e conquista gli uomini nel modo piu scaltro che mai soltanto per la propria soddisfazione, senza mettre a rischio l'equilibrio della vita sia sociale sia sentimentale. La terza fase prese inizio con la collaborazione con la compagnia del Teatro S. Luca dove la prima donna era diventata Caterina Bresciani. Il loro primo trionfo fu conseguito con "La sposa persiana". In tale lavoro teatrale, sia la forma di tragi-commedia sia grazie all'introduzione di un ambiente esotico (quello persiano) assistiamo alle rivendicazioni e alle lotte di una donna fiera e agressiva come non se ne erano incontrate in precedenza. D'altra parte, "La putta onorata", "La Pamela" e "La sposa persiana" hanno avuto un seguito in una o due opere successive con gli stessi personaggi. Ma come dichiara l'autore stesso nella prefazione di "Le smanie per la villeggiatura", queste sono semplici riprese da opere precedenti, dato che ebbero gran successo e non furono scritte con l'intento di comporre un insieme omogeneo. In conseguenza non ebbero gli esiti cosi felici come le precedenti, ne presentarono qualche novita nei caratteri dei personaggi. A differenza di tali opere, "La trilogia della villeggiatura" fu scritta in partenza con l'intenzione esplicita di comporre una vera trilogia, mantenendo gli stessi personaggi nei diversi luogi e nei diversi ambienti. Fu un unicum nell'attivita teatrale di Goldoni, denso di notevoli conseguenze. Ho esaminato le caratteristiche strutturali della Trilogia soprattutto dal punto di vista particolarmente topologico in "Composizione della Trilogia della Villeggiatura". In questo articolo mi sono proposto di mettere a fuoco le figure femminili menzionate qui sopra e mettere in rilievo l'originalita rispetto alle sia pur necessarie opere precedenti. La protagonista della Trilogia, Giacinta, non e piu una donna che sopporta la poverta o la schiavitu ne e una donna che lavora per conto proprio come Mirandolina. E una fanciulla della classe borghese abbastanza benestante la cui ambizione (che viene criticata dall'autore) e far bella fugura imitando, con ostentazione, il comportamento dei nobili a cui non appartiene ; e cio in modo vistoso e ridicolo. Come Mirandolina, Giacinta proclama la propria liberta e sa combattere con gli uomini e con la rivale. Sa cio che vuole ottenere, cioe l'indipendenza e l'iniziativa nei confronti degli altri personaggi ; in realta, non sono cose che si possono conseguire combattendo, ma che sono proprie del personaggio Giacinta fin dall'inizio. Non ha neanche bisogno di vendicarsi. Ha soltanto paura di perdere la propria disponibilita col fidanzarsi, giacche non conosce ne il vero amore ne la vita matrimoniale. Cosi, seguendo tutto secondo la propria volonta e pur trionfando su tutti gli altri, perde la propria liberta e il piacere della villeggiatura.

著者

Shikama Tokio Okafuji Goro

出版者

横浜国立大学

雑誌

横浜国立大学理科紀要. 第二類, 生物学・地学 (ISSN:05135613)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.43-103x, 1958-12-11

著者

原島 博

雑誌

情報処理

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.1, pp.55-58, 2016-12-15

---

人をエンパワーすることが無条件でよいことか,について問題提起する.20世紀前半に世界的に大流行した「優生学」の思想は,望ましい質を持った人を残すことを目指した結果,ホロコーストに至った.現代では優生学は「エンハンスメント」に形を変え,科学技術による人間の拡大・拡張を進めている.そして,人間がすべてを支配する方向に進んでいる.エンパワーメントは,自滅へ向けたエンハンスメントにはならないことを自戒しなければならない.

著者

東洋大学国語国文学会 編

出版者

東洋大学国語国文学会事務局

巻号頁・発行日

no.3, 1999-06

著者

Maulana I. KAMIL Irwin M. UMAMI Khairun N. KAMARUDIN HERMANSAH Susumu. S. ABE

出版者

Japanese Society for Tropical Agriculture

雑誌

Tropical Agriculture and Development (ISSN:18828450)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.2, pp.77-81, 2022 (Released:2022-09-02)

参考文献数

14

著者

上田 衛

出版者

鶴見大学

雑誌

鶴見大学紀要. 第3部, 保育・歯科衛生編 = The bulletin of Tsurumi University. Pt. 3, Studies in infant education and dental hygiene (ISSN:03898024)

巻号頁・発行日

no.52, pp.27-32, 2015-03

著者

赤堀 三郎

雑誌

経済と社会:東京女子大学社会学会紀要 (ISSN:03864014)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, pp.19-34, 2009-03-03

著者

村元 由佳利 山口 由貴子 冨田 圭子 鵜飼 治二 松井 元子 大谷 貴美子

出版者

Japanese Society of Shokuiku

雑誌

日本食育学会誌 (ISSN:18824773)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.2, pp.207-219, 2015-04-25 (Released:2015-07-17)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

---

Poor dietary behavior among elementary school students in Japan has recently become a cause of concern. Kyoto’s traditional food culture is well known for its healthy, high quality, seasonal ingredients, and thus increased awareness among students may promote improvements in their dietary behavior. Therefore, we developed a shokuiku (food education) program consisting of a series of lectures and practical sessions based on Kyoto’s food culture. We then conducted the program on total of 20 classes of sixth-grade students in a public elementary school in Kyoto to investigate whether increased awareness of the benefits of Kyoto’s food culture would improve their dietary behavior.After the program, we assessed a number of factors related to dietary behavior. Among these factors, we found that the percentage of students who were able to savor meals using all 5 senses increased from 29.7% to 79.0%, and the percentage of students who paid more attention to table manners at mealtime increased from 10.9% to 40.3%. Furthermore, they came to view Kyoto’s food culture, which is representative of Japan, i.e., having a beautiful seasonal presentation, a spirit of treasuring the inherent color and flavor of the ingredients, and accompanied by a spirit of hospitality known as motenashi no kokoro, as beneficial. More than 90% of the students reported appreciating Kyoto’s food culture and feeling a sense of pride to be residents of the city. They also considered motenashi no kokoro to be its most important principle. In addition, a questionnaire conducted on the students’ parents (response rate, 66.2%) showed that over 50% observed an increase in their child’s interest in cooking and daily dietary habits at home. A separate questionnaire conducted on school teachers showed that the shokuiku program was suitable and effective for sixth-grade students, and that a visit to a restaurant specializing in Kyo-ryori, the cuisine of Kyoto, which was part of the program, allowed the students to reflect on what they had learned at school and to develop more interest in the benefits of Kyoto’s food culture. Moreover, they developed an awareness of healthy dietary behavior.These results suggest that shokuiku programs can improve dietary behavior in elementary school students.

著者

黒谷 佳代 新杉 知沙 三好 美紀 瀧本 秀美

出版者

The Japanese Society of Nutrition and Dietetics

雑誌

栄養学雑誌 (ISSN:00215147)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.Supplement, pp.S50-S59, 2020-12-01 (Released:2021-02-16)

参考文献数

31

---

【目的】 食育の推進に関連する法律,政策および活動について整理すること。【方法】 食育基本法,食育推進基本計画,都道府県および市町村における食育推進計画について情報をとりまとめた。【結果】 食育基本法は,国民が生涯にわたって健全な心身を培い,豊かな人間性を育むことができるようにすることを目的として,2005年に制定された。食育基本法では,5か年計画の食育推進基本計画の作成及び実施による食育推進を図ることが規定されている。2005年から2015年は,内閣府が食育の推進を図るための基本的な施策に関する企画,立案,総合調整の事務を担い,2016年以降は農林水産省が担当している。毎年,食育推進基本計画の推進状況について評価が行われている。第3次食育推進基本計画(2016~2020年度)では,21の目標値が設定され,共食や中学校における学校給食の実施,食品中の食塩や脂肪の低減に取り組む食品企業,伝統的な料理や作法等の継承,食品の安全性に関する項目が2019年現在達成されている。また,都道府県食育推進計画はすべての都道府県で作成,実施がされているものの,市町村の計画は未だ100%に達していない。【結論】食育基本法制定後,約15年間で食育推進計画によりいくつかの課題が改善したものの,朝食欠食などの課題が依然として続いている。COVID-19の影響で,人々の生活環境は急速に,そして劇的に変化した。国民の明るい未来の創出のために,食育推進に関わるすべての人々が食・健康課題への対応に尽力することが必要だろう。

著者

Yumiko Miyamoto Trofim C. Maximov Alexander Kononov Atsuko Sugimoto

出版者

The Mycological Society of Japan

雑誌

Mycoscience (ISSN:13403540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.4, pp.142-148, 2022-07-31 (Released:2022-07-31)

参考文献数

70

被引用文献数

3

---

Microbial symbionts are essential for plant niche expansion into novel habitats. Dormant propagules of ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi are thought to play an important role in seedling establishment in invasion fronts; however, propagule bank communities above the treeline are poorly understood in the Eurasian Arctic, where treelines are expected to advance under rapid climate change. To investigate the availability of EM fungal propagules, we collected 100 soil samples from Arctic tundra sites and applied bioassay experiments using Larix cajanderi as bait seedlings. We detected 11 EM fungal operational taxonomic units (OTUs) by obtaining entire ITS regions. Suillus clintonianus was the most frequently observed OTU, followed by Cenococcum geophilum and Sebacinales OTU1. Three Suillus and one Rhizopogon species were detected in the bioassay seedlings, indicating the availability of Larix-specific suilloid spores at least 30 km from the contemporary treeline. Spores of S. clintonianus and S. spectabilis remained infective after preservation for 14 mo and heat treatment at 60 °C, implying the durability of the spores. Long-distance dispersal capability and spore resistance to adverse conditions may represent ecological strategies employed by suilloid fungi to quickly associate with emerging seedlings of compatible hosts in treeless habitats.

著者

フレデリック・フェネル著 秋山紀夫訳

出版者

佼成出版社

巻号頁・発行日

1985

著者

篠島 健二 小谷内 敏明 川島 博

出版者

公益社団法人 日本雪氷学会

雑誌

雪氷 (ISSN:03731006)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.4, pp.83-99, 1966-07-30 (Released:2009-09-04)

参考文献数

6

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

真鍋 祐子

出版者

社会学研究会

雑誌

ソシオロジ (ISSN:05841380)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.2, pp.19-36,193, 1994-10-31 (Released:2017-02-15)

---

We often come across in Korea a sight of the demonstrators burning themselves to death. By such a sensational method, they intend to protest against the political power,as well as to appeal to the public. Not only the existing activists but the ordinary people accept their assertions positively and energetically because they want to put the blame for the "political suicide" on the society filled with absurdity. They hold a ceremony to set the dead up as <yolsa> and to try to calm their grudge, which reflects the frustration experienced by the living. Such process can be regarded as a kind of the "social drama" based on a root-paradigm peculiar to the Korean culture. According to their suicide notes and various kinds of statements, the rootparadigm concerning a view of life and death has two factors; one is ethics of (filial piety) coming from Confucianism, and the other is a mechanism of <han>(Ressentiment) and <han-puri>, of which process is not simply reciprocal but existential. Both the dead and the living must grope the meanings of accepting the death through these two factors. They act on both the dead and the living based on the idea that there is a metaphoric relationship between their real parents and their mother country, that is unified Korea as social parents.

著者

松本 茂

出版者

日本経営学会

雑誌

日本経営学会誌 (ISSN:18820271)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, pp.3-16, 2021 (Released:2022-09-21)

参考文献数

21

---

Japanese enterprises began to expand into overseas markets in earnest at the beginning of the 21st century. This may be considered to be inevitable due to the simultaneous maturation of Japan's domestic market and development of emerging markets; the average ratio of manufacturing companies' foreign sales has been rising continuously during this time, reaching almost 40% in fiscal 2017. Japanese companies have been struggling with the issue of low profitability since the previous century; however, it is a question whether increasing the ratio of foreign sales helps resolve this problem. This paper uses financial data from fiscal 2001 through fiscal 2016 to analyze how the degree of reliance on foreign markets affects profitability. Examining data on a sample of 8,435 companies over 16 years, we observed a positive correlation between profitability and the ratio of foreign sales to total sales, which represents the degree of reliance on foreign markets. However, using a regression analysis to control for the effects of variables such as growth rate of sales and asset turnover ratio, the ratio of foreign sales is shown to negatively impact profitability at a significance level of 1%. Furthermore, when we divide the total sample for each year from fiscal 2001 through fiscal 2016 into two equal groups, based on their degree of reliance on foreign sales, there was a difference in profitability between the group with high ratio of foreign sales and the group with low ratio of foreign sales. For the group with low ratio of foreign sales, we confirmed more significant negative causality between profitability and ratio of foreign sales. On the surface, Japanese companies' overseas operations may appear to contribute to their growth and profitability, but, in fact, it is apparent that this is not the case with regard to their profits.

著者

Takashi Sakikawa

出版者

日本経営学会

雑誌

日本経営学会誌 (ISSN:18820271)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, pp.17-30, 2021 (Released:2022-09-21)

参考文献数

39

---

Researchers has had an interest in the role of culture in the use of high performance work practices in recent years. Yet, the effect of culture on high performance work practices and the resulting performance outcomes is under-researched and remains unknown. In order to fill this research gap, I examined the effects of culture on high performance work practices and one resulting workplace outcome (i.e. positive work climate) by focusing on organizational culture. I tested the hypotheses by drawing on evidence from local and foreign companies in Vietnam. I theorized and found not only the effect of an organization's collectivist culture on high performance work practices but also its indirect effect on positive work climate through those practices and the indirect effect conditioned by organizational form (i.e. domestic versus international firms). I performed supplementary analyses to explore cross-cultural differences by combining datasets from my prior U.S. and Japan surveys with a dataset from the Vietnam survey. A future research direction would be to collect data from multiple countries, including not only Asian countries but also Western ones, and to estimate the cross-cultural effects on the use of high performance work practices and the resulting work climate and other workplace outcomes among those nations.

著者

林 侑輝

出版者

日本経営学会

雑誌

日本経営学会誌 (ISSN:18820271)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, pp.31-45, 2021 (Released:2022-09-21)

参考文献数

41

---

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the strategies adopted by long-established companies for identifying the factors promoting their survival in hostile environments. While Japan has the world's largest number of companies older than a century, there is a scarcity of empirical studies using objective data about them. The majority of prior research is based on surveys of long-lasting companies and focuses on the commonalities of the subjective responses. On the contrary, this study collects financial information on survivors (firms that have remained in existence for more than 300 years) as well as bankrupts (firms that had moderate longevity but failed after the bursting of the bubble economy) from 1978 to 1992. We conducted a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fs/QCA) using data from 18 listed Japanese firms to categorize the strategies of both the survivors and bankrupts. Analytical findings indicate that there are three categories of typical strategies adopted by the survivors. The first category consists of leveraging large assets along with a broad business domain to maintain an above-average growth rate even in unfavorable circumstances. The second category is different from the first and pursues stability and financial security due to its large scale and broad scope. The third category is growth-oriented and based on stable cash flow by relatively small but diversified companies. This analysis further reveals a typical pattern of bankruptcy. It is partially similar to the third survival strategy, but does not achieve commensurate growth with the expansion of its scope. To put it differently, a small to medium-sized enterprise aiming to realize long-term survival needs to implement an entrepreneurial survival strategy that involves moving into growing domains along with withdrawing from declining markets.