著者

本間 昭信

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

地理学評論 (ISSN:13479555)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.14, pp.887-900, 2002-12-01 (Released:2008-12-25)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

3 1

---

本研究は,視覚障害者の日常生活におげるモビリティの規定要因を,対象者の移動環境に対する満足度や,障害の度合いといった個人属性の関係から明らかにすることを目的としている.まず,視覚障害者の移動環境にどのような種類があるかを因子分析から明らかにし,重回帰分析によって単独移動率として定義されたモビリティと移動環境の満足度を評価する.そして,因子得点に基づくクラスター分析から典型的な移動環境評価の特性を分類し,対象者のモビリティと個人属性の関係を追究した.その結果,対象者の移動環境に対する満足度の高さがモビリティを規定するとはいえないことが示された.これは,障害の度合いや移動に対する抵抗感,そして対象者の背景の個人差によって生じるものである.それゆえ,対象者の日常的な移動行動上の制約を明らかにするためには,物理的環境の制約のみならず,個人がおかれた社会的背景と意識的側面に注意を払いながら考えていくことが重要な課題となる.

著者

鄭 美愛

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

地理学評論 (ISSN:13479555)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.13, pp.791-812, 2002-11-01 (Released:2008-12-25)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1

---

本稿は,ソウル大都市圏に位置する盆唐ニュータウン(以下NT)居住者の居住地移動パターンと移動要因について,ライフステージの概念を適用し,縦断分析によって明らかにした.地方出身者は地方から首都圏に移動した後に盆唐NTに転入する.世帯準備期においては主に利便性要因,世帯形成期には住居要因により移動が生じる.世帯成長期の移動には住居・資産形成要因が重要である.ソウル出身者は江北を発地とし,江南またはソウル大都市圏を経由して盆唐NTに至る.親世代がソウルで生活基盤を構築した彼らの場合,住居要因が世帯準備期からすでに重要な移動要因である.世帯成長期には,住居要因に加えて自然環境・資産形成要因によって盆唐NTに転入した.サンプル世帯の約6割は江南を経由する.江南に居住することが盆唐NTへの移動の契機となった.江南に居住できた人々のうち,世帯成長期にあってより良好な居住環境を求める者,資産形成を図る者が盆唐NTへ移動する.

著者

澤田 康徳 高橋 日出男

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

地理学評論 (ISSN:13479555)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.8, pp.509-528, 2002-07-01 (Released:2008-12-25)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

3 2

---

本研究では,夏季の関東地方におけるメソβスケール降水域の発現・移動に関する地域的特徴を,レーダーアメダス解析雨量に基づく多数事例から明らかにし,それと上層風および地上風系場との関係を考察した.降水域は夕方に八溝山・男体山・榛名山付近や秩父山地など関東平野周辺の山地域で多発する.多くの事例では降水域はほとんど移動しない(停滞型)が,榛名山付近で発現した降水域は熊谷付近を経て東~東南東進する(移動型)ことが多い.上層風 (500~700hPa) の風向は停滞型・移動型とも西よりの風が卓越しており,風速は移動型の方が多少強い傾向があるものの,個々の降水域の移動速度とは相関が低く,降水域の停滞・移動は上層風だけでは説明できない.地上風系場に着目すると,移動型の場合には,降水域の移動方向に沿って侵入経路の異なる海風などにより形成される収束域が存在する.停滞型の場合は,降水域の発現地点付近に収束域が形成され,降水域東側には顕著な収束域は存在しない.収束域は関東平野中央部をほぼ東西に横切って形成されるため,榛名山付近で形成された降水域が熊谷付近を経て東進しやすいと考えられる

著者

Shunsuke IKE

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

地理学評論 (ISSN:13479555)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.5, pp.344-370, 2002-04-01 (Released:2008-12-25)

参考文献数

31

---

In this paper, the author attemped to clarify the social characteristics of rural communities in Hokkaido by using the empirical data of ownership and utilization of common lands, which are important as the material basis of rural communities in Japan. The area selected for study was the settlement of Saruba in Biratori Town, Hokkaido, where common land (Saruba-kyodoyama) has been used effectively. As a result of investigation, it has been clarified that Saruba-kyodoyama has the same fundamental characteristics as common lands in Japanese traditional communities, such as formal equality of right in the community. However, there are some important differences. In case of traditional communities in Japan, the ownership of common land has been recognized as a certification of membership in the community. On the other hand, ownership is recognized only economically as money in Saruba-kyodoyama. Frequent movements of ownership shares in Saruba-kyodoyama resulted from those features of common land in Hokkaido. Differences in the ownership and utilization of common land in Hokkaido as compared to traditional communities in Japan illustrate the differences in social characteristics between rural communities in Hokkaido and those in the rest of Japan. Therefore the author considers that analyses of characteristics of rural communities in Hokkaido with the common lands used as indices has achieved a specific effectiveness.

著者

Akira TABAYASHI

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

地理学評論 (ISSN:13479555)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.5, pp.280-303, 2002-04-01 (Released:2008-12-25)

参考文献数

32

---

The present paper takes up all the tulip bulb farmers who engaged in tulip bulb cultivation for 44 years from 1948 to 1991 in the Kurobe alluvial fan in the northeast of Toyama Prefecture. Based on changes of their distribution, the paper clarifies the process of forming the bulb cultivation area and discusses various conditions of its formation. As a result, it becomes clear that the cultivation area expanded from several specific rural communities to the environs in the 1950s and receded again to the rural communities and their vicinities in and after the 1960s. The area where the tulip bulb cultivation became active up to the mid-1950s still now plays a core part. The bulb cultivation distributed area corresponded to the area in which several former municipalities were integrated. The formative conditions of the tulip-bulb producing area, such as roles of the Tulip Bulb Farmers' Cooperative in Toyama Prefecture, other agricultural management sectors, relations with off-farm employment, pioneers and leaders, existence of regional organizations, and subsidy from the administration are important, not to mention the climate, soil, and other natural conditions. In addition to these, age, existence of successors, technical level, and other attributes of the farmers and the individuals are related.

著者

Junji NAGATA

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

地理学評論 (ISSN:13479555)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.5, pp.213-235, 2002-04-01 (Released:2008-12-25)

参考文献数

22

---

Under the producers' price limitation policy, sugar cane farming in Okinawa cannot exist without rationalizing its management, mainly through the introduction of mechanical harvesting. This has become a serious problem especially in the isolated islands where sugar cane farming and sugar production are the main industries. In this paper, I focused on Minamidaito Island, which is the only area in Okinawa that has introduced mechanical harvesting on a large scale, and examined the actual management of sugar cane farming, based upon a survey conducted in Kita Village in 1988. The conclusion revealed that the mechanization of harvesting did not necessarily serve for the rationalization of the management. The characteristics of the management of sugar cane farming on Minamidaito Island after mechanization are: remarkably increased investment in capital equipment and in farmland improvement, increased cultivation cost needed for new planting and application of fertilizers and chemicals, and increased labor input. These lead to diminishing the income of farmers because problems like how to take advantage of the capital equipment, how to convert the conventional extensive system of cultivation to a labor-intensive, capital-intensive system have not been discussed enough. The liberation from hard labor by the mechanization of harvesting is considered to be the minimum necessity for the young labor force to participate in sugar cane farming. But at the same time, if the mechanization does not lead to the rationalization of its management, sugar cane farming will gradually lose its future labor force, and its status as the main industry of the isolated islands of Okinawa will be lowered.

著者

原田 洋一郎

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

地理学評論 (ISSN:13479555)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.1, pp.41-65, 2002-01-01 (Released:2008-12-25)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1

---

本稿では,神岡鉱山栃洞地区での江戸末期における鉱山開発の展開とその地域的基盤について,開発に必要とされた技術者,資金の確保のあり方に注目して検討した.北陸,東海地方には,衰退した鉱山から盛況へ向かいつつある鉱山へと移動を繰り返す金山師が多数存在し,地域に技術者が確保されていた.開発資金は,主に船津町村,高山町の商人によって供給された.とりわけ,山元の船津町村では江戸末期までに戸数が増加し,さまざまな属性の者が居住するようになっており,それらが時期に応じ,経済力に応じて,資金供給,下請稼行,必要物資などの販売など,異なったかたちで開発に関与したことが,開発の継続と盛行に大きく寄与していた.江戸末期には対象地域のような,比較的貧弱な鉱床の開発が広く行われたが,それらの開発は,地域住民の積極的な開発への関与,全国規模での鉱物資源の流通システムの成立によって可能になったと考えられる.

著者

島津 俊之

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

地理学評論 (ISSN:13479555)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.75, no.2, pp.88-113, 2002-02-01 (Released:2008-12-25)

参考文献数

110

被引用文献数

3 2

---

本稿は地理学史におけるクリティカル・ヒストリーの潮流に鑑み,明治政府の地誌編纂事業を新出史料に基づいて再構成し,近代日本の国民国家形成との関係性を考察した.一国地誌の編纂は当初民部省・文部省・陸軍省で個別に構想され,文部省は『日本地誌略』を,陸軍省は『兵要日本地理小誌』などを刊行した.陸軍省から正院に移った塚本明毅は『日本地誌提要』を編纂し,さらに「皇国地誌」の編纂を推進した.それを「大日本国誌」に発展させた内務官僚桜井勉の異動は,その中止や地誌編纂事業の帝国大学移管と規模縮小につながり,井上毅文相の裁定と死は当該事業の命運を断った.正院-内務省系統のキーパースンは,地誌編纂の表象的な国土統合機能を主権強化の要件としたが,国民統合の構想には欠けていた.しかし,対外的な国威発揚の用具ともなった『日本地誌提要』は,その記載内容が実質的に国民統合に向けて動員された.かかる「意図せざる結果」は,国土統合や主権強化の諸過程とあいまって,国民国家形成に寄与し得るものであった.

著者

大村 英史 柴山 拓郎 寺澤 洋子 星(柴) 玲子 川上 愛 吹野 美和 岡ノ谷 一夫 古川 聖

出版者

一般社団法人 日本音響学会

雑誌

日本音響学会誌 (ISSN:03694232)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.9, pp.467-478, 2013-09-01 (Released:2017-06-02)

---

本稿では,音楽情動に関わる研究を歴史,測定,心理的知見,生理的知見,理論の五つの項目から横断的に概観し,音楽の知覚と情動に関わるメカニズムについて考察を行う。従来の音楽情動の研究では,メロディやリズムなどの音に関する要素と情動の関係に焦点を当てた研究が中心であったが,最近では音楽が持つ背景や聴取環境などの音以外の要素と情動の関係の知見も多く報告されている。これらは,音楽情動を引き起こす原因が音に関する事象だけに存在しているのではなく,他の事象も多く存在することを示している。本稿ではこれらの事象をひとまとめにして,音楽と聴取者の間に存在する,音楽情動を引き起こすための「媒体」と呼ぶ。音楽情動に関係する複数の媒体は互いに影響を与え合い複雑な関係になっていることが考えられる。

著者

中 奈央子

出版者

口腔病学会

雑誌

口腔病学会雑誌 (ISSN:03009149)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.3, pp.209-216, 2005-09-30 (Released:2010-10-08)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

1

---

The purpose of this study was to clarify the following : 1) effect on the elasticity of the musculus trapezius caused by psychological load, and 2) relationship between psychological load, muscle elasticity, and the autonomic nervous system (ANS) by frequency analysis of heart rate variability.The experiment was conducted on a group of 30 healthy volunteers, consisting of 16 males and 14 females with an average age of 31.2 years old. We investigated and compared the changes in muscle elasticity and ANS in the case of control (resting), phonating and mental calculation as psychological load. Psychological status and stress response were measured by using State-Trate Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Stress Checklist (SCL), and Stress Tolerance Checklist (STCL) .As a result, the subjects experienced effective acute emotional stress during mental calculation, and muscle elasticity increased significantly.Heart rate (HR), low frequency (LF) component, and LF/HF increased significantly during mental calculations. The high frequency (HF) component tended to decrease during mental calculations.The rate of elevation of muscle elasticity and HR (difference between at rest and when calculating) was significantly related to STAI and STCL. STCL was significantly related to state of anxiety. The results of this study suggest that anxiety and stress tolerance affect muscle elasticity.

著者

大谷 弘

出版者

日本イギリス哲学会

雑誌

イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, pp.37-52, 2017-03-20 (Released:2018-07-25)

参考文献数

32

---

According to a commonplace view about the later Wittgensteinʼs philosophical method, a truly critical stance in philosophy is incompatible with the respect for common sense that Wittgensteinʼs official metaphilosophy endorses. Against this idea, I will claim that these are compatible. Especially, I will argue that (i) the role of common sense in Wittgensteinʼs philosophy is no more than to offer models for clarifying various philosophical utterances, and (ii) Wittgensteinʼs philosophy is truly critical in that it examines our framework of thoughts including common sense, so that Wittgenstein can be properly called a philosopher of common sense and enlightenment.

著者

岡村 太郎

出版者

日本イギリス哲学会

雑誌

イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, pp.51-65, 2016-03-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

参考文献数

10

---

Many of our mental states are directed toward something or have an “intentionality”. In the Treatise of Human Nature, David Hume describes passions like pride as intentional. My aim is to interpret this intentionality of passions in an appropriate way. Many have interpreted it as an “extrinsic” property of passions, but they cannot explain some distinct characters of intentional passions. Criticizing these interpretations, a new interpretation has appeared, which understands intentionality as an “intrinsic” property of passions. This is a strong interpretation except for dismissing a passionʼs significant role: directing our cognition. Modifying this point, I offer an alternative “intrinsic” interpretation.

著者

中村 隆文

出版者

日本イギリス哲学会

雑誌

イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, pp.79-95, 2007-03-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

---

Epistemological status of moral judgment, or the question concerning the existence of moral values, has been and still is one of the biggest issues in metaethics. Some ( especially called ‘Humean’ ) insist that the values, including moral values, are really products of ’attitudes’ projected into the world, and others argue that they are independent of the activity of the subject’s mind. We find Hume’s phrases often referred to in this sort of disputes. But the fact that many philosophers are getting inspiration from Hume does not always mean that they, both Humeans and anti-Humeans, correctly understand what Hume intended to claim. This paper tries to reply some of the serious problems appearing in the controversy by showing that it is proper from Hume's standpoint to assume the morality located in the external world.

著者

森 達也

出版者

日本イギリス哲学会

雑誌

イギリス哲学研究 (ISSN:03877450)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.19-32, 2005-03-20 (Released:2018-03-30)

参考文献数

58

---

Berlin's studies on the history of ideas have been the focus of severe criticism recently. I argue that this is due to the lack of discussion on his “existentialist view of history.” This Crocean view mediates his study of history and his liberal political philosophy on the one hand, and implies that Berlin's books on Romanticism — especially those on J. G. Hamann — reflect his intellectual path, his political concern and his own identity as a Jew, on the other. Although Berlin was sensitive to nationalism, he affirmed Zionism. The Crocean view enables us to make sense of his paradoxical attitude.

著者

清水 賀之 畠山 信夫 花村 英悟 渡部 一雄 横山 由香 益山 忠

出版者

一般社団法人 資源・素材学会

雑誌

Journal of MMIJ (ISSN:18816118)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.135, no.7, pp.52-62, 2019-07-31 (Released:2019-07-05)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

---

Flow characteristics of slurry with rare-earth rich mud are investigated to examine lifting systems for mining rare-earth elements from deep seabed. Twelve samples, extracted from different locations and depths from seabed around the Minamitorishima with several concentration of rare-earth elements are mixed up with sea water to make slurry with specified volume concentration of mud 1.0% to 10.0%. Cone-plate type rotary viscometers are used to examine relations between shear stress and shear rate of slurry in each volume concentration of mud. As a result, it was found that shape of graph; the shear stress in the vertical axis and the shear rate in the horizontal axis was concave down and increasing during whole range of the shear rate. The shear stress increased gradually as the shear rate increased in case of low volume concentration of mud up to 3.0%. On the other hand, the shear stress changed significantly at small shear rate, and then gradually increased, then lineally in the end in case of larger volume concentration. In addition, similar characteristics under the same volume concentration, even though tested samples were extracted from different locations, depths and concentration of rare-earth elements. Further, three types of fluid model; the Power low model, the Bingham-Papanastasiou model and the Herchel-Bulkley-Papanastasiou model were fitted on the data using the least square techniques, then compared with each other. The last two models, i.e., the Bingham-Papanastasiou model and the Herchel-Bulkley-Papanastasiou model corrects deviations from the data when using “original” the Bingham model and the Herchel-Bulkley model, especially in the range of small shear rate under high volume concentration of mud. The Herchel-Bulkley-Papanastasiou model was the most appropriate model within the three models. Furthermore, correlation equations for parameters of the HerchelBulkley-Papanastasiou model were derived related to volume concentration of mud.

著者

壇 順司

出版者

日本理学療法士学会

雑誌

理学療法学 (ISSN:02893770)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.326-330, 2013-06-20 (Released:2017-07-21)

参考文献数

12

著者

倉林 義正

出版者

日本経済学会

雑誌

The Economic Studies Quarterly (ISSN:0557109X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.5, pp.423-424, 1992-12-25 (Released:2008-02-28)

著者

(一社)日本臨床衛生検査技師会 尿沈渣特集号編集部会

出版者

一般社団法人 日本臨床衛生検査技師会

雑誌

医学検査 (ISSN:09158669)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.J-STAGE-1, pp.142-147, 2017-03-31 (Released:2017-07-11)

---

尿沈渣検査は,尿中に出現する成分を尿の遠心操作にて得られた沈殿物を観察する検査である。尿沈渣の標本作成における操作が単純であるにもかかわらず,尿沈渣に出現する成分は多種多様であるため,鑑別が非常に複雑である。その要因としては,尿沈渣に出現する尿中有形成分が,ひとつの成分においても様々な形態で存在することがある。たとえばシュウ酸カルシウム結晶では正八面体型とビスケット型,コマ型などが存在し,尿細管上皮細胞に至っては基本型,特殊型と細胞形態のバリエーションが多岐にわたる。このように尿沈渣検査では成分を正しく鑑別するための知識と技術が必要である。この部では,尿沈渣に出現する基本的な尿中有形成分を鑑別する知識を習得するために,最も基本となる成分の写真について「尿沈渣検査法2010」の尿沈渣アトラスを引用(一部改編)し掲載する。また「*」でマークした写真は,尿沈渣成分の新たな情報として追加したものである.この尿沈渣アトラスを利用し,各成分の特徴を捉えることをしっかりと身につけ,今後遭遇するであろう鑑別困難な成分に対しても対処できるよう,基礎知識を学習することを目的とする。

著者

清水 保夫

出版者

社団法人 日本泌尿器科学会

雑誌

日本泌尿器科學會雑誌 (ISSN:00215287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.12, pp.1562-1577, 1978-12-20 (Released:2010-07-23)

参考文献数

46

---

To ascertain anaerobic urinary tract infection, a total of 615 urine specimens from 97 male and 117 female patients were cultured. Most of them have chronic urological disease, such as cancer of the bladder, benign prostatic hypertrophy and urinary calculus. Urinary bacteriological exminations were investigated to serially dilute the urine specimens obtained by two methods. Clean midstream catch technique was applied for the samples of male subjects and sterile catheterization for famele.112 strains of anaerobes were recovered from 27 per cent of 214 patients (78 of 615 specimens). Peptococcus anaerobius and Peptococcus variabilis were most frequent and isolated 18 times and also 7 strains of Bacteroides fragilis could be found in this study. This result seems similar to that obtained for the anterior urethral flora by other investigators.Among 30 urine samples with anaerobes of more than 105 viable cells counts per ml., anaerobes were isolated in 5. There is less significnat association between viable cell count and pyuria when anaerobic bacteria were cultured in large quantities of mine sample than when aerobic bacteria were cultured in similar conditions.The bacterial count and species of yielded anaerobes from urine samples are not the decisive factor for diagnosing anaerobic urinary tract infection. Additional factors, such as clinical findings and predisposing or underlying conditions of the patient, must always be considered. Now criterion for diagnosis of anaerobic urinary tract infection sholud be established.

著者

阿部 善彦

出版者

宗教哲学会

雑誌

宗教哲学研究 (ISSN:02897105)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, pp.102-106, 2019-03-30 (Released:2019-05-22)