著者
Hiroshi Yoshikura
出版者
National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee
雑誌
Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.JJID.2018.421, (Released:2019-04-26)
参考文献数
7
被引用文献数
1

The number of eaters and that of patients per outbreak followed lognormal distribution in food poisonings caused by microbes while it followed scale-free distribution in food poisoning caused by plant or animal toxins. Attack rates of the individual outbreaks were distributed continuously and almost linearly from >0 to 1 for all the food poisonings, i.e., they could not be represented by median and standard deviation. For monitoring of the number of patients and the attack rate in individual outbreaks simultaneously, the number of patients was plotted in the x-axis in the logarithmic scale against the attack rate in the y-axis in the normal scale. There emerged plots characterized by repeating arcs assuming shape of a butterfly with extended wings viewed from above, which was called “backbone configuration”. The butterfly-shaped plot patterns were generally stable over time, but variable depending on pathogens, implicated facilities and their combinations. The backbone configuration was reproduced by assuming that the number of patients per outbreak was distributed continuously from 1 to the number of eaters per outbreak.
著者
石井謙道 [著]
出版者
[ ]
巻号頁・発行日
vol.[1], 1800

1 0 0 0 OA 南路志

著者
武藤, 致和
出版者
巻号頁・発行日
vol.巻116,
著者
Abdelrahman Tareq Sadeq Elsharqawy アブデルラフマーン ターレク サイード エルシャルカーウィー
出版者
大阪大学大学院言語文化研究科
雑誌
外国語教育のフロンティア (ISSN:24339636)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, pp.343-352, 2018-03-30

研究ノートThe Arabic Language has a long history as living and spoken language. It also occupies a wide geographical area and has acquired the position of a communicational language and international language, as well as a language for religion (Islam) and for science - specially during the medieval ages. There is a well-known phenomenon in Arabic which is having more than one level: standard and colloquial. This is what can be called as Diglossia. Because of diglossia, speakers have to choose the language level to use according to situation and the speech-act. This may cause some difficulty, if not contradiction when adopting guidelines for teaching/learning Arabic. The target of this paper is to review different Arabic language textbooks – currently in use – trying to find out how they deal with contradiction.
出版者
巻号頁・発行日
vol.[2],
著者
六人部 昭典
出版者
実践女子大学
雑誌
実践女子大学美學美術史學 (ISSN:09122044)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, pp.71-90, 2013-03-05
著者
小島 清
出版者
日本輸出入銀行海外投資研究所
雑誌
海外投資研究所報 (ISSN:0914546X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, no.10, pp.6-25, 1981-10
著者
Joannes Paulus Tolentino Hernandez
出版者
The University of Tokushima Faculty of Medicine
雑誌
The Journal of Medical Investigation (ISSN:13431420)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.66, no.1.2, pp.24-30, 2019-02-15 (Released:2019-04-27)
参考文献数
52
被引用文献数
25

Telenursing is one type of telehealth service delivery proposed to resolve the predicted gap between healthcare workforce demand and supply globally. The aim of this article is to explore the ‘Nurse Chatbot' for chronic care on the benefits of increasing patient/client access to healthcare information and maximizing the potential of artificial intelligence/AI to bridge the ‘demand-supply gap' of human healthcare providers. Moreover,closing this gap through the establishment of a ‘Nurse Chatbot' will be innovative, favorably scalable and customizable within a decentralized health network, and potentially sustainable in the new digital economy. Following are the assumptions : 1) “caring” communicated textually is highly ‘transactive' in chronic disease selfmanagement support/CDSMS for goal agreements between agents and for overcoming the system noise in the form of cross-entropy, perplexity, and information wastage ; 2) ‘Nurse Chatbot' is the interlocutor in nursing care and the nursing agency by superpositioning and entanglement ; and 3) possible effects of chatbot-user transactions are information flows, management of health, and patient satisfaction. This article also looks into ‘Nurse Chatbot' development for CDSMS, simulation of its diffusion capacity egocentrically, technology acceptance model/TAM to inquire the engagement of users, and possible approaches to ethical and safety issues. J. Med. Invest. 66 : 24-30, February, 2019
著者
宮入 恭平
出版者
国立音楽大学
雑誌
研究紀要 = Kunitachi College of Music journal (ISSN:02885492)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.52, pp.163-172, 2018-03-31

興隆するライブ・エンタテインメント市場の一翼を担っているライブハウスは、ライブハウス概念の一側面といえるだろう 。その一方で、ライブハウスが広く認知されはじめたのは、ビジネス化にともなうシステム化が確立した1980年代半ばだった。そして、この時期のシステム化したライブハウスは、ライブハウス概念のもうひとつの側面としてとらえることができるだろう。本稿では、多様化する日本のライブハウスの現状を検討したうえで、ライブハウス概念の再考を試みる。まず、ライブハウスに関するデータを更新したうえで、ライブハウスを取り巻く現状を確認する。そして、物議をかもすことになったブログの記事から、既存のライブハウスに対する認識を読み解く作業を試みる。そのうえで、システム化したライブハウスの特徴でもあるノルマ制度に注目しながら、現状のライブハウスに対する認識について検討する。そこから、ライブハウス概念が明らかになる。

1 0 0 0 OA 雜録

著者
西村茂樹 [著]
出版者
西村茂樹
巻号頁・発行日
vol.[13], 1800