著者

清胡林翼撰

出版者

[出版者不明]

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[2], 1867

著者

石井 進 信藤 謙藏 田中 享一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

日本獸醫學雜誌(The Japanese Journal of Veterinary Science) (ISSN:00215295)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.5, pp.531-557, 1940

被引用文献数

7

著者

松崎 哲也 若菜 茂晴 江袋 進 伊藤 守 神谷 正男

出版者

公益社団法人 日本実験動物学会

雑誌

Experimental Animals

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.2, pp.161-166, 1992

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エゾヤチネズミ (<I>Clethrionomys rufocanus bedfordiae</I>) の実験動物化を目的として, 北海道当別町で捕獲された野生エゾヤチネズミを用いた実験室内繁殖の成績を報告する。エゾヤチネズミの繁殖成績について見ると, 2年間 (1987-1988) の成績では, 妊娠率は35.4%, 出産率94.6%, 離乳率は79.5%と比較的良好であった。産仔数は1-9匹と幅があり, 平均5.1±1.6匹であった。また, 妊娠期間は18-22日であり, 平均20.0士0.7日であった。以上の結果から, エゾヤチネズミの実験室内繁殖は, 既存の市販固形飼料の給与により回転輪を使用せずに可能であった。また, 今回系統化を進めるため, 実験室内繁殖に用いた野生エゾヤチネズミにおけるミトコンドリアDNAの変異を調べた結果, 切断パターンに4型が存在することが明らかとなった。

著者

ペッシュ ルドルフ

出版者

上智大学神学部神学ダイジェスト研究会

雑誌

神学ダイジェスト (ISSN:02864894)

巻号頁・発行日

no.48, pp.49-56, 1980-06-01

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[3], 1000

著者

山田 綾 天野 稔子 橋本 みさき 大岩 敦子

出版者

愛知教育大学家政教育講座

雑誌

研究紀要

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, pp.23-34, 2016-03-31

著者

高柳 俊一

出版者

上智大学キリスト教文化研究所

雑誌

キリスト教文化研究所紀要 (ISSN:02879158)

巻号頁・発行日

no.10, pp.65-67, 1991-09-05

著者

中里 弘穂

出版者

一般社団法人 経営情報学会

雑誌

経営情報学会 全国研究発表大会要旨集 2008年秋季全国研究発表大会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.29, 2008 (Released:2009-01-07)

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「地方都市に立地するソフト開発IT企業の競争優位性」 ソフトウエア開発を主体としたIT企業は、都市部、特に東京に集中して立地している。これは立地論から取引コストの節減として説明できる。しかしながら日本国内において、地方都市に本社を立地し、成長・発展しているソフト開発を主体としたIT企業が少ないながらも存在する。 本研究は、地方都市に本社を立地するソフト開発主体のIT企業(上場企業)に焦点を当て、「なぜ地方都市に立地しているのか」「地方都市の不利な条件をどのようにして有利なものに変換しているのかを」を考察する。その上でIT産業振興による地方都市の活性化の方向性を導くことをねらいとする。

著者

岩松 茂 樽田 嘉洋 井上 昭芳

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医師会

雑誌

日本獣医師会雑誌 (ISSN:04466454)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.3, pp.193-196, 1991

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長崎県下のKと畜場で関節炎型豚丹毒と診断された豚12頭 (A群), KおよびSと畜場で豚丹毒として摘発された豚と同居していた出荷前肥育豚46頭 (B群), および本病の発生歴摘発歴がない農家のKおよびSと畜場搬入豚188頭 (C群) について血清抗体価の測定ならびに豚舎内の豚丹毒菌による汚染状況の調査を実施した.<BR>A群の血清の生菌発育凝集 (GA) 価は256~2, 560倍以上であり, 2-ME処理血清のGA価 (IgG-GA価) は128~1, 280倍で, 両者とも極めて高い抗体価を示した.いっぽう, BおよびC群では, GA価は幾何平均 (GM) 値25.1倍および22.4倍, IgG-GA陽性率は39.1%および44.7%と両群間に差はみられず, また両群ともに各農家のIgG-GA陽性率は0%から100%の範囲でかなりの差異がみられた.しかしながら, C群ではIgG-GA価32倍以上と高い例が8例みられた.<BR>豚丹毒菌の分離を試みた48戸の豚舎内の糞便および敷料の混合物111例のうち, と畜場で慢性型豚丹毒と摘発された2戸 (4.2%) の3例 (2.7%) から豚丹毒菌が分離され, それらの血清型は2型, 5型および7型であった.

出版者

写

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[211] 第七十六 三 米穀之部,

著者

吉野 眞理子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本高次脳機能障害学会

雑誌

高次脳機能研究 (旧 失語症研究) (ISSN:13484818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.3, pp.324-329, 2013-09-30 (Released:2014-10-02)

参考文献数

9

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原発性進行性失語(以下,PPA)の失語像の多様性について,〝logopenic〟型PPA を中心に分類上の問題点を考察した。英語圏症例の示す臨床症状の検討をもとに確立されたPPA の分類基準を用いて,日本語話者PPA 文献例の分類を試みた。その結果,全87 例のうち,非流暢・失文法型に12 例,意味型に7 例,〝logopenic〟型に13 例が分類され,残り55 例はどの亜型にも分類できなかった。その要因として,言語症状の記載の欠如,検査時期の問題,3 亜型分類の解剖学的・病理学的基盤の問題が挙げられた。日本語話者におけるPPA 症候学の確立のために,少なくとも前2者の問題を解決する必要があると思われる。

著者

ネル クヌート・ヴォルフガング 小川 浩三

出版者

桐蔭横浜大学

雑誌

桐蔭法学 = Toin law review (ISSN:13413791)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.1, pp.87-113, 2004-07-25

著者

ネル クヌート・ヴォルフガング 小川 浩三

出版者

桐蔭横浜大学

雑誌

桐蔭法学 = Toin law review (ISSN:13413791)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.49-69, 2004-02-25

著者

右山 剛 杉村 敦彦 長 篤志 三池 秀敏

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌. C, 電子・情報・システム部門誌 = The transactions of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. C, A publication of Electronics, Information and System Society (ISSN:03854221)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.5, pp.956-962, 2009-05-01

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2

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Recently, digital cameras are offering technical advantages rapidly. However, the shot image is different from the sight image generated when that scenery is seen with the naked eye. There are blown-out highlights and crushed blacks in the image that photographed the scenery of wide dynamic range. The problems are hardly generated in the sight image. These are contributory cause of difference between the shot image and the sight image. Blown-out highlights and crushed blacks are caused by the difference of dynamic range between the image sensor installed in a digital camera such as CCD and CMOS and the human visual system. Dynamic range of the shot image is narrower than dynamic range of the sight image. In order to solve the problem, we propose an automatic method to decide an effective exposure range in superposition of edges. We integrate multi-step exposure images using the method. In addition, we try to erase pseudo-edges using the process to blend exposure values. Afterwards, we get a pseudo wide dynamic range image automatically.

出版者

写

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[50],

著者

谷内 達

出版者

東京大学教養学部人文地理学研究室

雑誌

東京大学教養学部人文科学科紀要 (ISSN:0563797X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.101, pp.p99-118, 1995

被引用文献数

1

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Retrospective estimates of urban population distribution in the Tokyo and Osaka (or Keihanshin, i.e. Kyoto-Osaka-Kobe) Metropolitan Areas have been made to reconstruct the historical processes of urbanization, dating back to 1960, 1935, 1908 and 1883. A method has been explored by the author to estimate micro-scale distribution of population by standard mesh comparable with the published mesh data, which have been available since 1970. Outline of the method to estimate distribution in 1960 is as follows: 1. Meshes both in 1960 and 1970 are delimited according to the borders of local government areas (LGAs) or equivalent small areas in 1960. 2. The meshes in 1960 within each LGA are classified into three categories, i.e. DID meshes, stable meshes and growing meshes, through comparisons of topographical maps and other various sources. DID meshes represent the DIDs (Densely Inhabited Districts, defined and published since 1960); stable meshes are mainly those of rural nature with minor changes, and population can be relatively easily estimated; and growing meshes are those with rapid population growth mainly caused by urbanization, and population in 1960 is estimated as the remainder by deducting populations of the other two categories from total population of the LGA. 3. Population in each category is allocated among the meshes according to the known distribution in 1970, assuming that relative distribution among the meshes within each category would not be so much different between the two dates. Population distribution for the earlier dates can be estimated in almost the same way, except the lack of DID data: this defect is partly compensated by smaller size of LGA with relatively clear distinction between urban and rural LGAs, and also partly by more precise estimates of growing meshes, mainly through comparisons of landscape features on the topographical maps with similar ones in 1960 or 1970, for which population data are already available. The results are summarized in Tables 1-3 and Figures 1-6. A mesh with population over 2,000 is operationally defined as urban, based on the comparison between the mesh data and the DID data in 1985. Major findings are as follows. 1. Urban population in the Osaka M.A. have failed to catch up with the Tokyo M.A. after 1935, although the former was almost comparable to the latter before 1935 (Tables 1 and 3). 2. One of the common features is that urban population and area (number of meshes) in both areas expanded around major centres (Tables 1-2 and Figures 1-3 and 6), showing concentric patterns with growing and expanding outer areas in contrast to declining inner areas from the earlier periods (Figures 4-5), partly reflecting the changing urban transport system from trains to suburban railways as well as motorization. 3. Urban areas in both areas have expanded more rapidly than urban population, resulting in declining average density after 1908 or 1935 (Table 2), as well as decreasing percentage in high density meshes over 16,000 (Table 2 and Figures 1-3). And also, meshes with rapid apparent inflow over 8,000 (including additional natural increase by migrants) have been giving way to those with slower apparent inflow (Table 3 and Figures 4-5). Although the spatial expansion with declining density may be interpreted to reflect improvement of living environment, we should not neglect that it has also affected the overall land use by taking over more farmlands and woodlands.

著者

瀧川龜太郎著

出版者

松雲堂

巻号頁・発行日

1936

著者

鈴木 綾子

出版者

The Japanese Society of Applied Glycoscience

雑誌

Journal of Applied Glycoscience (ISSN:13447882)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.1, pp.65-74, 1999-03-31 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1 2

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Starchy materials such as cereals, legumes, tubers, and rhizomes are served as foods through the appropriate processing of cooking, which causes the gelatinization of starch. The gelatinized starch is thermodynamically unstable and tends to retrograde during storage. The retrogradation generally decreases the quality of foods known as the staling of bread and the hardening of cooked rice. Therefore, how to control gelatinization and retrogradation is of prime concern of cereal chemists and technologists. I have been involved in this study for nearly 40 years. As early as 1961 we found that microwave heating was very efficient for the rapid cooking of rice, but the cooked rice rapidly hardened by the retrogradation of starch. This was improved by the addition of a small amount of Takaamylase in cooking. Root vegetables are well known for being unable to become soft through cooking even by continued heating after heating has been suspended for a while halfway through cooking. By a detailed analysis of the gelatinization of starch during cooking, this phenomenon was found to be caused by the enhancement of retrogradation of the partially gelatinized starch by cooling. Furthermore, it was found that the heat-stable materials, including various minerals, enhanced the retrogradation. The relationship between structures and functions was investigated on various kinds of starch such as nagaimo (yam), lotus, arrowhead, taro, bracken, and tapioca used in confectioneries. It was found that starches having a high tendency to retrograde had amylopectin with long chain-length and smaller amylose molecules. For example, tapioca starch showed the lowest retrogradation tendency, and this appeared to be due to the short chain length of amylopectin and large amylose molecules, besides thee low amylose content. The relatively higher retrogradation tendency of potato starch seemed to be due to the long chain length of amylopectin. A clear-cut relationship was found between the phosphate content and the pasting viscosity in potato starch that the higher level of phosphorus gave the higher-pasting viscosities. Kuzu amylopectin showed a relatively low retrogradation tendency because of the medium chain length of amylopectin, but kuzu amylose had a high retrograding tendency because of small molecules. Bracken amylopectin with a similar chain length showed a similar retrograding tendency to that of kuzu. Some taro starches showed similar structures and properties to tapioca starch, and they also had low levels of amylose. The starches found in vegetables used in cuisine on New Year's Day have low retrograding tendencies. Therefore they are suitable for use as preservable foods. Amylose molecules are slightly branched molecules on average, and the branches are mostly short chains, but the function of side chains has not been investigated. We attempted to clarify this function by means of a model experiment on molecules that had incorporated small amounts of maltosyl side chains into linear chains by the reverse action of isoamylase. The results clearly showed that these small amounts of maltose side chains affected a decrease in retrograding tendency.

著者

森下 修次 浅井 泰子

出版者

新潟大学教育人間科学部

雑誌

新潟大学教育人間科学部紀要 人文・社会科学編 (ISSN:13442953)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.43-47, 2007

著者

津上 英輔

出版者

美学会

雑誌

美学 (ISSN:05200962)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.59, no.1, pp.2-14, 2008

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Tourism is a travel for pleasure, especially for the pleasure of seeing. Baumgarten in his Aesthetica identified beauty as "perfection of sense perception, as such". This can be paraphrased as a state of our mind in which we look in order to look (or listen in order to listen), with pleasure and without having it hindered by anything external or taken over by intellectual cognition. Since tourism meets these conditions, it qualifies as the pursuit of beauty. Analysis of tourist activities in photographing, gastronomy and "consumption" shows that photography, tourism-oriented culinary establishments and admission fees mediate between the tourist and the object visited by making the latter appropriate for the former's aesthetic experience. Aesthetics of tourism is thus both possible and necessary as a bridge between aesthetics and tourism research. Contributions expected from this new field of research include applying Kant's argument of disinterestedness against the current tourism research's uncritical conception of tourists' "consumption" of tourist resources and enhancing, through historical researches on ideal beauty sought by tourists of each period, aesthetics' knowledge of the background against which past philosophers presented their theories of beauty and art.