著者
柴田 三千雄
出版者
青木書店
雑誌
歴史学研究 (ISSN:03869237)
巻号頁・発行日
no.137, pp.25-36, 1949-01
著者
柴田 三千雄
出版者
青木書店
雑誌
歴史学研究 (ISSN:03869237)
巻号頁・発行日
no.137, pp.25-36, 1949-01
著者
葛西 康徳
出版者
法制史学会
雑誌
法制史研究 (ISSN:04412508)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2000, no.50, pp.1-42,en3, 2001-04-20 (Released:2009-11-16)

This essay tries to demonstrate that there were two contrasting behaviour patterns manifest by parties faced with conflicts and disputes in ancient Greece. In one those concerned attempted to settle their differences by referring to their shared assumption of their situations and relationships involving surrounding third parties. I call this the type of sharing assumption. In the other pattern, they defied the claims of opposing party with their own contradicting interpretation of their relationships. I call it the type of defying assumption. In this latter type they often failed to reach a settlement.The method employed in this paper is to analyze the dispute scenario with particular reference to a Greek word, peitho, which is the central notion in Greek rhetoric (e.g., Plato's Gorgias), and especially the differences in implication between the middle voice peithomaj, and the active peitho.My analysis starts with the quarrel between Agamemnon and Achilleus which extends all through the Iliad. In Book 1 all the instances but one (1, 132) are in the middle voice and illustrate the assumption shared by the two parties and surrounding Achaians of their relationships in terms of the distribution of spoils. By contrast, the instances of the active peitho in Books 1 and 9 well illustrate the situation in which one party defies the assumptions of the other. Thus, I argue that their behaviour patterns provide illustrations for the two types of Greek attitude towards dispute resolution.Further references can be drawn from other scenes in Greek literature which contains countless examples of disputes and conflicts. From them I only take a few illuminating examples. I suggest that the famous carpet scene in Aeschylus' Agamemnon offers us a subtle example of the first type in a sharp contrast to the scene in the Odyssey Book 23 where Odysseus and Penelope confront each other. By contrast, the scene of Melian Dialogue in Thucydides Book 5 provides an illustration of the situation in which each party is determined to destroy the other's claim.Recent studies on Greek law have stressed context, discourse and structure for settling disputes rather than focussing on (written and unwritten) law. Indeed, it is said that Greek rhetoric contributes to magnifying the 'otherness' of Greek law. As a result I suggest that it is necessary to look at the structural patterns in which ancient Greeks dealt with conflicts and disputes. I hope that this essay will make a contribution to the understanding of Greek law and rhetoric in a much wider context.
著者
安藤まや 関根 聡 石崎 俊
出版者
一般社団法人情報処理学会
雑誌
情報処理学会研究報告情報学基礎(FI) (ISSN:09196072)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2003, no.98, pp.77-82, 2003-09-29
参考文献数
6
被引用文献数
7

高度な自然言語処理を行なう際には、構文情報のみならずさまざまな語と語の関連情報が重要となってくる。我々は「トマトなどの野菜」といった定型表現を用いて、新聞記事から、名詞の下位概念を自動的に抽出する手法を提案する。7種の定型表現を作成し、6年分の新聞記事をコーパスとして下位概念を抽出した。その結果、ほぼ6割以上の正解率で下位概念が得られた。また、抽出した下位概念と、人間が連想した下位概念との比較をおこない、2人以上の被験者が連想した下位概念のうち、平均85%の下位概念をコーパスから自動抽出することができた。Not only syntactic information but also semantic relationships between words are important in advanced natural language processing. We describe a method to automatically extract hyponyms from newspaper. First, we discover patterns which can extract hyponyms of a noun, such as "A nado-no B (B such as A)", then we apply the patterns to the newspaper corpus to extract instances. The precision is 60-90 percent depending on the patterns. We compare the extracted hyponyms and those associated by human. 85 percent of the words associated by more than 1 person are extracted automatically.
著者
Hitoshi HATAI Mitsuru IBA Daisuke KOJIMA Chun-Ho PARK Yasuhiko TSUCHIDA Toshifumi OYAMADA
出版者
公益社団法人 日本獣医学会
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.12-0446, (Released:2012-12-10)
被引用文献数
1 6

A 13-year-old castrated male Labrador retriever dog presented with a mass caudal to the first molar of his left mandible. Although the tumor was excised, a recurrent tumor was detected one month later and resected. Both tumors displayed invasive growth and were composed of neoplastic proliferation arranged in irregular lobules, nests and cords continuous with mucosal epithelium. The most prominent feature of the tumors was the presence of many proliferating spindle cells admixed with palisading basal-like cells, acanthocytes and stellate cells. In immunohistochemical examinations, the spindle cells were found to be positive for vimentin; cytokeratin AE1/AE3, 5/6, 14 and 19; and p63. The other neoplastic cells were positive for all of these markers shown above except vimentin. Based on these findings, the tumors were diagnosed as spindle cell ameloblastic carcinoma.
著者
フーゴー ファスル 桑野 園子 難波 精一郎
出版者
一般社団法人日本音響学会
雑誌
Journal of the Acoustical Society of Japan (E) (ISSN:03882861)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.17, no.3, pp.139-148, 1996-05
参考文献数
28
被引用文献数
7

When the subjective impressions of traffic noises with the same values of L_&ltAeq&gt are compared, it is often found that rail noise is judged to be less annoying than road traffic noise or aircraft noise. The present experiments were designed to examine the so-called "railway bonus" in laboratory situations. 15 minute noises which contained several events of road traffic noise and/or rail noise were used and their instantaneous loudness as well as overall loudness were judged by German and Japanese subjects. It was confirmed from the results that there may exist a railway bonus in the judgments of loudness also in laboratory situations. That is, the rail noise was judged to be softer than road traffic noise by the both groups of subjects even if the L_&ltAeq&gt Values were the same. Possible reasons for the existence of the railway bonus may be the difference in frequency components, frequency of events, subjective meanings, etc. between both sound sources. Further systematical and detailed experiments are needed in order to determine the magnitude of the railway bonus as well as its underlying mechanism.
著者
泉 知論 山内 寛紀
出版者
一般社団法人 電子情報通信学会
雑誌
電子情報通信学会 基礎・境界ソサイエティ Fundamentals Review (ISSN:18820875)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, no.3, pp.3_45-3_52, 2009-01-01 (Released:2011-05-01)
参考文献数
19

工学の技術を医療診断と治療に生かす方向の一つとして、超小形ロボットを使って、生体情報をモニタリングしたり、体内病巣を治療したりする、いわゆる低侵襲医療が活発化してきている。これは、人形ロボットと同様、工学の幅広い分野に関連している。五感の役割をする各種マイクロセンサ技術、センサ情報の信号処理技術、自立移動を実現するドライブ技術、超小形バッテリや燃料発電及び生体発電などのエネルギー技術、生体表面に優しい材料技術、ユビキタス無線通信技術、そして、これらを実装するLSI技術やフィルム基板実装技術などである。ここでは、実用化の先陣を切っているカプセル内視鏡と生体センサの動向を紹介する。また、これらマイクロロボットや生体センサの頭脳として開発した、私たちの体内コンピュータLSIを一例として紹介し、その応用例と発展の展望を述べる。
著者
姜 瑩基 若山 浩司 Kee Kang Hyung Hiroshi WAKAYAMA 四国大学経営情報研究所 Institute of Management and Information Science of Shikoku University
出版者
四国大学経営情報研究所
雑誌
四国大学経営情報研究所年報 (ISSN:13417436)
巻号頁・発行日
no.8, pp.85-98, 2002-12

Recently, the motion which is going to build the electronic government in many countries including Asia and Western Europe is developing actively. Thus, many countries are searching for ways to support efficient management of firms and enhance their competitiveness. Electronic government is a new paradigm of administrative system to properly deal with environmental changes surrounding governments. Therefore, it is the essential model of government in the future, one in which administrative operation is redesigned and administrative services are enhanced by means of information infrastructure technologies, improving the quality of life of the public and further realizing democracy.
著者
樋口 収 道家 瑠見子 尾崎 由佳 村田 光二
出版者
The Japanese Group Dynamics Association
雑誌
実験社会心理学研究 (ISSN:03877973)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.50, no.2, pp.148-157, 2011
被引用文献数
1

他者との良好な関係を維持したいという欲求は,根源的なものであるとされる。先行研究では,そのような動機から,被害者は時間の経過とともに加害者を許すことが示されている(Wohl & McGrath, 2007)。このことから,本研究は重要他者との葛藤を思い出したとき,被害者は加害者よりも当該出来事を遠くに感じる可能性について検討した。実験1では,参加者に重要他者との間に起きた過去の葛藤を被害者あるいは加害者の立場から想起させ,当該出来事をどの程度遠くに感じるかに回答させた。その結果,被害者は加害者よりも当該出来事を遠くに感じていた。実験2では,参加者に重要他者あるいは非重要他者との間に起きた葛藤を被害者あるいは加害者の立場から想起させ,当該出来事をどの程度遠くに感じるかに回答させた。その結果,重要他者との葛藤を思い出した場合には被害者の方が加害者よりも出来事を遠くに感じていたが,非重要他者との葛藤を思い出した場合には被害者と加害者の間で有意な差はみられなかった。これらの結果は,仮説と一貫しており,他者との良好な関係を維持したいという欲求が自伝的記憶の再構成に及ぼす影響を議論した。<br>
著者
田中 典男
出版者
社団法人日本化学会
雑誌
化学と教育 (ISSN:03862151)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.37, no.3, pp.330-331, 1989-06-20
著者
真下 英二
出版者
日本法政学会
雑誌
法政論叢 (ISSN:03865266)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.39, no.2, pp.98-113, 2003

In recent years, as information technologies develop, the movement toward constructing the electronic government (e-government) is becoming active. By e-governments, we can increase efficiency of administration and observe the action of administration more easily. And as the result, it is said that administrative action of local autonomies will be more active and democratic. The Japanese government announced "The E-japan Strategy" and "The E-japan Strategy 2002". They aimed to realize almost all administrative procedure can be followed on-line by 2003, not only about the central government, but also all of the local autonomies. Certainly, e-government may have many useful fields, but many problems also exist. Particularly, according to the investigation by Ministry of Public Management, Home Affairs, Posts and Telecommunications, most local government is not so eager for constructing e-government. It is because of the talented people, or capacity of local autonomies. So, it can be said hasty to construct e-government without taking some measures to reinforce capacity of local autonomies, such as consolidation of municipalities.
著者
竹田 夏木 清川 清 竹村 治雄
出版者
一般社団法人 映像情報メディア学会
雑誌
映像情報メディア学会誌 : 映像情報メディア = The journal of the Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers (ISSN:13426907)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.63, no.6, pp.794-800, 2009-06-01
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
5

In a virtual reality (VR) environment, a wide field-of-view (FOV) image contributes to improve the immersive experience and situation awareness. The typical FOV of a head mounted display (HMD) is around 20 to 40 degrees, and widening this has been a technological challenge for decades. We designed a new HMD that has a hyperbolic half-silvered mirror. This HMD can resolve the technological challenges and provide a wide FOV, large observational pupil, and optical see-through display. We made a prototype HMD and a VR walkthrough system that displays a pair of stereo images with a FOV of over 120 degrees. This paper reports our HMD ' s basic concept and the implementation of the prototype.