著者
島津 明
出版者
一般社団法人 電子情報通信学会
雑誌
電子情報通信学会 基礎・境界ソサイエティ Fundamentals Review (ISSN:18820875)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.5, no.4, pp.320-328, 2012-04-01 (Released:2012-04-01)
参考文献数
24
被引用文献数
4

我々の社会は非常に多数の相互に関連した法令により規定されている.社会というシステムを考えたとき,法令がこのシステムの仕様書の役割を果たしていることを意味するが,法令の持つシステム的側面は従来十分な研究対象になっていない.今後本格化する電子社会においては,法令は一層重要な役割を持ち,安心な社会の実現には,法令の持つシステム的側面を捉える方法論が期待される.「法令工学」は,法令に情報科学的手法,ソフトウェア工学的手法を適用し,完全で矛盾のない法令の制定,法令が規定する社会基盤情報システムの開発などを計算機で支援するための方法論を研究する.本稿は,法令工学の目的やアプローチを紹介し,法令設計の支援,法令の文書化,法令の論理的検証,法令構造指向アーキテクチャなどの課題について示し,課題の解決に重要な役割を担う技術の一つとして,法令文書の言語解析について紹介する.
著者
Eiko Kawakami Tomohisa Uchida Naoki Iwamoto Kazusato Hara Kazuhiro Egashira Atsushi Kawakami
出版者
The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
雑誌
Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.1621-23, (Released:2023-05-17)
参考文献数
17

We herein report a case of melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) antibody-positive dermatomyositis that developed in a patient with refractory gingivitis. The diagnosis of anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis was made based on a characteristic skin rash, weakness of proximal muscles, interstitial pneumonia, and positivity for anti-MDA5 antibody. The patient was started on triple therapy with high-dose prednisolone, tacrolimus, and intravenous cyclophosphamide. After treatment, the refractory gingivitis disappeared, and the other skin rash and interstitial lung disease also improved. In the diagnosis and treatment of anti-MDA5 antibody-positive dermatomyositis, it is necessary to pay attention to the intraoral findings, including the gingiva.
著者
Yuuya Nagai Toshihiko Hinobayashi Tadahiro Kanazawa
出版者
THE JAPANESE ASSOCIATION OF SPECIAL EDUCATION
雑誌
Journal of Special Education Research (ISSN:21875014)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.10, no.2, pp.69-81, 2022-02-28 (Released:2022-08-31)
参考文献数
38

The Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) is a common training choice for non-verbal children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Thus, this study investigated whether Phases 1–3 of the PECS (which are relatively easy for children to master) promote the development of early social-communication behaviors among children with ASD. We assigned 43 children (mean chronological age=45.85 months) from the same child development support center into two groups: a PECS training group and a non-intervention (control) group. The training group received PECS (Phases 1–3) training once a week for 24 weeks at the university associated with the authors. Their early social-communication behaviors were evaluated by using behavioral observations and eye-tracking experiments during the pre- and post-training phases. Results showed that most of the early social-communication behaviors in the PECS training group were observed more frequently during the post-phase than the pre-phase, while the control group did not show any differences between the phases. These findings suggest that PECS training (Phases 1–3) can facilitate early social-communication behaviors in children with ASD.
著者
山崎 天 坂田 亘 川本 稔己 小林 滉河 Nguyen Tung 上村 卓史 中町 礼文 李 聖哲 佐藤 敏紀
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会研究会資料 言語・音声理解と対話処理研究会 93回 (2021/11) (ISSN:09185682)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.113-118, 2021 (Released:2021-11-20)

本稿では、対話システムライブコンペティション4のオープントラックに提出した対話システムについて述べる。本システムはTransformerをベースとした言語モデルの「HyperCLOVA」を用い、ユーザの発話に応じて選択するFew-Shotプロンプトを利用して応答候補の生成を行う。プロンプトは4種類あり、一般的な応答生成、知識応答生成、ペルソナ一貫性を考慮した応答生成、短文抑制のための応答生成を目的としたものをそれぞれ用意し、組み合わせて利用する。後に、不適切な発話を除去するフィルタリングを行うことで、最終的な出力を得るシステムとなっている。予選の結果では1位を獲得し、大規模言語モデルが雑談応答生成に有効であることを示したが、攻撃的な応答生成をはじめとしたいくつかの課題が顕在化した。本稿では、大規模言語モデルを用いた雑談応用における現存の課題や今後の方向性を議論する。
著者
西村 直也 坪田 未希 奥 知久 森田 拓真 白澤 進一 小川 貴久
出版者
日本外科代謝栄養学会
雑誌
外科と代謝・栄養 (ISSN:03895564)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.2, pp.73-78, 2023-04-15 (Released:2023-05-15)
参考文献数
19

【目的】大腿骨近位部骨折術後において, 炎症の高低によって入院中の体重変化に関わる栄養要因が異なるかどうかを明らかにする.  【対象および方法】当院にて大腿骨近位部骨折に対し手術を施行した60歳以上の223名を対象とした. 術後7±2日目のCRP値をカットオフとして, 高炎症群 (CRP≧3mg/dL), 低炎症群 (CRP<3mg/dL) の2群にわけ, 多変量回帰分析により, 術後1週間の三大栄養素摂取量それぞれの総エネルギー比と術後1カ月後の体重変化との関連性を検討した.  【結果】平均年齢は85.1歳 (女性165名),低炎症群は148名, 高炎症群は75名にわけられた. 体重減少に関連する有意な要因として, 高炎症群では, 炭水化物と脂質摂取量が少ないこと, 低炎症群では, エネルギー充足率が低いことが認められた.  【結論】大腿骨近位部骨折の患者にとって, 炎症が高値である場合は炭水化物または脂質, 炎症が低値の場合は, エネルギー充足率が体重減少に影響していることが示唆された.
著者
吉良 いずみ
出版者
日本看護技術学会
雑誌
日本看護技術学会誌 (ISSN:13495429)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.12, no.2, pp.33-42, 2013-08-20 (Released:2016-07-08)
参考文献数
31

本研究の目的は,1日の水分摂取量と排便状態との関連と,水分摂取による排便状態への効果に関する文献レビューを行い,便秘ケアとしての水分摂取のエビデンスを明らかにすることである.文献検索はPubMed, CINAHL,医学中央雑誌web版を使用しconstipation, fluid intake, water intakeをキーワードとした.その結果得られた,成人を対象とした水分摂取量と便秘症状に関連する実態調査7件と,介入評価研究7件についてCooperの統合的文献レビューの方法を参考に分析した. 結果,1日の水分摂取量が500mL以下の場合は排便量を減少させ,便秘症状につながることが示唆された.一方,便秘症状を有する対象に水分摂取を促すことは,対象が脱水傾向にある場合は便秘症状の改善に有効だが,脱水傾向がない場合は水分摂取量の増加による排便状態への効果を裏付ける有効なエビデンスはなかった.
著者
伊藤 孝士 阿部 彩子
出版者
Tokyo Geographical Society
雑誌
地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.116, no.6, pp.768-782, 2007-12-25 (Released:2009-11-12)
参考文献数
40
被引用文献数
1

The climate in the Quaternary is characterized by ice age cycles with periods in the range of tens of thousands to a hundred thousand years, triggered by long-term insolation variations due to the Earth's orbital and precessional motions. Although we can accurately calculate long-term insolation variations at the top of the Earth's atmosphere, we need to know the physical and dynamical processes occurring in the complicated climate system of the Earth in order to understand the true nature and origin of the ice age cycles. In this manuscript, first we briefly review how the gravitational interaction between planets causes insolation variations. Then, we summarize the recent status of large-scale numerical experiments as to how the ice age cycles take place in the climate system of the Earth, with a particular focus on dynamical modeling of ice sheets.
著者
Hiroshi Imamura
出版者
The Biophysical Society of Japan
雑誌
Biophysics and Physicobiology (ISSN:21894779)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.e200021, (Released:2023-05-10)
被引用文献数
1

Small-angle scattering (SAS) is a powerful tool for the detailed structural analysis of objects at the nanometer scale. In contrast to techniques such as electron microscopy, SAS data are presented as reciprocal space information, which hinders the intuitive interpretation of SAS data. This study presents a workflow: (1) creating objects, (2) 3D scanning, (3) the representation of the object as point clouds on a laptop, (4) computation of a distance distribution function, and (5) computation of SAS, executed via the computer program Phone2SAS. This enables us to realize SAS and perform the interactive modeling of SAS of the object of interest. Because 3D scanning is easily accessible through smartphones, this workflow driven by Phone2SAS contributes to the widespread use of SAS. The application of Phone2SAS for the structural assignment of SAS to Y-shaped antibodies is reported in this study.
著者
Megumi YOSHIDA Keijiro MIZUKAMI Masaharu HISASUE Ichiro IMANISHI Keigo KURATA Masaki OCHIAI Masato ITOH Tadahiro NASUKAWA Jumpei UCHIYAMA Hajime TSUJIMOTO Masahiro SAKAGUCHI
出版者
JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.83, no.8, pp.1202-1205, 2021 (Released:2021-08-06)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
4

Severe adverse reactions after rabies vaccination in dogs were examined from 317 cases reported to the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MAFF) in Japan during 15-year period from April 2004 to March 2019. We found that 109 of the 317 dogs showed anaphylaxis (0.15/100,000 vaccinated dogs), and 71 of the 109 cases of anaphylaxis resulted in death (0.10/100,000 vaccinated dogs). We measured bovine serum albumin (BSA) in four commercially available rabies vaccines and found the levels ranged from 0.1 to 16.6 µg/dose. Our survey showed that the rate of anaphylaxis to rabies vaccines in dogs is rare, although some cases of anaphylaxis resulted in death. Veterinarians should be well prepared to deal with vaccine-associated anaphylaxis.
著者
南田 勝也
出版者
The Japanese Association for the Study of Popular Music
雑誌
ポピュラー音楽研究 (ISSN:13439251)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, pp.35-50, 1998-11-30 (Released:2009-10-29)
参考文献数
18

This paper gives analysis on the value systems that form the characteristics of the rock music culture, in reference to the theories of Simon Frith and Pierre Bourdieu. In this examination of somecharacters in the society and the music culture, especially in the counter-culture scene, which is the early years of rock music mainly themiddle and late 1960's, three distinctive indicators are identified integrating varied aesthetic consciousness and values around the rock music. That is, the ‘outside’ indicator represents intention of downward orientation within the framework of social hierarchy, the ‘art’ indicator represents the challenging intention towards the pure arts, and the ‘entertainment’ indicator is also defined as acquiringpo pularity.
著者
益田 晴恵
出版者
公益社団法人 東京地学協会
雑誌
地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.131, no.6, pp.573-584, 2022-12-25 (Released:2023-01-12)
参考文献数
58
被引用文献数
2

The history of hot spring studies and research in Japan is reviewed mainly from the viewpoint of Earth science. Studies on the geochemistry of hot spring waters started with geochemical analyses of hot spring water in the 1830s. The relationships between the issuing mechanisms of hot springs and volcanism, active faults, and earthquakes have been studied since around 1910. These studies reveal sources and recycling paths of waters and dissolved materials in the Earth's crust and the upper mantle in relation to plate tectonics and subsequent volcanism. Microbiological studies on living organisms, such as algae, bacteria, and archaea, living in hot springs, began in the late 1880s, and have contributed to documenting the origins and evolution of life. Combined with mineralogical studies, minor and trace element analyses of hot spring water have contributed to an understanding of the formation mechanisms of ore deposits. Studies on hot spring waters triggered an understanding of the essential role of water in the Earth and its evolution.
著者
Shohei KATSUYA Yoshikazu KAWATA Tsuyoshi GOTO Jun TSUBOTA
出版者
Center for Academic Publications Japan
雑誌
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.69, no.2, pp.121-128, 2023-04-30 (Released:2023-04-30)
参考文献数
38
被引用文献数
1

Currently, there is considerable interest in ketone metabolism owing to the benefits for human health. Conventionally, strict dietary restrictions on carbohydrates are required to increase plasma ketone levels, while supplementation with D-β-hydroxybutyric acid (D-BHB) can easily increase plasma ketone levels. We hypothesized that a daily intake of D-BHB could promote weight loss, especially through fat reduction. Herein, D-BHB (OKETOATM) was produced via a proprietary fermentation process from sugar. In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, we assessed the safety and fat-reduction effects after 12 wk of daily ingestion of D-BHB (2.9 g) in 22 healthy Japanese adults and 22 control participants. Blood samples were collected pre- and post-treatment. Blood chemistry, anthropometric variables, and the body composition of the participants were investigated. Data analysis revealed that visceral fat at 12 wk significantly decreased by 9.0 cm2 (p=0.037), as evidenced by analysis of covariance. Blood parameters and body condition showed no significant differences between the two groups, and the participants reported no adverse effects or discomfort. Furthermore, data were analyzed by regrouping the participants. After removing one suspicious diabetes participant, all others showed significant decreases in visceral fat, body weight, BMI, and fat weight. Additionally, those aged under 50 y old had significantly decreased abdominal circumference and body fat percentage, in addition to visceral fat, body weight, BMI, and fat weight. Overall, our findings indicate that daily D-BHB intake may reduce body fat without dieting or exercise intervention. This study was registered with the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry as UMIN000045322.