著者

内田 達郎 鈴木 哲也 織田 展輔

出版者

岩手医科大学歯学会

雑誌

岩手医科大学歯学雑誌 (ISSN:03851311)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.105-111, 2007-08-16 (Released:2017-03-20)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

2

著者

小野 洋平

出版者

北海道大学文学研究科北方研究教育センター

雑誌

北方人文研究 (ISSN:1882773X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.25-41, 2015-03-31

著者

八木 君人

出版者

日本ロシア文学会

雑誌

ロシア語ロシア文学研究 (ISSN:03873277)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, pp.17-26, 2011 (Released:2019-05-07)

著者

胡 思已 坂本 龍一 近藤 正章 中村 宏 新 善文

雑誌

研究報告システムソフトウェアとオペレーティング・システム(OS) (ISSN:21888795)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2018-OS-144, no.5, pp.1-7, 2018-07-23

---

Linux 系 の OS は積極的に開発されており,デバイスドライバの実装スピードも早く,最新のデバイスを安定動作させることが可能であることから,様々な機器に搭載される OS として広く用いられている.一方で,NetBSD は安全で高い移植性を備えた OS であり,アプリケーションやプロトコルスタックの実装にも頑健性があるなど優れた点も多い反面,Linux に比べて最新のデイバスをサポートしていないなどの課題もある.そのため,最新のデバイスにおいて NetBSD がサポートする頑健なプロトコルスタックを用いることは容易ではない.そこで,NetBSD のカーネルをユーザレベルのプロセスとして実装し,NetBSD のプロトコルスタックやアプリケーションを Linux から利用するための Rump kernel が開発されている.これまで,Rump kernel 利用時の通信性能については十分に評価がされておらず,また通信性能の改善に関しても十分に検討されてこなかった.そのため,本稿ではまず,Rump kernel 利用時の通信性能を評価した.その結果,ネイティブな Linux の通信性能に比べて非常に低い性能しか得られないことがわかった.そこで,Rump kernel 利用時の通信性能の向上手法を検討し,実装を行った.初期実装版で評価を行ったところ,Rump kernel を利用したデータ送信では,95.9% 程度の性能向上が得られることがわかった.

著者

Patwira Boonjing Yukari Masuta Kosuke Nozawa Atsushi Kato Hidetaka Ito

出版者

The Genetics Society of Japan

雑誌

Genes & Genetic Systems (ISSN:13417568)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.19-00046, (Released:2020-08-03)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

10

---

The Ty1/copia-like retrotransposon ONSEN is conserved among Brassica species, as well as in beans, including adzuki bean (Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi), which is one of the economically important crops in Japan. ONSEN has acquired a heat-responsive element that is recognized by plant heat stress defense factors, resulting in its transcription and the production of full-length extrachromosomal DNA under conditions with elevated temperatures. DNA methylation plays an important role in regulating the activation of this transposon in plants. Therefore, chemical inhibition of DNA methyltransferases has been utilized to study the effect of DNA methylation on transposon activation. To understand the effect of DNA methylation on ONSEN activation, Arabidopsis thaliana and adzuki bean seedlings were treated with zebularine, which is known to be an effective chemical demethylation agent. The results showed that ONSEN transcription levels were upregulated in zebularine-treated plants. Extrachromosomal DNA of ONSEN also accumulated in the treated plants.

著者

藤本 知臣

出版者

新潟医療福祉学会

雑誌

新潟医療福祉学会誌 (ISSN:13468774)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.2, pp.2-8, 2023 (Released:2023-12-25)

参考文献数

47

---

近年、マラソンやオープンウォータースイミング、登山や水中レジャー活動といった自然の中で行われるスポーツ・アクティビティの競技人口が増加している。これらのスポーツやレジャー活動が低気温下や冷水下といった寒冷環境下で行われる場合には、体温の低下を防ぐために皮膚血管収縮やふるえ熱産生といった体温調節反応が生じる。さらに、運動中には体温調節反応だけでなく、運動に伴い活動筋における熱産生が生じることから、体温の低下が起こりにくいと考えられる。しかしながら、実際に寒冷環境下でのレジャー活動や運動時には体温が過度に低下する「低体温症」が発症する場合がある。体温調節反応に加えて運動に伴う熱産生が起こるにもかかわらず低体温症が生じることから、運動時に発症する低体温症には通常の熱収支とは異なる「運動時特有の要因」があると考えられ、現在までいくつかの研究において検討されている。本稿では、ヒトが寒冷環境下でのスポーツ・アクティビティを安全に行い、ハイパフォーマンスを発揮するための一助になることを目指し、寒冷環境下で生じる体温調節反応や運動がそれらに及ぼす影響について概説し、運動時にも関わらず生じる低体温症の発症メカニズムやその予防法を考える。

著者

近藤 将成

出版者

日本ソフトウェア科学会

雑誌

コンピュータ ソフトウェア (ISSN:02896540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.4, pp.4_94-4_95, 2023-10-25 (Released:2023-12-25)

著者

Masafumi Kanai Masatoshi Minamisawa Hirohiko Motoki Yuta Seko Kazuhiro Kimura Takahiro Okano Yasushi Ueki Koji Yoshie Tamon Kato Tatsuya Saigusa Soichiro Ebisawa Ayako Okada Neiko Ozasa Takao Kato Koichiro Kuwahara

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-22-0712, (Released:2023-08-04)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

3

---

Background: Hyperpolypharmacy is associated with adverse outcomes in older adults, but because literature on its association with cardiovascular (CV) outcomes after acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is sparse, we investigated the relationships among hyperpolypharmacy, medication class, and death in patients with HF.Methods and Results: We evaluated the total number of medications prescribed to 884 patients at discharge following ADHF. Patients were categorized into nonpolypharmacy (<5 medications), polypharmacy (5–9 medications), and hyperpolypharmacy (≥10 medications) groups. We examined the relationship of polypharmacy status with the 2-year mortality rate. The proportion of patients taking ≥5 medications was 91.3% (polypharmacy, 55.3%; hyperpolypharmacy, 36.0%). Patients in the hyperpolypharmacy group showed worse outcomes than patients in the other 2 groups (P=0.002). After multivariable adjustment, the total number of medications was significantly associated with an increased risk of death (hazard ratio [HR] per additional increase in the number of medications, 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–1.10; P=0.027). Although the number of non-CV medications was significantly associated with death (HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.02–1.13; P=0.01), the number of CV medications was not (HR, 1.01; 95% CI, 0.92–1.10; P=0.95).Conclusions: Hyperpolypharmacy due to non-CV medications was associated with an elevated risk of death in patients after ADHF, suggesting the importance of a regular review of the prescribed drugs including non-CV medications.

著者

Keisuke Machida Masatoshi Minamisawa Hirohiko Motoki Kanako Teramoto Yukari Okuma Masafumi Kanai Kazuhiro Kimura Takahiro Okano Yasushi Ueki Koji Yoshie Tamon Kato Tatsuya Saigusa Soichiro Ebisawa Ayako Okada Koichiro Kuwahara

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-23-0129, (Released:2023-07-12)

参考文献数

29

---

Background: Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) has a poor prognosis and common comorbidities may be contributory. However, evidence for the association between dementia and clinical outcomes in patients with is sparse and it requires further investigation into risk reduction.Methods and Results: We assessed the clinical profiles and outcomes of 1,026 patients (mean age 77.8 years, 43.2% female) with ADHF enrolled in the CURE-HF registry to evaluate the relationship between investigator-reported dementia status and clinical outcomes (all-cause death, cardiovascular (CV) death, non-CV death, and HF hospitalization) over a median follow-up of 2.7 years. In total, dementia was present in 118 (11.5%) patients, who experienced more drug interruptions and HF admissions due to infection than those without dementia (23.8% vs. 13.1%, P<0.01; 11.0% vs. 6.0%, P<0.01, respectively). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that dementia patients had higher mortality rates than those without dementia (log-rank P<0.001). After multivariable adjustment for demographics and comorbidities, dementia was significantly associated with an increased risk of death (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.43; 95% confidence interval, 1.06–1.93, P=0.02) and non-CV death (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.65; 95% confidence interval, 1.04–2.62, P=0.03), but no significant associations between dementia and CV death or HF hospitalization were observed (both, P>0.1).Conclusions: In ADHF patients dementia was associated with aggravating factors for HF admission and elevated risk of death, primarily non-CV death.

著者

Yoichiro Otaki Tetsu Watanabe Ryuhei Yamaguchi Shingo Tachibana Junya Sato Shigehiko Kato Harutoshi Tamura Satoshi Nishiyama Takanori Arimoto Hiroki Takahashi Masafumi Watanabe

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-23-0562, (Released:2023-11-17)

参考文献数

42

---

Background: Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is an increasing health problem associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Several reports have shown an association between hypokalemia and clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF). However, the association of hypokalemia with kidney function and clinical outcomes in patients with HFpEF remains unclear.Methods and Results: We measured serum potassium levels and kidney function in 454 patients with HFpEF (mean age 76 years; 55% men) at admission. Hypokalemia (K+<3.5 mmol/L) and hyperkalemia (K+>5.0 mmol/L) were identified in 58 (12.7%) and 11 (2.4%) patients, respectively. Patients with hypokalemia showed renal tubular damage (RTD), defined as a urinary β2-microglobulin to creatinine ratio ≥300 μg/gCr, preserved estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and plasma volume expansion. Multivariate logistic analysis demonstrated that RTD, preserved eGFR, and plasma volume expansion were significantly associated with hypokalemia. During the median follow-up period of 1,000 days, 82 HF-related events occurred. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that patients with hypokalemia had a higher rate of HF-related events than those without hypokalemia. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis demonstrated that hypokalemia was significantly associated with HF-related events after adjusting for confounding factors.Conclusions: Hypokalemia is affected by kidney function, notably RTD, in patients with HFpEF. Hypokalemia is a risk factor for HF-related events in patients with HFpEF.

著者

Keitaro Shinada Takashi Kohno Keiichi Fukuda Michiaki Higashitani Naoto Kawamatsu Takeshi Kitai Tatsuhiro Shibata Makoto Takei Kotaro Nochioka Gaku Nakazawa Hiroki Shiomi Mitsunori Miyashita Atsushi Mizuno

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-23-0507, (Released:2023-11-22)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1

---

Background: Enhanced discussions regarding end-of-life (EOL) are crucial to provide appropriate care for seriously ill patients. However, the current status of EOL discussions, especially their timing and influencing factors, among patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remains unknown.Methods and Results: We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of bereaved family members of CVD patients who died at 10 tertiary care institutes in Japan. In all, 286 bereaved family members (38.2% male; median age 66.0 [interquartile range 58.0–73.0] years) of CVD patients were enrolled; of these, 200 (69.9%) reported that their families had had EOL discussions with physicians. The major topic discussed was resuscitation (79.0%), and 21.5% discussed the place of EOL care. Most discussions were held during hospitalization of the patient (88.2%). More than half (57.1%) the discussions were initiated less than 1 month before the patient died, and 22.6% of family members felt that this timing of EOL discussions was late. Bereaved family members’ perception of late EOL discussions was associated with the family members aggressive attitude towards life-prolonging treatment, less preparedness for bereavement, and less satisfaction with EOL care.Conclusions: Approximately 70% of bereaved family members of CVD patients had EOL discussions, which were often held shortly before the patient died. Further research is required to establish an ideal approach to EOL discussions at an appropriate time, which may improve the quality of EOL care.

著者

Masataka Sato Satoshi Kodera Naoto Setoguchi Kengo Tanabe Shunichi Kushida Junji Kanda Mike Saji Mamoru Nanasato Hisataka Maki Hideo Fujita Nahoko Kato Hiroyuki Watanabe Minami Suzuki Masao Takahashi Naoko Sawada Masao Yamasaki Shinnosuke Sawano Susumu Katsushika Hiroki Shinohara Norifumi Takeda Katsuhito Fujiu Masao Daimon Hiroshi Akazawa Hiroyuki Morita Issei Komuro

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-23-0216, (Released:2023-11-14)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

2

---

Background: Left heart abnormalities are risk factors for heart failure. However, echocardiography is not always available. Electrocardiograms (ECGs), which are now available from wearable devices, have the potential to detect these abnormalities. Nevertheless, whether a model can detect left heart abnormalities from single Lead I ECG data remains unclear.Methods and Results: We developed Lead I ECG models to detect low ejection fraction (EF), wall motion abnormality, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), left ventricular dilatation, and left atrial dilatation. We used a dataset comprising 229,439 paired sets of ECG and echocardiography data from 8 facilities, and validated the model using external verification with data from 2 facilities. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of our model was 0.913 for low EF, 0.832 for wall motion abnormality, 0.797 for LVH, 0.838 for left ventricular dilatation, and 0.802 for left atrial dilatation. In interpretation tests with 12 cardiologists, the accuracy of the model was 78.3% for low EF and 68.3% for LVH. Compared with cardiologists who read the 12-lead ECGs, the model’s performance was superior for LVH and similar for low EF.Conclusions: From a multicenter study dataset, we developed models to predict left heart abnormalities using Lead I on the ECG. The Lead I ECG models show superior or equivalent performance to cardiologists using 12-lead ECGs.

著者

Yuzo Yamasaki

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-23-0853, (Released:2023-12-06)

参考文献数

10

著者

水野 文月 五條堀 淳

出版者

公益財団法人 日本学術協力財団

雑誌

学術の動向 (ISSN:13423363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.2, pp.2_38-2_41, 2020-02-01 (Released:2020-06-26)

参考文献数

5

著者

古屋 詩織

出版者

Société de Langue et Littérature Françaises du Kanto

雑誌

日本フランス語フランス文学会関東支部論集 (ISSN:09194770)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.27-40, 2023 (Released:2023-12-24)

著者

伊藤 直樹

出版者

一般社団法人 日本学生相談学会

雑誌

学生相談研究 (ISSN:09146512)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.1, pp.43-52, 2023-07-31 (Released:2023-11-06)

参考文献数

51

---

本研究の目的は、台湾における学生相談・学生支援に関する研究のレビューを行い、台湾における最近の研究課題に関する基礎的資料を得ることにより、日本における研究に資する知見を得ることであった。文献データベースから選択された43編の研究論文のレビューを行ったところ、これらは、(1)大学生の学生生活の状況に関する研究、(2)大学生の精神的健康に関連する諸要因に関する研究、(3)学生相談機関の利用促進及び相談・支援の質的向上に関する研究、(4)大学生の家族関係に関する研究、(5)大学生を取り巻く社会的問題に関する研究、の5つの研究課題に整理された。また台湾において大学生の学生生活への適応や学生相談機関の利用促進に関する研究が多いことは日本との共通点と考えられたが、発達障害学生支援に関する研究課題が見出されないこと、社会的・文化的背景が大学生に及ぼす影響を意識した研究が多く行われていることは日本との相違点と考えられた。さらに大学生を取り巻く社会的問題に焦点を当てた研究は、日本における学生相談・学生支援に示唆を与えうることを指摘し、今後の課題として、台湾と日本の研究の相違をさらに精査することを挙げた。

著者

清水口 涼子 飯塚 敏郎 髙雄 暁成 柴田 理美 夏目 壮一郎 髙雄 美里 山口 達郎 中野 大輔 堀口 慎一郎 小泉 浩一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本消化器内視鏡学会 関東支部

雑誌

Progress of Digestive Endoscopy (ISSN:13489844)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.99, no.1, pp.30-34, 2021-12-03 (Released:2022-01-17)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

---

閉塞性大腸癌においてBridge to surgery(BTS)を目的とした大腸ステント留置は,一期的吻合を可能にする有効な減圧処置であると同時に,閉塞解除により深部大腸を含めた全大腸内視鏡検査を可能にする.そこで当院におけるBTS目的の大腸ステント留置症例を対象として,同時性多発病変の発見を目的とした全大腸内視鏡検査の有用性および安全性を検証した.対象は,ステント留置した129例中,ステント留置後に術前の全大腸内視鏡検査を施行した94例(73%)であった.同時性多発大腸癌の合併例を30例(32%)に認め,病変数は47病変であった.ステント口側に22病変,肛門側に25病変認め,早期癌が42病変,進行癌が5病変であった.26病変は主病変と同時の外科切除,12病変は術前内視鏡治療,8病変は術後内視鏡治療を施行した.内視鏡治療施行した症例は根治切除が得られた.ステント留置に伴う偶発症は1例も認められなかった.ステント留置後の術前全大腸内視鏡検査は併存病変の診断や切除範囲の決定に有用と考えられ安全に実施することが可能であった.

著者

原 實 池田 好幸 川上 明 白髭 健助

出版者

安全工学会

雑誌

安全工学 (ISSN:05704480)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.3, pp.160-163, 1993-06-15 (Released:2017-07-31)

---

ブレーキ液が漏出するというリコールが多いので,国内乗用車メーカーのブレーキ液を用いて含水率と引火点および発火点の関係を調べた.その結果,クリーブランド解放式試験器によって測定した引火点は120~142℃で,含水率が大きくなるにしたがって上昇する傾向がみられる.また,ASTM-E659によって測定した発火点は204~213。Cで,水分の影響をあまり受けていないが,排気マニホールドや排気管などの表面温度よりもかなり低い.漏出したブレーキ液が発火する場合の条件は高温物体の温度だけでなく,ブレーキ液の量も影響していると考えられるので,実状に即した測定を行う必要がある.

著者

白水 浩信

出版者

北海道大学大学院教育学研究院

雑誌

北海道大学大学院教育学研究院紀要 (ISSN:18821669)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.139, pp.1-68, 2021-12-24

---

There has been considerable discussion concerning the conclusion of Philippe Ariès’ Centuries of Childhood (1962). According to Ariès, “medieval civilization had no idea of education,” with some medievalists (e. g. Pierre Riché), criticizing and opposing this hasty thesis. They claimed that there were abundant historical sources discussing education in medieval monasteries, schools, and courts. However, the question remains whether such sources truly expressed educatio in Medieval Latin while discussing pedagogical issues. The present study analyzes De institutione nouitiorum, written by Hugh of St. Victor (ca. 1096-1141) in order to answer the question, and provides sufficient evidence to insist that it was not educatio, but disciplina which formulated «le pédagogique» throughout the Middle Ages. Taking this matter into account, it will be possible to understand Ariès’ proposition in the context of historical lexicology. For instance, disciplina was the comprehensive concept of Hugh’s De institutione, which presents a guide regarding novices’ behavior and conduct ― that is, their way of speaking, gesturing, clothing, eating, and so on. He never used the word educatio, although he treated pedagogical subjects in the same manner as modern writers. The terminology of pedagogy was utterly different between medieval and modern civilizations. It was not until early modern times that educatio was generally used in a pedagogical context. In the first half of this paper, the historical transition of the usage of disciplina since antiquity is investigated so as to provide a basis for reading Hugh’s De institutione. First, the usage of disciplina is chronologically clarified in classical Latin literature. The word disciplina is derived from discere, meaning “to learn”. We can find the earliest uses of this word in the works of Plautus in the meaning of life-style or way of conduct. Cicero translated παιδεία into disciplina thereafter in introducing Greek culture to Rome. He also combined disciplina with ancestral customs (mos maiorum) and added moral value to its meaning. Disciplina represented the order and constitution of the republic with that of the Ciceronian. In Seneca’s Moral Epistles, disciplina signified a moral lesson or exercise for the soul. Church Fathers developed and enhanced the usage of disciplina in these meanings. Second this study explores how early Christianity used disciplina in the Bible translation and in terms of patrology. At the outset, it should be emphasized that most examples of παιδεία in the Greek version of the Bible were replaced with disciplina (in the Latin version). Moreover, παιδεία in Septuagint corresponded to the term musar in the Hebrew Bible, which means correction and chastening. The new and strange usage of disciplina derived from Hebrew was invented, and which was previously unknown to ancient Romans. Augustine asserted in his Expositions on the Psalm that the word disciplina was equivalent to παιδεία, and that it must be understood for Christians as instruction through tribulations (per molestias eruditio). According to him, the Church is a domus disciplinae ― a house of discipline. For the first few centuries, disciplina christiana was established by fathers such as Tertullian, Cyprian, Augustine, and so on. It was soon adopted to monastic rules, such as the rule of St. Augustine and the rule of St. Benedict, who incorporated it into the motto “humility and obedience”. In the second half of this paper, we attempt to comprehend and analyze De institutione from the perspective of the development of disciplina christiana in medieval monasteries. Hugh was a Canon Regular in the Abbey of St. Victor at Paris, founded around 1113. His De institutione was a useful manual for monastic life, with many copies having been fabricated all over Western Europe. It was the most representative book of disciplina in the High Middle Ages. It is evident from this study that Hugh never used educatio in his argument of edification of novices, and that he imposed rigorous discipline on them to transform their habitual conduct and behavior into good and honorable ones. Hugh had stated, through the wax metaphor, that the human mind should be emollient in order to be taught, signifying elements of humility and docility. Similar suggestions are easily found in the works of Francis Bacon, Comenius, and John Locke. In the seventeenth century, however, the term which formulates «le pédagogique» had already changed from disciplina to educatio (education) ― in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, pedagogical terminology was drastically shifted towards that of educatio. The historiography of education must be awakened to the lexical change in «le pédagogique».

著者

Minoru Kurisu Masayuki Imai

出版者

The Biophysical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biophysics and Physicobiology (ISSN:21894779)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.e210002, (Released:2023-12-19)

---

How do the living systems emerge from non-living molecular assemblies? What physical and chemical principles supported the process? To address these questions, a promising strategy is to artificially reconstruct living cells in a bottom-up way. Recently, the authors developed the “synthetic minimal cell” system showing recursive growth and division cycles, where the concepts of information molecules, metabolic pathways, and cell reproduction were artificially and concisely redesigned with the vesicle-based system. We intentionally avoided using the sophisticated molecular machinery of the biological cells and tried to redesign the cells in the simplest forms. This review focuses on the similarities and differences between the biological cells and our synthetic minimal cell concerning each concept of cells. Such comparisons between natural and artificial cells will provide insights on how the molecules should be assembled to create living systems to the wide readers in the field of synthetic biology, artificial cells, and protocells research. This review article is an extended version of the Japanese article “Growth and division of vesicles coupled with information molecules,” published in SEIBUTSU-BUTSURI vol. 61, p. 378-381 (2021).