著者
古屋 英彦
出版者
一般社団法人 日本耳鼻咽喉科学会
雑誌
日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報 (ISSN:00306622)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.76, no.2, pp.182-200, 1973-02-20 (Released:2008-12-16)
参考文献数
45
被引用文献数
1

最近の複雑多岐にわたる社会機構の中で生活する者にとつて,種々雑多な身体的および精神的ストレスにさらされることを余儀なくされているのが現状である.そのため生体の生理的バランスが維持されるのに重要な自律神経も絶えず緊張状態に置かれるため,それに伴う疾患の一つである眩暈症も増加の傾向にある,このために「めまい」は近代病とみなされているが,最近では種々の平衡神経系の機能検査をしても診断のはつきりしない眩暈や,あらゆる薬物療法にも抵抗を示す眩暈や,薬物の効果がある程度の範囲でとどまつてしまう眩量が増加している.一方,堀口教室における系統的研究では鼻咽腔炎によつて自律神経機能のアンバランスを来すことが解明され,眩暈が鼻咽腔炎に伴つて増強し,鼻咽腔炎の治療に伴つて眩暈が消失する事実も認められている.本論文では,外来を訪れた「めまい」患者を対象とし,これらについて詳細な前庭機能検査と鼻咽腔検査を施行し,その成績より眩暈患者の分類と鼻咽腔炎の有無との関連,鼻咽腔刺激による自律神経反応と前庭症状との関連,鼻咽腔治療に伴う前庭反応と自律神経反応との平行性を調べ,鼻咽腔炎と眩暈症との関連性を検討した結果,両者の間には密接な関係があることを認め次の結論を得た.結論1) 鼻咽腔炎の存在が,眩暈を誘発し増悪させる.2) 従来診断不明とされていた眩暈症には,鼻咽腔炎によるものが少からず存在する.3) 鼻咽腔刺激検査は眩暈症の予後判定に役立つ.4) 末梢迷路疾患の初期の段階では自律神経緊張が亢進し,次いで交感神経低反応型に移行し,眩暈消失の段階では自律神経反応は正常型になる.
著者
西田 顕郎 小橋 澄治 水山 高久
出版者
公益社団法人 砂防学会
雑誌
砂防学会誌 (ISSN:02868385)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.49, no.6, pp.9-16, 1997-03-15 (Released:2010-04-30)
参考文献数
25
被引用文献数
5

Landslides during an earthquake often occur at peculiar topography, that is, steep and convex slopes. We examined these features by two parameters using digital terrain models of actual mountain slopes which had suffered from earthquake-induced landslides. These parameters, one is slope gradient and the other is mean curvature, worked well distinguishing those landslide slopes among all slopes. Especially when these parameters were derived on particular node distances, they had significant effects. These special node distances should reflect dominant scales of principal mechanisms or factors of initiation of the landslides. The dominant scales were lOm for gradient and 50m for curvature. Using these results, we developed an evaluation method concerning the susceptibility of slopes to earthquake landslides.
著者
田中 久美子
出版者
一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会
雑誌
健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.1, pp.15-21, 2015 (Released:2015-07-31)
参考文献数
28

The relationship between test anxiety and restrained eating, as assessed by estimates of the calorie content of food was investigated. Female undergraduate students (N=169) participated in the study. They were shown two “healthy” (fruits) and four “unhealthy” foods (chocolate, potato chips, etc.), and were asked to estimate the calorie content of each food item. Participants also completed questionnaires assessing their test anxiety, as well as the Revised Restrained Scale. Results indicated that restrained eaters were more likely than unrestrained eaters to underestimate the calorie content of healthy food, regardless of their anxiety status. This finding suggested that restrained eaters, who are concerned with managing their weight, believe that healthy foods do not affect potential weight gain, which supported the health halo effect. Moreover, restrained eaters with low anxiety overestimated calories in sweets, which are unhealthy food, whereas restrained eaters with high anxiety underestimated their calories. These biases suggest that lower calorie estimation of unhealthy foods allowed restrained eaters to feel fewer cognitive conflicts associated with eating as an emotion regulation strategy.
著者
Kyoung Ah RHO Mi Kyung KIM
出版者
Center for Academic Publications Japan
雑誌
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.52, no.1, pp.33-46, 2006 (Released:2007-06-15)
参考文献数
39
被引用文献数
12 22 30

In this study, the freeze-dried powders from whole grapes, pomace and juice of Campbell Early (Vitis labruscana Bailey) were prepared to determine the amount of total flavonoids, vitamins A, C, and E, and dietary fiber. Effects of whole grape, pomace, or juice intakes on their antioxidative capacity and DNA damage were investigated in Sprague-Dawley male rats. A total of 120 rats at 13 mo old and weighing 549±4 g were blocked into 8 groups according to body weight and raised for 3, 5, or 7 mo with diets containing 2% (w/w) dry powder of three different parts of grapes and 0.02% (w/w) CdCl2. The contents of flavonoids, antioxidant vitamins A and E, and dietary fiber in freeze-dried powder were the highest in grape pomace, but the vitamin C contents were similar among the three powders. In all the 16, 18, and 20-mo-old animals, plasma and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels of grape-ingesting groups were lower than those of the controls and that of the grape pomace group was the lowest among the groups. Cd administration increased plasma and liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels remarkably; however, Cd+grape groups were lower than the Cd-control group. Red blood cell superoxide dismutase activity of 18- and 20-mo-old rats was higher than that of 16-mo-olds, showing an age-related increase; however, red blood cell catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities decreased with age. Grape diets promoted superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activities, and the grape pomace increased the activities most significantly among three different parts of the grape. Cd decreased superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase activities; however Cd+grape groups showed similar activities to the non-Cd control group. Liver superoxide dismutase activity was decreased with age but catalase activity of 18-mo-old rats was higher than those of 16- and 20-mo-old groups, and glutathione peroxidase activities of 16- and 18-mo-old groups were similar but that of 20-mo-old groups decreased markedly. Grape intake increased these three antioxidative enzyme activities while Cd administration decreased catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities except superoxide dismutase activity. The concentration in the kidney of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine in the 18- and 20-mo-old rats was higher than that in the 16-mo-old groups, and grape intake showed a protecting effect on DNA from age-related or Cd-induced oxidative damage. In conclusion, grape intakes, especially grape pomace with the highest content of flavonoids, β-carotene, tocopherols and dietary fiber among the three parts, showed the prominent antioxidative capacity of inhibiting age-related or Cd-induced increase of lipid peroxidation and DNA damage effectively, promoting liver and red blood cell antioxidant enzyme activities.
著者
Akihiko Kitamura Hiroshi Naito Takahiko Kimura Kazumitsu Shinohara Takashi Sasaki Haruhiko Okumura
出版者
一般社団法人 映像情報メディア学会
雑誌
映像情報メディア学会誌 (ISSN:13426907)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.69, no.10, pp.J292-J297, 2015 (Released:2015-09-25)
参考文献数
12
被引用文献数
6

To establish the superiority of monocular presentation in augmented reality (AR) over binocular presentation, we report two experiments involving a tracing task with an AR image covering a visual field observed in both the monocular and binocular conditions. In Experiment 1, the subjective visibility of the AR image and the accuracy of the tracing task were measured. In Experiment 2, participants identified a character in the AR image while tracing. The AR image was less visible in the monocular condition than in the binocular condition. Hence, participants could observe the real world more easily in the monocular condition, and the resulting performance on the tracing task was better in the monocular condition. Information acquisition from the AR image in the monocular condition was equivalent to that in the binocular condition. These results exhibit the superiority of monocular AR presentation for the performance of manual tasks.
著者
横山 優樹 高比良 英朗 望月 信哉 山田 光穗
出版者
一般社団法人 映像情報メディア学会
雑誌
映像情報メディア学会誌 (ISSN:13426907)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.69, no.10, pp.J298-J305, 2015 (Released:2015-09-25)
参考文献数
17
被引用文献数
2

われわれは電子端末の使いやすさ,見やすさについて,目のピント調節と輻輳眼球運動の追従精度から評価できないか検討を行っている.視標を奥行き方向にリニアに移動させることができる装置と組合せ,眼球の水晶体調節と輻輳眼球運動を同時に測定する実験装置を開発し,表示媒体,フォントサイズ,文字フォントといったパラメータを変化させ,奥行き方向に移動させた際の輻輳眼球運動と調節応答の分析を行った.その結果,調節変化量は奥行き移動量に近いものの,表示媒体,フォントサイズ,文字フォントによって違いがあること,輻輳の変化量は,これらのパラメータに依存する傾向はあまりみられなかった.
著者
Koichi TAKAHASHI Tatsuo MIMA Yoichi AKIBA
出版者
社団法人 日本脳神経外科学会
雑誌
Neurologia medico-chirurgica (ISSN:04708105)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.oa.2015-0032, (Released:2015-10-21)
参考文献数
40
被引用文献数
3 49

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) has increasingly been recognized, and it is well known that SIH is sometimes complicated by chronic subdural hematoma (SDH). In this study, 55 cases of SIH with SDH were retrospectively analyzed, focusing on therapeutic strategies and outcomes. Of 169 SIH cases (75 males, 84 females), 55 (36 males, 19 females) were complicated by SDH. SIH was diagnosed based on clinical symptoms, neuroimaging, and/or low cerebrospinal fluid pressure. Presence of orthostatic headache and diffuse meningeal enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging were regarded as the most important criteria. Among 55 SIH with SDH cases, 13 improved with conservative treatment, 25 initially received an epidural blood patch (EBP), and 17 initially underwent irrigation of the hematomas. Of the 25 initially treated with EBP, 7 (28.0%) needed SDH surgery and 18 (72.0%) recovered fully without surgery. Of 17 SDH cases initially treated with surgery, 6 (35.7%) required no EBP therapy and the other 11 (64.3%) needed EBP and/or additional SDH operations. In the latter group, 2 cases had transient severe complications during and after the procedures. One of these 2 cases developed a hoarse voice complication. Despite this single, non-severe complication, all enrolled in this study achieved good outcomes. The present study suggests that patients initially receiving SDH surgery may need additional treatments and may occasionally have complications. If conservative treatment is insufficient, EBP should be performed prior to hematoma irrigation.
著者
大槻 純男 堀 里子 寺崎 哲也
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬理学会
雑誌
日本薬理学雑誌 (ISSN:00155691)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.122, no.1, pp.55-64, 2003 (Released:2003-06-24)
参考文献数
50
被引用文献数
7 12

血液脳関門(blood-brain barrier: BBB)は,血液と脳を隔てる関門組織として存在し薬物の脳への透過性を制限していることは,古くから認識されていた.近年のBBB研究の成果によって,BBBには栄養物質を脳へ供給する輸送系だけではなく,脳から血液方向の排出(efflux)輸送系の存在が明らかになり,それら輸送系の機能が薬物の脳移行性に大きな影響を与えていることが明らかになりつつある.血液から脳への輸送を行うinflux輸送系は,薬物を脳へ移行する通り道となる.BBBに発現するアミノ酸輸送系の一つであるsystem Lによって,L-DOPAは脳内に輸送される.また,一部の塩基性のµ-opioid peptide analogueは,BBBと電荷的相互作用を介したtranscytosisによって脳内に移行する.一方,排出輸送系によって排出されてしまうために脳内分布が低下してしまうケースも存在する.排出輸送に関わる分子としてATP-binding cassette(ABC)トランスポーターのABCB1(MDR1)が存在する.この輸送系は,ATP水解エネルギーを利用して,比較的脂溶性の高い薬物を血中に排出する.また,内因性物質の排出輸送系によっても薬物が脳から排出される.ドパミンの代謝物であるhomovanillic acidは,organic anion transporter 3(OAT3)が関与する排出輸送系によって脳から排出される.このOAT3が関与する排出輸送系によって6-mercaptopurineやacyclovir等が排出され脳への移行が制限されている可能性が示唆されている.また,BBBにはシナプスと同様にセロトニンやノルエピネフリンのトランスポーターが発現していることから,これらトランスポーターを阻害する抗うつ薬による相互作用が考えられる.現在,血液脳関門に発現し薬物の輸送に関わる輸送系や,薬物と相互作用する輸送系が徐々に明らかになりつつある.今後,このようなBBBの輸送系の解明は中枢作動薬の開発や中枢疾患の病因解明に重要な知見となるであろう.
著者
中村 謙吾 米田 稔
出版者
一般社団法人 廃棄物資源循環学会
雑誌
廃棄物資源循環学会論文誌 (ISSN:18835856)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, pp.25-35, 2014 (Released:2014-03-28)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
4

蛍石を用いた精錬工程で発生する製鋼スラグを用いて,溶媒pHおよび温度変化による製鋼スラグの溶出量の検討を行った。また,溶出試験と同条件から粒径別の溶出量を検討した。溶出試験の結果,フッ素の溶出量は溶液のpHが影響していた。また,粒径別の溶出試験より表面からの深度に対する溶出領域と比較した場合,粒径が小さいほど推定溶出量と測定溶出値の差が大きくなった。一律推定溶出量と測定溶出量を比較すると,粒径を1.625-2, 0.425-0.5mmとした場合は各元素で0.1~10倍となった。試料粒径0-0.045mmの推定溶出量は,測定溶出量と比較して小さく (1/1000~1/10,000) なることが推測された。試料粒径0-0.045mmからの溶出は,溶出試験の溶出量に寄与しないことが示唆された。また,見かけ上製鋼スラグの溶出には,表面の1~0.1%の成分が関わっていることが示唆された。
著者
後藤 浩 祖父江 一馬 有馬 勇人 石野 和男 玉井 信行 竹澤 三雄
出版者
公益社団法人 土木学会
雑誌
土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) (ISSN:18842399)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.69, no.2, pp.I_1386-I_1390, 2013 (Released:2013-11-12)
参考文献数
10

The Great East Japan Earthquake occurred on March 11, 2011 and the coastal zones along the Pacific Ocean in Tohoku area have received severe damage by tsunami. Most of coastal forestations have been severely damaged or swept away due to a gigantic tsunami. In this paper, historical background of coastal forestation was studied by detailed literature surveys. An instructive formula was developed between damage level of houses and a distance from coastal forestation by field investigations at the coast of Sendai plain. Furthermore, damage level of houses was clarified as a function of inundation depth of tsunami with influence of a housing code.
著者
永田 昌子 堤 明純 中野 和歌子 中村 純 森 晃爾
出版者
公益社団法人 日本産業衛生学会
雑誌
産業衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:13410725)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, no.1, pp.29-29, 2012 (Released:2012-03-05)
参考文献数
17
被引用文献数
1

職域における広汎性発達障害者の頻度と対応:産業医経験を有する精神科医を対象とした調査:永田昌子ほか.産業医科大学産業医実務研修センター―目的:近年,産業保健スタッフが対応するメンタルヘルス不調者の中に広汎性発達障害を抱える,もしくは疑い例に遭遇する事例が報告されている.本研究は,産業医経験を有する精神科医を対象に,職域で広汎性発達障害の事例対応に遭遇する頻度や広汎性発達障害を抱えるメンタルヘルス不調者に対して行われている就業上の配慮について,職域での実態調査を行った.対象と方法:産業医科大学精神医学教室員および同門医師122名に対して,記名式の郵送法調査を実施した.回答者の産業医経験,臨床経験,臨床場面での広汎性発達障害の経験,産業医活動のなかで広汎性発達障害の診断を受けているメンタルヘルス不調者の事例対応をした経験の有無,また,事例対応開始時に主治医より受けている診断名は広汎性発達障害ではないが,回答者自身が広汎性発達障害を疑った事例の経験の有無,事例対応の経験があるものには,職場で行った具体的な配慮,困難だった事例,成功した事例等について自由記述形式で回答を求めた.結果:56名から回答が得られた.そのうちメンタルヘルス不調者の職域での事例対応経験のある医師35名の回答を分析した.広汎性発達障害の「診断」を受けているメンタルヘルス不調者の経験を有するものは7人(20.0%),広汎性発達障害の「診断」を受けてないものの,回答者自身が広汎性発達障害を疑ったメンタルヘルス不調者の経験を有するものは15人(42.9%),両方の経験を有するものが3人(8.6%)であり,どちらかの経験も有するものが19人(54.6%)であった.今回報告された40例のうち,事例対応開始時に診断名がついていたものが12例,回答者が疑った事例が28例,そのうち調査票回答時までに診断に至っていたものが7例であった.広汎性発達障害の「診断」を受けてないものの,回答者自身が広汎性発達障害を疑った理由として多かったのは,職場での対人関係のトラブルを起こすというエピソードであった.「診断」を受けている事例は,産業医が疑った事例より具体的な配慮が行われていた.また,就業上の配慮として上司に対しての障害特性についての説明や業務内容の変更などが実施されていた.地域の社会資源の活用状況として,広汎性発達障害の診断を受けている,または疑った事例対応経験のある回答者19人のうち,発達障害支援センターや地域障害者職業センターの利用した経験を有する回答者は2人(10.5%)であった.考察:調査対象となった産業医経験のある精神科医の半数に広汎性発達障害の診断がついた,もしくは疑った事例の対応の経験があり,職域で広汎性発達障害を持つ労働者の事例対応をすることは稀ではないことが示唆された.産業保健スタッフは,広汎性発達障害の知識,職場での適切な配慮の仕方,利用できる社会資源についての理解を深める必要があると考えられた.
著者
Gabriela SÁNCHEZ-ANDRADE Bronwen M JAMES Keith M KENDRICK
出版者
日本繁殖生物学会
雑誌
Journal of Reproduction and Development (ISSN:09168818)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.51, no.5, pp.547-558, 2005 (Released:2005-11-11)
参考文献数
81
被引用文献数
55 94 75

Our work with both sheep and mouse models has revealed many of the neural substrates and signalling pathways involved in olfactory recognition memory in the main olfactory system. A distributed neural system is required for initial memory formation and its short-term retention-the olfactory bulb, piriform and entorhinal cortices and hippocampus. Following memory consolidation, after 8 h or so, only the olfactory bulb and piriform cortex appear to be important for effective recall. Similarly, whereas the glutamate-NMDA/AMPA receptor-nitric oxide (NO)-cyclic GMP signalling pathway is important for memory formation it is not involved in recall post-consolidation. Here, within the olfactory bulb, up-regulation of class 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors appears to maintain the enhanced sensitivity at the mitral to granule cell synapses required for effective memory recall. Recently we have investigated whether fluctuating sex hormone levels during the oestrous cycle modulate olfactory recognition memory and the different neural substrates and signalling pathways involved. These studies have used two robust models of social olfactory memory in the mouse which either involve social or non social odours (habituation-dishabituation and social transmission of food preference tasks). In both cases significant improvement of learning retention occurs when original learning takes place during the proestrus phase of the ovarian cycle. This is probably the result of oestrogen changes at this time since transgenic mice lacking functional expression of oestrogen receptors (ERα and ERβ, the two main oestrogen receptor sub-types) have shown problems in social recognition. Therefore, oestrogen appears to act at the level of the olfactory bulb by modulating both noradrenaline and the glutamate/NO signalling pathway.
著者
若林 寿雄
出版者
一般社団法人 資源・素材学会
雑誌
日本鉱業会誌 (ISSN:03694194)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.79, no.901, pp.457-464, 1963-07-25 (Released:2011-07-13)
被引用文献数
1

The working face at Miike coal mine have been removed into the thick seam area over 3 meter gradually since 1950-1951. To work this seam throughly, several mining methods were investigated, then the slicing system was applied in Mikawa pit, while self advancing powerd roof support was introduced to Miyaura pit.It had been generally believed that the working height of long wall face in low dip was up to nearly 2.8 meter, however, after extensive examinations, we had developed the self advancing support using mighty hydraulic props of higher yielding load, there by we have succeed in getting coal seam over 3 meter throughly at same time.
著者
後藤 美和 高野 義久 高濱 寛 橋本 洋一郎 長谷川 由佳 波多江 崇
出版者
日本社会薬学会
雑誌
社会薬学 (ISSN:09110585)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, no.1, pp.34-41, 2015-06-10 (Released:2015-10-16)
参考文献数
15

To assess the changes in attitudes toward smoking after the smoking-prevention classes presented by Kumamoto Tobacco-Free Forum, this study administered a questionnaire survey to first-year junior high school students before and after a smoking-prevention class at a junior high school. The questionnaire that was used to pre and post comparison comprised thirteen items, ten from the Kano Test for Social Nicotine Dependence (KTSND-Youth) and three as follows: “I think I will be a smoker in the future,” “I think I will smoke about once,” and “What do you think of people around you who smoke tobacco?” The results of this pre- and post-class questionnaire indicate that attitudes toward seven items improved in a statistically significant way. These included four from KTSND-Youth: “Smokers cannot stop even if they want to,” “Smoking is adult-like and cool,” “Smoking is enjoys taste and a fragrance,” and “If it’s a place with an ashtray, it’s okay to smoke.” The smoking-prevention classes significantly decreased total KTSND-Youth scores. Furthermore, the analysis has clarified that the KTSND-Youth items: “Smoking is adult-like and cool” and “Doctor and school teachers say, ‘Tobacco is no good too much”, as well as the item “What do you think of people around you who smoke tobacco?” are significantly influencing factors for the item “I will be a smoker in the future.” These results indicate that the smoking-prevention classes presented by Kumamoto Tobacco-Free Forum were effective for decline in social nicotine dependence of the first-year students in junior high school.
著者
三木 有咲 波多江 崇 猪野 彩 井上 知美 上野 隼平 笠谷 君代 近藤 亜美 坂口 知子 佐々木 信子 田内 義彦 竹下 治範 辻 華子 中川 素子 野口 栄 長谷川 由佳 水田 恵美 矢羽野 早代 山根 雅子 濵口 常男
出版者
日本社会薬学会
雑誌
社会薬学 (ISSN:09110585)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, no.1, pp.24-33, 2015-06-10 (Released:2015-10-16)
参考文献数
16

We implemented a questionnaire survey targeting mothers who are in child care and had participated in consultations regarding drugs and diseases. We examined the future roles of community pharmacists by exploring the mothers’ concerns and, anxieties about child cares and their backgrounds, and their expectations for profession of community pharmacist. Mothers have listed anxiety and concerns of child care about “dermatitis such as rash and atopic eczema”; “food allergies”; “infectious diseases such as measles, chicken pox, and mumps”; and “side effects of vaccination”. In addition, most of them indicated their own concerns and anxiety about “solutions to children’s illnesses.” Despite their anxieties and concerns, however, approximately 60% of the mothers have never consulted with community pharmacists. Among them, approximately a half of them indicated the following three reasons why they have never consulted with pharmacists: “I have nothing to talk about,”, “I do not know what I should talk about,”, and “I was not sure if it was alright to talk about my concerns.”. From these results, we concluded that community pharmacists in the future should improve their communication skills and inform their availability to consult about medicine and disease to local residents.