著者

保田 尚孝

出版者

日本臨床免疫学会

雑誌

日本臨床免疫学会会誌 (ISSN:09114300)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.4, pp.209-216, 2013 (Released:2013-08-31)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

1 3

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破骨細胞分化因子RANKLの発見から15年が経過し,破骨細胞分化メカニズムの解明が飛躍的に進んだ.この発見は抗体医薬である完全ヒトRANKL中和抗体(デノスマブ)の開発につながり,2010年頃から欧米を始め,多くの国で骨粗鬆症治療薬および癌骨転移による骨病変の治療薬として臨床応用されている.日本では,2012年から癌骨転移による骨病変の治療薬として臨床応用されているが,本年3月に骨粗鬆症治療薬としても承認された.破骨細胞分化に必須の絶対的因子であるRANKLを標的にした抗体医薬の切れ味は強力であり,多くの患者にとって福音となろう.本稿ではRANKLの発見により,解明された破骨細胞分化メカニズムを紹介し,抗RANKL抗体による強力な骨量増加をマウスモデルにより解説する.RANKL中和抗体を投与するとわずか数日後には破骨細胞が激減し,骨吸収が抑制されることにより,骨量が増加する.この抗RANKL抗体により,破骨細胞を不活性化し,骨量を簡単に増加させることが可能となった.

著者

Osamu Nakajima Kosuke Nakamura Kazunari Kondo Hiroshi Akiyama Reiko Teshima

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.9, pp.1454-1459, 2013-09-01 (Released:2013-09-01)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

2 3

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Genetically modified (GM) chickens carrying the human erythropoietin (hEpo) gene have been developed to produce recombinant hEpo protein in eggs. However, such animals have not been approved as food sources in Japan. We developed a method for detecting the hEpo gene in chicken meat using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR). The hEpo gene was clearly detected in genomic DNA extracted from magnum and heart of a chimeric chicken containing the hEpo gene. A plasmid containing the hEpo gene was used as a standard reference molecule as well. The results clearly showed that our method was capable of detecting the hEpo gene contained in the plasmid in the presence of genomic DNA extracted from a raw chicken meat sample. We successfully used this method to test six samples of raw chicken meat and six samples of chicken meat in processed foods. This method will be useful for monitoring chicken meat that might have originated from GM chickens carrying the hEpo gene to assure food safety.

著者

Tatsuhiro Miura Keishoku Sakuraba

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.3, pp.323-329, 2014 (Released:2014-03-25)

参考文献数

64

被引用文献数

3 14

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[Purpose] To clarify the influence of nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP) on force fluctuation and the myoelectric data of back muscles during isometric trunk extension at low to high force levels. [Subjects] Fourteen male subjects with NSLBP and 14 healthy male control subjects participated in this study. [Methods] All participants extended their trunk isometrically maintaining 10 levels of target force [2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 50, 70, 80 and 90% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) in a random order] for about 4 seconds with visual feedback. A force transducer and tri-axis force sensor were positioned at the 7th thoracic vertebra to measure force output and the direction of force. Myoelectric activities of the back muscles (longissimus thoracis, L2 level; multifidus, S1 level) were recorded by surface electromyography. [Results] Force output of NSLBP subjects fluctuated more than that of healthy subjects at 30% and 50%MVC. Higher median power frequency in the multifidus was observed in NSLBP subjects at moderate to high force levels. [Conclusion] These results show that the properties of force output in NSLBP subjects differ from those in healthy subjects, suggesting that the assessment of force fluctuation of back muscles at moderate force levels is a useful index for evaluating and discriminating NSLBP.

著者

Seiji Kishi Satoshi Yamada Fumi Kishi Eriko Shibata Motokazu Matsuura Kojiro Nagai Akira Mima Hideharu Abe Toshio Doi

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.16, pp.2197-2201, 2012 (Released:2012-08-15)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

5 5

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The prevalence of postinfectious glomerulonephritis has decreased in most developed countries. We report the case of a previously healthy, immunocompetent 65-year-old woman who developed acute glomerulonephritis associated with human parvovirus B19 infection. She was referred by her primary care physician for suspected congestive heart failure but she had an elevated creatinine level and an abnormal urinalysis. Renal biopsy showed diffuse endocapillary proliferative glomerulonephritis. After biopsy, we learned that she had been in frequent contact with her grandson who had been diagnosed with erythema infectiosum. Her human parvovirus B19 serum IgM titer was elevated at 3.50, indicating current infection.

著者

鄭 秀明 内山 真一郎 大原 久仁子 小林 道子 村上 博彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本脳卒中学会

雑誌

脳卒中 (ISSN:09120726)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.5, pp.456-461, 1998-10-25 (Released:2009-12-07)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1

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発症24時間以内の脳梗塞250例において,進行性増悪例の検討をOxfordshire CommunityStroke Project (OCSP)の4病型分類別に検討した.全体では28%に進行が観察され,partial anterior circulation infarcts(PACI)群の進行は9%と他の3群(total anterior circulation infarcts: TACI, lacunar infarcts: LACI, posterior circulation infarcts :POCI)に比し低率であった.進行群と非進行群の比較では,TACIの進行群で頭部CTでの早期異常が高率で,コレステロールが低下しており,LACIの進行群ではエントリー時に機能的に重症であったが,その他の因子に差はなく,POCIでは両群間に差は見出せなかった.進行例は生命予後.機能予後とも不良であった.進行例の頻度は病型別に異なり,若干の予知因子が抽出されたが,その予測は依然として困難と考えられた.

著者

長谷川 正義

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

鉄と鋼 (ISSN:00211575)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.14, pp.2169-2170, 1971-12-01 (Released:2010-10-12)

著者

大島 直樹 山口 雄大 デシルバ ラビンドラ 岡田 美智男

出版者

一般社団法人 人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.3, pp.288-300, 2014-05-01 (Released:2014-04-04)

参考文献数

17

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Understanding why people treat simple geometric animations like real agent which has intention to interact with people even if its geometry is artificial thing will aid the `agency' problems of human-agent interaction. This paper explores effects of treating simple geometric animations as a real participant to facilitate multi-party conversation in social interaction. Observational study was conducted with groups of two or three persons using simple circle (sociable spotlight) which moves based on dynamic information in the current multi-party conversation, with the goal of discovering how participants are utilizing the behaviors of sociable spotlight as an other party for organizing the conversational sequences in talk-in-interaction. In addition, we motivated to explore how the sociable spotlight is embedded within the organization of conversation and how the user's behaviors are changed according to the sociable spotlight's behaviors by investigate through conversation analysis of a video-recording. Finally, we conclude how the agency of artificial things constructed in multi-party conversation from minimal designing point of view.

著者

福井 圀彦 木村 哲彦 滝沢 茂男

出版者

バイオフィリア リハビリテーション学会

雑誌

バイオフィリア リハビリテーション研究 (ISSN:13475568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.27-32, 2006-03-31 (Released:2008-01-30)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

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患側優先の神経筋促通法(法と略)によるリハビリテーション(リハ)を見直す必要がある.法の理論や手技は進歩に伴い,片麻痺の改善を期待させるが,診察現場で片麻痺患者を例に40年昔と現在と比較すると,診察結果は昔と変わっていない.法が治療に有効との感じを受けない.患側優先で総合的な協調運動を行う事は,運動パターンの正常化には適するとされるが,実用に繋がるまでに時間を要し,その間に健側・躯幹の廃用をきたす.健側優先の法では患側優先の場合よりも健側であるため放電による促通の効果が大きいとみられ,リハの途中で,廃用状態で臥床継続状態になってしまう患者が少なく,実用に繋がる事が多い.近年の神経幹細胞の新生力に関する研究から,神経幹細胞が,損傷部位の機能回復に役立つ事も解明され,健側優先の運動リハの持つ有効性の機序解明も期待できる.また,神経伝達物質産生細胞として,神経系リハの領域に影響を及ぼすと考察する.

著者

Yoshimune Nonomura Eri Seino Saya Abe Hiroyuki Mayama

出版者

公益社団法人 日本油化学会

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.8, pp.587-590, 2013 (Released:2013-08-27)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1 6

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The elastomer materials with hieralchical structure and suitable wettability are useful as biological surface model. In the present study, urethane resin and silicone resin elastomers with hierarchical rough surfaces were prepared and referred to as “fractal elastomers”. We found a hierarchy of small projections that existed over larger ones on these surfaces. These elastomers were synthesized by transferring a fractal surface structure of alkylketene dimer. The rough structure enhanced the hydrophobicity and weakened friction resistance of the elastomer surfaces. These materials can be useful for artificial skin with biomimetic surface properties.

著者

Shoichi Fukui Yasunobu Takizawa Naoko Kubota Tomomi Okamoto Tsunekazu Hishima

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.7, pp.805-808, 2014 (Released:2014-04-01)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1 5

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A 48-year-old man visited our hospital complaining of a tender mass in the left side of the neck. He was diagnosed with tuberculous lymphadenitis based on the results of a biopsy. Shortly after the diagnosis, oral aphthae, erythema nodosum-like lesions on the lower legs and genital ulcers developed. A diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis was ruled out according to a negative mycobacterial culture of tissues obtained from stained smears and lesional biopsy specimens. The patient's symptoms remitted following the introduction of antituberculous therapy. We assume that tuberculous lymphadenitis was strongly associated with the appearance of Behçet's disease-like symptoms in this case.

著者

Toru Takano

出版者

(社)日本内分泌学会

雑誌

Endocrine Journal (ISSN:09188959)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.EJ13-0517, (Released:2014-01-22)

被引用文献数

5 30

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Thyroid cancer cells were believed to be generated by multi-step carcinogenesis, in which cancer cells are derived from thyrocytes, via multiple incidences of damage to their genome, especially in oncogenes or anti-oncogenes that accelerate proliferation or foster malignant phenotypes, such as the ability to invade the surrounding tissue or metastasize to distant organs, until a new hypothesis, fetal cell carcinogenesis, was presented. In fetal cell carcinogenesis, thyroid tumor cells are assumed to be derived from three types of fetal thyroid cell which only exist in fetuses or young children, namely, thyroid stem cells (TSCs), thyroblasts and prothyrocytes, by proliferation without differentiation. Genomic alternations, such as RET/PTC and PAX8-PPARgamma1 rearrangements and a mutation in the BRAF gene, play an oncogenic role by preventing thyroid fetal cells from differentiating. Fetal cell carcinogenesis effectively explains recent molecular and clinical evidence regarding thyroid cancer, including thyroid cancer initiating cells (TCICs), and it underscores the importance of identifying a stem cells and clarifying the molecular mechanism of organ development in cancer research. It introduces three important concepts, the reverse approach, stem cell crisis and mature and immature cancers. Further, it implies that analysis of a small population of cells in a cancer tissue will be a key technique in establishing future laboratory tests. In the contrary, mass analysis such as gene expression profiling, whole genomic scan, and proteomics analysis may have definite limitations since they can only provide information based on many cells.

著者

赤水 尚史

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.102, no.3, pp.618-623, 2013 (Released:2014-03-10)

参考文献数

4

著者

山本 和利 徳田 安春 野口 善令 大西 弘高 松島 雅人 小嶋 一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会

雑誌

日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会誌 (ISSN:21852928)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.3, pp.220-229, 2013 (Released:2013-10-04)

著者

田中 英 斎藤 誠 中沢 進 岡 秀 佐藤 肇

出版者

昭和大学学士会

雑誌

昭和医学会雑誌 (ISSN:00374342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.13, pp.1055-1057, 1967-12-28 (Released:2010-09-09)

著者

Yuki Sato-Takabe Koji Hamasaki Koji Suzuki

出版者

日本微生物生態学会 / 日本土壌微生物学会 / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / 植物微生物研究会

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.100-103, 2014 (Released:2014-04-02)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

4 12

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This paper describes the photosynthetic response of a Roseobacter strain of marine aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria to an organic substrate limitation. In batch cultures, higher values of the spheroidenone/bacteriochlorophyll a ratio were observed under substrate-deficient conditions. Interestingly, the maximum photochemical quantum efficiencies of the photosystem under substrate-deficient conditions using blue or green excitation were significantly higher than those under substrate-replete conditions. These results indicate that spheroidenone, which can absorb green light, may play an important role in their photosynthesis as a light-harvesting antenna pigment, and the photosynthetic competence of the Roseobacter strain can increase in an organic substrate-deficient environment.

著者

Dong Han Choi Jae Hoon noH Jung-Hyun Lee

出版者

日本微生物生態学会 / 日本土壌微生物学会 / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / 植物微生物研究会

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.17-22, 2014 (Released:2014-04-02)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

2 10

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Synechococcus are distributed throughout the world’s oceans and are composed of diverse genetic lineages. However, as they are much less abundant than Prochlorococcus in oligotrophic open oceans, their in-depth genetic diversity cannot be investigated using commonly used primers targeting both Prochlorococcus and Synechococcus. Thus, in this study, we designed a primer specific to the 16S–23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of the Synechococcus subcluster 5.1. Using the primer, we could selectively amplify Synechococcus sequences in oligotrophic seawater samples. Further, we showed that a barcoded amplicon pyrosequencing method could be applicable to investigate Synechococcus diversity using sequences retrieved in GenBank and obtained from environmental samples. Allowing sequence analyses of a large number of samples, this high-throughput method would be useful to study global biodiversity and biogeographic patterns of Synechococcus in marine environments.

著者

Kazuo Isobe Nobuhito Ohte

出版者

日本微生物生態学会 / 日本土壌微生物学会 / Taiwan Society of Microbial Ecology / 植物微生物研究会

雑誌

Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.4-16, 2014 (Released:2014-04-02)

参考文献数

143

被引用文献数

17 105

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Nitrogen (N) cycles have been directly linked to the functional stability of ecosystems because N is an essential element for life. Furthermore, the supply of N to organisms regulates primary productivity in many natural ecosystems. Microbial communities have been shown to significantly contribute to N cycles because many N-cycling processes are microbially mediated. Only particular groups of microbes were implicated in N-cycling processes, such as nitrogen fixation, nitrification, and denitrification, until a few decades ago. However, recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies and sophisticated isolation techniques have enabled microbiologists to discover that N-cycling microbes are unexpectedly diverse in their functions and phylogenies. Therefore, elucidating the link between biogeochemical N-cycling processes and microbial community dynamics can provide a more mechanistic understanding of N cycles than the direct observation of N dynamics. In this review, we summarized recent findings that characterized the microbes governing novel N-cycling processes. We also discussed the ecological role of N-cycling microbial community dynamics, which is essential for advancing our understanding of the functional stability of ecosystems.

著者

吉沢 康雄 草間 朋子

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.2, pp.123-128, 1976 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

5 13

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Various questions arise in the application of ICRP “Standard Man” values to Japanese. One of the questions is that “Standard Man” values of the thyroid are different from normal Japanese values. A systematic survey of past reports was carried out with a view to search for normal Japanese values of the thyroid. The subjects of search were weight, iodine content and iodine uptake rate (fW) of the thyroid. These are important factors in the estimation of the radiation dose of the thyroid caused by internal contamination of radioiodine, and are foreseen to have the difference between Japanese and “Standard Man.” The result of study suggested that the weight of the thyroid of normal Japanese is about 19g for adult male and about 17g for adult female, and that the iodine content is 12-22mg and iodine uptake rate (fW) is about 0.2.

出版者

Journal of Radiation Research 編集委員会

雑誌

Journal of Radiation Research (ISSN:04493060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.4, pp.457-458, 2001 (Released:2002-02-28)

著者

Witold S. Proskura Daria Cichoń Wilhelm Grzesiak Daniel Zaborski Ewa Sell-Kubiak Yeong-Hsiang Cheng Andrzej Dybus

出版者

日本家禽学会

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0130237, (Released:2014-03-25)

被引用文献数

15

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The objective of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the g.2582481G>A, g.2583935G>A and g.2584057C>T single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the lactate dehydrogenase A gene (LDHA) coding for lactate dehydrogenase isoform A and the racing performance of homing pigeons. As a measure of racing performance, we used the mean values of ace points won by individual birds during the whole season. The estimated heritability of the racing performance of pigeons was relatively low (h2=0.0596; SE=0.0249). The analyzis performed for all race reports together showed that the factors such as gender, weather conditions at the start and at the end of the race affect the analyzed trait. Of the 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms, only the effect of the g.2582481G>A genotype on the performance of racing pigeons was significant. Statistical analyzis indicated the difference in the value of ace points between the animals of GG and GA genotypes for the g.2582481G>A SNP. The study showed that the genotype homozygous for g.2582481A is linked to the highest mean value of ace points. Consequently, the relationship between the genotype for g.2582481G>A and the racing performance was shown.